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Effectiveness of Three Pesticides Against Carmine Spider Mite (Tetranychus Cinnabarinus Boisduval) Eggs on Tomato in Botswana
Vol. 17(8), pp. 1088-xxx, August, 2021 DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2021.15591 Article Number: 3489C4F67485 ISSN: 1991-637X Copyright ©2021 African Journal of Agricultural Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR Research Full Length Research Paper Effectiveness of three pesticides against carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval) eggs on tomato in Botswana Mitch M. Legwaila1, Motshwari Obopile2 and Bamphitlhi Tiroesele2* 1Botswana National Museum, Box 00114, Gaborone, Botswana. 2Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P/Bag 00114, Gaborone, Botswana. Received 13 April, 2021; Accepted 16 July, 2021 The carmine spider mite (CSM; Tetranychus cinnabarinus Bois.) is one of the most destructive pests of vegetables, especially tomatoes. Its management in Botswana has, for years, relied on the use of pesticides. This study evaluated the efficacy of abamectin, methomyl and chlorfenapyr against CSM eggs under laboratory conditions in Botswana. Each treatment was replicated three times. The toxic effect was evaluated in the laboratory bioassay after 24, 48 and 72 h of application of pesticides. This study revealed that chlorfenapyr was relatively more effective since it had lower LD50 values than those for abamectin and methomyl. It was further revealed that at recommended rates, 90% mortalities occurred 48 h after application of methomyl and chlorfenapyr, while abamectin did not achieve 90% mortality throughout the study period. This implies that abamectin requires extra dosages to achieve mortalities comparable to those of the other two pesticides. The study has found that chlorfenapyr was the most effective insecticide followed by methomyl and then abamectin when applied on CSM eggs. -
Evidence for Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And
Evidence for synonymy between Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review and new data Philippe Auger, Alain Migeon, Edward A. Ueckermann, Louwrens Tiedt, Maria Navajas Navarro To cite this version: Philippe Auger, Alain Migeon, Edward A. Ueckermann, Louwrens Tiedt, Maria Navajas Navarro. Ev- idence for synonymy between Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review and new data. Acarologia, Acarologia, 2013, 53 (4), pp.383-415. 10.1051/ac- arologia/20132102. hal-00979843 HAL Id: hal-00979843 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00979843 Submitted on 16 Apr 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Acarologia 53(4): 383–415 (2013) DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/2013XXXX EVIDENCE FOR SYNONYMY BETWEEN TETRANYCHUS URTICAE AND TETRANYCHUS CINNABARINUS (ACARI, PROSTIGMATA, TETRANYCHIDAE): REVIEW AND NEW DATA Philippe AUGER1,*, Alain MIGEON1, Edward A. UECKERMANN2, 3, Louwrens TIEDT3 and Maria NAVAJAS1 (Received 19 April 2013; accepted 02 June 2013; published online 19 December 2013) 1 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / CIRAD / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus international de Baillarguet, CS 30016, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez cedex, France. -
Coccidology. the Study of Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria (E-Journal) Revista Corpoica – Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria (2008) 9(2), 55-61 RevIEW ARTICLE Coccidology. The study of scale insects (Hemiptera: Takumasa Kondo1, Penny J. Gullan2, Douglas J. Williams3 Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) Coccidología. El estudio de insectos ABSTRACT escama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: A brief introduction to the science of coccidology, and a synopsis of the history, Coccoidea) advances and challenges in this field of study are discussed. The changes in coccidology since the publication of the Systema Naturae by Carolus Linnaeus 250 years ago are RESUMEN Se presenta una breve introducción a la briefly reviewed. The economic importance, the phylogenetic relationships and the ciencia de la coccidología y se discute una application of DNA barcoding to scale insect identification are also considered in the sinopsis de la historia, avances y desafíos de discussion section. este campo de estudio. Se hace una breve revisión de los cambios de la coccidología Keywords: Scale, insects, coccidae, DNA, history. desde la publicación de Systema Naturae por Carolus Linnaeus hace 250 años. También se discuten la importancia económica, las INTRODUCTION Sternorrhyncha (Gullan & Martin, 2003). relaciones filogenéticas y la aplicación de These insects are usually less than 5 mm códigos de barras del ADN en la identificación occidology is the branch of in length. Their taxonomy is based mainly de insectos escama. C entomology that deals with the study of on the microscopic cuticular features of hemipterous insects of the superfamily Palabras clave: insectos, escama, coccidae, the adult female. -
Status of Beekeeping in Ethiopia- a Review
