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Bauhinia Variegata Botanical Name: Bauhinia Variegata Common Name
Bauhinia variegata Botanical name: Bauhinia variegata Common name: Bogakatra, Koliar Morphological characters: Bauhinia variegata is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree with a short bole and spreading crown, attaining a height of up to 15 m and diameter of 50 cm. In dry forests, the size is much smaller. The bark is light brownish grey, smooth to slightly fissured and scaly. Inner bark is pinkish, fibrous and bitter. The twigs are slender, zigzag; when young, light green, slightly hairy, and angled, becoming brownish grey. Leaves have minute stipules 1-2 mm, early caducous; petiole puberulous to glabrous, 3-4 cm; lamina broadly ovate to circular, often broader than long, 6- 16 cm diameter; 11-13 nerved; tips of lobes broadly rounded, base cordate; upper surface glabrous, lower glaucous but glabrous when fully grown. Flower clusters (racemes) are unbranched at ends of twigs. The few flowers have short, stout stalks and a stalklike, green, narrow basal tube (hypanthium). The light green, fairly hairy calyx forms a pointed 5-angled bud and splits open on 1 side, remaining attached; petals 5, slightly unequal, wavy margined and narrowed to the base; 5 curved stamens; very slender, stalked, curved pistil, with narrow, green, 1-celled ovary, style and dotlike stigma. Growing season and type: 1. In its natural habitat in India, the tree is deciduous, remaining leafless from Jan-Feb to April with leaf fall in Nov-Dec. 2. Flowering occurs when the plant is leafless. 3. Tree starts flowering at a very early age of 2-3 years. 4. The seeds disperse from the pods and germinate on sites with favourable light and moisture conditions, while in unfavourable niches the radicle dries up or is destroyed by birds. -
Bauhinia Variegata L
B Bauhinia variegata L. K. F. CONNOR Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service FABACEAE (BEAN FAMILY) Phanera variegata (L.) Benth. Buddhist bauhinia, flamboyán orquídea, mountain-ebony, orchidtree, palo de orquídeas, patabuey, poor-man’s orchid About 600 species of Bauhinia grow in the tropical regions of cent stearic, and traces of myristic fatty acids (Zaka and others the world (Larson 1974). The genus includes trees, vines, and 1983). The residual meal contains 41 percent protein. shrubs that are frequently planted for their showy flowers and Bauhinia spp. bloom within 3 to 4 years (Bailey 1941). In ornamental foliage (Bailey 1941, Neal 1965). Bauhinia variega- Puerto Rico, B. variegata flowers occur from autumn to spring ta is native to southeastern Asia and grows from India to (Little and others 1974). The five-petaled, showy flowers China. It is one of the most commonly cultivated small trees in appear on short racemes, about seven to each shoot. They are India and is a reliable greenhouse species (Bailey 1941). A 7.6 to 10.2 cm across and range in color from white (in the popular planting in Florida and Hawaii, the species has variety candida Buch.-Ham.) to rose or lavender-purple (Bailey escaped and naturalized in the southern foothills of Puerto 1941, Little and others 1974). Bailey (1941) and Neal (1965) Rico and throughout the West Indies. report that the petals are variegated with red and yellow, and Bauhinia variegata is a small to medium-sized evergreen that the lowest petal is larger and marked with crimson. Bailey or deciduous tree (Little and others 1974) that reaches 1.8 to (1949) notes that the petal lips are often attractively marked or 7.6 m in height and up to 20.3 cm in diameter. -
Purple Orchid Tree and Its Relatives (Bauhinia Variegata Or B
