Code of Canon Law 1983

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Code of Canon Law 1983 The Code of Canon Law 1983 Table of Contents BOOK I: GENERAL NORMS.......................................................................................................... 8 Title I: Ecclesiastical Laws .................................................................................................... 8 Title II: Custom ..................................................................................................................... 10 Title III: General Decrees And Instructions........................................................................ 11 Title IV: Singular Administrative Acts ................................................................................ 11 Chapter I: COMMON NORMS........................................................................................... 11 Chapter II: SINGULAR DECREES AND PRECEPTS ...................................................... 12 Chapter III: RESCRIPTS ................................................................................................... 13 Chapter IV: PRIVILEGES.................................................................................................. 15 Chapter V: DISPENSATIONS ........................................................................................... 16 Title V: Statutes And Ordinances ....................................................................................... 17 Title VI: Physical And Juridical Persons............................................................................ 17 Chapter I: The Canonical Status Of Physical Persons ................................................. 17 Chapter II: JURIDICAL PERSONS ................................................................................... 19 Title VII: Juridical Acts......................................................................................................... 21 Title VIII: Power Of Governance.......................................................................................... 22 Title IX: Ecclesiastical Offices............................................................................................. 24 Chapter I: The Provision Of Ecclesiastical Office ......................................................... 24 Article 1: Free Conferral ............................................................................................... 25 Article 2: Presentation.................................................................................................. 25 Article 3: Election.......................................................................................................... 26 Article 4: Postulation .................................................................................................... 28 Chapter II: LOSS OF ECCLESIASTICAL OFFICE .......................................................... 29 Article 1: Resignation ................................................................................................... 30 Article 2: Transfer ......................................................................................................... 30 Article 3: Removal......................................................................................................... 30 Article 4: Deprivation.................................................................................................... 31 Title X: Prescription ............................................................................................................. 31 Title XI: The Reckoning Of Time ......................................................................................... 32 BOOK II: THE PEOPLE OF GOD................................................................................................. 32 Part I: Christ’s Faithful ............................................................................................................ 32 Title I: The Obligations And Rights Of All Christ’s Faithful ............................................. 33 Title II: The Obligations And Rights Of The Lay Members Of Christ’s Faithful ............. 34 Title III: Sacred Ministers Or Clerics................................................................................... 36 Chapter I: The Formation Of Clerics............................................................................... 36 Chapter II: THE ENROLMENT OR INCARDINATION OF CLERICS............................... 41 Chapter III: THE OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS OF CLERICS ........................................ 42 Chapter IV: LOSS OF THE CLERICAL STATE ............................................................... 45 Title IV: Personal Prelatures................................................................................................ 45 Title V: Associations Of Christ’s Faithful .......................................................................... 46 Chapter I: COMMON NORMS........................................................................................... 46 Chapter II: PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS OF CHRIST’S FAITHFUL .................................... 47 Chapter III: PRIVATE ASSOCIATIONS OF CHRIST’S FAITHFUL ................................. 49 Chapter IV: SPECIAL NORMS FOR LAY ASSOCIATIONS............................................ 50 Part II: The Hierarchical Constitution Of The Church .......................................................... 