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Atlante Delle Farfalle Del Parco Lombardo Della Valle Del Ticino

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Atlante Delle Farfalle Del Parco Lombardo Della Valle Del Ticino Atlante delle Farfalle del Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino Testi Francesco Gatti Progettazione grafica e impaginazione Tania Feltrin – Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Coordinamento di progetto Adriano Bellani, Francesco Magna - Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino – Ente capofila Riccardo Falco, Valentina Bergero - Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente – Partner di progetto Project Manager Cristina Barbieri – Istituto Delta Ecologia Applicata srl Revisione dei testi Valentina Bergero, Riccardo Falco – Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Elaborazioni cartografiche Massimiliano Valdemarca Hanno collaborato alle indagini di campo e/o fornito dati inediti (sono indicati in grassetto i nomi dei rilevatori che hanno raccolto oltre 500 dati) Luigi Andena, Andrea Balbis, Eugenio Balestrazzi, Massimo Balocco, Mariasole Banderali, Matteo Barcella, Gaia Baz- zi, Cecilia Bellotti, Pietro Beretta, Luca Bergamaschi, Giuseppe Bogliani, Massimo Brigo, Selena Campagnolo, Luigi Carraro, Fabio Casale, Daniela Casola, Roberta Colombo, Karen Contu, Maurizio Cornalba, Stella Corona, Valentina Daponte, Giampio D’Amico, Emma De Paoli, Silvia Di Martino, Emiliano Franci, Andrea Galimberti, Francesco Gatti, Antonio Gennaro, Gabriele Gheza, Simone Giofrè, Luca Giussani, Silvia Grimoldi, Manuela Groppo, Lorenzo Lad- daga, Fausto Leandri, Massimiliano Luppi, Isaac Manelli, Milo Manica, Federica Marin, Fabrizio Marmonti, Cristian Matellini, Alessandro Mazzoleni, Angelo Miramonti, Daniela Meisina, Nadia Montironi, Maria Montrasio, Paolo Na- luzzo, Silvia Nicola, Valerio Orioli, Francesco Ornaghi, Paolo Palmi, Anna Cristina Panico, Valentina Parco, Maurizio Pasquali, Claudio Pastori, Alice Pellegrino, Pietro Pisano, Fausto Pistoja, Cristina Poma, Edoardo Razzetti, Barbara Re, Irene Giulia Re, Roberto Repossini, Federico Ricci, Marco Ricci, Luca Romanoni, Massimo Rudoni, Ezio Sacchi, Debora Sala, Tiziana Salomoni, Aramis Sangiovanni, Alessandra Serini, Giuseppe Alessandro Simone, Amleto Strada, Michela Tibiletti, Mirko Tomasi, Cinzia Torta, Paola Viviana Trovò, Antonello Turri, Cecilio Uglietti, Roberta Valle, Lorella Varese, Enzio Vigo, Michela Villa, Giancarlo Zaccala, Roberto Zappaterra, Emanuele Zenga. Fotografie Eugenio Balestrazzi, Matteo Barcella, Pietro Beretta, Giuseppe Bogliani, Fabio Casale, Marinella Cervini, Emma De Paoli, Francesco Gatti, Gabriele Gheza, Luca Giussani, Massimiliano Luppi, Alice Marmonti, Fabrizio Marmonti, Ser- gio “von Scatt” Mazzoleri, Francesco Ornaghi, Paolo Palmi, Anna Cristina Panico, Fausto Pistoja, Lino Pizzochero, Marta Pozzetti, Irene Giulia Re, Roberto Repossini, Luca Santacatterina, Antonello Turri, Michele Viganò, Enzio Vigo, Roberto Zappaterra. Un ringraziamento particolare a Eugenio Balestrazzi, Lucio Bordignon, Luca Giussani e Michele Viganò per la collabo- razione nella stesura delle schede di alcune specie; a Giuseppe Bogliani per i preziosi consigli e la rilettura di alcune parti del libro; a Massimiliano Valdemarca per il supporto tecnico e morale; a Eugenio Balestrazzi, Paolo Naluzzo e Paolo Palmi per le numerose informazioni fornite sulle farfalle del Parco ed Elena Corbari per la rielabolazione di alcune iimmagini. Foto di copertina Coenonympha oedippus. Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino (VA), 11 giugno 2018. Foto Roberto Repossini Stampa Graffietti Stampati, Montefiascone (VT) Per la citazione di questo volume si raccomanda la seguente dizione: Gatti F., 2021. Atlante delle Farfalle del Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino. Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino e Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente. ISBN 978 88 8134 139 9 © 2021 Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino e Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Proprietà letteraria riservata. Nessuna parte di questo volume può essere riprodotta o utilizzata sotto nessuna forma, senza permesso scritto, tranne che per brevi passaggi in sede di recensione e comunque citando la fonte. Pararge aegeria (foto Michele Viganò) Indice Pag. Prefazione Paolo Palmi .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Presentazione del Presidente del Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino e del Consigliere alla Fauna e ai Grandi Progetti Cristina Chiappa e Francesca Lara Monno .................................................................................................... 11 Presentazione del direttore del Parco del Ticino Lombardo e del responsabile unico progetto LIFE TICINO BIOSOURCE (anni 2020-2021) Claudio De Paola e Francesco Magna ........................................................................................................... 