DOCSLIB.ORG

Evolutionary Link with Arthropod Hemocyanins and Insect Hexamerins (Phenoloxidase͞ecdysozoa)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evolutionary Link with Arthropod Hemocyanins and Insect Hexamerins (Phenoloxidase͞ecdysozoa) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 96, pp. 2013–2018, March 1999 Biochemistry Cryptocyanin, a crustacean molting protein: Evolutionary link with arthropod hemocyanins and insect hexamerins (phenoloxidaseyEcdysozoa) NORA B. TERWILLIGER*†,LAWRENCE DANGOTT‡, AND MARGARET RYAN* *Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, University of Oregon, Charleston, OR 97420 and Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403; and ‡Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77801 Edited by K. E. van Holde, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, and approved December 10, 1998 (received for review September 14, 1998) ABSTRACT Cryptocyanin, a copper-free hexameric pro- known as larval serum proteins or storage proteins because of tein in crab (Cancer magister) hemolymph, has been charac- their high concentrations in larval stages and incorporation terized and the amino acid sequence has been deduced from into new body structures, including cuticle, during metamor- its cDNA. It is markedly similar in sequence, size, and phosis or nonfeeding periods of adult development (6, 8, 9). structure to hemocyanin, the copper-containing oxygen- Although these insect hemolymph proteins lack a binuclear transport protein found in many arthropods. Cryptocyanin copper-binding site, a common ancestral molecule for the does not bind oxygen, however, and lacks three of the six highly copper-containing hemocyanins and the copperless hexam- conserved copper-binding histidine residues of hemocyanin. erins has been postulated based on sequence similarities, Cryptocyanin has no phenoloxidase activity, although a phe- subunit size, hexameric shape, and a conserved exon–intron noloxidase is present in the hemolymph. The concentration of boundary (7, 10–14). cryptocyanin in the hemolymph is closely coordinated with the We have found a protein in crustacean blood that reaches molt cycle and reaches levels higher than hemocyanin during hemolymph concentrations even greater than hemocyanin premolt. Cryptocyanin resembles insect hexamerins in the during each molt cycle of C. magister and disappears from the lack of copper, molt cycle patterns of biosynthesis, and hemolymph during intermolt. It is so structurally similar to potential contributions to the new exoskeleton. Phylogenetic hemocyanin that early studies often overlooked it. Because this analysis of sequence similarities between cryptocyanin and protein masquerades as hemocyanin in structure but neither other members of the hemocyanin gene family shows that combines reversibly with oxygen nor has the 340 nm absor- cryptocyanin is closely associated with crustacean hemocya- bance maximum characteristic of oxyhemocyanin, we have nins and suggests that cryptocyanin arose as a result of a named it cryptocyanin. A ‘‘nonrespiratory protein’’ had been hemocyanin gene duplication. The presence of both hemocy- noted previously in hemolymph of several crustaceans and anin and cryptocyanin in one animal provides an example of chelicerates (15–21) but has not been fully characterized. A how insect hexamerins might have evolved from hemocyanin. large protein like cryptocyanin present in such high concen- Our results suggest that multiple members of the hemocyanin trations in the circulation must have profound effects on many gene family—hemocyanin, cryptocyanin, phenoloxidase, and aspects of arthropod physiology including cardiovascular func- hexamerins—may participate in two vital functions of molting tion and ion regulation. It may also participate in forming the animals, oxygen binding and molting. Cryptocyanin may new exoskeleton during the molt, similar to some insect provide important molecular data to further investigate evo- hexamerins. Could this crustacean protein resolve the evolu- lutionary relationships among all molting animals. tionary link between the oxyhemocyanins and the insect hexamerins? Another arthropod protein, phenoloxidase, has recently Hemocyanin, the blue copper-containing oxygen-transport been shown to have a close structural relationship to hemo- molecule, usually is described as the predominant protein in cyanin (22–25). Arthropod prophenoloxidases contain the the hemolymph of many crustaceans. It has been reported to . copper A (CuA) and copper B (CuB) binding sites of arthro- contribute 