History of Marxism & Socialism
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Telling the Truth About Class
TELLING THE TRUTH ABOUT CLASS G. M. TAMÁS ne of the central questions of social theory has been the relationship Obetween class and knowledge, and this has also been a crucial question in the history of socialism. Differences between people – acting and knowing subjects – may influence our view of the chances of valid cognition. If there are irreconcilable discrepancies between people’s positions, going perhaps as far as incommensurability, then unified and rational knowledge resulting from a reasoned dialogue among persons is patently impossible. The Humean notion of ‘passions’, the Nietzschean notions of ‘resentment’ and ‘genealogy’, allude to the possible influence of such an incommensurability upon our ability to discover truth. Class may be regarded as a problem either in epistemology or in the philosophy of history, but I think that this separation is unwarranted, since if we separate epistemology and the philosophy of history (which is parallel to other such separations characteristic of bourgeois society itself) we cannot possibly avoid the rigidly-posed conundrum known as relativism. In speak- ing about class (and truth, and class and truth) we are the heirs of two socialist intellectual traditions, profoundly at variance with one another, although often intertwined politically and emotionally. I hope to show that, up to a point, such fusion and confusion is inevitable. All versions of socialist endeavour can and should be classified into two principal kinds, one inaugurated by Rousseau, the other by Marx. The two have opposite visions of the social subject in need of liberation, and these visions have determined everything from rarefied epistemological posi- tions concerning language and consciousness to social and political attitudes concerning wealth, culture, equality, sexuality and much else. -
Calculated for the Use of the State Of
3i'R 317.3M31 H41 A Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from University of IVIassachusetts, Boston http://www.archive.org/details/pocketalmanackfo1839amer MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER, AND mmwo states ©alrntiar, 1839. ALSO CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY JAMES LORING, 13 2 Washington Street. ECLIPSES IN 1839. 1. The first will be a great and total eclipse, on Friday March 15th, at 9h. 28m. morning, but by reason of the moon's south latitude, her shadow will not touch any part of North America. The course of the general eclipse will be from southwest to north- east, from the Pacific Ocean a little west of Chili to the Arabian Gulf and southeastern part of the Mediterranean Sea. The termination of this grand and sublime phenomenon will probably be witnessed from the summit of some of those stupendous monuments of ancient industry and folly, the vast and lofty pyramids on the banks of the Nile in lower Egypt. The principal cities and places that will be to- tally shadowed in this eclipse, are Valparaiso, Mendoza, Cordova, Assumption, St. Salvador and Pernambuco, in South America, and Sierra Leone, Teemboo, Tombucto and Fezzan, in Africa. At each of these places the duration of total darkness will be from one to six minutes, and several of the planets and fixed stars will probably be visible. 2. The other will also be a grand and beautiful eclipse, on Satur- day, September 7th, at 5h. 35m. evening, but on account of the Mnon's low latitude, and happening so late in the afternoon, no part of it will be visible in North America. -
Streeten's Major Writings Paul Marlor SWEEZY
.... 642 Paul Marlor SWEEZY Paul Marlor SWEEZY 643 I out agreeing with the late David McCord Wright, who once said, 'When It was under these circumstances that acquired a mission in life, not all at once and self-consciously, but gradually and through a practice that had a logic of its people tell me I am fuzzy, I reply, "life is fuzzy'", the heterodox dis�enters own. That mission was to do what I could to make Marxism an integral and prefer, I think, to be accused of fuzziness. They prefer to be vaguely nght to respected part of the intellectual life of the country, or, put in other terms, to take being precisely wrong. It is a matter of taste. The orthodox may say, part in establishing a serious and authentic North American brand of Marxism. 'Reductionism is not the occupational disease of economists, it is their occu pation.' But if in the process they throw out the baby instead of the bathwater, In pursuing these interests at Harvard, Sweezy received encouragement the reduction surely loses its point. from the great conservative economist Joseph Schumpeter, whose analysis of the origins, development and impending decline of capitalism revealed a Streeten's Major Writings complex and critical appreciation of Marxist analysis. 17 (1949), 'The Theory of Profit', The Manchester School, (3), September. Obtaining his Ph.D. in 1937, Sweezy took a job as an instructor at Harvard (1950a), 'Mangel des Preismechanismus', Vo//beschdftigung, Cologne: Bundverlag. (l 950b), 'The Inappropriateness of Simple "Elasticity" Concepts m the Analysis of Interna until 1939 when he rose to the rank of assistant professor. -
