Proyecto Afro-Coquimbo: La Historia Después Del Olvido
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Geotechnical Reconnaissance of the 2015 Mw8.3 Illapel, Chile Earthquake
GEOTECHNICAL EXTREME EVENTS RECONNAISSANCE (GEER) ASSOCIATION Turning Disaster into Knowledge Geotechnical Reconnaissance of the 2015 Mw8.3 Illapel, Chile Earthquake Editors: Gregory P. De Pascale, Gonzalo Montalva, Gabriel Candia, and Christian Ledezma Lead Authors: Gabriel Candia, Universidad del Desarrollo-CIGIDEN; Gregory P. De Pascale, Universidad de Chile; Christian Ledezma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Felipe Leyton, Centro Sismológico Nacional; Gonzalo Montalva, Universidad de Concepción; Esteban Sáez, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Gabriel Vargas Easton, Universidad de Chile. Contributing Authors: Juan Carlos Báez, Centro Sismológico Nacional; Christian Barrueto, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Cristián Benítez, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Jonathan Bray, UC Berkeley; Alondra Chamorro, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Tania Cisterna, Universidad de Concepción; Fernando Estéfan Thibodeaux Garcia, UC Berkeley; José González, Universidad de Chile; Diego Inzunza, Universidad de Concepción; Rosita Jünemann, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Benjamín Ledesma, Universidad de Concepción; Álvaro Muñoz, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Antonio Andrés Muñoz, Universidad de Chile; José Quiroz, Universidad de Concepción; Francesca Sandoval, Universidad de Chile; Pedro Troncoso, Universidad de Concepción; Carlos Videla, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Angelo Villalobos, Universidad de Chile. GEER Association Report No. GEER-043 Version 1: December 10, 2015 FUNDING -
Damage Assessment of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel Earthquake in the North‑Central Chile
Natural Hazards https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-018-3541-3 ORIGINAL PAPER Damage assessment of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake in the North‑Central Chile José Fernández1 · César Pastén1 · Sergio Ruiz2 · Felipe Leyton3 Received: 27 May 2018 / Accepted: 19 November 2018 © Springer Nature B.V. 2018 Abstract Destructive megathrust earthquakes, such as the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel event, frequently afect Chile. In this study, we assess the damage of the 2015 Illapel Earthquake in the Coquimbo Region (North-Central Chile) using the MSK-64 macroseismic intensity scale, adapted to Chilean civil structures. We complement these observations with the analysis of strong motion records and geophysical data of 29 seismic stations, including average shear wave velocities in the upper 30 m, Vs30, and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios. The calculated MSK intensities indicate that the damage was lower than expected for such megathrust earthquake, which can be attributable to the high Vs30 and the low predominant vibration periods of the sites. Nevertheless, few sites have shown systematic high intensi- ties during comparable earthquakes most likely due to local site efects. The intensities of the 2015 Illapel earthquake are lower than the reported for the 1997 Mw 7.1 Punitaqui intraplate intermediate-depth earthquake, despite the larger magnitude of the recent event. Keywords Subduction earthquake · H/V spectral ratio · Earthquake intensity 1 Introduction On September 16, 2015, at 22:54:31 (UTC), the Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake occurred in the Coquimbo Region, North-Central Chile. The epicenter was located at 71.74°W, 31.64°S and 23.3 km depth and the rupture reached an extent of 200 km × 100 km, with a near trench rupture that caused a local tsunami in the Chilean coast (Heidarzadeh et al. -
Climatic Characteristics of the Semi-Arid Coquimbo Region in Chile
