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UNIX Commands Reference

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Mail Tools Special Command elm Sends and displays mail messages Line Characters Unix mailx Sends and displays mail messages > Redirect standard output to the file; erase mutt Sends and displays mail messages the file first Reference pine Sends and displays mail messages >> Redirect standard output to the file; xbiff Displays a mailbox and flag image on an append to the file X window when mail has arrived < Redirect standard input from the file Card | Pipe the standard output from one Text Editors command to the next A helpful reference to Unix commands on the CECS emacs Text Editor ? Single character wildcard Unix computers. gvim Graphical version of vim * Multiple character wildcard pico Text Editor [...] One of ... wild card vi Text Editor ; Command separator vim vi improved - Text Editor . Current directory xedit Simple Graphical Text Editor .. Parent directory xemacs Graphical version of emacs [gnu] / Directory level separator Text Processing Tools & Run command in the background http://www.cat.pdx.edu $ Begin shell variable name cat Concatenate (list) a file [email protected] = Shell variable assignment cut Displays specified parts from each line of a file dos2unix Convert text file from DOS format to Filename Expansion Program descriptions followed by [packageName] UNIX format Characters indicate which package the program is located in head List the beginning of a file ispell Spelling checker * Matches any characters (0 or more) Packages less Similar to more, but allows backward ? Matches any single character movement [...] matches any character in the enclosed list Packages configure the user's environment based on more List a file page by page or range what software he/she wants to use. nroff Formats text Control Sequences There are several convenient user commands used paste Joins corresponding lines of several files to maintain the software package configuration. Once or subsequent lines in one file ctrl-c Cancel the process that is currently configured, the system will transparently update your environment based on selected packages every time tail List the end of a file running. ctrl-d you log in. unix2dos Convert text file from UNIX format to Exit the UNIX session DOS format ctrl-l Re-draws the screen Make sure you log out and back in for any changes ctrl-q Resume display scrolling you make to your packages environment to take effect. Postscript and Acrobat ctrl-s Pause display scrolling File Utilities ctrl-u Delete the current line Commands: acroread Acrobat Reader (.pdf) ctrl-z Suspend a foreground process addpkg Adds program package to users environment ghostview Ghostscript interpretive previewer ë Web Tools ë delpkg Deletes program package from users gs Ghostscript interpretive previewer htpasswd Password protect web pages environment ps2pdf Convert postscript file to a pdf file bluefish Graphical html Editor [gnu] listpkg Lists program packages currently in [gnu] users environment passwd Change your UNIX password General Commands Printing ps Display process status at Runs a command at a particular time lpq –P printerName pwd Print working directory cd Change working directory Check the print queue renice Alter priority of running processes checkpasswd Change your UNIX password lpr –P printerName fileName rm Remove files Print a file chmod Change file permissions rmdir Remove a directory lprm –P printerName jobNumber convert Converts an input file using one image Remove a job from the print queue format to an output file with a differing rxvt X window terminal emulator enscript –P printerName fileName image format set Read and write variables Convert a text file to postscript cp Copy a file show Show (list) messages date Display today’s date sort Sort files Compressing And diff Find file differences ssh Connect to a remote host Uncompressing Files display Displays many graphic formats on X strings Finds strings in an ASCII or binary file bunzip2 Uncompress files (.bz2) windows tail Display last few lines of files bzip2 Compress files (.bz2) du Summarize disk usage talk Interactive talking to another user compress Compress files (.Z) echo Evaluate and print command line tin Network news reader gunzip Uncompress (expand) files (.gz) exit Leave the UNIX session top Display and update information about gzcat GNU compression/decompression export Make shell environment variable the cpu processes program (.gz) available touch Update the date of a file gzip Compress files (.gz) fg Move a background job to the tar foreground tr Translate characters Saves and restores multiple files to a single file (.tar) file Classify the file contents uniq Removes or lists repeated lines in a file uncompress Uncompress (expand) files (.Z) find Find files meeting specified conditions uptime Shows how long a system has been up w List current system activity finger Display information about local and Languages/Compilers remote users wc Word count / ftp Transfer files from one host to another who List who is on the system Interpreters/Scripts gnuplot GNU interactive plotting program [gnu] xcalc Scientific calculator for X windows as SPARC assembler grep Search a file for a pattern xclock X window clock awk Finds lines in files and makes specified changes to them head Display first few lines of files xterm X window terminal emulator g++ GNU C ++ compiler kill Terminate a process gawk GNU’s AWK programming language ln Link to a file Image Viewing And gcc GNU C compiler logout C shell logoff Manipulation lclint ls Check C code for errors List directory contents gimp Versatile windowing image program perl Practical Extraction and Report make Used to build programs and maintain up- (Similar to Adobe Photoshop) Language interpreted language to-date versions of target files [image-toolz] optimized for scanning arbitrary text files man View documentation of a command xpaint Gui window paint program [image-toolz] mkdir Create a directory xv Interactive image display for X windows Debuggers msgs View departmental and system ddd Graphical front-end for GDB and other messages command-line debuggers [gnu] mv Move or rename a file gdb Source-level debugger for C, C++ and myquota –v View your disk quota usage Fortran. new-env Restore the default shell and window xxgdb Gui front-end to gdb environment to your account nice Invoke a command with an altered scheduling priority.
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