University of California Cooperative Extension Central Coast & South Region Center for Landscape and Urban Horticulture Purple Orchid Tree and Its Relatives (Bauhinia variegata or B. purpurea) By Kathie Carter Cooperative Extension/Botany Plant Sciences Dept. University California Riverside Introduction: The purple orchid tree is a fast growing tree that can grow up to 35 feet tall and develop multiple trunks. The tree is semi-evergreen with large leaves that are, two lobed and heart-shaped. The flowers are large and very showy, about five inches wide with a slight fragrance. The flower resembles an orchid, thus the plant’s common name. The trees usually bloom in the fall between September through November. When the flowers are done blooming large, 12-inch long seed pods develop and hang from the branches. This tree can be a perfect addition to any garden as a specimen plant because of the spectacular flower show. The flower is also known as the poor mans orchid. Flowers range from purple, pink and white. General Information: Scientific name: Bauhinia variegata or B. purpurea. Common Name: Purple orchid tree. Family: Luguminosae, Fabaceae. Origin: India, China (not native to North America). Uses: In parking lots, streets and as a specimen or general landscape tree. Varieties: There are several different species of Bauhinia although they are not easy to find. Some are evergreen, have red, orange, pink or white colored flowers, bloom at different times of the year and are originate from different countries. The most common and most frequently planted in Southern California is the B. variegate (purpurea). 2 Purple Orchid Tree and Its Relatives (cont.) General Care: The purple orchid tree should be planted in full sun and watered deeply but infrequently in summer; established trees need to be watered thoroughly about every 10 days during the warmer months of the year. -
Desirable Plant List
Carpinteria-Summerland Fire Protection District High Fire Hazard Area Desirable Plant List Desirable Qualities for Landscape Plants within Carpinteria/Summerland High Fire Hazard areas • Ability to store water in leaves or • Ability to withstand drought. stems. • Prostrate or prone in form. • Produces limited dead and fine • Ability to withstand severe pruning. material. • Low levels of volatile oils or resins. • Extensive root systems for controlling erosion. • Ability to resprout after a fire. • High levels of salt or other compounds within its issues that can contribute to fire resistance. PLANT LIST LEGEND Geographical Area ......... ............. Water Needs..... ............. Evergreen/Deciduous C-Coastal ............. ............. H-High . ............. ............. E-Evergreen IV-Interior Valley ............. ............. M-Moderate....... ............. D-Deciduous D-Deserts ............. ............. L-Low... ............. ............. E/D-Partly or ............. ............. VL -Very Low .... ............. Summer Deciduous Comment Code 1 Not for use in coastal areas......... ............ 13 ........ Tends to be short lived. 2 Should not be used on steep slopes........ 14 ........ High fire resistance. 3 May be damaged by frost. .......... ............ 15 ........ Dead fronds or leaves need to be 4 Should be thinned bi-annually to ............ ............. removed to maintain fire safety. remove dead or unwanted growth. .......... 16 ........ Tolerant of heavy pruning. 5 Good for erosion control. ............. ........... -
TAXON:Bauhinia Variegata SCORE:8.0 RATING:High Risk
TAXON: Bauhinia variegata SCORE: 8.0 RATING: High Risk Taxon: Bauhinia variegata Family: Fabaceae Common Name(s): mountain ebony Synonym(s): B. variegata var. alboflava de Wit orchidtree B. variegata var. candida Voigt Bauhinia alba hort. Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 8 Feb 2017 WRA Score: 8.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Environmental Weed, Ornamental, Fodder, Self-Compatible, Coppices Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 -
The Pharmacological Importance of Bauhinia Variegata. a Review
Ali Esmail Al-Snafi / International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR) The Pharmacological Importance of Bauhinia variegata. A Review Ali Esmail Al-Snafi Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Thi qar University, Nasiriyah, P O Box 42, Iraq. Cell: +9647801397994. E mail: [email protected] Abstract: Bauhinia variegata L. was widely used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of complains. It contained many secondary metabolites which are suitable to be used as medicines. The phytochemical screening revealed that Bauhinia variegata contained terpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins, saponins, reducing sugars, steroids and cardiac glycosides. The pharmacological studies showed that