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The Small Scale Fishery of Linosa (Pelagic Islands : Mediterranean Sea)

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The Small Scale Fishery of Linosa (Pelagic Islands : Mediterranean Sea) Contributions 465 The small scale fishery of Linosa (Pelagie Islands: Mediterranean Sea) SERGIORAGONESE, G. RIVAS LA PÊCHE ARTISANALE DE LTNOSA (ÎLES PÉLAGTQUES, MÉDTTERRANÉE) RÉSUMÉ Le milieu, les engins et les prises de cette îlede 400 habitants sont brièvements décrits. With an extensionof 5.3 km2and lessthan four hundred trueinhabitants,Linosa, the volcanic Pelagian Island, can be considered the <<archetype>>of those &mal1 islands, whose development and resources management have recently received new attention by scientific community and public administrations. Located in the middle of the Sicily Channel, surrounded by deep and clear waters, Linosarepresentsan oasis for demersal resourcesand a natural, extremely efficient, efish aggregation devicexfor the pelagic ones. Indeed, since its last colonization (middleXIX century), agriculture constitutedthe basic economic activity, fishery development having been limitedby the lack ofa suitable harbour and the impossibilityof preserving and commercializing the catch. As tourist activity developed during the last two decades,due to the subtropical climate and the attractionof the wonderful sea, more opportunities were offered top the local fishery. However, in spite of the increased local and foreign demand, Linosian fishermen maintained the traditional small scale characteristicsof their activity. The fleet consisteof about20 wooden boats (no more than2 tons each) powered with small engines(<25 hp), and bottom and trolling Iinesconstitue the preferred gears. Trawlers and purse-seinersare not welcomed around the island. In:LaRechercheFaceàlaPêcheArtisanale,Sy~.Int.ORSTOM-IFREMER,MontpellierFrance,3-7juilletl989~J.-R.Dura~, J. Lemalle et J. Weber (eh.).Paris, ORSTOM, 1991, t. I :465-466. 466 Contributions Bottom longlines (conzi) withan average of 500 hooks (Mustad8-4,10 m spaced and linked theto main by 1.5-2.5 m long snods) are generally setat sunrise or ROO~and always hauled after2-3 hours. Target speciesare Dentex dentex (dentice) - Sparuspagrw (prao) beyond100 m,and Polyprion americanus (cilenga) - Merluccius merluccius (merluzzu) ktween 400-700 m. The hooks are commonly baited withTrachurus trachurus(suro) or Boops boops (uopa) previously caught by hand lines. Trolling (hand) lines are used both unbaited (near-surface) mainly directed to Coryphaena hippurus (lampuga) and baited (middle water) towardSeriola dumerilii (aricciola) and Scomberoids. During summer huge sckoolsof Scomber scomber (sgumbru) are attracted by light and fishedby hand lines. Trap and trammel arenets practically unused;Conger conger (runcu) andMuraena helena (murina) are often the only species caughtby trap, heavily damaging trammel nets when attractedentangled by fish. The strong competition of thesespecies for the hmk and the damage caused by biting theother valuable species explain boththe unusual setting time and theshort duration of the bottom long lines fishery. Epinephelus quaza (cernia), Micteroperca rubra (addotto), Diplodus vulgaris (tista nivura) and Sciaena umbra (corvu), have always been the preferentialspcies for both local and tourist divers: the unconW011ed and often illegal (i.e. by scuba) intense exploitation have strongly depleted these resourcesonce descrikd to lx <<...enormou- sly abundant... >> For its characteristics Linosa might representan ideal natural laboratory for smallscale fisheries biologists, even if one mustbe concerned about the increasing pressureof the humanactivities, this islandbeing an extremely delicate ecosystem. BELLER W.S., (ed.), 1986. Proceedings of Interoceanic Workshspon Sustainable Development andEnvironmental ManagementofSmallIslands.~IS-U.S.De~.ofCom.52$5-PortRoyalRoad,Springfield,Virginia2216~(USA). CIPJELLY F. et al., 1976. The Sea-floraof Linosa Island (Pelagie Islands). Mem.Biol.Mar.Ocean.,VI (5). MANCINI E., 1988. L..e Isole del Sole.U. Mursia ed. :256 p. MOFtELLI P., 1975. Fine Settimana a Linosa.Il Subacqueo, n.29 : 65-69. TORTONESE E., 1975. Osteichthyes. Fauna d’Italia, Vol.X-XI Ed. Calderini Bologna, Italy. .
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