DOCSLIB.ORG

Richard Kelly–Lighting As an Integral Part of Architecture

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Richard Kelly–Lighting As an Integral Part of Architecture Lighting as an Integral Part of Architecture Author(s): Richard Kelly Source: College Art Journal, Vol. 12, No. 1, (Autumn, 1952), pp. 24-30 Published by: College Art Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/773361 Accessed: 30/07/2008 11:20 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=caa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org 24 COLLEGE ART JOURNAL from his society, well explained by the above weather and creativecharacter- istics, so different from the inapplicablebut neverthelessinsistent standards taken from the past and used for the present, apparentlyreached its peak in 1900. The gap now should be lessening, and probablyis. In the United States'l the art has been neither as extreme nor as rejected as in Europe. It is time that our countryshould come of age culturally.With our origin as a nation in the colddry1780, and our majorinheritance from the colddryperiod of 1830 to 1870, it is probablethat our own great Americanart, possiblyeven to be recognized,will occurcomparatively soon. Actually,between the coldwet confusion of today, and the colddry peak of 1965, there will probablybe a temporaryphase of warmwethope. LIGHTING AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF ARCHITECTURE* RichardKelly A FEELINGfor light and lighting startswith visual imagination,just as a painter'stalent does. Think of the creationof a watercolorrendering-First, major highlights are imagined-then, graded washes of different luminosity are added and-then, the detail of minor lightplay makes the idea clear and entertainsthe eye. In front of the mind's eye are three elementsin the perceptionsof visual design-three elementalkinds of light effect which can be relatedto the art of painting for easier visualization: (1) Focal glow or highlight. (2) Ambient luminescenceor graded washes. (3) Play of brilliantsor sharp detail. These threeelements are also the orderof imaginativeplanning. 10Againthe honest historiancan only comparethe recentEuropeanization of our art with the French Impressionismof Twachtman.Foreign to our soil it was at first greatlyadmired as "modern,"but the manymuseums which squanderedtheir moneyon his art are now generallytaking his picturesoff their walls. Inness was the American representativeof this style, althoughhe correctlyinsisted that he was not an Impression- ist; Twachtmanwas only an imitator.Who is the AmericanPicasso, not following in his footstepsbut parallelinghis development? * Condensedfrom a lecturedelivered at a joint meetingof The AmericanInstitute of Architects,the Societyof IndustrialDesigners, and the Societyof IlluminatingEngi- neers, in Cleveland,April 23, 1952. LIGHTING IN ARCHITECTURE 25 Focal glow is the campfireof all time. It is also the celebratedlimelight of aphorisms because the early English music halls used antiquatedprojectors which burned a gas resulting from wetting a kind of lime (now commonly known as "carbide").Focal glow is the follow spot on the modernstage. It is the pool of light at your favorite readingchair. It is the shaft of sunshinethat warms the end of the valley. It is candlelighton the face, and a flashlighton a stair. Focal glow drawsattention, pulls togetherdiverse parts, sells merchandise, separatesthe importantfrom the unimportant,helps people see. Focal glow sometimesbecomes multiple foci desirablyproducing a significantcomposition of attention.As the numberof foci increaseto more and more complex com- positions, a pattern results which can resemble the second basic element of light- Ambient luminescenceis the uninterruptedlight of a snowy morning in the open country.It is foglight at sea in a small boat, it is twilight haze on a wide river where shore and water and sky are indistinguishable.It is the before-the-showlighted dome and amphitheatreof the Hayden Planetarium, the full cycloramaof the open theatre.It is any art gallery with strip-lighted walls, translucentceiling, and white floor. It is also all we know of "indirect" lighting. Ambient luminescenceproduces shadowless illumination. It minimizes form and bulk. It minimizesthe importanceof all things and people. It suggests the freedom of space and can suggest infinity. It is usually reassuring.It quiets the nervesand is restful. Play of brilliants is Times Squareat night. It is the eighteenth century ballroom of crystal chandeliersand many candle flames. It is sunlight on a fountain,or a rippling brook. It is a cache of diamondsin an opened cave. It is the rose window of Chartres.Night automobilesat a busy cloverleaf,a night city from the air. It is the trees outside your window interlacedwith the beams of spotlights.It is a sparklingcabinet of fine glassware. Play of brilliantsexcites the optic nerves, and in turn stimulatesthe body and spirit, quickens the appetite, awakens curiosity, sharpens the wit. It is distractingor entertaining. Visual beauty is perceived by an interplay of all three kinds of light, though one is usually dominant. It is, therefore, of first importanceto plan lighting, whetheryou are creatinga new structureto interpretan idea of house and home, whether you are altering an old structureto