Journal of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 2573-2196 Review Article Dairy and Vet Sci J Volume 8 Issue 4 - December 2018 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Kenesa Teferi DOI: 10.19080/JDVS.2018.08.555743 Status of Beekeeping in Ethiopia- A Review Kenesa Teferi* College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Submission: November 16, 2018; Published: December 06, 2018 *Corresponding author: Kenesa Teferi, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mekelle University, Ethiopia Summary Beekeeping practices is an oldest agricultural activity in Ethiopia. It is a major integral component in agricultural economy of the country. It contributes to the economy of the country directly and indirectly. Its direct contributions are collection of the honey and hive products such as bees wax, and bee colonies whereas its indirect contributions are increase in crop production and conservation of the natural environment through pollination. Despite all the potentials the subsector can offer, the apiculture in Ethiopia has suffered from under estimation of its potential and its role for socioeconomic development. The country’s potential for honey and beeswax production is expected to be 500,000 and 50, 000 tons per year for honey and beeswax respectively, but only approximately about 10% of the honey and wax potential have been tapped, and the commercialization of other high value bee products such as pollen, propolis and bee venom is not yet practiced at a marketable volume, even not yet recognized. Ethiopia ranks ninth in honey and third in beeswax production in the world. All regions of Ethiopia produce honey, but their production potential is different based on suitability of the regions for beekeeping i.e., density of bee’s forages across the region is different and the techniques varies also. -
Survey of the Pests and Diseases of Honeybees in Sudan
Survey of the pests and diseases of honeybees in Sudan By Mogbel Ahmed Abdalla El-Niweiri B.Sc. (Agric.) Honours, Faculty of Agriculture ١٩٩٨ University of Khartoum A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Agriculture Supervisor Prof. Mohammed S.A. El-Sarrag Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Khartoum ٢٠٠٤-April ١ Dedication To my beloved family and to all who work in beekeeping ٢ Acknowledgements Thanks and praise first and last to my god the most Gracious and the most Merciful who enabled me to performance this research I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor professor M.S.A.El-Sarrag for introducing me to the subject and for his guidance and patience during my study I am extremely grateful to The beekeepers union in Kabom, south Darfur, El wiam Apiary in Kordfan, and Ais Eldin Elnobi apiary in Halfa for their assistant in inspecting honeybee colonies. I am so grateful to all owners of apiary in Khartoum My deep thanks to my teacher Abu obida O. Ibrahim for his assistance in inspecting imported colonies Thanks are also extended to the following; Insects collection, Agriculture Research Corporation, Sudan Institute for Natural Sciences and Wild life Research Center for their assistance in identification insects, birds, and animals samples. I would like to thank all my colleagues in the Environment and Natural Resources Institute specially thanks due to Satti and Seif Eldin Thanks are also extended to Awad M. E. and Aiad from -
Hemiptera: Coccoidea)
Journal of Agricultural Science; Vol. 10, No. 4; 2018 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916-9760 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Efficacy of Libidibia ferrea var. ferrea and Agave sisalana Extracts against Dactylopius opuntiae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) Rosineide S. Lopes1, Luciana G. Oliveira1, Antonio F. Costa1, Maria T. S. Correia2, Elza A. Luna-Alves Lima3 & Vera L. M. Lima2 1 Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA), Recife, Brazil 2 Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil 3 Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil Correspondence: Vera L. M. Lima, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP: 50670-420, Brazil. Tel: 55-(81)-2126-8576. E-mail: [email protected] Received: December 18, 2017 Accepted: January 24, 2018 Online Published: March 15, 2018 doi:10.5539/jas.v10n4p255 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n4p255 The research is financed by “Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco” (FACEPE), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level -or Education- Personnel) (CAPES), and “Banco do Nordeste do Brasil” (BNB). Abstract The carmine cochineal (Dactylopius opuntiae) is an insect-plague of Opuntia ficus-indica palm crops, causing losses in the production of the vegetable used as forage for the Brazilian semiarid animals. The objective of this work was to analyze the efficacy of plant extracts, insecticides and their combination in the control of D. opuntiae. Leaf and pod extracts of Libidibia ferrea var. -
Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) W
