Library Highlights Latest Titles: October 2005

These titles can be consulted in the UNHCR Library Reading Room (located in the Visitors’ Centre, 94 rue de Montbrillant, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland). For any information, please contact the Library Information Desk, +41 22 739 83 19, email: [email protected]

Children of Palestine : experiencing forced migration in the Middle East / Chatty, D. (ed.); Lewando Hundt, G. (ed.). - New York (NY); Oxford (United Kingdom) : Berghahn, 2005. - xiii, 274 p. : fig., tabl., maps, bibl., index. - (Studies in forced migration / Castles, S. (ed.), Chatty, D. (ed.) ; vol. 16) ISBN : 1-84545-120-1

INDEX TERMS : Palestinians; child ; adolescents; forced migration; social conditions; living conditions; experiences; refugee camps; psycho-social problems; testimonies; UNRWA GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Middle East; Palestine; Lebanon; Jordan; Syrian Arab Republic

Palestinian children have been living a temporary existence with their caregivers inside and outside refugee camps in the Middle East for half a century. They have been stereotyped in both the academic and popular imagination. This study attempts to go beyond the stereotypes and takes a holistic approach to examine the consequences of forced migration and prolonged conflict on children when they and their families are uprooted and forced to move. It reveals how forced migration and poverty affect the rites of passage from childhood to adult status and how the transformations of family organization and structure, marriage, employment and care of the elderly are changed and adapted to suit new circumstances. Though the narratives of coping with conflict and forced migration are personal and family experiences, yet, they are shaped by structural violence, displacement, curfew, unemployment, social discrimination, restricted access to travel and education and lack of civil rights and citizenship.

Exiles from European revolutions : refugees in mid-Victorian England / Freitag, S. (ed.). - New York (NY) : Berghahn, 2003. - 328 p. ISBN : 1-57181-330-6

INDEX TERMS : exiles; women; Italians; French nationals; Hungarians; Germans; political asylum; national refugee law; revolution; socialism; history; political refugees GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Europe; United Kingdom

This historical account looks at French, Italian, Polish, Czech and German political refugees who fled to England after the European revolutions of 1848/49. The contributors investigate and analyse the national peculiarities and mutualities of various exile communities and their interaction with the host country. They examine various aspects of refugee lives in exile and the opportunities for political activities and political cooperation that existed between exiles of different European countries on one hand and with organizations and politics in England on the other. This historical survey seeks to stimulate further discussion about exclusion and inclusion within the context of political asylum.

The face of human rights / Kälin, W.; Müller, L.; Wyttenbach, J. - Baden : Lars Müller, 2004. - 719 p. ISBN : 3-03778-017-7

INDEX TERMS : displaced persons; refugee rights; right to life; right to food; right to health; right to housing; right to education; freedom of conscience; freedom of expression; civil and political rights; discrimination; cultural identity; human rights covenants 1966; basic human standards; photographs

Human rights are an attribute of every human being. They are the legal entitlements of individuals against the state, guaranteed by for the purposes of protecting the fundamental needs and dignity of every individual in peace and war. As normative values they provide a yardstick for measuring and evaluating reality. This book aims to visualize the different dimensions of human rights and contains a series of photographs that celebrate the enjoyment of human rights and a life of freedom and dignity across cultures. The accompanying texts document, explain and detail the human rights standards as defined by international law and applied in practice and their violation. The texts and visuals also include international organizations and international and local NGOs working at different levels to prevent, sanction and redress human rights violations.

The Hague : legal capital of the world / Van Krieken, P.J. (ed.); McKay, D. (ed.). - The Hague (The Netherlands) : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. - xix, 569 p. : photos, bibl., index ISBN : 90-6704-185-8

INDEX TERMS : international criminal law; disarmament; peacekeeping; conflict resolution; international organizations; international instruments; international humanitarian law; history; treaties; law of armed conflict; international private law; courts; international criminal tribunals; ICJ; CWC93; BTWC72; OSCE GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : The Netherlands

Towards the end of the 19th century there was a general recognition that the world order would be better served if relations between states were guided by universally accepted rules. Netherlands played an important part in the subsequent process of institution building. After World War 2, the International Court of Justice was assigned to The Hague giving Netherlands international recognition of its affinity with international law. In recent times The Hague has been home to international courts such as the Iran-US Claims Tribunal and the International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia. This volume examines the various international institutions in The Hague and their role in today's system of international law. By providing a scholarly analysis of over a century of developments in The Hague, the authors put current institutions in a historical and legal context. This volume also details the various international issues covered by various courts in The Hague. These include conflict resolution, international criminal law, arms control and international private law.