90% of the total hemolymph protein. The prop- pod hemocyanins, and they share sequence similarities with erties of this large extracellular oligomer, found in three classes arthropod hemocyanins and hexamerins. Proteins with phe- of Arthropoda (Crustacea, Chelicerata, and Myriapoda), have noloxidase (tyrosinase) activity are widely distributed among been extensively studied for many years, as have those of the animals, plants, fungi, and prokaryotes (26). They incorporate structurally distinct but functionally similar molluscan hemo- oxygen into other molecules, converting monophenols to cyanin (for review, see refs. 1–3). Cancer magister, the Dunge- o-diphenols and diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones. In ness crab, contains a typical arthropod hemocyanin. Its six ' ' arthropods, phenoloxidases function in defense responses and heterogeneous subunits, ranging from 82 to 67 kDa, as- in exoskeleton sclerotization at ecdysis. Molluscan hemocya- semble into two distinct populations of molecules, 16S hex- nins have phenoloxidase activity (27, 28), as do arthropod amers and 25S two-hexamers (4, 5), that are not in association– hemocyanins, although the latter must be activated by partial dissociation equilibria with one another. Each subunit con- unfolding or proteolysis (refs. 29 and 30; N.B.T., H. Decker, tains one binuclear copper site and combines reversibly with and M.R., unpublished data). Some crustaceans and insects one molecule of oxygen. have a separate prophenoloxidase in hemolymph andyor blood Insects lack a functional hemocyanin. This class of Ar- cells, which must be activated to phenoloxidase via a series of thropoda does have other hemolymph proteins, the hexam- erins, whose quaternary structures resemble hexameric hemo- This paper was submitted directly (Track II) to the Proceedings office. cyanin (for review, see refs. 6 and 7). Some hexamerins are also Abbreviations: CuA and CuB, copper binding sites in arthropod hemocyanins. The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge Data deposition: The sequence reported in this paper has been deposited in the GenBank database (accession no. AF091261). payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked ‘‘advertisement’’ in †To whom reprint requests should be addressed at: Oregon Institute accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. of Marine Biology, Boat Basin Drive, Charleston, OR 97420. e-mail: PNAS is available online at www.pnas.org. [email protected]. 2013 Downloaded by guest on October 1, 2021 2014 Biochemistry: Terwilliger et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) proteolytic reactions (31, 32). Does cryptocyanin exhibit any razoliumy5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (NBTyBCIP; phenoloxidase activity? Zymed). In this study, we have characterized purified cryptocyanin of Amino Acid Sequence Analysis. Cryptocyanin was further C. magister, determined its cDNA sequence, and compared its purified after BioGel A-1.5m chromatography by C4 reverse derived amino acid sequence with those of arthropod hemo- phase HPLC. HPLC-purified cryptocyanin and two cyanogen cyanins, hexamerins, and prophenoloxidases to explore their bromide fragments were submitted to automated Edman structural, functional, and evolutionary relationships. We have degradation on an Applied Biosystems Model 477A modified also begun to investigate the expression of cryptocyanin gas-phase sequenator equipped with an on-line Applied Bio- throughout the molt cycle of juvenile and adult crabs. We find systems 120A PTH amino acid analyzer (Worcester Founda- a close synchrony between stage of molt cycle and hemolymph tion Protein Sequencing Center). SDSyPAGE-purified cryp- levels of cryptocyanin that suggests that cryptocyanin is a tocyanin band 1 was excised from Immobilon membranes after hormonally regulated molting protein. Thus, cryptocyanin and electroblotting and sequenced on an Applied Biosystems related molecules may provide important molecular data to Model 470A liquid-phase protein sequenator and an Applied further investigate the monophyly of the newly proposed clade Biosystems Model 120 PTH Analyzer (University of Oregon of molting animals, the Ecdysozoa (33), in addition to enhanc- Biotechnology Laboratory). ing our understanding of the molecular phylogeny of the PCR Amplification of Cryptocyanin cDNA. Hypodermis, hemocyanins. muscle, and hepatopancreas tissues from C. magister were dissected and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. RNA was MATERIALS AND METHODS isolated by using