DOCSLIB.ORG

February 2019 (.Pdf)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

inform February 2019 February Volume 30 (2) Volume inform International News on Fats, Oils, and Related Materials “Clean” COSMETICS ALSO INSIDE: Navigating TSCA Detecting oats Specialty fats in China We team up with the most demanding Oils & Fats processors in the world COMPLETE PREPARATION PLANTS Innovative proprietary Technologies based on the experience of • 220+ Preparation Plants • 3,000+ Rosedowns Presses COMPLETE EXTRACTION PLANTS Reliable and unmatched Technologies based on the experience of • 900+ Extractors • 900+ Desolventiser Toasters (Dryer Coolers) • 700+ Distillations & Solvent Recovery Sections COMPLETE REFINING PLANTS State-of-the-Art refining Technologies based on the experience of • 700+ Oil pretreatment Processes • 900+ Bleaching Processes • 1,400 + Deodorizing Processes COMPLETE FAT MODIFICATION PLANTS High performance Technologies based on the experience of : • 100+ Full Hydrogenation Processes • 80+ Interesterification Processes Desmet Ballestra designed and • 400+ Fractionation Processes delivered the largest extraction plant in the world, operating at 20,000 TPD with unmatched effi ciency. Science behind Technology US-Process-2017.indd 1 3/7/17 9:37 AM We team up with the most SOLUTIONS FOR CHEMICAL PROCESSING EXCELLENCE demanding Oils & Fats processors Lab, Pilot & Large Scale Production Capabilities in the world Science and industry have looked to Pope Scientifi c for over 50 years to fulfi ll demanding separation, COMPLETE PREPARATION PLANTS purifi cation and mixing applications. In addition to complete turnkey processing equipment Innovative proprietary Technologies based on manufacturing, we offer toll processing services (customized contract distillation) for cost effectiveness the experience of and feasibility testing to demonstrate process/equipment success. Our product line-up includes: • 220+ Preparation Plants • 3,000+ Rosedowns Presses COMPLETE EXTRACTION PLANTS Fractional Distillation Systems Wiped Film Stills Hybrid Wiped Film/ Reliable and unmatched Technologies • Batch or Continuous Mode • Molecular (Short-Path) Still & Fractional Stills Evaporator Confi gurations based on the experience of • Featuring Packed Column Technology • Combining the Multi-Plate Effi ciency • 900+ Extractors for Greatest Purity & Yield • Providing Gentlest Separations of of Fractional Columns with the Gentle • 900+ Desolventiser Toasters (Dryer Coolers) Materials High in BP, MW, Heat Reboiling Effect of Wiped Film Evaporators Sensitivity and Viscosity for Optimized Purity and Yield • 700+ Distillations & Solvent Recovery Sections COMPLETE REFINING PLANTS State-of-the-Art refining Technologies based on the experience of • 700+ Oil pretreatment Processes • 900+ Bleaching Processes • 1,400 + Deodorizing Processes COMPLETE FAT MODIFICATION PLANTS High performance Technologies based on the experience of : • 100+ Full Hydrogenation Processes • 80+ Interesterification Processes Desmet Ballestra designed and • 400+ Fractionation Processes delivered the largest extraction plant in the world, operating at 20,000 TPD with unmatched effi ciency. Process Vessels & Systems Nutsche Filter-Dryers • From 0.1 to 5000 Liters • Benchtop Model is Logical Step Up from Laboratory Buchner • Special Designs for Reactors, Funnel Fermenters, Mixers, Homogenizers, Dispensers, • All-in-One Solution for Filtering, Hydrogenators and Other Washing, Reslurrying, Mixing & Turnkey Systems Drying High Purity Solids Science behind Technology www.popeinc.com Wide Application Range Includes: Fine & Specialty Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, Edible Oils, Esters, Foods, Flavors, 1-262-268-9300 Fragrances, Polymers, Biobased Chemicals & Fuels, Silicones, More US-Process-2017.indd 1 3/7/17 9:37 AM pope-scientific-inform-solutions-full-page-ad-7-24-18.indd 1 7/24/2018 12:56:01 PM February 2019 inform CONTENTS 6 The complexity of clean-label cosmetics The clean-label movement has spread to cosmetics and personal care. Learn how companies are innovating to make products and ingredients safer and more sustainable. 10 14 24 Revised Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)—Challenges for “new” 10 and “existing” substances Changes in the regulation of new and existing chemicals are affecting chemicals in commerce. Learn what you can do to maximize your chances of having a successful risk evaluation or new product submission. Vegetable oil-based removal of harmful metals from water 14 Chemical modification transforms ordinary vegetable oils into highly effective remediation agents that remove heavy metals, such as mercury, from aqueous solutions. Wild about oats: detecting unlabeled oats 19 in breakfast cereals using LC-MS Researchers in Australia develop an accurate method that can be used to detect unlabeled oats in commercial food products. Eight reasons to attend the 2019 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo 24 If you have not yet made plans to meet us in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, this