Bauhinia variegate exerted anticancer, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, immunomodulating, molluscicidal and wound healing effects. This review aimed to highlight the chemical constituents and the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Bauhinia variegate. Keywords: Bauhinia variegate, phytochemistry, pharmacology Introduction: Plants are a valuable source of a wide range of secondary metabolites, which are used as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, flavors, fragrances, colors, biopesticides and food additives. Plants have been used as drugs by humans since thousands of years ago. As a result of accumulated experience from the past generations. Bauhinia variegata L (Synonyms: Phanera variegata Benth) (1-2), which commonly known as mountain ebony, orchid-tree, poor-man’s orchid, camel's foot and Napoleon's hat (2-3), belongs to the family Leguminosae. It was planted in garden, park and roadsides as ornamental plant in many warm temperate and subtropical regions. It was native to Southeast Asia and grows in tropical and subtropical climate (4-6). All parts of the plant (leaves, flower buds, flower, stem, stem bark, seeds and roots) were used in traditional medicine. -
Bauhinia Purpurea Fabaceae
Bauhinia purpurea L. Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae khairwal, karar, kachan LOCAL NAMES English (purple bauhinia,orchid tree,camel's foot tree,butterfly tree,geranium tree); Hindi (kota,raktakanchan,khairwal,karar,kanchan); Malay (tapak kuda); Nepali (tanki); Spanish (pie de cabra); Thai (sieowaan,sieo dok daeng); Trade name (kachan,karar,khairwal); Vietnamese (m[os]ng b[of] t[is]m) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Bauhinia purpurea is a small to medium-sized deciduous fast-growing shrub or tree with a round, symmetrical, moderate dense crown to 10 m fruit (David Lee, Professor and Chairperson. tall, young branches becoming glabrous or nearly so (glabrescent). In dry Department of Biological Sciences, Florida forests, the size is much smaller. The bark is pale grey brown, fairly International Unive) smooth to slightly fissured and scaly. The twigs are slender, light green, slightly hairy, and angled, becoming brownish grey. The heart-wood is brown, hard and durable. Leaves simple, alternate, base rounded to shallow-cordate, up to 12 cm x 12 cm, deeply 2-lobed at apex up to 1/3-1/2, ca. 7-12 cm long, and equally wide, margin entire and the surfaces smooth and glabrous, and 9- or 11- nerved at base, the apex lobes rounded or obtuse to subacute, minute stipules 1-2 mm long, petioles puberulous to glabrous, 2.5-3.5 cm long; leaf blades 4.5-11 cm long. flowers (David Lee, Professor and Chairperson. Department of Biological Inflorescence a 6-10-flowered raceme in terminal panicles; flowers Sciences, Florida International Unive) numerous, hypanthium, turbinate, purple to nearly white or at least purple- marked, the flower buds clavate (club-shaped), velvety, ca 3-4 cm long prior to anthesis; fertile stamens 3 or 4, the anthers ca 6 mm long, versatile; ovary superior; corolla of 5 narrow petals and constricted at base, oblanceolate, 3-5cm long, claws 5-10mm long, the banner purple- striate, ca 7 mm wide; calyx tubular, erupted by corolla along one side when flower fully expanding; calyx split into 2 valves with 5 teeth. -
Published On: 1 March 2012 UPLIFTMENT of TRIBALS of DHULE and NANDURBAR DISTRICTS (MAHARASHTRA, INDIA) D
Life sciences Leaflets 3:17-22,2012. FREE DOWNLOAD ISSN 2277-4297(Print)0976–1098(Online) st Published on: 1 March 2012 UPLIFTMENT OF TRIBALS OF DHULE AND NANDURBAR DISTRICTS (MAHARASHTRA, INDIA) D. A. PATIL POST GRADUATE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, L. K. Dr. P. R. GHOGREY, SCIENCE COLLEGE, DHULE-424005, (MAHARASHTRA) INDIA. dapatil_10aug@ yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Extensive and intensive botanization was carried out during the last two decades in the erstwhile Dhule district (presently Dhule and Nandurbar districts) of the state of Maharashtra. Pawara, Bhil. Kokani, Mavachi, etc. are the main tribe especially in hilly tract of Satpura mountain and extended offshoots of Western Ghats in these districts. The forests and forests products, besides