Consciousness & Consent: Gramsci's Historical
CONSCIOUSNESS & CONSENT: GRAMSCI’S HISTORICAL MATERIALISM AND ITS ONTOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES. A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE BOARD OF GRADUATE PROGRAMS OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, NORTHERN CYPRUS CAMPUS BY ASWAD NYASHA TARAMBWA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PROGRAM SEPTEMBER 2019 Approval of the Board of Graduate Programs Prof. Dr Gürkan KARAKAŞ Chairperson I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science Assoc. Prof. Dr Oğuz SOLYALI Program Coordinator This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assoc. Prof. Dr Luciano BARACCO Supervisor Examining Committee Members Assist. Prof. Dr Yonca ÖZDEMİR Political Science & International Relations METU Northern Cyprus Campus Assoc. Prof. Dr Luciano BARACCO Political Sciences and International Relations METU Northern Cyprus Campus Assoc. Prof. Dr Sait AKŞİT International Relations Near East University ETHICAL DECLARATION I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: ASWAD NYASHA TARAMBWA SIGNATURE iii ABSTRACT CONSCIOUSNESS AND CONSENT: GRAMSCI’S STATE THEORY AND ITS ONTOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES Tarambwa, Aswad Nyasha MS., Department of Political Science and International Relations Supervisor: Assoc. Prof Dr Luciano Baracco September 2019, 92 pages This thesis investigated whether the elaboration of the role of ideas as a source of power in Gramsci’s state theory to secure the historical bloc constitutes the basis of a paradigm shift from the main premises of historical materialism to a more deontological, contingent logic of politics and revolution. -
'The Left's Views on Israel: from the Establishment of the Jewish State To
‘The Left’s Views on Israel: From the establishment of the Jewish state to the intifada’ Thesis submitted by June Edmunds for PhD examination at the London School of Economics and Political Science 1 UMI Number: U615796 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615796 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 F 7377 POLITI 58^S8i ABSTRACT The British left has confronted a dilemma in forming its attitude towards Israel in the postwar period. The establishment of the Jewish state seemed to force people on the left to choose between competing nationalisms - Israeli, Arab and later, Palestinian. Over time, a number of key developments sharpened the dilemma. My central focus is the evolution of thinking about Israel and the Middle East in the British Labour Party. I examine four critical periods: the creation of Israel in 1948; the Suez war in 1956; the Arab-Israeli war of 1967 and the 1980s, covering mainly the Israeli invasion of Lebanon but also the intifada. In each case, entrenched attitudes were called into question and longer-term shifts were triggered in the aftermath. -
FSC Contents.Qxp
Corbyn.qxp 21/01/2015 15:03 Page 10 10 Trident’s Farewell? The Politics The Agreement between the UK and the USA for Co-operation in the Uses of Atomic of Trident Energy for Mutual Defence Purposes, also known as the Mutual Defence Agreement (MDA), was signed in 1958. It allows the United States and the UK to exchange nuclear materials, technology and information. After many years, on 6 Jeremy Corbyn MP November 2014, the UK Parliament finally Julian Lewis MP debated the Agreement, although not its renewal, which fell due at the end of 2014. Few Members of Parliament attended this landmark debate, which revealed some of the politics of Trident nuclear weapons. The debate was secured by Jeremy Corbyn and Julian Lewis, who are on opposite sides of the discussion about upgrading Trident nuclear missiles for another generation. *** Jeremy Corbyn (Islington North) (Labour): … Why do we have to debate something as fundamental as a mutual defence agreement with the United States in time allocated by the Backbench Business Committee? The answer is that Governments of all hues – this applies to my party, as well as the coalition Government and previous Conservative Governments – have been reluctant to have parliamentary debates on this subject … It is interesting that parliamentary scrutiny of the mutual defence agreement and nuclear weapons has been in short supply going back to the end of the second world war. The National The author was formerly Archives in Kew has a document, ‘Extracts Russian Ambassador to from a memorandum on the Atomic Bomb the Conference on from Prime Minister Clement Attlee, 28th Disarmament in Geneva. -
Possibilities: Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion, and Desire by David Graeber