Journal of Arid Environments 126 (2016) 7e11 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Arid Environments journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jaridenv Climatic characteristics of the semi-arid Coquimbo Region in Chile * S. Montecinos a, b, , J.R. Gutierrez c, d, e,F.Lopez-Cort es c,D.Lopez d a Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de La Serena, Avenida Juan Cisternas 1200, La Serena, Chile b Centro Estudio Recursos de Energía, Universidad Arturo Prat (CERE-UNAP), Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique, Chile c Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitran 1305, La Serena, Chile d Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Raúl Bitran 1305, La Serena, Chile e Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB), Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile article info abstract Article history: The climate of the Coquimbo Region, north-central Chile is driven by atmospheric, oceanic and Received 17 December 2014 orographic factors. The southeast Pacific anticyclone, the cold Humboldt Current and the rugged Received in revised form topography that characterize the zone, determine thermally induced wind regimes and the formation of 5 May 2015 low stratocumulus along the coastline. Low precipitation and high solar radiation cause important cli- Accepted 30 September 2015 matic altitudinal gradients, especially on temperature and humidity, thus different climatic areas can be Available online 17 October 2015 identified in the region. We summarized the general climatic characteristics of the study area and analyzed meteorological data to understand the behavior of the environmental variables. We used Keywords:: Atmospheric modeling mesoscale modeling to evaluate the spatial characteristics of the mean air temperature, humidity and Semi-arid zones wind. -
First Meeting “Cystic Echinococcosis in Chile, Update in Alternatives for Control and Diagnostics in Animals and Humans” Cristian A
Alvarez Rojas et al. Parasites & Vectors (2016) 9:502 DOI 10.1186/s13071-016-1792-y MEETINGREPORT Open Access First meeting “Cystic echinococcosis in Chile, update in alternatives for control and diagnostics in animals and humans” Cristian A. Alvarez Rojas1*, Fernando Fredes2, Marisa Torres3, Gerardo Acosta-Jamett4, Juan Francisco Alvarez5, Carlos Pavletic6, Rodolfo Paredes7* and Sandra Cortés3,8 Abstract This report summarizes the outcomes of a meeting on cystic echinococcosis (CE) in animals and humans in Chile held in Santiago, Chile, between the 21st and 22nd of January 2016. The meeting participants included representatives of the Departamento de Zoonosis, Ministerio de Salud (Zoonotic Diseases Department, Ministry of Health), representatives of the Secretarias Regionales del Ministerio de Salud (Regional Department of Health, Ministry of Health), Instituto Nacional de Desarrollo Agropecuario (National Institute for the Development of Agriculture and Livestock, INDAP), Instituto de Salud Pública (National Institute for Public Health, ISP) and the Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero (Animal Health Department, SAG), academics from various universities, veterinarians and physicians. Current and future CE control activities were discussed. It was noted that the EG95 vaccine was being implemented for the first time in pilot control programmes, with the vaccine scheduled during 2016 in two different regions in the South of Chile. In relation to use of the vaccine, the need was highlighted for acquiring good quality data, based on CE findings at slaughterhouse, previous to initiation of vaccination so as to enable correct assessment of the efficacy of the vaccine in the following years. The current world’s-best-practice concerning the use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for the screening population in highly endemic remote and poor areas was also discussed. -
Región De Coquimbo I
REGIÓN DE COQUIMBO I. ANTECEDENTES REGIONALES 1. Situación regional La Región de Coquimbo es una zona de transición entre el gran desierto del extremo norte y la zona central de nuestro país. Cuenta con una extensión de 40 mil 574 kilómetros cuadrados que equivale al 5,4 por ciento del territorio chileno. Desde el punto de vista político administrativo la región está dividida en tres provincias: Elqui, Limarí y Choapa y además una división territorial de quince comunas; Andacollo, Coquimbo, La Higuera, La Serena, Paihuano, Vicuña, Combarbalá, Monte Patria, Ovalle, Punitaqui, Río Hurtado, Canela, Illapel, Los Vilos y Salamanca. Según el Censo 2017, Coquimbo tiene 757 mil 865 habitantes, de los cuales 388 mil 812 son mujeres y 368 mil 774 hombres. El 60 por ciento de la población se concentra en la conurbación La Serena- Coquimbo y un 18,8 por ciento vive en zonas rurales. Conforme a los datos del último Censo, existen 240 mil 307 hogares en la región de los cuales el 81,2 por ciento habita en zonas urbanas, mientras que el 18,8 por ciento lo hace en zonas rurales. La región cuenta con dos mil 490 localidades rurales. En este sector, tan sólo el 66 por ciento tiene acceso a la red pública de agua potable, un trece por ciento se abastece de pozos o norias y un 16 por ciento con camiones aljibe mientras que un cinco por ciento está indeterminado. Una característica de la región es la existencia de comunidades agrícolas, las cuales corresponden al 25 por ciento del territorio regional, y representan al dos por ciento de la población. -