the traditional cultivated crops are the main sources of their sustenance. The present study attempts at highlighting plant species utilized by them for medicine, food, dyes, gums, tannins, oils, fodder, fuel, timber, thatching huts and hedges, agricultural and household implements, etc. It appeared worth suggesting that these districts are quite rich in raw materials from viewpoint of cottage industries for upliftment of these people. KEY WORD: Upliftment, Vegetable resources, Dhule-Nandurbar districts. INTRODUCTION: Dhule and Nandurbar districts are situated at the north-western border of Maharashtra state. They stretch between 73°47′ and 75°11′ east longitudes and between 20°38′ and 23°3′ north latitudes. The forests area is about 4732.199 sq.km. According to 1991 census, the population of these districts is 2535715. Out of 1523 villages, 871 villages are inhabited by tribals such as Pawara, Bhil, Kokani, Mavachi, etc. Nearly the area is 41% tribal. -
CHARACTERIZATION of the MOLLUSCICIDAL ACTIVITY of Bauhinia Variegata and Mimusops Elengi PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST the Fasciola VECTOR Lymnaea Acuminata
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo 54(3):135-140, May-June, 2012 doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652012000300004 CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MOLLUSCICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Bauhinia variegata AND Mimusops elengi PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST THE Fasciola VECTOR Lymnaea acuminata Kanchan Lata SINGH, D.K. SINGH & Vinay Kumar SINGH SUMMARY The molluscicidal activity of Bauhinia variegata leaf and Mimusops elengi bark was studied against vector snail Lymnaea acuminata. The toxicity of both plants was time and concentration-dependent. Among organic extracts, ethanol extracts of both plants were more toxic. Toxicity of B. variegata leaf ethanolic extract (96h LC50- 14.4 mg/L) was more pronounced than M. elengi bark ethanolic extract (96h LC50-15.0 mg/L). The 24h LC50 of column purified fraction of B. variegata and M. elengi bark were 20.3 mg/L and 18.3 mg/L, respectively. Saponin and quercetin were characterized and identified as active molluscicidal component. Co- migration of saponin (Rf 0.48) and quercetin (Rf 0.52) with column purified bark of M. elengi and leaf of B. variegata on thin layer chromatography demonstrate same Rf value i.e. 0.48 and 0.52, respectively. The present study clearly indicates the possibility of using M. elengi and/or B. variegata as potent molluscicide. KEYWORDS: Molluscicidal activity; Plant species; Extracts; Lymnaeid vector; Fasciola; Snail; Lymnaea acuminata; Bauhinia variegata; Mimusops elengi. INTRODUCTION of pharmacological effects of both the plants have been noted2,13, yet molluscicidal activity of these plants have not been reported till date. Fasciolosis is one of the most debilitating zoonotic diseases caused by the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica14-16,36. -
Bauhinia Variegata L
Bauhinia variegata L. Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae kachnar LOCAL NAMES Bengali (swet-kanchan,rakta-kanchan,rakta-kamhar); Cantonese (kanchivala); English (orchid tree,camel's foot,mountain ebony,Napoleon's hat,paper mulberry,poor man's orchid,bauhinia); Hindi (bogakatra,koliar,raktha- kanchan,mandari,kural,gurial,gwiar,kachnar,padrian); Malay (akbar tapak kerbau,kupu-kupu,kotidaram); Nepali (kachnar,koiralo); Sanskrit (kanchanar,tamrapushpi); Spanish (flamboyán orquídea,palo de orquídeas); Tamil (chemmonadarei,segapumanchorii); Trade name (kachnar); Urdu (kachnal) Flowering tree (Ellis RP) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Bauhinia variegata is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree with a short bole and spreading crown, attaining a height of up to 15 m and diameter of 50 cm. In dry forests, the size is much smaller. The bark is light brownish grey, smooth to slightly fissured and scaly. Inner bark is pinkish, fibrous and bitter. The twigs are slender, zigzag; when young, light green, slightly hairy, and angled, becoming brownish grey. Leaves have minute stipules 1-2 mm, early caducous; petiole puberulous to glabrous, 3-4 cm; lamina broadly ovate