the SNAP total RNA isolation kit (Invitro- gen). Reverse transcription–PCR was carried out as in ref. 39. Animals. Adult and juvenile C. magister (Dana) were col- Degenerate PCR primers were designed based on the cryp- lected from Coos Bay, Oregon, and maintained in running tocyanin N-terminal and CNBr fragment amino acid se- seawater at ambient temperature and salinity at the Oregon quences. The sense primer was 59-CGG-ATC-CGA-TyCGA- Institute of Marine Biology. GyACC-AyGyTyCGA-TyCGG-AyGyTyCG-39; the antisense Protein Purification. Fresh hemolymph was purified by primer was 59-GGA-ATT-CCG-AGyAyCA-GyAAyGG- BioGel A-1.5m column chromatography as in ref. 19. Fractions GGA-TGA-ACyAyGA-C-39. These primers allowed
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Micro-Moth Grading Guidelines (Scotland) Abhnumber Code
    Micro-moth Grading Guidelines (Scotland) Scottish Adult Mine Case ABHNumber Code Species Vernacular List Grade Grade Grade Comment 1.001 1 Micropterix tunbergella 1 1.002 2 Micropterix mansuetella Yes 1 1.003 3 Micropterix aureatella Yes 1 1.004 4 Micropterix aruncella Yes 2 1.005 5 Micropterix calthella Yes 2 2.001 6 Dyseriocrania subpurpurella Yes 2 A Confusion with fly mines 2.002 7 Paracrania chrysolepidella 3 A 2.003 8 Eriocrania unimaculella Yes 2 R Easier if larva present 2.004 9 Eriocrania sparrmannella Yes 2 A 2.005 10 Eriocrania salopiella Yes 2 R Easier if larva present 2.006 11 Eriocrania cicatricella Yes 4 R Easier if larva present 2.007 13 Eriocrania semipurpurella Yes 4 R Easier if larva present 2.008 12 Eriocrania sangii Yes 4 R Easier if larva present 4.001 118 Enteucha acetosae 0 A 4.002 116 Stigmella lapponica 0 L 4.003 117 Stigmella confusella 0 L 4.004 90 Stigmella tiliae 0 A 4.005 110 Stigmella betulicola 0 L 4.006 113 Stigmella sakhalinella 0 L 4.007 112 Stigmella luteella 0 L 4.008 114 Stigmella glutinosae 0 L Examination of larva essential 4.009 115 Stigmella alnetella 0 L Examination of larva essential 4.010 111 Stigmella microtheriella Yes 0 L 4.011 109 Stigmella prunetorum 0 L 4.012 102 Stigmella aceris 0 A 4.013 97 Stigmella malella Apple Pigmy 0 L 4.014 98 Stigmella catharticella 0 A 4.015 92 Stigmella anomalella Rose Leaf Miner 0 L 4.016 94 Stigmella spinosissimae 0 R 4.017 93 Stigmella centifoliella 0 R 4.018 80 Stigmella ulmivora 0 L Exit-hole must be shown or larval colour 4.019 95 Stigmella viscerella
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera on the Introduced Robinia Pseudoacacia in Slovakia, Central Europe
    Check List 8(4): 709–711, 2012 © 2012 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Lepidoptera on the introduced Robinia pseudoacacia in PECIES S OF ISTS L Slovakia, Central Europe Miroslav Kulfan E-mail: [email protected] Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, Mlynská dolina B-1, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia. Abstract: Robinia pseudoacacia A current checklist of Lepidoptera that utilize as a hostplant in Slovakia (Central Europe) faunalis provided. community. The inventory Two monophagous is based on species, a bibliographic the leaf reviewminers andMacrosaccus new unreported robiniella data and from Parectopa southwest robiniella Slovakia., and Thethe polyphagouslist includes 35pest Lepidoptera Hyphantria species cunea belonging to 10 families. Most species are polyphagous and belong to Euro-Siberian have subsequently been introduced to Slovakia. Introduction E. The area is a polygon enclosed by the towns of Bratislava, Robinia pseudoacacia a widespread species in its native habitat in southeastern North America. It was L.introduced (black locust, to orEurope false acacia),in 1601 is Komárno, Veľký Krtíš and Myjava. Ten plots were located in the southern part of the study area. Most were located in theThe remnant trophic ofgroups the original of the floodplain Lepidoptera forests larvae that found were (Chapman 1935). The first mention of planting the species distributed along the Danube and Morava rivers. (Keresztesiin Slovakia dates 1965). from Today, 1750, itwhen is widespread black locust wasthroughout planted (1986). The zoogeographical distribution of the species western,around the central, fortress eastern in Komárno and southern in southern Europe, Slovakia where followswere defined the arrangement following the give system by Reiprichof Brown (2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.New and Interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera Records from 2007 (Insecta: Lepidoptera)