POSSIBILITIES Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion, and Desire POSSIBILITIES Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion, and Desire David Graeber Possibilities: Essays on Hierarchy, Rebellion, and Desire by David Graeber ISBN 978-1904859-66-6 Library of Congress Number: 2007928387 ©2007 David Graeber This edition © 2007 AK Press Cover Design: John Yates Layout: C. Weigl & Z. Blue Proofreader: David Brazil AK Press 674-A 23rd Street Oakland, CA 94612 www.akpress.org akpress @akpress.org 510.208.1700 AK Press U.K. PO Box 12766 Edinburgh EH8 9YE www.akuk.com [email protected] 0131.555.5165 Printed in Canada on 100% recycled, acid-free paper by union labor. TABLE OF CONTENTS In tro d u c tio n ....................................................................................................................... 1 PART I: SOME THOUGHTS ON THE ORIGINS OF OUR CURRENT PREDICAMENT 1 Manners, Deference, and Private Property: Or, Elements for a General Theory of Hierarchy................................................................................................... 13 2 The Very Idea of Consumption: Desire, Phantasms, and the Aesthetics of Destruction from Medieval Times to the Present...............................................57 3 Turning Modes of Production Inside-Out: Or, Why Capitalism Is a Transformation of Slavery (short version).......................................................... 85 4 Fetishism as Social Creativity: Or, Fetishes Are Gods in the Process of C onstruction.................................................................................................................113 -
Doi:10.1163/18763308- 04501002)
Davidson, N. (2018) The “law” of uneven and combined development: Part 1. East Central Europe, 45(1), pp. 13-38.(doi:10.1163/18763308- 04501002) This is the author’s final accepted version. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/162245 Deposited on: 06 June 2018 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk The “Law” of Uneven and Combined Development Part 1: Sources and Components NEIL DAVIDSON University of Glasgow Introduction The two concepts for which Leon Trotsky is perhaps best known are his version of the strategy of permanent revolution, first outlined in Results and Prospects (1906), and the “law” of uneven and combined development, introduced in The History of the Russian Revolution (1930) and intended to explain the conditions which made the former possible. The term “permanent revolution” can be traced to the 1840s and the concept further back still. Trotsky infused it with a new meaning, but for tactical reasons during his struggle with Stalin in the 1920s he often claimed that his conception was essentially the same as that used by Marx in 1850 (Trotsky 1976: 308; 1981: 349–351) and then by some of his contemporaries, particularly Mehring and Luxemburg between the 1905 and 1917 revolutions (Trotsky 1975a: 102; 1975b: 209). Uneven and combined development was Trotsky’s own coinage, but it too had an antecedent in the notion of “uneven development,” which appears as early as the eighteenth century. -
Che Guevara's Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy
SOCIALIST VOICE / JUNE 2008 / 1 Contents 249. Che Guevara’s Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy. John Riddell 250. From Marx to Morales: Indigenous Socialism and the Latin Americanization of Marxism. John Riddell 251. Bolivian President Condemns Europe’s Anti-Migrant Law. Evo Morales 252. Harvest of Injustice: The Oppression of Migrant Workers on Canadian Farms. Adriana Paz 253. Revolutionary Organization Today: Part One. Paul Le Blanc and John Riddell 254. Revolutionary Organization Today: Part Two. Paul Le Blanc and John Riddell 255. The Harper ‘Apology’ — Saying ‘Sorry’ with a Forked Tongue. Mike Krebs ——————————————————————————————————— Socialist Voice #249, June 8, 2008 Che Guevara’s Final Verdict on the Soviet Economy By John Riddell One of the most important developments in Cuban Marxism in recent years has been increased attention to the writings of Ernesto Che Guevara on the economics and politics of the transition to socialism. A milestone in this process was the publication in 2006 by Ocean Press and Cuba’s Centro de Estudios Che Guevara of Apuntes criticos a la economía política [Critical Notes on Political Economy], a collection of Che’s writings from the years 1962 to 1965, many of them previously unpublished. The book includes a lengthy excerpt from a letter to Fidel Castro, entitled “Some Thoughts on the Transition to Socialism.” In it, in extremely condensed comments, Che presented his views on economic development in the Soviet Union.[1] In 1965, the Soviet economy stood at the end of a period of rapid growth that had brought improvements to the still very low living standards of working people. -
Volume 7, No. 4, Winter 1996 General Announcements