La Serena Destination Guide
La Serena Destination Guide National Tourism Service National Tourism Service of Chile Region of Coquimbo Matta 461, of. 108, La Serena, Chile www.turismoregiondecoquimbo.cl twitter.com/sernaturcoquimb facebook.com/sernaturcoquimbo sernatur_coquimbo (56 51) 222 51 99 December, 2018 edition – Produced with FNDR 2018 resources a eren a S d de L da li ipa ic un . M I : Fotografía REGION OF COQUIMBO AND THE COMMUNES REGION OF COQUIMBO USEFUL DATA Communes Emergencias 1. Andacollo 2. Canela 3. Combarbalá Emergencies 131 4. Coquimbo 5. Illapel La Serena Police (Carabineros de Chile) 133 6. La Higuera 7. La Serena Firefighters 132 8. Los Vilos Located 12 km north of 9. Monte Patria Cuerpo de Socorro Andino 136 10. Ovalle Coquimbo and 470 km (Andean rescue corps) 11. Paihuano 12. Punitaqui north of Santiago by route (56 2) 2635 68 00 13. Río Hurtado 44 north. CITUC Intoxications 14. Salamanca 15. Vicuña Phone numbers dialing From Chile to abroad Borderlines Carrier + 0 + coutry code + city code + phone number Other cities within Chile La Serena borders the Areal code + phone number commune of Coquimbo to the south, the commune of La From desk phone to cell Phone Higuera to the north, the 9 + phone number commune of Vicuña to the From cell Phone to desk phone east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Areal core + 2 + phone number Transportation phone numbers 6 Arturo Merino Benítez (56 2) 2789 00 92 International Airport Not to be missed T Transantiago Hotline 800 73 00 73 7 15 Beaches. La Serena’s beautiful coast, located at the foot of a city stablished on stair-like coastal terraces, entices to Terminal de Buses La Serena (56 51) 222 45 73 visits its variated long beaches. -
Covid-19 Global Port Restrictions Chile
COVID-19 GLOBAL PORT RESTRICTIONS CHILE Chile General Information 931.939 accumulated confirmed cases have been registered in Chile so far, where there are 37.958 active cases of coronavirus, and 22.279. (Coronavirus arrived in Chile on the 3rd of March 2020). The nationwide nighttime curfew is maintained from 23:00 to 5:00 Chilean Local Time. The Ministry of Health has announced updates regarding the Step-by-Step plan, which comes into effect on the 20th of March, at 06:00 hrs LT: • The following areas are bacK to Transition phase: Diego de Almagro and Vallenar (Atacama region); Combarbalá (CoQuimbo region); Olmué (Valparaíso region); Graneros (O’Higgins region); Santa Juana (Biobío region); Pucón and Gorbea (Araucanía region). • The following areas are moving bacK to Quarantine phase: Iquique and Alto Hospicio (Tarapacá region); Concón, Quilpué, Villa Alemana, Nogales and Viña del Mar (Valparaíso region); Curacaví, María Pinto, Buin, Calera de Tango, La Cisterna, Talagante, Santiago and San Ramón (Metropolitan region); Chépica and Chimbarongo (O’Higgins region); San Ignacio (Ñuble region); Florida and Los Álamos (Biobío region); Curarrehue, Curacautín and Lautaro (La Araucanía region); Río Negro (Los Lagos region). • Interregional travel is authorized between zones that are in stages 3, 4, 5. The permit for interregional travel can be reQuested as many times as reQuired and must be reQuested 24 hours before. Case Types And COVID-19 Contact Confirmed Case: Any person who meets the definition of SUSPECTED CASE in which the specific test for SARS-CoV2 was "positive" (RT-PCR). In addition, there is the ASYMPTOMATIC CONFIRMED CASE: any person without symptoms, identified through an active search strategy that the SARS-CoV2 test was "positive" (RT-PCR) Medical Certificate: The treating doctor must issue a medical license for 11 days, with code CIE10 U0.1 (confirmed cases of Coronavirus), which can be extended remotely in the case of electronic medical license, without the presence of the employee. -
Regional Centers for Scientific And