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Corley, M. F. V.; Marabuto, E.; Maravalhas, E.; Pires, P.; Cardoso, J. P. New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2007 (Insecta: Lepidoptera) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 36, núm. 143, septiembre, 2008, pp. 283-300 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45512164002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 283-300 New and interesting Po 4/9/08 17:37 Página 283 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 36 (143), septiembre 2008: 283-300 CODEN: SRLPEF ISSN:0300-5267 New and interesting Portuguese Lepidoptera records from 2007 (Insecta: Lepidoptera) M. F. V. Corley, E. Marabuto, E. Maravalhas, P. Pires & J. P. Cardoso Abstract 38 species are added to the Portuguese Lepidoptera fauna and two species deleted, mainly as a result of fieldwork undertaken by the authors in the last year. In addition, second and third records for the country and new food-plant data for a number of species are included. A summary of papers published in 2007 affecting the Portuguese fauna is included. KEY WORDS: Insecta, Lepidoptera, geographical distribution, Portugal. Novos e interessantes registos portugueses de Lepidoptera em 2007 (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Resumo Como resultado do trabalho de campo desenvolvido pelos autores principalmente no ano de 2007, são adicionadas 38 espécies de Lepidoptera para a fauna de Portugal e duas são retiradas.
    [Show full text]
  • Four New Species and Seven New Records of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) from Laos
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 900: 69–86 (2019) Promalactis of Laos 69 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.900.39569 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Four new species and seven new records of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) from Laos Sora Kim1, Yang-Seop Bae2, Seunghwan Lee1 1 Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea 2 Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Division of Life Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea Corresponding author: Yang-Seop Bae ([email protected]); Seunghwan Lee ([email protected]) Academic editor: A. Mitchell | Received 2 September 2019 | Accepted 30 October 2019 | Published 31 December 2019 http://zoobank.org/D251607A-615F-4EBB-B6B7-29B06FF361DD Citation: Kim S, Bae Y-S, Lee S (2019) Four new species and seven new records of Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) from Laos. ZooKeys 900: 69–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.900.39569 Abstract The genusPromalactis Meyrick, 1908 is recorded for the first time from Laos in mainland Southeast Asia and four new species are described: P. crassa sp. nov., P. retusa sp. nov., P. senispina sp. nov., and P. uniclavata sp. nov. Additionally, seven species are newly reported from the country: P. albisquama Kim & Park, P. apicisetifera Du & Wang, P. bitrigona Kim & Park, P. zolotuhini Lvovsky, P. parasuzukiella Wang, P. suzukiella (Matsumura), and P. spiraliola Kim. Distributional data and diagnoses and/or descriptions for all species in Laos are provided, along with illustrations of adults and genitalia. Keywords First record of genus, fungivores and scavengers, PKK National Park, systematics Introduction Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 is one of the largest genera of the family Oecophoridae (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea), comprising 341 species (Kim et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Hemolymph and Hemocytes of Tarantula Spiders: Physiological Roles and Potential As Sources of Bioactive Molecules
    In: Advances in Animal Science and Zoology. Volume 8 ISBN: 978-1-63483-552-7 Editor: Owen P. Jenkins © 2015 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted commercially in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Chapter 8 HEMOLYMPH AND HEMOCYTES OF TARANTULA SPIDERS: PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES AND POTENTIAL AS SOURCES OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES Tatiana Soares, Thiago H. Napoleão, Felipe R. B. Ferreira and Patrícia M. G. Paiva∗ Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil ABSTRACT Arachnids compose the most important and numerous group of chelicerates and include spiders, scorpions, mites and ticks. Some arachnids have a worldwide distribution and can live for more than two decades. This is in part due to their efficient defense system, with an innate immunity that acts as a first line of protection against bacterial, fungal and viral pathogens. The adaptive success of the spiders stimulates the study of their defense mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels with both biological and biotechnological purposes. The hemocytes (plasmatocytes, cyanocytes, granulocytes, prohemocytes, and leberidocytes) of spiders are responsible for phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation of pathogens as well as produce substances that mediate humoral mechanisms such as antimicrobial peptides and factors involved in the coagulation of hemolymph and melanization of microorganisms.