Haitian refugees forced to return : transnationalism and state politics, 1991-1994 / Opitz, G.-D. - Münster (Germany) : Lit, 2004. - 383 p. : ill. Doctoral Thesis, University of Munich, summer semester 1998 ISBN : 3-8258-4544-3

INDEX TERMS : refugees; Haitians; political situation; repression; armed intervention; coup d'etat; government in exile; negociation; social collectivities; interethnic relations; self-determination; social classes; denial of refugee status GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Haiti; United States

This study examines the Haitian refugee crisis between 1991 and 1994 as a process that linked together Haiti and the US, when the intense political pressure for political negotiation to end the civil war triggered a steam of refugees bound for the US. The study takes an interdisciplinary approach to examine this crisis at three different levels of analysis: first, the level of bilateral relations between Haiti and the US embedded in an international context; second, the level of nationalistic organizing by Haitian immigrants in New York oriented towards Haiti; and third, the level of ethnic organizing directed towards the host country. The Haitian refugee crisis represents a social field of bi-directional and reciprocal patterns of stimuli and responses which was affected by both international actors and trans-national formations. The aim of this study is to evaluate if the crisis had a unifying effect on the Haitian community in New York and how this process was shaped by socially constructed categories of nation, race, ethnicity and class.

Human cargo, a journey among refugees / Moorehead, C. - London : Chatto and Windus, 2005. - 324 p. ISBN : 0-7011-7595-8

INDEX TERMS : Liberians; Palestininians; women refugees; child refugees; internally displaced persons; asylum seekers; illegal immigrants; boat people; detention of immigrants; borders; asylum policy; policy; exile; refugee camps; living conditions; refugee experiences; testimonies; migrants GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Egypt; Guinea; Italy; United States; Mexico; Lebanon; United Kingdom; Australia; Finland

In this book, the author, an investigative journalist, exposes the West's view of and attitude towards asylum seekers. Through first-person testimonies of refugees, the author pieces together an account of human trafficking throughout the last century and the courage, inhumanity and tragedy that accompany it. She recounts the loneliness, fear and despair that accompany displacement and the profound dislocation experienced by refugees everywhere. The author takes us from the Mexican-Californian border to the draconian refugee responses of the Australian government. She talks of the Liberian boat people who fled ethnic cleansing to Sicily and visits African refugees in Cairo living in inhumane conditions while their applications are reviewed by an overburdened UNHCR. She discusses the condition of Sudanese Dinka families settled in the Arctic Circle, who can never go home, and struggle to live and adjust to their environment. The refugee-plight reveals the human consequences of depersonalized asylum policies. The western paranoia of a growing influx of refugees is based on a false premise. Only 2 to 3 per cent of the world's population are now international migrants and this figure has remained constant in the last 50 years. European countries continue to spend more money in strengthening borders against migrants, refugees and asylum seekers than in contributing to UNHCR to relieve their plight.

Internal displacement in South Asia : the relevance of the UN's guiding principles / Banerjee, P.; Kumar Das, S.; Basu Ray Chaudhury, S. - New Delhi : Sage, 2005. - 370 p. : tabl. ISBN : 0-7619-3329-8

INDEX TERMS : refugees; victims of conflict; environmental refugees; stateless refugees; causes of flight; political problems; natural disasters; genocide; living conditions; human rights; UN; internally displaced persons; internal displacement; womens rights; humanitarian assistance; emergency relief; case studies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : South Asia; Afghanistan; Pakistan; India; Bangladesh; Burma; Nepal; Sri Lanka

