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Archiv Für Naturgeschichte © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Bei'iclit über die wissenschaftlichen Leistungeu auf dein (ilebiete der Arthropoden während der Jahre 1875 und 1870. Von Dr. Philipp Bertkau in Bonn. Mit gegenwärtigem Doppelbericlite über die Leistungen auf dem Gebiete der Arthropoden während 1875 und 187G schliesse ich die Reihe der Doppel berichte und hoffe, die künftigen Jahresberichte zeitig nach dem Er- scheinen der betreffenden Arbeiten liefern zu können. Auf Wunsch der Redaktion habe ich auch den Bericht über die Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachnideu übernommen; als ich mich dazu entschloss, hatte ich die Literatur für den Bericht über die Leistungen in der Entomologie pro 1873—74 schon ziemlich vollständig durchgesehen und habe daher aus diesen Jahren nur wenige Arbeiten berücksich- tigen können; aus den Jahren 1871 und 1872, bis zu denen der betreffende Bericht im Rückstande war, habe ich keine literarische Erscheinung berücksichtigt, und bcdaure, diese Lücke unausgefüUt lassen zu müssen. F. Goldenberg hat die fossilen Thierreste, die aus der Steinkohlenformation Saarbrückens bekannt geworden und z.Th. bereits früher (in derPalaeoutographica) beschrieben sind, zusammengestellt, mit neuen bereichert und die älteren Bestimmungen und Deutungen einer Revision unterzogen, und das Resultat dieser Arbeit in 2 Heften 4 ^ (Fauna Saraepon- tana Fossilis; von Dr. Friedrich Goldenberg, Saarbrücken, Verlag von Chr. Möllinger, I. Heft 1873; IL Heft 1877) mit 2G resp. 54 Seiten Text und je 2 Tafeln Abbildungen ver- öffentlicht. Die Thierreste der Steinkohlenzeit sind sehr spärlich gefunden, und von den gemachten Funden gehört Archiv für Naturg. XXXXTI. Jahrg. 2. Bd. 210 Bertkau: Bericlit über die wissenschaftlichen Leistungen © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at die Mehrzahl (V4) dem Saarbrückener Lager an, so dass, wie der Autor in der Einleitung bemerkt, nur ein Supple- mentheft mit 1 Tafel erforderlich ist, um die Saarbrückener Fauna zu einer allgemeinen des Kohlengebirges zu er- weitern. So weit Arthropodenreste in Betracht kommen, vertheilen sich dieselben auf folgende Ordnungen: Coleo- ptera, Falaeodictyoptera, Orthoptera, Rhynchota unter den Insekten; Araneae unter den Arachniden; Diplopoda unter den Myriapoden, Decapoda, Isopoda, Ostracoda und Phyllopoda unter den Crustaceeu. Der Käferrest ist Troxites Germari; die Ordnung der Falaeodictyoptera ist auf die beiden Gattungen Dictyoneiira Gbg. und Eugereon Dohrn gegründet, die netzadrige Flügel, aber mit einem solchenAderverlauf, wie er jetzt nicht mehr bekannt ist, haben; ferner zählt Goldenberg in dieselbe Ordnung die im ame- rikanischen Kohlengebirge gefundenen Gattungen Miamia, Hemeristica, Platephemera, Haplophlebium, Omalia, Homo- thetus, Lithentomum, Xenoneura, die im Supplementheft behandelt werden sollen. Einzelne der Gattungen zeigen Charaktere vereint, die heutzutage auf Neuropteren und Orthopteren vertheilt sind; (ist wohl schwer zu sagen, da der einzige durchgreifende Unterschied zwischen Ortho- ptera und Neuroptera in der unvollkommenen oder voll- kommenen Verwandelung