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Pan-Arthropod Analysis Reveals Somatic Pirnas As an Ancestral
    Pan-arthropod analysis reveals somatic piRNAs as an ancestral defence against transposable elements Samuel H. Lewis1,10,11* Kaycee A. Quarles2 Yujing Yang2 Melanie Tanguy1,3 Lise Frézal1,3,4 Stephen A. Smith5 Prashant P. Sharma6 Richard Cordaux7 Clément Gilbert7,8 Isabelle Giraud7 David H. Collins9 Phillip D. Zamore2† Eric A. Miska1,3† Peter Sarkies10,11† Francis M. Jiggins1†* †These authors contributed equally to this work *Correspondence should be addressed to S.H.L. ([email protected]) or F.M.J. ([email protected]). Author affiliations 1. Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, United Kingdom 2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA 1 3. Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Cambridge, UK 4. Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, ENS, PSL Research University, Paris, France 5. Dept. Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA 6. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Zoology, 352 Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA 7. Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose, 5 Rue Albert Turpain, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9, France 8. Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes, Comportement, Écologie, UMR 9191 CNRS, UMR 247 IRD, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur- Yvette, France 9. School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK 10. MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Nepal National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan: 2014-2020
    NEPAL NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN: 2014-2020 Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Published by Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation Singha Durbar, Kathmandu, Nepal Website: www.mfsc.gov.np Citation GoN/MoFSC, 2014. Nepal Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2014-2020. Government of Nepal, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal. Cover page photographs Mountain Landscape, Snow Leopard, Rhino © DNPWC, Rangeland in Jumla © Niroj Shrestha, Agri-crops, Fishing in Wetland © Amit Poudyal, Yarchagumba, © Hem Raj Acharya Printed at: Sigma General Offset Press Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal NEPAL NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN 2014-2020 Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation NEPAL NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN 2014 - 2020 Government of Nepal THE PRIME MINISTER KATHMANDU MESSAGE NEPAL Government of Nepal is committed to the conservation and sustainable utilization of biodiversity for the prosperity of its people and the nation. As Nepal is endowed with rich biological diversity, it has tremendous potential in reshaping people’s livelihood and economic base of the country. Its conservation and management through relevant strategy is indispensable. The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) designed for the period 2014-2020 is aimed to provide a strategic framework for the conservation of Nepal’s biodiversity. The NBSAP envisions conserving biodiversity for sound and resilient ecosystems and national prosperity. This document has been revised from the earlier Nepal Biodiversity Strategy (2002) and Implementation Plan (2006-2010) after rigorous and extensive consultations engaging a wide range of stakeholders from national to community level. The NBSAP embraces the commitment to fulfill the international obligation as signatory to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Miscellaneous Additions to the Lepidoptera of Portugal (Insecta