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Technical Bulletins Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station 5-1-1972 TB55: Food Lists of Hippodamia (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) W. L. Vaundell R. H. Storch Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Vaundell, W.L. and R.H. Storch. 1972. Food lists of Hippodamia (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Life Sciences and Agriculture Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 55. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technical Bulletins by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Food Lists of Hippodamia (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) W.L. Vaundell R.H. Storch UNIVERSITY OF MAINE AT ORONO LIFE SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURE EXPERIMENT STATION MAY 1972 ABSTRACT Food lists for Hippodamia Iredecimpunctata (Linnaeus) and the genus Hippodamia as reported in the literature are given. A complete list of citations is included. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors are indebted to Dr. G. W. Simpson (Life Sciences Agriculture Experiment Station) for critically reading the manus and to Drs. M. E. MacGillivray (Canada Department of Agricull and G. W. Simpson for assistance in the nomenclature of the Aphid Research reported herein was supported by Hatch Funds. Food List of Hippodamia (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) W. L. Vaundell1 and R. H. Storch The larval and adult coccinellids of the subfamily Coccinellinae, except for the Psylloborini, are predaceous (Arnett, 1960). The possi ble use of lady beetles to aid in the control of arthropod pests has had cosmopolitan consideration, for example, Britton 1914, Lipa and Sem'yanov 1967, Rojas 1967, and Sacharov 1915. -
DECEMBER 2018 TREE of the MONTH Scarlet Oak ● Quercus Coccinea RED OAK • BLACK OAK • SPANISH OAK
DECEMBER 2018 TREE OF THE MONTH Scarlet Oak ● Quercus coccinea RED OAK • BLACK OAK • SPANISH OAK Scarlet oak is a medium-sized tree native to eastern and central North America. Scarlet oaks are popular landscape trees because of their fast growth and brilliant autumn color. Scarlet oak grows on sandy and acidic soils, reaching 20-30 meters in height with an open, rounded crown and an alternate branching pattern. Scarlet oaks are fast-growing, shade-intolerant trees that often associate with black oaks (Quercus velutina) and red oaks (Quercus rubra). OPPOSITE BRANCHING PATTERN ALTERNATE BRANCHING PATTERN POINTY LEAVES The leaves are shiny with deep, rounded sinuses, and each lobe has three teeth on the 6p. The leaves turn bright scarlet in autumn. Characteris6cally for oaks, the buds are clustered around the terminal bud at the end of the twig. Each bud is covered with whi6sh hairs on the upper half. The inner bark is pinkish brown and, unusually for oaks, is not bi>er. SPRING BLOOMERS Scarlet oaks Mlower in mid-spring, often May, and bear drooping male catkins (clusters) and female Mlowers singly or in groups of two or three. Acorns develop later in the season in singles or pairs and drop in late Autumn. FOOD FOR ALL Scarlet oak acorns are popular for many wildlife species, from squirrels, mice, and chipmunks, to deer, wild turkeys, and woodpeckers, and jays. TRICKY FELLOW Quercus coccinea is often be confused with the northern red oak (Quercus rubra), black oak (Quercus velutina) and pin oak (Quercus palustris). Tree of the Month is a collabora1on between BEAT, the City of Pi:sfield and Pi:sfield Tree Watch. -
Creation and Reference Characterization of Edo Period
Villafana and Edwards Herit Sci (2019) 7:94 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-019-0330-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Creation and reference characterization of Edo period Japanese woodblock printing ink colorant samples using multimodal imaging and refectance spectroscopy Tana Villafana1* and Gwenanne Edwards2 Abstract The Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division holds a large collection of Edo period (1615–1868) nishiki-e, Japanese multicolored woodblock prints. The sensitivities of some of the traditional colorants to environmental and conservation treatment factors results in numerous preservation concerns. Characterization of colorants in these prints can help guide preservation policies, however, identifcation of colorants can be difcult and re-creation meth- odologies for reference samples have been elusive. This paper details reproducible colorant preparation methods and characterizes these samples using accessible non-invasive techniques, multimodal imaging and refectance spectros- copy. A majority of the colorants can be identifed using the two techniques as complementary methods. Keywords: Japanese woodblock prints, Nishiki-e, Ukiyo-e, Colorants, Sample-making, FORS, Multimodal imaging Introduction been less defnitively identifed in the literature, although Until recently, identifcation of colorants used in Edo common inorganics are included for reference. Easily period nishiki-e, Japanese multicolored woodblock accessible nondestructive analytical techniques, multi- prints, was speculative, based on suggestions in the lit- modal imaging and fber optic refectance spectroscopy erature [1–4] and analytical studies of Japanese painting (FORS), are used complementarily for characterization. [5–8] and textile [9] colorants. New analytical research FORS and multimodal imaging are not new to the feld has started to shed light onto the colorants used in Edo of cultural heritage research, however there has yet to be period nishiki-e, resulting in identifcation instead of an exhaustive study of Japanese woodblock ink colorants conjecture [10–22]. -