REGIONAL Program CONICYT REGIONAL CENTERS FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT Decentralizing science to serve the regions A joint initiative of CONICYT’s Regional Program and the regional governments REGIONAL PROGRAM 1 Comisión Nacional de Investigación 2 Científica y Tecnológica - CONICYT REGIONAL PROGRAM 3 The National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research, CONICYT was created in 1967 as an advisory organization for the Presidency in matters of scientific development. It is an autonomous public institution under the Ministry of Education. It organizes its work under two main strategic pillars: strengthening Chile’s scientific and technological base and promoting advanced human capital training. In order to achieve these strategic goals CONICYT has a variety of programs guided by the principles of open tendering and excellency via open calls. The projects are evaluated through different stages until their awarding, based on evaluations that follow international practices. Amongst our programs, the Regional Program for Scientific and Technological Research is of note. It began in 2000 thanks to an initiative by the Undersecretary of Regional Development and Administration. The instrument “Creation of regional centers for scientific and technological research” was co-funded by regional governments (GORE) with the aim of expanding and decentralizing the distribution of human, financial and material resources, from a geographic and institutional perspective. Thereby, the goal is to direct research towards the relevant subjects for the development of the regions where research institutions are located. Also, we hope to stimulate the development of disciplines or specific areas throughout the country with the purpose of helping the regional centers to become national leaders in their specific fields. -
Región De Coquimbo
REGIÓN LOCALIDADES _700 1 DE COQUIMBO _conectando Chile PROYECTO { Localidades } 700_ IV Proyecto _Escala Regional 53 Localidades rurales conectadas en la Región. 4.900 Habitantes beneficiados. 32 US$ 16,8 Escuelas millones con servicios inversión en la región. de Internet. LOCALIDADES _700 1 La conectividad provista por será mediante tecnología: 3G en banda 900 En el caso de la telefonía móvil será necesario uso de equipos con sello banda 900. Las escuelas contarán con servicio de Internet gratuito por dos años. “En la actualidad tener acceso a la tecnología -sea esta telefonía celular, Internet o mensajería- es una herramienta clave en la cadena productiva de nuestra economía”. LOCALIDADES _700 3 Óscar Pereira Peralta » Secretario Regional Ministerial de Transportes y Telecomunicaciones, Región de Coquimbo “En una región con una gran En la actualidad tener acceso a cantidad de localidades rurales la tecnología -sea esta telefonía alejadas, además de golpeada celular, Internet o mensajería- por varios desastres naturales, es una herramienta clave en la es fundamental tener un sistema cadena productiva de nuestra de telecomunicaciones robusto. economía: las empresas que for- Bajo este contexto, y como parte man parte de los ejes productivos del programa de Gobierno de la de nuestra Región, como son la Presidenta Michelle Bachelet en agricultura, la minería, la pesca, materia de disminución de la los servicios y el turismo, tienen brecha digital, nos interesa de en muchos casos sus faenas sobre manera tener la mayor y centros de operaciones en cantidad de localidades con sectores de difícil acceso, por lo servicios de telefonía de voz y que dependen de las comunica- datos de calidad. -
The October 15, 1997 Punitaqui Earthquake (Mw=7.1): a Destructive Event Within the Subducting Nazca Plate in Central Chile
Tectonophysics 345 (2002) 199–210 www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto The October 15, 1997 Punitaqui earthquake (Mw=7.1): a destructive event within the subducting Nazca plate in central Chile Mario Pardo a,*, Diana Comte a, Tony Monfret b, Rube´n Boroschek c, Maximiliano Astroza c aDepartamento de Geofı´sica, U. de Chile, Casilla 2777, Santiago, Chile bUMR Ge´osciences Azur, IRD, 250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France cDepartamento de Ingenierı´a Civil, U. de Chile, Casilla 228/3, Santiago, Chile Received 15 May 2000; received in revised form 6 November 2000; accepted 15 November 2000 Abstract The 1943 Illapel seismic gap, central Chile (30–32BS), was partially reactivated in 