50 Section I: The Supreme Authority Of The Church ............................................................ 50 Chapter I: The Roman Pontiff And The College Of Bishops........................................ 50 Article 1: The Roman Pontiff........................................................................................ 50 Article 2: The College of Bishops................................................................................ 51 Chapter II: THE SYNOD OF BISHOPS............................................................................. 52 Chapter III: THE CARDINALS OF THE HOLY ROMAN CHURCH.................................. 53 Chapter IV: THE ROMAN CURIA ..................................................................................... 55 Chapter V: PAPAL LEGATES .......................................................................................... 55 Section II: Particular Churches And Their Groupings...................................................... 57 Title I: Particular Churches And The Authority Constituted Within Them ..................... 57 Chapter I: Particular Churches........................................................................................ 57 Chapter II: BISHOPS......................................................................................................... 57 Article 1: Bishops in General....................................................................................... 57 Article 2: Diocesan Bishops ........................................................................................ 59 Article 3: Coadjutor and Auxiliary Bishops................................................................ 62 Chapter III: THE IMPEDED OR VACANT SEE................................................................. 63 Article 1: The Impeded See .......................................................................................... 63 Article 2: The Vacant See................................................................................................. 64 Title II: Groupings Of Particular Churches ........................................................................ 66 Chapter I: Ecclesiastical Provinces And Ecclesiastical Regions................................ 66 Chapter II: METROPOLITANS.......................................................................................... 66 Chapter III: PARTICULAR COUNCILS............................................................................. 67 Chapter IV: EPISCOPAL CONFERENCES...................................................................... 69 Title III: The Internal Ordering Of Particular Churches..................................................... 71 Chapter I: The Diocesan Synod ...................................................................................... 71 Chapter II: THE DIOCESAN CURIA ................................................................................. 72 Article 1: Vicars General and Episcopal Vicars ......................................................... 73 Article 2: The Chancellor, other Notaries and the Archives..................................... 74 Article 3: The Finance Committee and the Financial Administrator........................ 75 Chapter III: THE COUNCIL OF PRIESTS AND THE COLLEGE OF CONSULTORS..... 76 Chapter IV: THE CHAPTER OF CANONS ....................................................................... 77 Chapter V: THE PASTORAL COUNCIL ........................................................................... 79 Chapter VI: PARISHES, PARISH PRIESTS AND ASSISTANT PRIESTS ...................... 79 Chapter VII: VICARS FORANE......................................................................................... 85 Chapter VIII: RECTORS OF CHURCHES AND CHAPLAINS ......................................... 86 Article 1: Rectors of Churches .................................................................................... 86 Article 2: Chaplains....................................................................................................... 87 Part III: Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life ............................. 88 Section I: Institutes of Consecrated
Recommended publications
  • Pope Nicholas II's 1059 Decree
    Pope Nicholas’s speech about simony and papal election, 1059 Draft translation by Charles West, September 2019 Source: MGH Concilia VIII, pp. 382-3 (JL 4431a) The Lord Pope Nicholas, presiding over the synod in the Constantinian basilica, said: “We decree that there should be no mercy for the simoniacs to protect their indignity, and we condemn them according to the sanctions of the canons and the decrees of the holy fathers, and we declare with apostolic authority that they should be deposed. About those who were ordained by simoniacs not for money but freely, since this question has now been debated for a very long time, we remove every knot of doubt, so that we permit no one henceforth to hesitate over this decree. Since the poisonous calamity of the simoniac heresy has until now grown up to such an extent that hardly any church can be found that is not corrupted in some part by this disease, we permit those who have been freely ordained already by simoniacs to remain in their orders, according not to the censure of justice but to the perspective of mercy, unless perhaps some fault from their life stands against them according to the canons. There is such a multitude of these people that since we are not able to enforce the rigour of canonical vigour upon them, it is necessary that we incline our spirit for the moment to the zeal of pious condescension. We do this on condition, however, that by the authority of the Apostles Peter and Paul we absolutely forbid that any of our successors should ever take this permission of ours as a rule for themselves or anyone else, since the authority of the ancient fathers did not promulgate this by command or concession, but the great necessity of the time extorted it from us by permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Constantia, St