12 Presentazione del Presidente della Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente Matteo Fumagalli ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Introduzione ......................................................................................................................................... 14 I. ll progetto LIFE Biosource (Adriano Bellani) .............................................................................. 16 II. Area di studio .......................................................................................................................... 17 III. Le Farfalle del Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino ................................................................. 21 IV. Materiali e metodi ................................................................................................................... 27 V. Citizen science ........................................................................................................................ 33 • Corsi di butterflywatching ................................................................................................. 34 • Workshop .......................................................................................................................... 34 • Maschera di inserimento dati ............................................................................................. 34 • Concorso fotografico .......................................................................................................... 35 Schede delle specie ............................................................................................................. 36 I. Altre specie .......................................................................................................................... 196 Analisi dei dati ................................................................................................................... 202 Prospettive di conservazione ............................................................................................... 224 I. L’indagine prosegue .................................................................................................................. 226 II. Suggerimenti gestionali ............................................................................................................. 227 Butterflywatching: istruzioni per l’uso ............................................................................... 232 Elenco delle Farfalle del Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino ................................................ 238 Bibliografia ................................................................................................................. 246 Papilio machaon. Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino (foto Roberto Repossini) Prefazione al 2002 in molti paesi europei è iniziato lo studio delle popolazioni di farfalle in quanto questi Dsplendidi insetti, per la facilità di osservazione rispetto ad altre specie animali, vengono con- siderati come un utile indicatore biologico della qualità di un ambiente. Se un ambiente è ben conservato e ben equilibrato favorisce un salutare sviluppo di tutti gli altri esseri viventi, uomo compreso. Purtroppo è proprio l’uomo che con le sue attività è causa in molti territori del decadimento della biodiversità, con la riduzione numerica delle popolazioni di piante ed animali e addirittura con l’estinzione di specie in alcuni biotopi. Le prime specie a scomparire sono sempre quelle più specializzate e più rare. L’antropizzazione dei territori comporta una inevitabile diminuzione de- gli ambienti naturali, la distruzione di preziosi habitat e il loro frazionamento che isola le varie popolazioni, ivi comprese quelle delle farfalle, con un progressivo declino. In 200 anni si è passati dagli studi e le conseguenti azioni per proteggere l’uomo dalla natura, vedi alluvioni, frane, terremoti ecc., all’inversione delle parti, ovvero proteggere la natura dall’azione dell’uomo. Fino a qualche anno fa l’unica tecnica utilizzata per lo studio della presenza di specie di farfalle in un determinato sito era la raccolta di alcuni esemplari e la loro conservazione in collezioni e queste sono ancora oggi un’utile documentazione storica che ci consente di conoscere quale fosse la biodiversità di un territorio. Oggi si sta diffondendo una metodologia meno invasiva che utilizza le sole osservazioni e le fo- tografie in natura. Questa tecnica presenta però dei limiti, infatti le osservazioni devono essere fatte da persone molto qualificate che registrino i dati certi, e la fotografia richiede la validazio- ne che non è sempre facile e possibile, in quanto di un esemplare fotografato si perdono alcuni importanti elementi quali le dimensioni, la colorazione, che può essere alterata dalle condizioni di luce, e spesso
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