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ANESTHESIOLOGY REFLECTIONS Beta-Eucaine Bottle 386 MAZOIT ET AL. 15. Fe´re´zou J, Gulik A, Domingo N, Milliat F, Dedieu JC, Dunel-Erb S, Chevalier 21. Park Y, Damron BD, Miles JM, Harris WS: Measurement of human chylo- C, Bach AC: Intralipid 10%: Physicochemical characterization. Nutrition 2001; micron triglyceride clearance with a labeled commercial lipid emulsion. Lipids 17:930–3 2001; 36:115–20 16. Han J, Davis SS, Washington C: Physical properties and stability of two 22. Strichartz GR, Sanchez V, Arthur GR, Chafetz R, Martin D: Fundamental emulsion formulations of propofol. Int J Pharm 2001; 215:207–20 properties of local anesthetics. II. Measured octanol:buffer partition coefficients 17. Mazoit JX, Samii K: Binding of propofol to blood components: Implica- and pKa values of clinically used drugs. Anesth Analg 1990; 71:158–70 tions for pharmacokinetics and for pharmacodynamics. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 23. Denson D, Coyle D, Thompson G, Myers J: Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and 47:35–42 albumin in human serum bupivacaine binding. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1984; 35: 18. Washington C. Stability of lipid emulsions for drug delivery. Adv Drug 409–15 Deliv Rev 1996; 20:131–45 24. Mazoit JX, Cao LS, Samii K: Binding of bupivacaine to human serum 19. Theissen O, Boileau S, Cornet C, Mazoit JX, Borrelly J, Feldman L, Laxenaire proteins, isolated albumin and isolated alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Differences MC: Analgesia after thoracotomy by extrapleural administration of continuous bu- between the two enantiomers are partly due to cooperativity. J Pharmacol Exp pivacaine. (Article in French) Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 1993; 12:265–72 Ther 1996; 276:109–15 20. Comets E, Brendel K, Mentre´ F: Computing normalised prediction distri- 25. Taheri S, Cogswell 3rd, LP Gent A, Strichartz GR: Hydrophobic and ionic bution errors to evaluate nonlinear mixed-effect models: The npde add-on pack- factors in the binding of local anesthetics to the major variant of human alpha1- age for R. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2008; 90:154–66 acid glycoprotein. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 304:71–80 Downloaded from http://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/110/2/386/491269/0000542-200902000-00031.pdf by guest on 29 September 2021 Ⅵ ANESTHESIOLOGY REFLECTIONS Beta-Eucaine Bottle While searching for antiques in Lahaska, Pennsylvania, near the artists’ colony of New Hope, Mrs. Ramona Bause happened upon this early bottle of Beta-Eucaine. An early synthetic substitute for cocaine as a local or topical anesthetic, beta-eucaine was much less irritating than alpha-eucaine for dental, ophthalmic, or urethral procedures. After both alpha- and beta-formulations were listed alongside opium, cocaine, and heroin in the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, both eucaines fell out of favor. Their popularity declined even further with the synthesis of less toxic local anesthetics, such as procaine (Novocain௡). (Copyright © the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. This image appears in the Anesthesiology Reflec- tions online collection available at www.anesthesiology.org.) George S. Bause, M.D., M.P.H., Honorary Curator, ASA’s Wood Library-Museum of Anesthe- siology, Park Ridge, Illinois, and Clinical Associate Professor, Case Western Reserve Univer- sity, Cleveland, Ohio. [email protected]. Anesthesiology, V 110, No 2, Feb 2009.
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