    THE AGES DIGITAL LIBRARY REFERENCE CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE Constantia, St. - Czechowitzky, Martin by James Strong & John McClintock To the Students of the Words, Works and Ways of God: Welcome to the AGES Digital Library. We trust your experience with this and other volumes in the Library fulfills our motto and vision which is our commitment to you: MAKING THE WORDS OF THE WISE AVAILABLE TO ALL — INEXPENSIVELY. AGES Software Rio, WI USA Version 1.0 © 2000 2 Constantia, Saint a martyr at Nuceria, under Nero, is commemorated September 19 in Usuard's Martyrology. Constantianus, Saint abbot and recluse, was born in Auvergne in the beginning of the 6th century, and died A.D. 570. He is commemorated December 1 (Le Cointe, Ann. Eccl. Fran. 1:398, 863). Constantin, Boniface a French theologian, belonging to the Jesuit order, was born at Magni (near Geneva) in 1590, was professor of rhetoric and philosophy at Lyons, and died at Vienne, Dauphine, November 8, 1651. He wrote, Vie de Cl. de Granger Eveque et Prince dae Geneve (Lyons, 1640): — Historiae Sanctorum Angelorum Epitome (ibid. 1652), a singular work upon the history of angels. He also-wrote some other works on theology. See Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s.v.; Jocher, Allgemeines Gelehrten- Lexikon, s.v. Constantine (or Constantius), Saint is represented as a bishop, whose deposition occurred at Gap, in France. He is commemorated April 12 (Gallia Christiana 1:454). SEE CONSTANTINIUS. Constantine Of Constantinople deacon and chartophylax of the metropolitan Church of Constantinople, lived before the 8th century. There is a MS.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of The
    The History of the Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America The American Orthodox Catholic Church Old Catholic Orthodox Church Archbishop Gregory Morra, OSB Archbishop Scholarios-Gennadius III, OSB Metropolitan Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide Episcopal Imprimatur of the Holy Synod of the Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide Old Catholic Orthodox Church This history of the church is hereby released under the authority of the Holy Synod of the Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide which is a direct blood descendant of the American Orthodox Catholic Church chartered in 1927 by Metropolitan Platon and later led by Archbishop Aftimios Ofiesh of Brooklyn, New York and eventually recognized as The Holy Eastern Orthodox Catholic and Apostolic Church in North America. In its current form the Holy Synod of the Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide and the Old Catholic Orthodox Church subsidiary recognizes the contributions of the early fathers of this historic church in the person of Metropolitan-Patriarch Denis M. Garrison (Emeritus) through the lineage of Archbishop Aftimios of blessed memory as the true spiritual father of the Church. Therefore, the Holy Synod hereby confers its official imprimatur on the history of the Œcumenical Canonical Orthodox Church Worldwide as a direct historical descendant of the American Orthodox Catholic Church as outlined in this document. Archbishop Scholarios-Gennadius III, OSB Metropolitan
    [Show full text]
  • Preamble. His Excellency. Most Reverend Dom. Carlos Duarte
    Preamble. His Excellency. Most Reverend Dom. Carlos Duarte Costa was consecrated as the Roman Catholic Diocesan Bishop of Botucatu in Brazil on December !" #$%&" until certain views he expressed about the treatment of the Brazil’s poor, by both the civil (overnment and the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil caused his removal from the Diocese of Botucatu. His Excellency was subsequently named as punishment as *itular bishop of Maurensi by the late Pope Pius +, of the Roman Catholic Church in #$-.. His Excellency, Most Reverend /ord Carlos Duarte Costa had been a strong advocate in the #$-0s for the reform of the Roman Catholic Church" he challenged many of the 1ey issues such as • Divorce" • challenged mandatory celibacy for the clergy, and publicly stated his contempt re(arding. 2*his is not a theological point" but a disciplinary one 3 Even at this moment in time in an interview with 4ermany's Die 6eit magazine the current Bishop of Rome" Pope Francis is considering allowing married priests as was in the old time including lets not forget married bishops and we could quote many Bishops" Cardinals and Popes over the centurys prior to 8atican ,, who was married. • abuses of papal power, including the concept of Papal ,nfallibility, which the bishop considered a mis(uided and false dogma. His Excellency President 4et9lio Dornelles 8argas as1ed the Holy :ee of Rome for the removal of His Excellency Most Reverend Dom. Carlos Duarte Costa from the Diocese of Botucatu. *he 8atican could not do this directly. 1 | P a g e *herefore the Apostolic Nuncio to Brazil entered into an agreement with the :ecretary of the Diocese of Botucatu to obtain the resi(nation of His Excellency, Most Reverend /ord.