meet new needs, or whetheryou are making-dowith existing conditionsas an interimin someone's longer termprogram. By the judiciousand artful controlof these three distinct 26 COLLEGE ART JOURNAL elementsin lighting, you can make the imaginedwatercolor rendering become the real thing, beauty of architectureand decoration.These three kinds of light, (1) Focal glow, (2) Ambient luminescence, (3) Play of brilliants, respectively(1) make it easierto see (2) make surroundingssafe and reassur- ing and (3) stimulatethe spirit. The trainedeyes of the impressionistpainters have helped our eyes to see the real appearanceof materialas revealedby manycontrasting kinds of light. Note Monet's series of eight or nine paintings of ChartresCathedral describ- ing a full range of appearancefrom strong sunlight to twilight. Psychologistshave substantiatedthe theories of modern metaphysicians such as George Berkeley,through Whitehead and Santayana,to Einstein.They say our real knowledgeof the concreteworld and all materialsis basedon sense perception, not on abstractlearning. Yale's motto "Lux et Veritas" old at adoption, now has new light and real truth. There is a new dependencybe- tween light and truthbehind contemporary perception. Psychologicalexperiments have been even more detailed. The American Foundation for the Blind, working for people who do not take light for granted,in the annualreport for 1948 says that 87% of all humanperceptions come throughour eyes. Architecturaldesign and decorationis createdto serve mankindby betteringthe sensualperceptions of life. Thus the purposefuland accidentalaction of light in creatingvisual perceptiondetermines seven-eighths of the total impactof architecturaland decoratingwork. Le Corbusier'sdefinition is "L'Architectureest le Jeux, savant,correct, et magnifiquedes formes sur la lumiere." ("Architectureis the play, knowing, correct,and magnificentof form in light)." These new thoughtsmight seem fascinatingintellectual by-play, except for veryimportant coincidental phenomena. The last two decadeshave developed by invention and productionmore new sourcesof artificiallight, its control equipment,and more knowledge of daylight and its control equipmentthan were developed in the precedingtwo millennia (our known technicalhistory). Nine out of ten of the artificiallight sources, fixtures, and equipment specified and used today did not exist twenty-fiveyears ago. For example: (a) The sealed beam lamp, the mushroomshaped bulb of mushroomgrowth. (b) The maligned but useful fluorescenttube that is changing its colors and becomingfriendly. (c) The "slimline"fluorescent of longer,convenient lengths that can be installed at a choiceof intensities. (d) The cold cathodefluorescent that can be shaped to almost any delineation. (e) The new mercuryvapor lamps of high efficiencyand spectrum,helpful and LIGHTING IN ARCHITECTURE 27 flattering to green plant-life, especially outside glass houses and even picture windows when we want to seem to bring the outdoors indoors. (f) The beginning of a two dimensional panel light source now available for small areas in limited intensities and colors will lead to more important uses. (g) The production of accurate molded lenses suitable for permanent installation at reasonable initial and maintained cost. (h) The substitution of efficient metal reflectors for glass. (i) Wonderful new candles, more light per ounce, less drip, long
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fire As a Physical Process
    1.3 Energy transfer and the stages of combustion Understanding the principles of combustion, can we begin to see how fires initiate and spread? To complete the fire triangle, energy must move through space from a source to a “fuel” initiation oxygen energy THE COMBUSTION TRIANGLE How does this happen? combustible material Heat is a form of energy • Heat (or thermal energy) is proportional to molecular movement of matter, i.e., kinetic energy (KE) • The Kelvin scale measures the energy content of matter, starting at absolute 0 (- 273° C) • Heated objects emit radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS): • In the range we will deal with, mostly in the infrared • Even higher velocities emit in higher-frequency bands of the EMS See the “Ask a Scientist” excerpt posted for this lecture international light association, http://www.international-light-association.org Three basic modes of energy transfer: Conduction Radiation Convection A general principle of heat transfer: • Heat transfers between bodies according to the second law of thermodynamics (which in this case says that heat flows from high to low energy states, i.e., hot to cold bodies – In other words, heat flows down energy gradients – This goes a long way to explaining much of how fires behave 1. Conduction Movement of energy through a solid, or between solids in contact by molecular motion • Depends on thermal conductivity and energy gradient of material (conductors, insulators) • Also depends on amount of area of contact • Examples? • touching a hot metal object, e.g. a saucepan handle • heating water by an immersion coil • melting lead solder with a soldering iron • putting an ice cube on your skin Conductivity (ability of a material to conduct energy) The transfer of heat between molecules in contact with one another.