1997–1998 by two distinct seismic clusters. On July 1997, a swarm of offshore earthquakes occurred on the northern part of the gap, along the coupled zone between Nazca and South American plates. Most of the focal mechanisms computed for these earthquakes show thrust faulting solutions. The July 1997 swarm was followed on October 15, 1997 by the Punitaqui main event (Mw = 7.1), which destroyed the majority of adobe constructions in Punitaqui village and its environs. The main event focal mechanism indicates normal faulting with the more vertical plane considered as the active fault. This event is located inland at 68-km depth and it is assumed to be within the oceanic subducted plate, as are most of the more destructive Chilean seismic events. Aftershocks occurred mainly to the north of the Punitaqui mainshock location, in the central-eastern part of the Illapel seismic gap, but at shallower depths, with the two largest showing thrust focal mechanisms. -
Región De Coquimbo
REGIÓN DE COQUIMBO I. ANTECEDENTES REGIONALES 1. Situación Regional La Región de Coquimbo es una zona de transición entre el gran desierto del norte y la zona central de nuestro país. Cuenta con una extensión de 40 mil 574 kilómetros cuadrados equivalentes al 5,4 por ciento del territorio chileno. Está estructurada en tres provincias: Elqui, Limarí y Choapa y en quince comunas; Andacollo, Coquimbo, La Higuera, La Serena, Paihuano, Vicuña, Combarbalá, Monte Patria, Ovalle, Punitaqui, Río Hurtado, Canela, Illapel, Los Vilos y Salamanca. De acuerdo al Censo 2017, la Región de Coquimbo tiene 757 mil 586 habitantes, 388 mil 812 son mujeres y 368 mil 774 hombres, con 240 mil 307 hogares. En términos de distribución de la población, el 58 por ciento de los habitantes regionales se concentra en la conurbación La Serena- Coquimbo. En términos de distribución urbano-rural, el 81,2 por ciento de la población habita en zonas urbanas, mientras que el 18,8 por ciento lo hace en zonas rurales distribuidas en dos mil 490 localidades rurales. En el sector rural, el 66 por ciento de la población tiene acceso a la red pública de agua potable, un trece por ciento se abastece de pozos o norias y un 16 por ciento con camiones aljibe. En este mismo ámbito, una característica particular de la región es la existencia de comunidades agrícolas, que corresponden al 25 por ciento del territorio regional, mayormente de secano, y representan al dos por ciento de la población. En relación con las características socio económicas, la encuesta Casen 2017 estimó que el once por ciento de la población regional se encuentra en situación de pobreza por ingresos, por sobre la media nacional que registra un 8,6 por ciento. -
Introduction
Limarí River Basin Study Phase I – Current conditions, history and plans Authors: Alexandra Nauditt, Nicole Kretschmer and Lars Ribbe Introduction For the SERIDAS project, the semiarid Central Chilean region was selected as its water bodies are highly modified to irrigate intensive agriculture and water resources availability is expected to decrease due to climate change triggered temperature rise and seasonal precipitation shifts. The drought prone agricultural areas are supplied with water from mountainous headwater catchments. Stream runoff in Central Chile mainly consists of snow melt, ablation of glaciers and rock glaciers and other melting permafrost and ground ice (Arenson&Jakob 2010) which are especially vulnerable to climatic changes (Barnet et al., 2005; Bates et al., 2008). The following figure shows the Central Chilean semiarid catchments from Copiapo, Huasco, Elqui, Limarí, Choapa, Petorca-La Ligua, Aconcagua and Maipo and their snow cover after a wet winter year 2002 and a dry year 2006 respectively: Figure 1: Snow cover in a dry and in a wet year in Central Chile The Limarí River basin was selected as an example to describe the regional characteristics: 1. Physical and human geography 1.1 River and tributaries The Limarí River is formed by the confluence of the Grande and Hurtado rivers. The Grande River drains the central parts of the basin (Commune of Monte Patria), whereas the Hurtado drains the northern part (Commune of Hurtado). Both rivers originate in the Andean Cordillera, with headwaters at 4,500 m.a.s.l., thus snowfall makes an important contribution to their discharge. The Hurtado River does not have any important tributaries, and its course is intercepted by the Recoleta dam.