Volume 7, No. 4, Winter 1996 General Announcements The Man and Nature Research Center, located at Odense University, Denmark, ends its five-year life in June 1997. The Center has been prominent on the European scene in environmental ethics and policy issues, producing some 100 working papers and many dozens of conferences and seminars in the field, hosting also many scholars from Europe and abroad. Many of these working papers remain available, as are some video productions. Information on the website is at http://www.hum.ou.dk/Center/Hollufgaard/index.html. A philosopher involved with the project is Finn Arler. Mailing address: Man and Nature: Humanities Research Center, Hollufgaard, Hestehaven 201, 5220 Odense SO, Denmark. Phone 45 6595 9493. Fax 45 6595 7766. The Syllabus Project, the most comprehensive and up-to-date source of information concerning course offerings in environmental philosophy and environmental ethics, is being supported by the International Society for Environmental Ethics, the Center for Environmental Philosophy, the Philosophy Documentation Center, and the Philosophy Department at Bowling Green State University. The materials can be accessed on the World Wide Web at: http://www.bgsu.edu/departments/phil/ISEE The project's goal is to collect information from throughout the world about what courses are taught, by whom, in which colleges and universities, and to make this available on website for teachers, administrators, students, prospective grad students, and so on. All teachers of such courses are requested to send copies of their syllabuses, course materials, Resumé, etc., preferrably by Email (disks should be text/ASCII only). As a last resort, send a paper-mail copy. -
The Formation of the Communist Party, 1912–21
chapter 1 The Formation of the Communist Party, 1912–21 The Bolsheviks envisioned the October Revolution as the first in a series of pro- letarian revolutions. The Communist or Third International was to be a new, revolutionary international born from the wreckage of the social-democratic Second International. They sought to forge this international with what they saw as the best elements of the international working-class movement, those that had not betrayed socialism by supporting the war. The Comintern was to be a complete and definite break with the social-democratic politics of the Second International. In the face of the support of World War I by many labour and social-democratic leaders, significant sections of the workers’ movement rallied to the Bolsheviks.1 This was most pronounced in Italy and France, but in the United States as well the first Bolshevik supporters came from the left wing of the labour movement. In much of Europe, the social-democratic leaders either openly supported the militarism and imperialism of their ‘own’ ruling classes (such as when the German Social Democratic representatives voted for war credits on 4 August 1914) or (in the case of Karl Kautsky) provided ‘left’ cover to open social-chauvinists. In the United States, which entered the war late in the day, the party leadership as a whole opposed the war. However, the American socialist movement was still infected with electoral reformism, and a signifi- cant number of influential Socialists downplayed the party’s official opposi- tion to the war. This chapter examines how the American Communist movement devel- oped out of these antecedents. -
Critique of Anthropology
Critique of Anthropology http://coa.sagepub.com Turning Modes of Production Inside Out: Or, Why Capitalism is a Transformation of Slavery David Graeber Critique of Anthropology 2006; 26; 61 DOI: 10.1177/0308275X06061484 The online version of this article can be found at: http://coa.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/26/1/61 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Critique of Anthropology can be found at: Email Alerts: http://coa.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://coa.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations (this article cites 9 articles hosted on the SAGE Journals Online and HighWire Press platforms): http://coa.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/26/1/61#BIBL Downloaded from http://coa.sagepub.com at OREGON STATE UNIV LIBRARY on July 1, 2007 © 2006 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution. Article Turning Modes of Production Inside Out Or, Why Capitalism is a Transformation of Slavery David Graeber Department of Anthropology, Yale University Abstract ■ Marxist theory has by now largely abandoned the (seriously flawed) notion of the ‘mode of production’, but doing so has only encouraged a trend to abandon much of what was radical about it and naturalize capitalist categories. This article argues a better conceived notion of a mode of production – one that recognizes the primacy of human production, and hence a more sophisticated notion of materialism – might still have something to show us: notably, that capi- talism, or at least industrial capitalism, has far more in common with, and is historically more closely linked with, chattel slavery than most of us had ever imagined.