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Public Document No. 17 GUp (Eanwxonmtaliif of HJaaaarijitartta -fc ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF Public Welfare FOR THE Year Ending November 30, 1935 parts i, ii, and iii Publication of this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Financjd 3000 6-'36. Order 7885. foARB. OJTIC S79* W$t Commontoealtija3j) ' of Jffla&sacfmsfette DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE Richard K. Conant, Commissiorier * To the Honorable Senate anal House of Representatives: The Sixteenth Annual Report of the Department of Public Welfare, covering the year from December 1, 1934, to November 30, 1935, is herewith respectfully presented. Members of the Advisory Board of the ^Department of Public Welfare Date of Original Date of Appointment Name Residence Expiration December 10, 1919 Jeffrey R. Brackett Boston December 1, 1937 December 10, 1919 George Crompton Worcester .... December 1, 1936 December 10, 1919 Mrs. Ada Eliot Sheffield .... Cambridge . December 1, 1935 '. July 1,1931 Harry C. Solomon, M.D. Boston December 1,1937 December 21, 1932 Mrs. Ceeilia F. Logan .... Cohasset .... December 1, 1935 February 28, 1934 Francis J. Murphy Salem December 1, 1936 Divisions of the Department of Public Welfare Boston Division of Aid and Relief: Room 30, State House Frank W. Goodhue, Director Miss Flora E. Burton, Supervisor of Social Service Mrs. Elizabeth F. Moloney, Supervisor of Mothers' Aid Edward F. Morgan, Supervisor of Settlements John B. Gallagher, Supervisor of Relief Bureau of Old Age Assistance: 15 Ashburton Place Francis Bardwell, Superintendent Division of Child Guardianship: Room 43, State House Miss Winifred A. Keneran, Director Division of Juvenile Training: 41 Mt. Vernon Street Charles M. Davenport, Director Walter C. Bell, Executive Secretary Miss Almeda F. Cree, Superintendent, Girls' Parole Branch C. Frederick Gilmore, Superintendent, Boys' Parole Branch Subdivision of Private Incorporated Charities: Room 37, State House Miss Florence G. Dickson, Supervisor of Incorporated Charities % Miss Alice M. Mclntire, Supervisor of Incorporated Charities Miss Mary C. Robinson, Supervisor of Incorporated Charities Subdivision of Town Planning: 14 Beacon Street Edward T. Hartman, Visitor to City and Town Planning Boards Subdivision of Crippled Children: 15 Ashburton Place Miss Margaret MacDonald, Supervisor Institutions under the Supervision of the Department of Public Welfare State Infirmary, Tewksbury. Lawrence K. Kelley, M.D., Superintendent Massachusetts Hospital School, Canton. John E. Fish, M.D., Superintendent Lyman School for Boys, Westborough. Charles A. Dubois, Superintendent Industrial School for Boys, Shirley. George P. Campbell, Superintendent Industrial School for Girls,* Lansantor. -Miss Catharine. M. .Campbell, Superin- *•• ! tendent ; . ; *} " a J« State Board of Housing: 209 Washington. Street Sidney T. Strickland, Chairman * Walter V. McCarthy, appointedJCommissi oner December 1, 1935. P.D. 17. Part I REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF PUBLIC WELFARE To get at once for Massachusetts the full advantage of the Federal Social Se- curity Act we introduced at the end of the legislative session in August a bill which made the changes which were necessary in our laws to coordinate them with the Federal law. This bill provided for the acceptance of Federal funds by the appropriate state departments and made some necessary changes in our mothers' aid and old age assistance laws. In August also, an unemployment assist- ance bill was enacted to conform to the provisions of the Federal Act. Our mothers' aid law had been in effect since 1913 in practically the same form as the Social Security Act. It was only necessary for us to reduce from three years to one year the length of time during which an applicant must have resided within the state. Our old age assistance law enacted in 1931 also complied almost exactly with the Federal Act. It was only necessary for us to reduce the required length of residence within the state from twenty years to five years (which must be within the nine years just preceding the date of application), with one year of continuous residence immediately preceding the date of application. To comply with the Federal law the age qualification must be reduced from seventy years to sixty-five years before 1940. The entirely different system of old age benefits pay- able irrespective of need, to be financed under the Federal Act, by a Federal tax on payrolls, does not require state legislation because it is to be operated directly by the Federal Government. As to the six other forms of Federal subsidy provided for in the Social Security Act, Massachusetts was already well equipped with law and methods of work which will enable the appropriate departments to present plans to secure Federal participation. These services are vocational rehabilitation and aid to the blind under the Department of Education, maternal and child welfare work and public