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Survey of Fishing Effort for Sri Lankan Blue Swimming Crab in the Northwest and Northern Coast of Sri Lanka and Development of a Management Plan

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Survey of Fishing Effort for Sri Lankan Blue Swimming Crab in the Northwest and Northern Coast of Sri Lanka and Development of a Management Plan ii BOBLME-2015-Ecology-62 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal and development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The BOBLME Project encourages the use of this report for study, research, news reporting, criticism or review. Selected passages, tables or diagrams may be reproduced for such purposes provided acknowledgment of the source is included. Major extracts or the entire document may not be reproduced by any process without the written permission of the BOBLME Project Regional Coordinator. BOBLME contract: LOA/RAP/2015/06 For bibliographic purposes, please reference this publication as: BOBLME (2015) Survey of fishing effort for Sri Lankan blue swimming crab and development of a management plan. BOBLME-2015-Ecology-62 ii Technical report on Survey of fishing effort for Sri Lankan blue swimming crab in the Northwest and Northern coast of Sri Lanka and development of a management plan November 2015 Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources New Secretariat, Maligawatte, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka iii Survey of fishing effort for Sri Lankan blue swimming crab and development of a management plan Table of contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Frame survey of the blue swimming crab fishery ........................................................................ 1 3. Fishing effort survey ..................................................................................................................... 2 3.1. Survey questionnaires ............................................................................................................. 2 3.2. Training for fishing effort survey ............................................................................................ 2 3.3. Fishing effort survey methodology ......................................................................................... 3 4. Survey results................................................................................................................................ 3 4.1. Landing centre survey ............................................................................................................. 3 4.2. Blue swimming crab fishing vessel survey .............................................................................. 6 4.2.1. Characteristics of bottom-set gillnets used in BSC fishery ............................................. 7 4.2.2. Bottom-set gillnet operations targeting blue swimming crab ...................................... 10 4.3. Fishing season and production trends .................................................................................. 12 4.4. Marketing arrangements ...................................................................................................... 12 5. Trends in the blue swimming crab fishery .................................................................................. 14 6. Fishing effort survey and EAFM workshops in North and Northwest ........................................ 17 7. Fishing effort survey and EAFM workshop for Seafood Companies and other stakeholders ................................................................................................................ 18 7.1. Survey results ........................................................................................................................ 18 7.2. Ecosystem approach to managing BSC fishery ..................................................................... 18 7.3. Legal and institutional arrangements for Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management in Sri Lanka ..................................................................................................... 20 8. Formulation of a draft BSC fishery management plan ............................................................... 22 8.1. Generic model of a collaborative fishery management plan................................................ 22 8.2. Progress to-date .................................................................................................................... 24 Appendix I Results of the rapid assessment of the BSC fishery in Northwest and North .......... 28 Appendix II Questionnaire for blue swimming crab landing centre survey ................................ 31 Appendix III Questionnaire for blue swimming crab fishing vessel survey .................................. 35 Appendix IV Participants at the training workshops .................................................................... 40 Appendix V Manpower allocation for blue swimming crab fishing effort survey ....................... 42 Appendix VI Fisher profile at BSC fish landing sites ...................................................................... 46 Appendix VII Blue swimming crab landing centre survey .............................................................. 50 Appendix VIII Availability of infrastructure facilities ....................................................................... 55 Appendix IX Fisher organizations at BSC landing sites ................................................................. 58 Appendix X Details of boat owners engaged in BSC fishing ........................................................ 63 Appendix XI Profile of fishing boats engaged in blue swimming crab fishery ............................ 105 Appendix XII Fishing area-distance from the shore ..................................................................... 110 Appendix XIII Trends in BSC fishery .............................................................................................. 111 iv Survey of fishing effort for Sri Lankan blue swimming crab and development of a management plan Appendix XIV Participants at the fishing effort survey and EAFM workshops ............................. 125 Appendix XV Fishing effort survey and EAFM workshop for Seafood Companies and other stakeholders ........................................................................................................... 128 List of tables Table 1 FI divisions and landing sites reporting targeted blue swimming crab fisheries ....................... 3 Table 2 Fisher profile summary at BSC fish landing sites in Puttalam, Mannar, Kilinochchi and Jaffna districts ................................................................................................... 4 Table 3 Summary fishing fleet profile at BSC fish landing sites in Puttalam, Mannar, Kilinochchi and Jaffna districts .................................................................................... 6 Table 4 Infrastructure and public utilities available at fish landing sites ................................................ 6 Table 5 BSC boat owners in Puttlam, Mannar, Kilinochchi and Jaffna districts ..................................... 7 Table 6 BSC fishing fleet profile in Puttalam, Mannar, Kilinochchi and Jaffna districts ......................... 7 Table 7 Number and type of gear units deployed in blue swimming crab fishery ................................. 8 Table 8 Netting material of bottom-set gillnets used in BSC fishery ...................................................... 8 Table 9 Nylon bottom-set gillnet (ply number) ...................................................................................... 8 Table 10 Mesh size of bottom-set gillnets used in BSC fishery .............................................................. 9 Table 11 Net panels used in bottom-set gillnets .................................................................................... 9 Table 12 Number of GNBS net sets taken per boat .............................................................................. 10 Table 13 Setting position of blue swimming crab fishing gear ............................................................. 10 Table 14 Fishing area – distance from the shore .................................................................................. 11 Table 15 Fishing duration (soaking time) of bottom-set gillnets .......................................................... 11 Table 16 Seasonal trends in blue swimming crab production .............................................................. 12 Table 17 Marketing arrangements for blue swimming crab ................................................................ 12 Table 18 SLBSC supply chain ................................................................................................................. 13 Table 19 Threats identified by stakeholders ......................................................................................... 19 Table 20 Stakeholders for EAFM of the BSC fishery ............................................................................. 20 Table 21 Drafting of a BSC management plan – progress summary .................................................... 25 List of figures Figure 1 Types of boats engaged in blue swimming crab fishing ........................................................... 5 Figure 2 Fishing areas of Sri Lankan blue swimming crab in Palk Bay & Gulf of Mannar ..................... 14 v Survey of fishing effort for Sri Lankan blue swimming crab and development of a management plan Acronyms used BLC Beach Landing Centres BOBLME
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