liegt) ; die Gattung Eugereon ihrer- seits zeigt neben einem sonstigen Neuropterenhabitus (in Körperbau, Flügelgeäder, Fühlerbildung) Mundtheile, die zu den saugenden der Hemipteren hinüberleiten. Die hierher gehörigen Reste sind verhältnissmässig zahlreich: Dictyo- neura libelluloides, anthracophila, formosa, Decheni, elegans^ (H. IL p. 9, T. I. 1), elongata (H. IL p. 10, T. L 2), Schmitdi (H. II, p. 11, T. I 3), ohsoleta (H. II, p. 11, T. I. 4), Humholdtiana (H. I. p. 11, T. IL 8); Eugereon Böckingi Dohrn; Haplophlebium Barnesii Scudd.; Omalia macroptera van Bened. u. Coem. Die Orthopterenreste ver- theilen sich auf Pseudo- neuroptera und Genuina. Erstere werden sämmtlich den Termiten zugezählt; es sind das Termes Heeri, affinis, Hageni, Buchi (H. I, p. 12, T. IL 9), laxa (H. II, p. 17, T. I. 5); Termitidium amissum (H. IT, p. 17, T. I. 6), nigosiim (H. II, p. 17, T. L 14). Von 1 auf Gebiete der Arthropoden während der Jahre 1875 u. 1876. 21 dem © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at den 0. Genuina sind neben einigen Springern (Gryllacris lithanthraca (H. I, p. 20, T. IL 17), Acridites formosus (H. I, p. 18, T. II. 18)) namentlich die Schaben reichlich ver- treten: Blattina priraaeva, gracilis, Lebachensis, Lahachensis (H. I, p. 16, T. IL 15), Tischheini (H. I, p. 16, T. IL 16), insignis (H. I, p. 17, T. IL 14), Wemmetsiveileriensis (H. II, p. 24, T. I. 9), intermedia (H. II, p. 24, T. I. 10), ve- nosa (H. II, p. 25, T. I. 7), scaberata (H. II, p. 25, T. I. 8), Winteriana, Weissiana, Remigii; Polyzosterites (?) grauosus. Die drei Rhynchotenreste werden den Leuchtzirpen beige- zählt als Fiilgorina Ebersi, Lebachensis (H. II, p. 30, T. 1. 19), Kliveri. Der Arachnidenrest ist die von Roemer als Protolycosa anthracophila benannte Spinne. Von Tausend- füssern sind Julus Brassii und Xylobius Sigillariac be- kannt. Goldenberg deutet eine Scheere als einem De- capoden, Garcinochelus anthracophilus (H. II, p. 34, T. IL 31) angehörig, ohne die Möglichkeit, dass sie einem Scorpion angehört haben könnte, in Erwägung zu ziehen. Carcinurus fimbriatus ist ein Amphipode; Oniscina ornata (H. I. p. 20, T. I. 13) und 0. (?) lithanthracis (= Choniono- tus 1. Jord.) sind Isopoden; doch hält Goldenberg dafür, dass letzterer Rest die Eikapsel einer Blattide (Polyzoste- rites granosus) sein könnte, was mir unwahrscheinlich ist. Die übrigen Crustaceeureste gehören, mit Ausnahme einiger zweifelhafter Gattungen (Arthropleura, Arthropleurion^ Lepto^oa), den Ostracoden und Phyllopoden an; nämlich Candora elongata, Lynceites ornatus; Branchipus (-ites) anthracinus (H. I, p. 23, T. I. 15); Estheria striata, tenclla, limbata (H. II, p. 43, T. L 12-14), ri^nosa (H. II, p. 44, T. IL 16- -18); LeaiaLeidyi, Baentschiana, Kliveriana (H. II, p. 46, T. IL 20, 21 und H. I, p. 24, T. L 22). S. H. Scudder berichtet über einige Fossilreste von Arthropoden in dem Kohlenschiefer von Cap Breton. Proc. Boston Societ. Vol. XVIII. p. 113. Am interessantesten ist eine Larve, die einer Libellenlarve ähnlich sieht, aber doch beträchtlich von dem „gewöhnlichen Typus" einer solchen abweicht. Scudder hält es für möglich, dass sie die Larve des von ihm früher beschriebeuen Haplophlebium Barnesii sein könnte. 