health work under the Department of Public Health and the care of homeless or neglected children under the Department of Public Welfare. The three depart- ments are co-operationg in the submission of a plan for the care of crippled children. The legislation which we recommended last year to discard the settlement laws as a basis for reimbursement and substitute a straight percentage subsidy of twenty-five per cent was referred for study to a Recess Commission. Cities and towns opposed the legislation vigorously because of a strong desire to retain the settlement laws as a protection against the residents of other towns coming for relief. In order to centralize the issue upon what seemed to us the most impor- tant reform, we submitted to the Commission a substitute bill. The substitute bill leaves the cities and towns to fight among themselves over settlements, but puts their relationship to the Commonwealth upon the basis of twenty-five per cent reimbursement in every case and discards the settlement laws as the basis of state reimbursements. The cost of welfare relief in Massachusetts is now over $30,000,000 a year. At present the Commonwealth is greatly handicapped in its efforts to improve the system. How can the visitors do their important work of investigating the need of the family for relief and of developing an honest and efficient administration when they must spend all their time in contesting with cities and towns the ques- tion of the legal settlement of the persons aided? Fifty of our state visitors devote themselves now almost entirely to the ques- tion of who shall pay the bill. If the city can prove that the person aided has not gained a legal settlement by five years' residence in a city or town or that he has lost his settlement by five years' absence, it can collect from the Commonwealth. About twenty per cent of the persons aided, or about 100,000 persons a year, are proved to have no legal ^settlement and the^ claims in dispute amount to many : i t 2* *' millions of dollars ev.ery'ye^r. •*•".,:; " •• : ! * A * * The state settlemtint' vjgftots JaVei ver£ expert* in' thfe complicated questions of settlement law and the cities and towns .suffer financially, although they use per- haps one-fifth of the time of three huncjrfed"' visitors in the contest over settlements. • . • • • • i Pt. I. 3 This bill proposes to substitute for this state-wide controversy over settlements a partnership relation between state, cities and towns, in which the State will pay twenty-five per cent of the cost without regard to settlement, giving the State a general power of supervision. Instead of the enormous amount of red tape which at present requires in each case a notice, a visit, an authorization, and a bill, the State would pay twenty-five per cent on a single certificate of the city's expendi- tures for relief, and the visitors could turn their attention to the more important matters of investigating the need of the applicant for relief and helping the fami- lies out of their difficulties. The state temporary aid visitors, instead of trying to visit every case already supposed to be visited by the local visitors, could visit samples of cases and help the local visitors and local boards to improve their systems of work. This bill does not go as far as the bill which we proposed earlier in 1935, to dis- card settlement as a basis for reimbursement from town to town. It applies only to reimbursements from the State to cities and towns for relief in the home, includ- ing temporary aid, mothers' aid and old age assistance. In mothers' aid and old age assistance, the present percentage of reimbursement is one-third for settled cases and the whole amount in unsettled cases. To substitute a single system, twenty-five per cent for all cases, will operate fairly from a financial point of view. When expenditures for temporary aid or unemployment relief are high, the cities and towns will get larger reimbursements than they do under the present system. In times of depression it is fair that the Commonwealth should contribute more heavily to city and town expenditures. It should make this contribution accord- ing to a routine system rather than through special loans. In the long run the proposed bill will save money for cities, towns and State, by putting our efforts upon increased efficiency of administration of welfare relief instead of centering attention upon the question whether the bill for each case shall be paid from one of the taxpayer's pockets or from another, that is, from the state tax or from the local tax. Duties of the Department of Public Welfare The State Department of Public Welfare has the following principal duties: 1. Supervision over the five state institutions of the Department: State Infirmary, Tewksbury. Massachusetts Hospital School, Canton. Lyman School for Boys, Westborough. Industrial School for Boys, Shirley. Industrial School for Girls, Lancaster. 2. Direction of public relief, both indoor and outdoor, given to unsettled persons by cities and towns.