This volume deals with issues of displacement due to development policies and internal conflict and violence. The contributors highlight the unprecedented growth of internally displaced people in South Asia and discuss the unique phenomenon of internal displacement in the light of the United Nations' Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. They present detailed case studies of India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Burma and Afghanistan and examine the legal and administrative practices of care, protection and justice prevalent in these countries. On the basis of these practices and a gender dimension and a political perspective, the contributors provide a comparative understanding of internal displacement in the South Asian region. Their aim is to encourage policy makers, human rights and humanitarian activists and social scientists to focus on emerging vulnerable circumstances and vulnerable groups, to put in place early warning systems and work on crucial policy measures that will help countries deal with humanitarian disaster.

International law in world politics : an introduction / Scott, Shirley V. - London : Lynne Rienner, 2004. - 325 p. ISBN : 1-58826-174-3

INDEX TERMS : international law; international humanitarian law; human rights; environment; state; multilateral treaties; peace; terrorism; international cooperation; armed forces; international relations; politics; UN

As international law increasingly becomes a referral for a globalized world, there is a greater need to gain appreciation of the mechanism by which interstate and trans-national links are forged and maintained. However, international law, although an integral part of world politics with a system of interrelated rules, principles and concepts, is also to a large extent autonomous. This book deals with both these elements in the complex relationship between international law and world politics. The author covers core topics as the nature of legal argument, the negotiation and implementation of multilateral treaties, the place of the UN, intergovernmental organizations and non-state actors in the international legal system. The author also connects the actual content of laws dealing with human rights, the use of force, the environment and genocide to current issues and problems through case studies.

The lost boys of Sudan : an American story of the refugee experience / Bixler, M. - Athens (GA); London : University of Georgia Press, 2005. - xvi, 261 p. : map, photos, bibl., index ISBN : 0-8203-2499-X

INDEX TERMS : child refugees; unaccompanied minors; orphans; armed conflict; civil war; refugee experiences; living conditions; resettlement programmes; asylum policy; education; anthropology; Sudanese; orphans; integration; testimonies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Sudan; United States

This documentary narrative chronicles the refugee experience of four young boys, amongst the thousands that were orphaned and lost in the civil war that ravaged Sudan since 1983, and their resettlement in Atlanta, Georgia. Thirty-eight hundred boys were flown for resettlement to the United States as a demonstration of US humanitarian aid. The author follows the journey, the excitement and disorientation of four tribal, traditional and traumatized boys as they face countless challenges of rehabilitation in a strange new place. It is a story of personal triumph over adversity. The author also explores the working of the US foreign policy, its refugee policy and policies of international aid, and the history of Sudan.

The new Albanian migration / King, R. (ed.); Mai, N. (ed.); Schwandner-Sievers, S. (ed.). - Brighton (United Kingdom); Portland (OR) : Sussex Academic Press, 2005. - vi, 218 p. : tabl., maps, bibl., index ISBN : 1-903900-78-6

INDEX TERMS : Albanians; return migration; economic conditions; remittances; foreign policy; immigrants; migrants; case studies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Albania; Greece; Italy; United States

This book on Albanian migration examines the most significant East-West migration since the collapse of the Soviet bloc. It addresses its temporal and spatial dynamics, the implications of migration for Albanian society and economic development and its effects on the destination countries. The mass exodus that started in the 1990s continues, mainly to Greece and Italy, and increasingly to other European countries and to North America. In this volume, researchers apply multidisciplinary approaches to study this phenomenon and cover the causes, chronology and theorization of this emigration; the experiences of Albanian immigrants in their host countries; the prospects of return migration; and the strategic use of remittances to stimulate the Albanian economy.