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Corley, M. F. V.; Maravalhas, E.; Passos de Carvalho, J. Miscellaneous additions to the Lepidoptera of Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 34, núm. 136, 2006, pp. 407-427 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45513611 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 407-427 Miscellaneous addition 14/12/06 21:11 Página 407 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 34 (136), 2006: 407-427 SRLPEF ISSN:0300-5267 Miscellaneous additions to the Lepidoptera of Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera) M. F. V. Corley, E. Maravalhas & J. Passos de Carvalho (†) Abstrac 143 species of Lepidoptera collected by the authors and others in various localities in Portugal are listed as additions to the Portuguese fauna. 26 of the species are new records for the Iberian Peninsula. Two species are deleted from the Portuguese list. KEY WORDS: Insecta, Lepidoptera, distribution, Portugal. Adições à fauna de Lepidoptera de Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Resumo São referidas 143 espécies de Lepidoptera, coligidas de várias localidades de Portugal pelos autores e outros, que se considera serem novos registos para a fauna portuguesa. 26 destas espécies são também novas para a Península Ibérica. Dois registos são suprimidos. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Insecta, Lepidoptera, distribuição geográfica, Portugal. Adiciones a la fauna de Lepidoptera de Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Resumen Se citan 143 especies de Lepidoptera, cogidas en varios puntos de Portugal por los autores y otros, que se consideran nuevas para la fauna portuguesa.
    [Show full text]
  • Pheromone Lures Non-Intended Target Species
    Updated July 2021 ALS ALS have been selling pheromone lures since 2004 and started with the Clearwing Classic Six. Over the years we have extended our range with new species, some of which have been made specifically to our demand while also adding lures for various other species of moths. We have collated all our data, much of which have been passed on to us by many customers of which we thank very much especially Tim Green and Graham Ekins (Essex), to produce the below non-target species data base. Pheromone lures are made up of between 4-6 compounds and it is some of these ‘base’ compounds which are acting as an attractant to other species. Although some of the species listed are quite rare to synthetic lure, others do seem to be more frequent. The below data is from the UK and Europe. If you have any additional information, please get in touch with us. SPECIES and lure code Non-intended moth target species caught Six-belted Clearwing - Bembecia ichneumoniformis API Bembecia albanensis Five-spot Burnet sp. Six-spot Burnet Nemapogon variatella Pyropteron triannuliformis Chamaesphecia empiformis Pyropteron chrysidiformis Thrift/Raspberry Clearwing HYL Bembecia ichneumoniformis (Six-belted Clearwing) Synanthedon conopiformis (Oak Clearwing) Phalonidia affinitana Stenoptinea cyaneimarmorella Synansphecia muscaeformis/Pennisetia hylaeiformis Cacaecimorpha pronubana Lobesia littoralis Cnephasia pumicana Dryadaula heindeli Hypsopygia costalis (Gold Triangle) Lymantria dispar (Gypsy Moth) Nemapogon ruricolella Pseudargyrotoza conwagana Opisthograptis
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Calibrations for the Arthropod Tree of Life
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/044859; this version posted June 10, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. FOSSIL CALIBRATIONS FOR THE ARTHROPOD TREE OF LIFE AUTHORS Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Allison C. Daley2,3, David A. Legg3, Gregory D. Edgecombe4 1 Department of Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 2 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK 3 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PZ, UK 4 Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Fossil age data and molecular sequences are increasingly combined to establish a timescale for the Tree of Life. Arthropods, as the most species-rich and morphologically disparate animal phylum, have received substantial attention, particularly with regard to questions such as the timing of habitat shifts (e.g. terrestrialisation), genome evolution (e.g. gene family duplication and functional evolution), origins of novel characters and behaviours (e.g. wings and flight, venom, silk), biogeography, rate of diversification (e.g. Cambrian explosion, insect coevolution with angiosperms, evolution of crab body plans), and the evolution of arthropod microbiomes. We present herein a series of rigorously vetted calibration fossils for arthropod evolutionary history, taking into account recently published guidelines for best practice in fossil calibration.