    [Show full text]
  • Book IV – Function of the Church: Part I – the Sacraments
    The Sacraments The Catholic Church recognizes the existence of Seven Sacraments instituted by the Lord. They are: Sacraments of Christian Initiation: Baptism, Confirmation, and the Eucharist Sacraments of Healing: Penance (Reconciliation) and Anointing of the Sick Sacraments at the Service of Communion: Holy Orders and Matrimony Code of Cannon Law: Book IV - Function of the Church: Part I - The Sacraments The Sacraments (Code of Canon Law; Cann. 840-848) Can. 840 The sacraments of the New Testament were instituted by Christ the Lord and entrusted to the Church. As actions of Christ and the Church, they are signs and means which express and strengthen the faith, render worship to God, and effect the sanctification of humanity and thus contribute in the greatest way to establish, strengthen, and manifest ecclesiastical communion. Accordingly, in the celebration of the sacraments the sacred ministers and the other members of the Christian faithful must use the greatest veneration and necessary diligence. Can. 841 Since the sacraments are the same for the whole Church and belong to the divine deposit, it is only for the supreme authority of the Church to approve or define the requirements for their validity; it is for the same or another competent authority according to the norm of can. 838 §§3 and 4 (Can. 838 §3. It pertains to the conferences of bishops to prepare and publish, after the prior review of the Holy See, translations of liturgical books in vernacular languages, adapted appropriately within the limits defined in the liturgical books themselves. §4. Within the limits of his competence, it pertains to the diocesan bishop in the Church entrusted to him to issue liturgical norms which bind everyone.) to decide what pertains to their licit celebration, administration, and reception and to the order to be observed in their celebration.
    [Show full text]
  • Parish Pastoral Council Guidelines
    PARISH PASTORAL COUNCIL GUIDELINES “Building up the Community of Believers” Archeparchy of Winnipeg 2007 ARCHEPARCHY OF WINNIPEG PARISH PASTORAL COUNCIL GUIDELINES I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................. 1 1. Origin ................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Nature................................................................................................................................. 3 3. Pastoral Character............................................................................................................ 4 4. Pastoral Reflection............................................................................................................ 5 II. CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................................................... 6 1. Membership....................................................................................................................... 6 2. Leadership ......................................................................................................................... 8 3. Executive.......................................................................................................................... 10 4. Committees ...................................................................................................................... 11 5. Meetings..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 1700 Faculties
    Book IV The Sanctifying Office of the Church Part I Sacramental Life §1700 FACULTIES The following faculties or permissions apply to all priests who are in good standing and who are incardinated in the Diocese or who have been approved by the Bishop to minister within the Diocese, even if they may be retired. In a spirit of trust and in keeping with the principle of subsidiarity, every effort has been made to extend the discretionary authority of priests in the exercise of their ministry. Whatever special faculties or permissions have been given to pastors apply also to parochial administrators (c. 540, §1). These faculties and permissions are effective August 15, 1986 and remain in effect until revoked. Special Note The information contained in this section is, in many cases, repetitious of that in previous sections and has been included here for purposes of quick reference. Users are encouraged to consult specific sections for a more complete statement of Diocesan Policy and Procedures regarding sacramental matters. §1701 BAPTISM1 1701.1. Faculty To baptize those who are fourteen years of age or older. Procedures a) Canon 862 provides that outside the case of necessity, it is not lawful to confer baptism in the territory of another without permission. b) Without this faculty it would be necessary to refer such cases to the diocesan bishop (c. 863). c) As a rule, an adult is to be baptized in his or her own parish church (c. 857, §2). d) The sacrament of baptism is not to be conferred outside a legitimate canonically erected parish church or chapel, except in the case of necessity (c.
    [Show full text]
  • Fantastic Interview
    HOME CONTACT US ABOUT US SUBSCRIBE CURRENT EDITION: Front Sunday Sermons Catholic Replies Washington Watch Prayer First Teachers From The Mail Top Stories for Thursday, September 5th, 2013: THE WANDERER E-EDITION: Past Editions: 09.05.2013 PURCHASE A SUBSCRIPTION SUBMIT AN ANNOUNCEMENT SUBMIT A NEWS RELEASE Our Lady of Guadalupe, Conejos, Colorado SUBMIT A LETTER TO THE EDITOR Interview With Cardinal Burke . Insights On The Church ABOUT US And Modern Society CONTACT US By DON FIER (Editor’s Note: Raymond Leo Cardinal Burke, prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura in Rome, who formerly served as bishop of the FAQ Diocese of La Crosse, Wis., and archbishop of the Archdiocese of St. Louis, Mo., recently spent some time in the United States. The Catholic Servant was granted the opportunity to interview His Eminence in mid-July on a variety of topics at Eternal Life’s The Church Teaches Forum in Louisville, Ky. The Catholic Servant — a Minneapolis- based newspaper — gave The Wanderer permission to reprint the interview. (Don Fier serves on the Board of Directors for The Catholic Servant and he writes the Learn Your Faithcolumn for The Wanderer.) + + + Q. Six years ago, Pope Benedict issued Summorum Pontificum, which allowed for the usage of the Tridentine Mass on a wider scale in the Church. In his accompanying letter to the bishops, the Holy Father stated that “the two Forms of the usage of the Roman Rite can be mutually enriching.” Do you see concrete benefits that have come to the Church in the past several years because ofSummorum Pontificum? A.