to circular, often broader than Flower (Ellis RP) long, 6-16 cm diameter; 11-13 nerved; tips of lobes broadly rounded, base cordate; upper surface glabrous, lower glaucous but glabrous when fully grown. Flower clusters (racemes) are unbranched at ends of twigs. The few flowers have short, stout stalks and a stalklike, green, narrow basal tube (hypanthium). The light green, fairly hairy calyx forms a pointed 5-angled bud and splits open on 1 side, remaining attached; petals 5, slightly unequal, wavy margined and narrowed to the base; 5 curved stamens; very slender, stalked, curved pistil, with narrow, green, 1-celled ovary, The white flowers of the 'candida' variety. -
Morphological and Phenological Studies of Bauhinia Variegata L
Asian Journal of Agriculture & Life Sciences Vol. 3(2), April 2018: 44-48 Website: www.crsdindia.com/ajals.html e-ISSN: 2455-6149 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Morphological and Phenological Studies of Bauhinia variegata L. Anil and Prabodh Srivastava Department of Botany, Dharm Samaj College, Aligarh (U.P.) Email:[email protected] Received: 25th Dec. 2017, Revised: 3rd Feb. 2018, Accepted: 8th Feb. 2018 ABSTRACT Bauhinia variegata L. of Caesalpinaceae is a deciduous tree of medium size. Plant is mainly used as ornamental in gardens. Floral, leaf, fruit and seed morphology were studied along with phenology of the plant. Key words: Morphology, Phenology, Bauhinia variegata INTRODUCTION Bauhinia variegata L. is a species of flowering plant in the family Caesalpinaceae, native to southeastern Asia, from southern China west to India. It is a small to medium – sized tree growing to 10 – 12 m height, deciduous in the dry season. It is a very popular ornamental tree in subtropical and tropical climates, grown for its scented flowers. It is commonly known as yellow bell and yellow Bauhinia. Phenology is the study of growth of buds, leaf flushing, anthesis, fruiting and leaf fall in relation to season or years with climatic factors. The phenological studies are important in conservation of tree genetic resources and forestry management as well as for a better understanding of the ecological adaptations of plant species and community level interactions. The phenological studies in general and flowering phenology in particular are useful in planning out the conservational strategies as well as formulating measures for cultivating such species on large scale (Schemake, et al., 1994; Delanoe, et al., 1996; Wafai, et al., 1996 and Bernardello, et al., 2001). -
Determination of Α- Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and Phytochemical Investigation of Bauhinia Malabarica
Determination of α- glucosidase inhibitory activity and phytochemical investigation of Bauhinia malabarica Diploma thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Natural Sciences Karl- Franzens- University Graz For the degree “Magistra Pharmaciae” Presented by Elisabeth Plhak Graz, December 2015 “Das Wissen ist in unserem Leben, was die Blume im nützlichen Gras ist: sie gibt ihren Duft zum Futter.” Ludwig Ganghofer, “Der Hohe Schein“ 2 This research work was accomplished at the Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Thailand and the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Natural Sciences Karl- Franzens- University Graz Austria 3 Acknowledgements First of all I want to thank Prof. Dr. Sukanya Dej- adisai for supporting me at my work and for answering all my questions. Furthermore I am grateful to her for the organisation of my stay in Thailand and the excursions I was able to join with her and her students. I want to thank Prof. Dr. Adelheid Brantner for supervising me at the University of Graz and for making my stay in Thailand possible. Furthermore I am very thankful for her useful advices concerning cultural aspects. I want to thank the Phd- and Master- students in the laboratory at the Institute of Pharmacognosy in Hat Yai, especially Thanet Pitakbut, Wanlapa Nuankaew and Sathianpong Klaewchit for introducing me to the working techniques in the laboratory and sharing their knowledge, experience and free time with me. I am grateful for the time we spent together not only in the laboratory but also at the holidays and the family celebrations.