    [Show full text]
  • A Tungsten Filament Is Drawn to a Very Uniform Diameter When It Is Manufactured
    http://invsee.eas.asu.edu/nmodules/lightbulbmod/burnout.html A tungsten filament is drawn to a very uniform diameter when it is manufactured. As a result, when a light bulb is first turned on the filament emits light relatively evenly along the length of the filament. Explore the failure of a filament using the following movie which shows an accelerated view of a filament failing. Notice how the light emitted from the filament changes intensity and location with time. Why does the filament get bright at one point before it fails ? Standard electrical outlets in the United States provide 110 volt (V) electricity. For an incandescent light bulb, the electric current (i) used to heat the filament is determined by the electrical resistance (R) of the filament according to Ohm’s Law: V = i R Electric power (P) is the rate of conversion of electrical energy to another form, such as heat. For a resistor, such as a tungsten light bulb filament, the power may be expressed as: P = i2 R = V2/R. The voltage drop across the filament is essentially constant. As a result, when R varies, so does i. In particular, R can vary locally with the cross-sectional area of the filament: R = ρ (l/s), where ρ is the specific resistance of tungsten (ohms), l is the length of a filament region (cm) and s is the cross-sectional area of the filament region locally (cm2). If the cross-sectional area of the filament changes with time to vary along its length, the current passing through each part of the filament will remain constant.
    [Show full text]
  • Unit 1: What Is Energy?
    UNIT 1: WHAT IS ENERGY? TEACHER OVERVIEW The three essential resources for any nation are food, water and energy. As a matter of fact, it is energy that helps produce more food and cleaner water for our ever growing global population. Securing and producing enough energy often becomes critical to economic and social stability throughout the world, so we need to know and understand as much as we can about our energy resources. Understanding where energy comes from and how we use it is more important now that at any time in our past as we want to provide a better and longer life for our global community. The energy concept is fundamentally scientific in nature, but it has tremendous personal and social significance. Energy is one of the most fundamental parts of our universe. We cannot see, hear or touch energy, yet we use energy every day. Although energy isn’t visible, we can detect evidence of energy. Movement, sound, heat, and light provide evidence that energy is present and being used. Energy from the sun lights the earth during the day and is used by plants to produce food. Energy lights up our homes and towns; provides the power for our modes of transportation (planes, trains, vehicles, rockets, etc.); warms and cools our homes; cooks our meals; plays our music; powers our phones, computers, tablets and televisions; powers the machinery used by factories, farmers, and construction workers; and too many others to mention. The Sun provides the energy for producers in a food chain to produce food for nearly all other organisms for their survival.
    [Show full text]
  • July 2019 Cresset
    July/August 2019 Bottisham Community Sports and Social Club Now that summer is upon us why not take a stroll to the club and enjoy some of the early evening sunshine with friends and family and sample some of our fine range of guest beers, lagers and wines not to mention our very popular gins, all the family are welcome including the dog. As a committee we would like to thank all our members old and new for their support and custom throughout the first half of this year, we have enjoyed some fantastic events and evenings and we look forward to many more in the coming months, with your continued support. After the success of last year’s Craft Fair we will be holding another one this year, we do have limited spaces so if anyone is interested please leave a name and email address, or phone number with a member of staff at the club and we will contact you with the details. WHATS ON July 20th Live Music from Kim Lane , tickets available at the bar. October 26th Children’s Halloween Disco, Fancy dress . November 16th Five Ska are back sure to be a sell out, book early. November 24th Craft Fair . New Years Eve Back by popular request All Glammed Up. FRIDAY NIGHTS Our members draw £100 takes place between 9.00 and 10.30, you must be in the club at the time to win it. Members play your cards right as of June 10th over £3000 and the weekly meat draw are also available.