The politics of forced migration: a conceptual, operational and legal analysis / Nachmias, N. (ed.); Goldstein, R. (ed.). - Baltimore (MD) : Publishamerica, 2004. - 429 p. : tabl., ill., index ISBN : 1-4137-3196-1

INDEX TERMS : refugees; internally displaced persons; asylum seekers; Afghans; Rwandans; Palestinians; armed conflict; forced migration; humanitarian intervention; armed intervention; sovereignty; CSR51; UNHCR; UN; NGOs; Red Cross; UNRWA; NATO; government; agents of persecution; terrorism; genocide; right to return; human rights violations; case studies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Asia; Africa; Middle East; Europe; Afghanistan; Rwanda; Yugoslavia

Specialist, academics, legal experts and NGOs have come together in this volume to offer their insights on the current fractured and often incoherent international response to humanitarian emergencies. They point out the gaps and inequities in the current international system and comment on the variety of proposals and recommendations made for improving the refugee and IDP system. They introduce new paradigms for dealing with forced migration that range from an evolutionary approach that builds upon the current system to a more radical restructuring to address the challenges facing forced migrants in the 21st century. The first part of the book addresses concepts and theories and these identify and review the major factors determining the outcome of humanitarian intervention. The second part includes discussions of four case studies representing Afghanistan, Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Palestinian refugees. This comparative approach helps in a better evaluation of the strategies and tactics used by assistance providers. The main topics covered in this volume include: coercive and non-coercive humanitarian intervention, human rights, the increased role of civil society and NGOs, the political and legal status of refugees and IDPs, the various strategic and tactical instruments available and the circumstances that hinder assistance operations.

Poverty, international migration and asylum / Borjas, G.J. (ed.); Crisp, J. (ed.). - Helsinki : Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. - 445p. : graph., tabl., index. - (Studies in development economics and policy series) In association with the United Nations University_ World Institute for Development Economics Research ISBN : 1-4039-4365-6

INDEX TERMS : international migration; human trafficking; immigration policy; economic integration; receiving country; country of origin; illegal immigration; asylum policy; poverty; asylum seekers; case studies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : ; Denmark; Sweden; Jordan; Australia; Europe; Argentina; Mexico; United States

The trend towards increased international migration is a consequence of globalization and continued economic disparities between different countries. While globalization boosts the pull factors of migration, poverty, environmental degradation and political instability fuel the push factors. The contributors to this volume present a historical, empirical and statistical overview of asylum migration and focus on its changing nature that includes the origins of asylum seekers, their preferred destinations, their demographic and socio- economic profile and the causes and motivation for asylum migration. They establish a typology of asylum migration and analyse its impact for both receiving and sending states. The volume is divided into three parts. Part 1 analyses from a global perspective various issues in asylum and immigration policy, part 2 addresses its consequences and Part 3 contains eight case studies that examine immigration and asylum in particular geographic settings. All these chapters illustrate that the debate over poverty, international migration and asylum raise issues of fundamental policy importance with global implications.

Rights in exile: Janus-faced humanitarism / Verdirame, G.; Harrell-Bond, B. - Oxford (United Kingdom); New York (NY) : Berghahn Books, 2005. - 385 p. : bibl. - (Studies in Forced Migration ; vol. 17) ISBN : 1-57181-526-0

INDEX TERMS : refugees; refugee law; refugee definitions; refugee status determination; receiving country; humanitarian assistance; cessation clauses; exclusion clauses; admission policy; advocacy; donors; refugee camps; agents of persecution; human rights violations; durable solutions; refugee protection; OAU; UNHCR; NGOs; research; case studies GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Africa; Kenya; Uganda

Based on ethnographic data, this book is a reality check, exposing the gap between human rights norms and the mandates of international organizations to protect them, on the one hand, and their violation on the other. The authors make a critical analysis of the international human rights and refugee law compliance in Kenya and Uganda They investigate the extent to which refugee rights were violated in refugee camps and ways in which these violations are perpetrated by a range of actors, including governments and aid organizations. The research on which this book is based constitutes a long-term empirical study of violations of the full spectrum of human rights within a country with respect to a particular social group. It details examples of failure to accord to such refugees respect for their human dignity. The authors identify the synergy of dysfunctions amongst the various actors dealing with refugees and establish link to the entrenchment of segregation and encampment of refugees that strip them of their rights or access to an effective advocate.They believe that the solution to the refugee problem is to look for more durable solutions that focus on refugee integration.

