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NEWS & VIEWS ......

MAY 20, 2018

Analyses of Radiographic Progression-Free Survival Addition of Trastuzumab to Carboplatin/Paclitaxel in in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer HER2-Positive Uterine Serous Carcinoma

As reported in JAMA Oncology by Rathkopf et al,1 sensitivity analyses In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, of radiographic progression-free survival in the PREVAIL trial Fader et al7 found that the addition of trastuzumab to comparing enzalutamide versus placebo in metastatic castration- carboplatin-paclitaxel improved progression-free survival resistant prostate cancer support use of the measure as a clinically among women with HER2-overexpressing uterine serous meaningful endpoint in trials in this setting. carcinoma.

Genomic Copy Number Aberrations and Extremely Antibiotic Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection Poor Survival in High-Risk Neuroblastoma and Prevention of Metachronous Gastric Cancer

In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, In a Korean study reported in New England Journal of Medicine, Choi Depuydt et al2 identified two genomic copy number aberrations et al8 found that antibiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori was associated with risk of extremely poor survival in patients with high- associated with a significant reduction in metachronous gastric risk neuroblastoma. cancer in patients who had undergone endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer or high-grade adenoma. FDA Expands Approval of Blinatumomab for Certain Patients With B-Cell Precursor ALL 5-Year Follow-Up of Patients Receiving Immunotherapy for Previously Treated Advanced The US Food and Drug Administration3 granted accelerated approval NSCLC to blinatumomab (Blincyto) to treat adults and children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are in remission As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Gettinger et al,9 5-year but still have minimal residual disease (MRD). This is the first FDA- follow-up of patients receiving nivolumab in a phase I study in approved treatment for patients with MRD-positive ALL. previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has shown prolonged survival and durable responses in a subgroup of Quality of Life With Chemohormonal Treatment in patients. Prostate Cancer In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Morgans et al4 REFERENCES found that chemohormonal therapy with docetaxel and androgen- 1. Rathkopf DE, Beer TM, Loriot Y, et al: Radiographic progression-free deprivation therapy (ADT) was associated with poorer quality of life survival as a clinically meaningful end point in metastatic castration-resistant at 3 months but better quality of life at 12 months versus ADT alone in prostate cancer: The PREVAIL randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol doi: metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.5808 2. Depuydt P, Boeva V, Hocking TC, et al: Genomic amplifications and distal 6q loss: Novel markers for poor survival in high-risk neuroblastoma patients. FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to JNCI https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy022 Enfortumab Vedotin for Locally Advanced or 3. US Food and Drug Administration: Home page. https://www.fda.gov/ 4. Morgans AK, Chen Y-H, Sweeney CJ, et al: Quality of life during Metastatic Urothelial Cancer treatment with chemohormonal therapy: Analysis of E3805 chemohormonal 5 androgen ablation randomized trial in prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 36: On March 26, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted 1088–1095, 2018 breakthrough therapy designation to enfortumab vedotin, an antibody- 5. US Food and Drug Administration: Home page. https://www.fda.gov/ drug conjugate, for patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial 6. Seymour JF, Kipps TJ, Eichhorst B, et al: Venetoclax-rituximab in re- cancer who were previously treated with checkpoint inhibitors. lapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 378: 1107–1120, 2018 7. Fader AN, Roque DM, Siegel E, et al: Randomized phase II trial fo car- Venetoclax Plus Rituximab in Relapsed/Refractory boplatin-paclitaxes versus carboplatin-paclitaxel-trastuzumab in uterine serous Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia carcinomas that overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu. JClinOncolDOI:10.1200/JCO.2017.76.5966 In the phase III MURANO trial reported in New England Journal of 8. Choi IJ, Kook M-C, Kim Y-I, et al: Helicobacter pylori therapy for the – Medicine by Seymour et al,6 the combination of the BCL2 inhibitor prevention of metachronous gastric cancer. N Engl J Med 378:1085 1095, 2018 venetoclax with rituximab markedly improved progression-free 9. Gettinger S, Horn L, Jackman D, et al: Five-year follow-up of nivolumab in survival vs bendamustine plus rituximab in patients with relapsed or previously treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer: Results from the refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CA209–003 study. J Clin Oncol DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2017.77.0412