    [Show full text]
  • Blessed Sacrament, Wichita, KS B 4C 02-0858 Pam Hesse FRANKLIN 648-4377 LAW OFFICE Joni J
    Blessed Sacrament CATHOLIC CHURCH July 25, 2021 The Seventeenth Sunday in Ordinary Time John 6:1-15 Fr. Andrew Heiman Pastor Fr. Matt Siegman Parochial Vicar Mass Times Sacraments and Stewardship Monday - Friday When I talk about stewardship, I often think of the 6:30am & 8am “time, talent, and treasure” formula that people my age learned Thursday 5:30pm growing up in Catholic schools. More recently, the diocese has (Extraordinary Form) recognized that stewardship is “the grateful response of a Saturday Christian disciple who recognizes and receives God’s gifts and 6:30am & 4pm shares these gifts in love of God and neighbor.” We can easily Sunday apply this definition to our time, talent, and treasure: After we 6:30am, 9am (streamed), focus our attention, we recognize the vast multitude of gifts we receive from God 11am, & 5:30pm every day. Confession When we try to apply that definition of stewardship to the rest of our lives, Monday - Friday though, it gets a little harder. Time, talent, and treasure give us a nice, clean 7:30-7:50am workspace. But if we limit our stewardship to these categories, we run the risk of Saturday 3-3:50pm getting ourselves stuck in a box. In reality, the entirety of our life is a gift from God. Sunday during Masses The only worthy response is to give ourselves entirely over to God. We can’t settle if a priest is available. for just giving God one hour of my Sunday. That’s only 0.6% of the week, for those who are counting.
    [Show full text]
  • The Subjective Element of Crime: a Comparison Between Ecclesiastical, and Belgian Criminal Law
    The Subjective Element of Crime: a Comparison between Ecclesiastical, and Belgian Criminal Law Word count: 36,697 Raphael Maesschalck Student number: 01204319 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Jan Verplaetse Co-supervisor: Prof. Dr. Tom Vander Beken A dissertation submitted to Ghent University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Laws Academic year: 2017 - 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS — DUTCH Een woord van dank gaat uit naar: - Mijn promotor, Prof. dr. Jan Verplaetse, wiens ideeën mij lieten durven denken, voor het interessante onderwerp; - Dr. William Richardson, voor het aanreiken van een literatuurlijst, het beantwoorden van mijn (vele) chaotische vragen en het ter beschikking stellen van verhelderende inzichten tijdens onze gesprekken; - Prof. em. dr. Ruud Huysmans, voor het delen zijn expertise en visie en de tijd die hij daarvoor vrijmaakte; - Mr. Eric De Wilde, voor het mij wegwijs maken in het doolhof van de bijzondere faculteit kerkelijk recht te Leuven en het gebruikelijke kopje koffie; - Mr. Philippe Tobback, niet alleen voor het ter beschikking stellen van een geairconditioneerde werkplaats in de moordende zomerhitte, maar vooral voor alle steun en hulp die mij steeds opnieuw werd aangeboden; - Dr. Nigel Coles, mr. Martin Jones en mr. Nils Van Damme, voor het nalezen dit werk; - Mijn vader, voor de economische en morele steun; - En tenslotte mijn moeder, voor veel meer dan dat wat een louter dankwoord verdient. !2 !3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS — DUTCH____________________________________ 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS______________________________________________ 4 GENERAL INTRODUCTION___________________________________________ 7 CHAPTER I: Introduction to the Legal and Institutional Frameworks____________ 9 1 The Church and Ecclesiastical Criminal Law.................................................................. 9 1.1 The Church as a Spiritual and Governing Institution..............................................