This place will become home : refugee repatriation to Ethiopia / Hammond, L. C. - Ithaca (NY); London : Cornell University Press, 2004. - xi, 257 p. : maps, tabl., photos, ill., bibl., index ISBN : 0-8014-4307-5

INDEX TERMS : refugees; returnees; Ethiopians; forced migration; refugee camps; armed conflict; testimonies; religion; economics; politics; resistance movements; voluntary repatriation; community development; UNHCR; camps; Changes of circumstances in home country; anthropology; research GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS : Ethiopia; Sudan

This book discusses refugee repatriation and post-return life in Ethiopia's post-war reconstruction. The end of the civil war between the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and the Ethiopian Derg government army precipitated the return of exiles living in Sudan. Through the use of material gathered from primary sources, the author's personal experience and research observations over the past decade, the author demonstrates, how return immigrants, located at the fringes of political and economic control and influence, transformed an unknown and anonymous space of Ada Bai into 'home'. The process involved two conceptually distinct but inter-twined sub-processes. The first was emplacement and transforming an unfamiliar physical space into a personalized and social area. The second was that of community formation through creative action and structural transformation. The author concludes by underlining the importance of the anthropological and social science discourse on the study of forced migration and its link to social change, community formation, identity and the role of place in cultural studies. These links will allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the obstacles and challenges that return migrants face in the reconstruction of their lives.

Transitional settlement, displaced populations / Corsellis, T. (ed.); Vitale, A. (ed.). - Oxford (United Kingdom) : Oxfam GB ; Cambridge (United Kingdom) : University of Cambridge shelterproject, 2005. - xi, 464 p. : fig., tabl., maps, bibl., index ISBN : 0-85598-534-8

INDEX TERMS : internally displaced persons; settlement workers; local settlement programmes; spontaneous settlements; resettlement programmes; temporary shelter; armed conflict; natural disasters; refugee assistance; needs assessment; planning; refugee-agency personnel; UNHCR; UN Specialized agencies; refugees in transit; safety zones; camp management; protection of camps; organized settlements

This book is targeted to coordinators and specialists involved with humanitarian relief and the transitional settlement needs of displaced people and their hosts. It attempts at guidelines for a consensus approach in the aid community for coordination and implementation of shelter options for displaced populations that extend beyond refugee camps. Well-planned settlements can maximize the protection and security of the displaced, control the spread of disease, manage natural resources sustainably and maintain good relations with host countries until durable solutions are achieved. The guidelines are divided into two sections: part one gives a broad overview of the issues relating to transitional settlement, and the six settlement options that are open to displaced populations and part two offers technical information as reference for the implementation of transitional settlement options. The book contains a glossary list of agreed terms and definitions for use in the transitional settlement sector; acronyms; a CD containing training modules; an annotated resource list of key texts relevant to decision making about transitional settlements in the field; and a comprehensive bibliography and list of sources.

UNHCR/WFP Joint assessment guidelines (with tools and resource materials) / United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; World Food Programme. - Geneva : UNHCR ; Rome : WFP, 2004/06. - xviii, 338 p. : tabl. With a CD-ROM: Joint assessment guidelines and related reference documents

INDEX TERMS : refugees; needs assessment; monitoring; emergency relief; health; food; repatriation; reintegration; information; UNHCR; assistance programmes; international cooperation; implementing partners; WFP; guidelines; manuals; evaluation

These guidelines, result of a partnership between UNHCR and WFP, examine food and non-food aspects relevant to food security to capitalize on opportunities to increase self-reliance. The guidelines focus on refugees, returnees and internally displaced persons and highlight practical approaches to their problems. They provide useful tools and resource materials for joint UNHCR and WFP assessment activities of refugee needs and ensure adherence to agreed procedures and standards, the consistent production of reliable information and the effective use and analysis of that information. This improved design and impact is to facilitate resource mobilization and help ensure the best possible use of available resources for the benefit of the refugees. These guidelines are presented in two parts. Part 1 covers overview and procedures and part 2 presents guidance and tools for assessment teams. The annex to the Guidelines includes outlines of terms of reference and report formats for assessment teams and a list of documents on a CD-ROM.