    [Show full text]
  • Lamps = Sources: Points, Blobs, and Lines
    Lamps = Sources: Points, Blobs, and Lines All life on earth evolved under both sunlight and darkness. This light and dark cycle not only allowed for various activities, but Light Sources Secondary Light Sources Eyes Brain evolved to regulate all species circadian rhythm – internal biological clock. Generators – Modifiers and Re-transmitters Receivers – Decoder – Transmitters Encoders Interpreter Sun, Discharge lamps, Atmosphere, Air, Water, Planets, Lenses, Cornea, Iris, Lens, Analysis, fluorescent lamps. Windows, Tress – All natural or manufactured Rods & Cones, Identification Incandescent lamps, objects which modify light waves before they Optic Nerves Association Open flames, etc. reach the eye. Perception Invented in 1880 - Only 125 years in our environment! IN THE BEGINNING IN THE BEGINNING Let There Be Light! - (c 4.5 Billion BC) FIRE, FLAME and TORCH - (c 400,000 BC) In the beginning it was dark and cold. There was no sun, no light, no Homo erectus probably discovered fire by accident. Fire was most earth, no solar system. There was nothing, just the empty void of likely given to man as a 'gift from the heavens' when a bolt of space. Then slowly, about 4.5 billion years ago, a swirling nebula, - a lightning struck a tree or a bush, suddenly starting it on fire. huge cloud of gas and dust was formed. Eventually this cloud The flaming touch and the campfire probably constituted early contracted and grew into a central molten mass that became our sun. man's first use of 'artificial' lighting. For the first time man gained At first the sun was a molten glow. As the core pressure increased, some small degree of freedom from the blindness of night, and and the temperature rose to millions of degrees - a star was born.
    [Show full text]
  • Be Aware of This Before Lighting a Campfire Campfires and Barbecuing Are Pleasant out in the Open and in Your Own Garden
    Engelsk Be aware of this before lighting a campfire Campfires and barbecuing are pleasant out in the open and in your own garden. Here you can see how and when you can barbecue and light campfires, and which precautions you should take. In Norway everyone must show care and Tips for safe fires: act in a way to prevent fires from occurring. This concerns everyone, at all times end • Consider the risk of forest fire and wind everywhere. conditions. • It is always the person burning the fire We also have a general ban on fires from 15 who is responsible for fire safety. April to 15 September, where it is prohibited • There should be an adult, sober person to light campfires and barbecues in or close responsible for the fire. to forests and other outlying areas. • The fire should be a good distance from buildings and vegetation. Beaches are often considered outlying • It is not permitted to light fires on rocks areas and are thus included in the general along the coast. ban of campfires. • The fire must not be larger than that you can control it and extinguish it if Violations of the duty of care or the general necessary. ban on campfires are punishable by fines or • Have suitable means for extinguishing imprisonment. easily available. • It is prohibited to burn plastic, building Although there is a general ban on materials and other waste. campfires, you are permitted to light • When you leave the site of the fire, it campfires where it is obvious a fire cannot must be completely extinguished.
