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EU Harmonised Terminology for Hydrogen Generated by Electrolysis

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EU Harmonised Terminology for Hydrogen Generated by Electrolysis JRC VALIDATED METHODS, REFERENCE METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS REPORT EU harmonised terminology for hydrogen generated by electrolysis An open and comprehensive compendium First Main Title Line First Line Malkow, K. T., Pilenga, A., Blagoeva, D. Second Main Title Line Second Line Third Main Title Line Third Line 2021 First subtitle line first line Second subtitle line second Thi rd subtitle line third line Forename(s) Surname(s) 2 0 x x Report EUR xxxxx EN EUR 30324 EN This publication is a Validated Methods, Reference Methods and Measurements report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contact Information Name: Dr.-Ing. Thomas Malkow Address: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten, The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Tel.: +31 224 56 56 56 EU Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC120120 EUR 30324 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-76-21042-9 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2760/732809 Print ISBN 978-92-76-21041-2 ISSN 1018-5593 doi:10.2760/293538 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2021 © European Union, 2021 The reuse policy of the European Commission is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the EU, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. All content © European Union, 2021, except: All terms and definitions out of IEC standards remain property and copyright of IEC. All terms and definitions out of ISO standards remain property and copyright of ISO. All terms and definitions out of BIPM JCGM documents remain property and copyright of BIPM JCGM. How to cite this report: Malkow, K. T., Pilenga, A., Blagoeva, D.; EU harmonised terminology for hydrogen generated by electrolysis; EUR 30324 EN; Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2021; ISBN 978-92-76-21042-9; doi:10.2760/732809; JRC120120. Contents List of Contributors................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Foreword....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Abstract......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2 Terms and definitions.................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 General terms........................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.1 Methodological concepts and expressions..................................................................................................................... 25 2.1.2 Electrical and electrochemical .............................................................................................................................................. 42 2.1.3 Components, materials and substances.......................................................................................................................... 51 2.1.4 Methods, measurements and testing ............................................................................................................................... 62 2.1.5 Phenomena and properties..................................................................................................................................................... 81 2.2 Low temperature water electrolysis terms.............................................................................................................................. 99 2.2.1 Electrochemical concepts and phenomena....................................................................................................................103 2.2.2 Materials and properties ..........................................................................................................................................................105 2.2.3 Manufacture and processing .................................................................................................................................................108 2.2.4 Testing................................................................................................................................................................................................110 2.3 High temperature electrolysis terms...........................................................................................................................................111 2.3.1 Electrochemical concepts and phenomena....................................................................................................................113 2.3.2 Materials and properties ..........................................................................................................................................................114 2.3.3 Manufacture and processing .................................................................................................................................................123 2.3.4 Testing................................................................................................................................................................................................129 2.4 Parameters and quantities................................................................................................................................................................132 2.4.1 Efficiency...........................................................................................................................................................................................148 2.4.2 Electrical............................................................................................................................................................................................149 2.4.3 Physical, physico-chemical and technological..............................................................................................................161 2.5 Terms in electrolysis applications.................................................................................................................................................179 2.5.1 Electrical terms and related expressions........................................................................................................................191 2.5.2 Devices, components and systems ....................................................................................................................................202 2.5.3 Energy conversion and storage technologies...............................................................................................................213 2.5.4 System operation and testing...............................................................................................................................................219 References...................................................................................................................................................................................................................226 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms .............................................................................................................................................................243 List of Figures............................................................................................................................................................................................................254
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