    [Show full text]
  • A Revised Family-Level Classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)
    fungal biology 121 (2017) 798e824 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funbio A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota) Alfredo JUSTOa,*, Otto MIETTINENb, Dimitrios FLOUDASc, € Beatriz ORTIZ-SANTANAd, Elisabet SJOKVISTe, Daniel LINDNERd, d €b f Karen NAKASONE , Tuomo NIEMELA , Karl-Henrik LARSSON , Leif RYVARDENg, David S. HIBBETTa aDepartment of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610, MA, USA bBotanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland cDepartment of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden dCenter for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, 53726, WI, USA eScotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh Campus, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK fNatural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172, Blindern, NO 0318, Oslo, Norway gInstitute of Biological Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway article info abstract Article history: Polyporales is strongly supported as a clade of Agaricomycetes, but the lack of a consensus Received 21 April 2017 higher-level classification within the group is a barrier to further taxonomic revision. We Accepted 30 May 2017 amplified nrLSU, nrITS, and rpb1 genes across the Polyporales, with a special focus on the Available online 16 June 2017 latter. We combined the new sequences with molecular data generated during the Poly- Corresponding Editor: PEET project and performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Ursula Peintner Analyses of our final 3-gene dataset (292 Polyporales taxa) provide a phylogenetic overview of the order that we translate here into a formal family-level classification.
    [Show full text]
  • Insecta Norvegiae Can Be Considered As a Supplement to Fauna Norvegica Ser
    ISSN 0800-1790 INSECTA No. NORVEGIAE 5 Atlas of the Lepidoptera ~- - of Norway. ~. "._-"~~~'- Part 1. --..-..--.­ Gelechioidea: Oecophoridae, Agonoxenidae, Batrachedridae, Momphidae, Cosmopterigidae, Scythridae, Blastobasidae. by Lelf Aarvik, Svein Svendsen, Yngvar Berg, Kai Berggren & Lars Ove Hansen Norsk Entomologisk Forening 1994 nsecta Norvegiae Editors: Trond Andersen and Uta Greve Zoological Museum, University of Bergen, Museplass 3, N-S007 Bergen Insecta Norvegiae can be considered as a supplement to Fauna norvegica Ser. B., and appears irregularly. The journal pUblishes information relevant to Norwegian entomology and emphasizes papers which are mainly faunistical or zoogeographical in scope or content, including catalogues, distribution maps, checklists and larger faunal lists. Biographies, bibliographies etc. will also be considered. Submissions must not have been previously pUblished or copyrighted and must not be published sUbsequently except in abstract form or by written consent of the editors. Authors are requested to contact the editors prior to submission. The Norwegian Entomological Society promotes the study of the Norwegian Insect fauna and forms a link between interested persons. Questions about membership should be directed to the Norwegian Entomological SOCiety, P.O. Box 376, N-1371 Asker, Norway. Membership fee NOK. 130.- should be paid to the Treasurer of NEF: Preben Ottesen. Gustav Vigelands vei 32, 0274 Oslo. Insecta Norveglae is distributed by the Norwegian Entomological Society. Other series Issued by the Society: - Fauna norvegica Ser. B - Insekt-Nytt - Norske Insekttabeller Layout & pasteup: Trond Andersen & Lars Ove Hansen Front page: Agonopterlx broennoeensis (Strand, 1920) Nini Aarvik del. Printed in 500 copies. A. Sand trykken, 2050 Jesshelm Atlas of the Lepidoptera of Norway. Part 1.
    [Show full text]