    [Show full text]
  • Brightness of Common Lights Types of Light Sources Tips 2 Last-Ditch Candle Options
    Types of Light Sources Light Lamps & Candles Flashlights Lanterns Other • Battery- • Battery- • Battery- • Campfire The power goes out. It’s one of the most common powered powered powered • Chemical emergency situations every person will encounter. Power outages • Birthday • Hand- • Candle sticks affect food, water, inside temperatures, and so many other things • Decorative cranked • Hand- • Fireplace we don’t think about much. One of the easiest things to • Fragrant • Headlamps cranked • Generator- • Homemade • Keychain • Kerosene powered prepare in response to a power outage is light. • Petroleum • LED • LED • Glow-in- jelly • Solar- • Oil the-dark Good light sources will ● help you get things done that need to be powered • Propane • Solar- done, ● help you stay safe in the dark, and even ● help you • Solar- powered mentally manage a power outage. powered Brightness of Common Lights Tips Light Source Lumens Items Locations Plan Birthday candle 1 • Inventory light • By each bed • Talk to each Green glow stick 1 sources • In each room family member Miniature keychain LED 2 • Stock • In the car • Practice Common candle 13 o Batteries • In 96-hour kit Luci Light original 50 o Matches • In the yard 3-watt LED 200 o Other fuel • With camping Maglite 2 D-cell LED 524 sources equipment Coleman one mantle kerosene lantern 700 o Accessories 60-watt standard lightbulb 800 2-mantle propane lantern 1,000 18-watt LED 1,300 2 Last-Ditch Candle Options 100-watt standard lightbulb 1,600 • Petroleum jelly: put a spoonful of petroleum jelly in a small dish. 25 W compact fluorescent light bulb 1,700 Rub some jelly on a cotton ball, stick one end in the dish, and light it as a wick.
    [Show full text]
  • Campfire Safety Tips
    Campfire Safety Tips All it takes is one spark for things to go wrong. A carelessly abandoned campfire or a campfire built without safe clearance can turn a small fire into a dangerous and fast-moving blaze. Be sure to build your campfire in a way that does not endanger anyone or the surrounding forest. Enjoy a safe campfire by following these campfire safety tips: Check with local authorities on open-air burning restrictions and follow local burning regulations. Keep up- to-date on fire bans in the area. Never build a campfire on a windy day. Sparks or embers from the fire could travel quite a distance setting an unintentional fire. Watch the wind direction to ensure sparks aren't getting on flammable materials. Put the fire out if wind changes begin to cause concern Build campfires where they will not spread; well away from tents, trailers, dry grass, leaves, overhanging tree branches or any other combustible. Build campfires in fire pits provided or on bare rock or sand, if no fire pit is provided. Maintain a 2 to 3.5 metre (6 – 10 foot) clearance around your campfire. Build a campfire surround with rocks to contain your campfire. Be aware that rocks obtained from the river may explode due to moisture in the rock becoming superheated by the campfire. Use crumpled paper and/or kindling to start a fire rather than using flammable liquids. Never use gasoline as an aid to starting a campfire. If a fire starter is required, use only proper lighting fluid and use the lighting fluid sparingly.
    [Show full text]
  • View from the Hill
    Our Mission: The Friends of Mosquito Hill support, promote and enhance View Mosquito Hill Nature Center. We realize this mission through from the volunteerism, fundraising and Hill our shared passion for nature. Winter 2011-2012 • A newsletter for friends and members of Friends of Mosquito Hill, Inc. Green Gift Opens Door for Energy Education Exhibit Mike Hibbard, Director/Naturalist The panel will display how much n October, Friends of Mosquito Hill electricity is produced by various was awarded a $2,500 grant from energy sources and how much energy Holiday Greetings to Our Cellcom through its Green Gifts is required to operate each appliance. I Interpretive signage is planned, targeted Members, New & Long-time: program, which utilizes funds from recycled cell phones to make grants toward the general public but also for our We welcome the following new to charitable organizations for green naturalist staff to use during educational members to Friends of Mosquito Hill: initiatives. Our grant will be used with programs. • Roberta Alder matching funds from FOMH to develop The exhibit will not only demonstrate • Jamie Bessette a new interactive energy education how electricity is generated but we want • Shelley Podell exhibit for the nature center’s interpretive it to facilitate discussions about renewable • Catherine Yurk building, including a bicycle like one • Harriet Zuiker vs. non-renewable energy sources and you’ve never seen before. the importance of energy conservation f you joined since July, your It’s called the energy cycle and it features in the home and at work. We hope that membership is in effect until December a bicycle connected to a generator.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Flame Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectrometry
    Chapter 3 Flame Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectrometry 2.1 Introduction and History of AAS The first observation of atomic emission dates back to at least the first campfire where hominoids/humans observed a yellow color in the flame. This color was caused by the relaxation of the 3p electron to a 3s orbital in sodium (refer to the energy level diagram in Figure 2.3 given earlier), and in part by carbene ions. Slightly more advanced, but still unexplained observations were responsible for the first development of colorful fireworks in China over 2000 years ago. A few of the more relevant discoveries for atomic spectroscopy were the first observations by Newton of the separation of white light into different colors by a prism in 1740, the development of the first spectroscope (a device for studying small concentrations of elements) in 1859 by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, and the first quantitative analysis (of sodium) by flame emission by Champion, Pellet, and Grenier in 1873. The birth of atomic spectrometry began with the first patent of atomic absorption spectrometry by Walsh in 1955. In the same year, flames were employed to atomize and excite atoms of several elements. The first atomic absorption instrument was made commercially available in 1962. Since then, there have been a series of rapid developments that are ongoing in atomic and emission spectrometry including a variety of fuels and oxidants that can be used for the flame, the replacement of prisms with grating monochromators, a variety of novel sample introduction techniques (hydride, graphite furnace, cold vapor, and glow discharge), advances in electronics (especially microprocessors to control the instrument and for the collection and processing of data), and the development of atomic fluorescence spectrometry.
