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Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems – Case Studies

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Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems – Case Studies Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems – Case studies Institute of Building Technology and Energy IGE Center for Integrated Building Technology Diego Hangartner Research Associate T direct +41 41 349 39 78 [email protected] Aalborg 12.11.2018 4th District Heating and Cooling Conference in Aalborg Denmark Why district heating? CO2- emissions Renewable Energy Economically Local profitable source End user Slide 2, 14.12.2018 Source picture: Photo LaPresse Situation in Europe Percentage of citizens served by district heating 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Source: www.euroheat.org/news/district-energy-in-the-news/top-district-heating-countries-euroheat-power-2015-survey-analysis/ Slide 3, 14.12.2018 District Heating Systems – Potential in Switzerland 2014 Heat Source Theoretical Economical Potential of thermal networks in Switzerland until 2050 Potential Potential März [TWh/a] [TWh/a] , TWh/a Waste Incineration 5.7 3.6 85 pauli Waste heat industry 3.6 Not assigned Retrofit und Groundwater 12.2 1.9 45 Wastewater plant 7.7 1.9 eicher Lakes 97.0 5.1 , 100% Rivers 21.3 1.8 17 38% Wood 20.5 1.7 ground water, lake, river 0 Geothermal 70.0 1.3 Fernwärme 2010 2050 Total 238.0 17.3 Weissbuch T. et al., T. et Sres Source: Source: Slide 4, 14.12.2018 Heat pumps – Applications in DHC Systems POSITION: Source Distribution, generation Nutzer 11°C 70°C 70°C Ambiant heat Ground water CENTRAL 8°C 50°C 50°C Source Distribution, generation Nutzer 11°C 35°C 35 °C 70°C Ambiant heat CENTRAL/ Ground water 8°C 28°C 28°C 50°C DECENTRAL Source Distribution, generation Nutzer 4°C 8°C 8 °C 70°C Ambiant heat CENTRAL/ Lake water 2°C 4°C 4°C 50°C DECENTRAL Source Distribution, generation Nutzer 10°C 10°C 70°C Ambiant heat Ground water DECENTRAL 7°C 7°C 50°C Slide 5, 14.12.2018 Case project – Rheinfelden-Mitte (Brewery Feldschlösschen) - AEW Energie AG / Wärmeverbund Rheinfelden Mitte AG - Residential, offices, restaurants, commercial buildings of Rheinfelden. - 9.7 GWh/a (Heating + DHW) - 5.9 MW power installed - Ammonia HP 2 x 1 MW / COP=3.4 - Source: industrial waste heat - TNetwork: 70/80 °C and 50 °C. - Investments: 20.5 Mio. CHF Slide 6, 14.12.2018 Case Project – Bulle, «Jardins de la Pâla» - EKZ Contracting SA - 65’000 m2 Residential + Commercial - 3’100 MWh/a (Heating + DHW) - 650 MWh/a Cooling demand - 2 MW power installed (in total) - Two-stage HP per house / COP=4.1 - Source: Ground water - TNetwork: between 4 °C and 17 °C. - Investments: 6 Mio. CHF Slide 7, 14.12.2018 Programm «Thermal Networks» - Classification of networks Thermal networks 2018März , SCCER, EnFK High temperature Low temperature Heating Pre-Heating Cooling 60°C Limit DHW-preparation 5th Generation? heat Limit 30°C of Direct heating Value Value 20°C Limit Direct cooling 0°C Freezing point H2O Case 1 60°C Case 2 30°C Case 3 20°C Case 4 0°C Slide 8, 14.12.2018 Network temperature (warm pipe) Quelle: Ködel et al., Grundlagen Grundlagen Quelle:al., etKödel und Erläuterungen zu thermischen Netzen, Heat pumps Slide 9, 14/12/2018 Power range of heat pumps sold in Switzerland in kW 82% < 20 kW sold 97% < 50 kW units of Number kW Source: https://www.fws.ch/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/FWS_Statistiken_2017_V2.pdf Slide 10, 14/12/2018 IEA Annex 47 – Heat Pumps in DHC Systems - Participating Countries: - Denmark (Lead, Svend Vinther Pedersen) - Sweden - Austria - Switzerland - Great Britain - Task 1. Market potential - Task 2. Description of existing systems - Task 3. Concepts/solutions - Task 4. Implementation barriers - Task 5. Dissemination Source: http://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/ Slide 11, 14.12.2018 Supply and return temperatures of DH – Case Austria Source: Büchele R., „Bewertung des Potenzials für den Einsatz der hocheffizienten KWK und Slide 12.14.12.2018 effizienter Fernwärme- und Fernkälteversorgung, Endbericht,“ Wien, 2015. Heat pumps – Application possibilities in thermal networks Increase the capacity of the Source Distribution Users 68°C 65°C Wood Own network 45°C 50°C Source Distribution Users 68°C 65°C Wood Other networks 45°C 50°C Other users Slide 13, 14.12.2018 District heating Tamsweg – Using return temperatures as heat source - Increase network capacity - Improve efficiency of burner due to better flue gas condensation - 20 % more energy out of the same amount of wood - 0.9 MW heat pump, COP 6 Source: Kronberger, B., 2015 Slide 14, 14/12/2018 Heat pumps in thermal networks - Summary - Heat pumps key technology - Efficiency improvement and CO2-reductions - More application possibilities Heat source Application Power range Temp. range Delta T Ground water Central lift > 1 MW 11°C to 70°C 60 K Ground water Decentral lift 100 kW – 1 MW 11°C to 65°C 55 K Lake water Central low temp. lift > 1 MW 4°C to 8°C 4 K Return DH Central or decentral 100 kW – 1 MW 50°C to 70°C 20 K - Still technical and social-economical barriers to overcome! - Availability products - «New» technology Slide 15, 14.12.2018 Thank you for your support and attention! Annex 47 https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47/ Programm www.energieschweiz.ch/thermische-netze «Thermal Networks» Slide 16, 14.12.2018.
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