    [Show full text]
  • RAPID CITY PMD 2019 Conference One
    RAPID CITY PMD 2019 Conference One RECONCILE DIFFERENCES UNITE MISSION AND COMMUNION CONFIRM THE HOLY SPIRIT, CONTINUE HEALING, SUSTAIN LIFE-TIME COMMITTMENT Purpose Model Principles IF ANY MODEL OF LEADERSHIP DOESN’T WORK AS THE CHURCH HERSELF WORKS, IT WON’T WORK MISSION DIOCESE TO A DIOCESE WITH A MISSION TOP TEN • 1. Post-conciliar models of consultation • 2. • 3. as it relates to the structure and • 4. governance of parishes within the • 5. diocese and the implementation of • 6. • 7. the vison and purpose of the • 8. diocesan pastoral plan. • 9. • 10. committees and meetings Fundamental Theology Fundamental Anthropology 50 Parish Finance Council Council Liturgy Committee Stewardship Committee Community Building Life Committee Committee STANDARDIZED NAMES DEFINITIONS ROLES RESPONSIBILITIES FOUNDATIONSacred Scripture PRINCIPLES EPHESUS EPHESUS EPHESUS Establishment of structure, governance and authority in the Cathoic Church Information from the field informs an forms There is a Head There is a Body Those who discuss Those who decide Pope (St. Peter) HEADS Bishop (Apostles) (mission field) Pastor BODY Faith Pope – College of Bishops Bishop – Consultors, Presbyteral Council, Staff Pastors – Parish Councils, Finance Councils, family, friends, etc. Head Body offers makes information decision to decision maker ARRRGG! Majority rule Executive privilege Head Body makes decision makes sure the decision is best for the head and the body authority wisdom UNITED ONE HOLY CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC Heaven Already Heaven yet not Heaven Temporal Mystical Mystical Temporal Vertical Vertical Horizontal Hierarchical+++++++++++ **Relat onal ** Fundamentally Foundationally anthropological theological Corporate Corporeal CIVIL LAW CANON LAW Blur effective consultation, collaboration & consensus Abruptly end consultation with hard words of law & authority Head DecidesAdvises Body CONSULTATION IS ABOUT THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH CONSULTATION The people of God have a right to full and active participation in the mission of the Jesus Christ through the ministry of the Church.
    [Show full text]
  • Canonlaw No.1No.1
    CATHOLICS FOR A FREE CHOICE CATHOLICSCATHOLICS ANDAND ABORTIONABORTION NOTES ON CANONLAW NO.1NO.1 If you are interested in this subject, you might also be interested in the following CFFC publications on Catholics and reproductive choice: • You Are Not Alone—Information for Catholic Women about the Abortion Decision • Reflections of a Catholic Theologian on Visiting an Abortion Clinic, by Daniel C. Maguire • The Facts Tell the Story: Catholics and Choice For order information, please call +1 (202) 986-6093 or visit the publications section of our webpage www.catholicsforchoice.org 1 INTRODUCTION Canon law, the Catholic church’s internal law, is a subject most Catholics think they will never need to study. However, the hotly debated and politically polarized issue of abortion has resulted in substantial public assertions about canon law and abortion, both in the case of women who have had abortions and Catholic legislators and activists who have favored legal abortion. Everyone is an expert, claiming that prochoice Catholics are “heretics” or have been “excommunicated” because they have had an abortion or have supported legal abortion. Such finger pointing may be politically useful, but it is not an honest way to deal with differences of belief about abortion. What does the church’s law really say about abortion? We have produced this pamphlet to explain the basics of canon law as it relates to abortion and to clarify what church punishments apply and when they apply. Whether you are a woman who has had an abortion, a doctor who has performed an abortion, a clinic escort, a prochoice legislator, or an interested “person in the pew,” we hope this publication will help you.
    [Show full text]