    [Show full text]
  • Campfire Songbook
    Linda’s Campfire Songbook Remembered, Recollected and Rehashed so they can be Resung The majority of these songs are from my own Girl Scout days, learned at troop meetings and camps. While I remembered most of them (I can’t remember names from yesterday, but I can remember songs from 30+ years ago!), the Internet helped me fill in missing words or actions and jogged my memory. A few songs in here I’ve added from my time leading a children’s choir. Then there are those few that I found on the ‘net, knew the tune, and thought they were worth adding. I hope you enjoy these! Choruses / refrains in songs are indented rather than labeled. You know when to sing ‘em – in between verses! Any song that does choruses in a different way will be noted. First compiled August 3, 2006 Last Updated October 9, 2006 Table of Contents Opening Action Songs, continued Hello Hello 3 My Aunt Came Back 11 More We Get Together 3 Noble Duke of York 11 Rise Up Oh Flame 3 On a Day Like This 12 Patsy Oree Oree Ay 12 Graces Peanut Butter 12 Auld Lang Syne Grace 3 Wada Lee Atch­a 12 Be Present At Our Table, Lord 3 You Can’t Roller Skate in a Buffalo Herd 13 Daylight Taps 3 Doo Wah Diddy Grace 3 Silly Songs For Health and Strength 3 Ain’t Gonna Rain 14 God Has Created a New Day 3 Ain’t It Great to be Crazy 14 God Is Great 3 All You Etta 14 God Our Father 3 Be Kind to Your Web­Footed Friends 15 Morning is Here 3 Billboard Song 15 Orchard and Ocean 4 Boa Constrictor 15 Rock You Grace 4 Donut Song 15 Thanks Be To God 4 Fast Food 15 Time To Eat 4 First Aider’s Song 16 We
    [Show full text]
  • The Dark Side of Light Pollution
    www.IDAHODARKSKY.org – Frank Church, U.S. Senator U.S. Church, Frank – The Dark Side of Light Pollution star-studded summer sky.” sky.” summer star-studded an Idaho mountainside under a a under mountainside Idaho an Energy – According to the U.S Department of Energy, about 35% of light is wasted by unshielded and poorly spending the night in the open on on open the in night the spending aimed lighting. That amounts to $3.3 billion and 21 million self important in the morning after after morning the in important self tons of carbon dioxide per year. “I never knew a man who felt felt who man a knew never “I Heritage – Humans throughout history have looked up at the natural night sky with awe and curiosity. The starry sky has provided navigation assistance, spurred scientific endeavors, and inspired artists, poets, and stargazers. YOU CAN HELP MINIMIZE LIGHT POLLUTION Welcome to The good news about light pollution is that it is easier to resolve than other forms of pollution. You can literally just the Central Idaho Very Bad Bad Better Best flip a switch to make a difference! 1. Inspect the lighting around your home. Turning off Dark Sky Reserve! e’ve all learned about land, water, and air unnecessary lights reduces light pollution, saves you money, PHOTO PETER BY LOVERA pollution but have you ever thought about light and cuts energy use. W ere in the heart of central Idaho, we celebrate our pollution? The International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) pristine night sky as part of our heritage and a treasure website defines light pollution as the inappropriate or H worth preserving for our children and future generations.
    [Show full text]