212 Bertkau: Bericht über die wissenschaftlichen Leistungen © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Liste generale des Articul6s cavernieoles de TEurope; par MM. L. Bedel et E. Simon. Journal de Zoologie IV. p. 110 ff. Die Verfasser geben ein Ver- zeicbniss der aus den europäischen Grotten bekannt ge- wordenen Arthropoden mit Angabe des Literaturuacbweises, wo die betreffende Art zuerst als Höhlenbewobner erwäbnt ist; angeschlossen sind hier und da Bemerkungen über die Lebensweise, Reduction der Augen, sowie kritiscber Art. Die Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden sind von Simon, die Insekten von Bedel bearbeitet. So weit ich sehen kann, ist das Verzeichniss vollständig. Es enthält 1 Decapoden, 1 Amphipoden, 2 Isopoden, 15 Araneen, 4 Chernetiden, 11 Phalangiden, 4 Acariden, 4 Myriapoden, 125 Coleopteren, 3 Orthopteren, Neuropteren, 7 Thysan- uren, Lepidopteren, Dipteren, Hemipteren. F. A. Forel macht eine zweite Mittheilung über die Tiefseefauna des Genfer See's, die auch unter den Arthropoden einige Vertreter hat Verb. Schweiz. Na- turf. G eselisch, in Chur. 57. Jahresvers. Jahresbericht 1873—74 p. 129 ff. lieber die Arthropodenfauna von Rodriguez finden sich Notizen in den Ann. a. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4. ser.) XVIL p. 406 ff. (Isopoden, Myriapoden, Arachniden, Orthopteren, Hemipteren, Lepidopteren, Dipteren, Hymenopteren). R. Latzel iführt in seinen Beiträgen zur Fauna Kärntens Arthropoden aus allen Klassen auf, die ihm be- sonders auffallen, jedoch nur die Myriapoden scheinen in dem Verzeichniss (mit 21 A.) in einer der Wirklichkeit annähernd entsprechenden Zahl aufzutreten. J a h r b, n a t u r h. Landesmus. Kärnten. XII. p. 95 fif. Aus einem Briefe H. N. Mosel ey's an Hooker ist folgende Bemerkung über die Arthropodenfauna der Ker- guelen von Interesse. Die auf den Kerguelen gefundenen Insekten waren zwei flügellose Fliegen, eine von der Grösse der Stubenfliege, die andere von der einer Fleischfliege (blow-fly), eine flügellose und eine geflügelte Mücke, ein kleiner, sehr kurz geflügelter Nachtschmetterling (auf Jun- cus), zwei oder drei Käfer (Curculio und Staphyliuidae) und drei oder vier Spinnenthiere (Saltici und ein Trombi- © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at auf dem Gebiete der Arthropoden während der Jahre 1875 u. 1876. 213 dium). Die grössere der Fliegen findet sich an der Basis der Blätter einer Pringlea und legt ihre Eier in die sich dort ansammelnde Flüssigkeit. Sie ist hier so häufig, dass ein Kopf 10 — 12 Stück liefert. Ihre Bewegungen sind träge. Dieselbe Fliege findet sich auch auf Heard (Yong) Island auf Pringlea in grosser Anzahl. The Journal of the Linnean Society. Zoology., Vol. XII. No. 64. 82."^ p. 578 f Botany. Vol. XV. Nr. p. 54. Das Vorherr- schen ungeflügelter Insekten ist jedenfalls höchst beraerkens- werth und wohl durch den Vortheil erklärbar, den uuge- flügelte Insekten von Küstenländern gegenüber geflügelten bei starken Stürmen genicssen, wie Darwin ausgeführt hat. Ausführliches über die Gesammtfauna theilt A. E. Eaton in einem Schreiben an die Royal Society mit (ab- gedruckt in den Ann.
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