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Space and Its Representation in Moral Panics University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses 8-2002 Contested Suburbs: Space and its Representation in Moral Panics Stacey L. Simmons University of New Orleans, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td Part of the Sociology Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Recommended Citation Simmons, Stacey L., "Contested Suburbs: Space and its Representation in Moral Panics" (2002). University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations. 2820. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2820 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONTESTED SUBURBS: SPACE AND ITS REPRESENTATION IN MORAL PANICS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of New Orleans in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The College of Urban and Public Affairs by Stacey L. Simmons B.A.. University of New Orleans. 1996 August 2002 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Acknowledgements This work would have been impossible without the support of many people. I would like to thank all of them. The many who have supported me with encouragement, friendship, and love is too large a number of people to list here. But there are several who deserve special consideration. I would first like to thank my darling husband. Ched Hover, for his unwavering love and support. He is the earth that roots me in life, and I am eternally grateful for his companionship and love in our life together. Completing this course of study would have been impossible without the financial support of the University of New Orleans. But one person deserves the credit for funding me throughout my graduate career. Tim Joder. director of sponsored research for the College of Urban and Public Affairs. Without Ched and Tim. graduate school would have been impossible. I would like to extend my gratitude to the members of my committee. Mickey Lauria. Joyce Levine. Susan Mann. David Gladstone, and Bob Whelan. Academically. Mickey. Joyce, and Susan, gave me immeasurable scholarly advice and support. I owe a special debt of gratitude to Mickey and Joyce. Mickey never failed to approach every aspect of my graduate tenure with honesty, and always had faith in me. I appreciated this relationship more than I have expressed to him. We share a lack of patience with gushing emotion, and an appreciation for hard work and honesty. Joyce guided me through all of my statistical conundrums; she also listened to endless ideas, and nagging bouts of self­ doubt. She responded with support and love which helped me every day. even when she was not present. I also owe John Wildgen a very special “thank you." He made the gathering of the census data virtually painless, and helped me sort it so that I could manage it effectively. He accepted phone calls late at night and offered me understanding and kindness when I was worried about my analysis. John did this for me without even serving on my committee, which is a testament to his kindness and caring for students in general. My friends have supported and loved me. They have encouraged me and made it possible to continue. I especially want to thank Ellen Smith. Bridget Bordelon. Jake Wagner. Nik Holton. Tara O’Neill, and Billy Fields for their encouragement and support. I would also like to acknowledge the loving support of my family: my mother. Pamela Maschek: my brother. Richard W. Simmons; and my father, George W. Simmons. III. iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ...............................................................................................................................I Chapter 1: Thinking About Moral Panic and Suburbia .......................................................3 Operational definitions ...........................................................................................................13 Method of organization ..........................................................................................................14 Chapter 2: Bringing Together Theories of Moral Panic and Space ................................ 17 Chapter 3: Building a Multiple Case Study on Representational and Demographic Data. ........................................................................1.....................................................~................ 57 Chapter 4: Space and the Suburban Ideal ......................................................................... 75 Table 1. Towns with rumor panics ......................................................................................86 Chapter 5: Accusations of Satanic Ritual Abuse: The McMartin Preschool ................... 89 Moral panic criteria ..............................................................................................................100 Rhetorical analysis .............................................................................................................. i 03 Chapter 6: Satanic Murder in a Small Town: The Robin Hood Hills Murders ............. 112 Moral panic criteria ..............................................................................................................132 Rhetorical analysis ...............................................................................................................140 Chapter 7: The Reified School Shooting: The Columbine Massacre ............................152 Table 2: School shootings in the United States 1997-2001 ...............................................154 Moral panic criteria ..............................................................................................................163 Table 3: Indicators of a Moral panic ...................................................................................167 Rhetorical analysis ...............................................................................................................167 Chapter 8: Comparing the Demographics of the Panic Communities ...........................181 Table 3. Manhattan Beach versus Los Angeles County t-test results ............................183 Table 4. Littleton versus Jefferson County t-test results .................................................184 Table 5. Littleton versus Arapahoe County t-test results ................................................184 Table 6. West Memphis versus Crittenden County t-test results ................................... 185 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table 7. Percentage of Population with incomplete high school education ..................187 Table 8. Percentage of Population with terminal high school diploma ....................... 187 Table 9. Percentage of Population reporting completed bachelors degree ......................188 Table 10. Percentage of Population reporting completed graduate degree .....................188 Table 11. Percentage Unemployment ............................................................................... 189 Table 12. Median Household Income ............................................................................... 189 Table 13. Percentage of Population White ........................................................................191 Table 14. Percentage of Population Black .........................................................................191 Table 15. Distance from Urban Center ..............................................................................192 Chapter 9: Comparing Three Moral Panics ......................................................................196 Table 16. Comparison of Community data with national averages .................................203 Chapter 10: The Meaning of Space in Moral Panics ...................................................... 209 Contesting the Suburbs .......................................................................................................212 References...........................................................................................................................215 v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Abstract Over the last thirty years there has been modest investigation into the phenomenon of moral panic. Several high profile moral panics have been investigated by social scientists but with relatively little new theoretical developments. This research hypothesizes that there are two different forms of moral panic that have not been discerned by other researchers. I call these: metapanics and localized panics. In addition, in the last two decades a handful of well-respected theorists have drawn attention to the fact that
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