Scale Insects /Hemiptera, Coccoidea/ As a Source of Natural Dye and Other Useful Substances
VOL. 15 APHIDS AND OTHER HEMIPTEROUS INSECTS 151±167 Scale insects /Hemiptera, Coccoidea/ as a source of natural dye and other useful substances BOZÇ ENA èAGOWSKA,KATARZYNA GOLAN Department of Entomology, University of Life Sciences KroÂla LeszczynÂskiego 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland [email protected] [email protected] Abstract For centuries some scale insect species have been used for the production of dye (Porphyrophora polonica, P. hameli, Kermes vermilio, Kerria lacca), wax (Ceroplastes ceriferus, C. irregularis, Ericerus pela), lac and shellac (K. lacca); these hemipterons are also the source of honeydew. Nowadays, some of them (Dactylopius coccus) deliver natural pigment which is used for yoghurt, sweets and soft drinks production. Polish cochineal is considered to be a historical and well-earned species for Poland. During Jagiellonian times it constituted one of the more important factors in national economy contributing to the country's prosperity and the society's well-being. Also today it could be used in many sectors of the eco- nomy, e.g. in food production. One of the factors which makes it more difficult to use species of the Porphyrophora genus in mass production of carmine dye is a too little content of dyeing substance in the bodies of these insects and a too large content of fat (about 30% of body mass) which inhibits the process of fabrics dyeing. An additional, though not less important problem is a remar- kable disappearance of P. polonica and P. hameli which is related with the damage of their natural habitats. The phenomenon of scale insect disappea- rance and the need for its protection was noticed back in the eighteenth cen- tury. -
Global Entomologies: Insects, Empires, and the ‘Synthetic Age’ *
Downloaded from http://past.oxfordjournals.org/ at Amherst College Library, Serials Section on October 31, 2013 , new edn charts in the 1 The Last Loop of the * Billboard ThePastandPresentSociety,Oxford,2013 I Oriental Rugs Today: A Guide to the Best New ß lu and Oktay Aslanapa, d o ´ (Istanbul, 2006). On the different materials used in lmecid I (1839–61) founded the Hereke ¨ Ella Fitzgerald: A Biography of the First Lady of Jazz British Military Spectacle: From the Napoleonic Wars through the , 2nd edn (Berkeley, 2003), 80; for more on the Hereke Imperial IN WORLD HISTORY (2013) (Cambridge, Mass., 1996), 68. Stuart Nicholson, GLOBAL ENTOMOLOGIES: INSECTS, A trio of more incongruous events, spanning three centuries, * Thanks to Nina Gordon, Steven Gray, Hannah Greenwald, Ken Kopp, Tricia 1 EMPIRES, AND THE ‘SYNTHETIC AGE’ doi:10.1093/pastj/gtt026 In November 1944, Decca RecordsElla released Fitzgerald an and album The Ink featuring Spots.‘I’m The Making two Believe’ tracks and on ‘Into the Eachspent record, Life seventeen Some Rain weeks Must at Fall’, United the States top and oftween inaugurated the the ‘First a Lady long-termMilt of collaboration Song’ Gabler. and be- Ottoman the A Sultan fabled Abdu century record producer before this musical milestone, the (New York, 1995), 81. EmmettCarpets Eiland, from the East Carpet Manufacture, see Ayt¸eFazly Past and Present Lipton, Benjamin Madley, JerryPeterson, Melillo, Khary Lalise Polk, Melillo, Elizabeth Michaelearlier Pryor O’Connor, versions and of Dawn this Theodore article. Waddelow for their input on might seem difficult totonishing imagine, feature. They yet depended these on the episodes tremendous share productive an as- Imperial Carpet Manufacture tohis produce Palace elaborate Dolmabahc¸e on silk the rugs Seagant for of carpets, Marmara. -
Dylon Dye Questions and Information
Dylon Dye Questions and Information What fabrics can I dye? Cotton, linen and viscose will dye to the full shade shown on the pack. Mixtures of these with polyester will result in lighter shades. Polyester, nylon and other synthetics 1. cannot be dyed. Wool and silk can be dyed with Dylon Hand Fabric Dye. If you're not sure whether a fabric is suitable for dyeing please give the friendly Dylon experts a call on 01737 742 020. Will dye cover up bleach marks? As bleach can harm the fabric, dyeing will not usually cover up bleach marks. 2. Can I dye fabric white? It is not possible to dye a fabric white. 3. Can I dye denim? Yes, Machine Fabric Dye or Wash & Dye are best for dyeing denim however you will lose the light dark contrast typically associated with denim. 4. What do I do if I don't know what the fabric is? Cut a small section from an inconspicuous area such as the hem and send it to Dylon 5. and they will let you know. Can I dye faded items? Yes but you should use Dylon Pre-Dye first to remove the colour from the fabric and to ensure that you achieve an even colour. 6. Can I use dyes in the microwave? Yes you can use Dylon Hand Fabric Dye in the microwave. Microwave dyeing can achieve some good tie-dye effects however if you are looking for an even finish we 7. would not recommend using a microwave. Why do I need to use salt? You need to use salt with all Dylon dyes except Wash & Dye and Machine Dye with 8.