May, you will after reading this article. DEPARTMENTS 5 Index to Advertisers Analysis/commentary Publications and more 17 Classified Advertising 27 Olio 36 Patents 9 AOCS Meeting Watch 30 Regulatory Review 38 AOCS Journals 32 China Update 40 Extracts & Distillates 35 Member Spotlight IKA Oil Refining & Biodiesel /// For reaction enhancement and maximum yield 3-A CIP CERTIFIED! Mixing and dispersing technology Advantages of IKA technology Degumming and neutralizing are the most › high production quality and yield important process steps in refining vegetable › throughput from 200 – 120,000 l/h oils. › low operation and investment cost › acceleration of chemical reactions The three-stage IKA DISPAX-REACTOR® is the › increased efficiency of mixing processes most advanced dispersing machine for this › more flexible production thorough mixing of acid and oil and can also › reduced space requirement be used for neutralization. Using this special IKA inline homogenizer, the degumming, neutralization, as well as the transesterification can be done continuously in a single step with continuous dosing of the raw materials. Applications › acid degumming › enzymatic degumming › neutralization › bleaching › primary & secondary transesterification › primary & secondary water wash For more information please contact us: +1 910 452-7059 ext. 210 Continuous solid-liquid mixing IKA-Works, Inc. 2635 Northchase Parkway SE, Wilmington, NC 28405 Phone: +1 910 452-7059, Fax: +1 910 452-7693 eMail: [email protected], web: www.ikausa.com IKAworldwide IKAworldwide /// #lookattheblue @IKAworldwide 20180222_Ad._BIODIESEL_8.25x11inch.indd 1 23/02/2018 9:05 AM 2710 South Boulder Drive P.O. Box 17190 Urbana, IL 61803-7190 USA inform Phone: +1 217-359-2344 www.aocs.org Fax: +1 217-351-8091 Email: [email protected] ADVERTISING INSTRUCTIONS AND DEADLINES AOCS MISSION STATEMENT inform Closing dates are published on the AOCS website AOCS advances the science and International News on Fats, Oils, (www.aocs.org). Insertion orders received after technology of oils, fats, proteins, and Related Materials closing will be subject to acceptance at advertisers’ risk. No cancellations accepted after closing date. surfactants, and related materials, ISSN: 1528-9303 IFRMEC 30 (2) Ad materials must be prepared per published print enriching the lives of people everywhere. Copyright © 2013 AOCS Press ad specifications (posted on www.aocs.org) and re- ceived by the published material closing dates. Ma- EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EMERITUS terials received after deadline or materials requir- James B.M. Rattray ing changes will be published at advertisers’ risk. Send insertion orders and materials to the email CONTRIBUTING EDITORS address below. NOTE: AOCS reserves the right to reject adver- Scott Bloomer Leslie Kleiner Zong Meng tising copy which in its opinion is unethical, mislead- ing, unfair, or otherwise inappropriate or incompat- EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ible with the character of Inform. Advertisers and Gijs Calliauw Leslie Kleiner Warren Schmidt advertising agencies assume liability for all content (including text, representation, and illustrations) of Fiona Case Khalid Mahmood Utkarsh Shah advertisements printed and also assume responsi- Frank Flider Michael Miguez Ignacio Vieitez bility for any claims arising therefrom made against Adeeb Hayyan Robert Moreau Bryan Yeh the publisher. Jerry King Jill Moser Bart Zwijnenburg AOCS Advertising: Christina Morley AOCS OFFICERS Phone: +1 217-693-4901 Fax: +1 217-693-4864 PRESIDENT: Len Sidisky, MilliporeSigma, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, USA [email protected] VICE PRESIDENT: Eric Decker, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA SECRETARY: Phil Kerr, SERIO Nutrition Solutions LLC, Dardenne Prairie, Missouri, USA Formerly published as Chemists’ Section, Cotton Oil Press, 1917–1924; Journal of the Oil and Fat Indus- TREASURER: Doug Bibus, Lipid Technologies LLC, Austin, Minnesota, USA tries, 1924–1931; Oil & Soap, 1932–1947; news por- CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER: Patrick Donnelly tion of JAOCS, 1948–1989. The American Oil Chem- ists’ Society assumes no responsibility for statements AOCS STAFF or opinions of contributors to its columns. Inform (ISSN: 1528-9303) is published 10 times MANAGING EDITOR: Kathy Heine per year in January, February, March, April, May, ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Rebecca Guenard June, July/August, September, October, November/ MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR: Janet Brown December by AOCS Press, 2710 South Boulder Drive, Urbana, IL 61802-6996 USA. Phone: +1 217-359- 2344. Periodicals Postage paid at Urbana, IL, and ad- PAGE LAYOUT: Moon Design ditional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send
Recommended publications
  • Mechanisms of Toxic Action of the Flavonoid Quercetin and Its Phase II Metabolites

    Mechanisms of Toxic Action of the Flavonoid Quercetin and Its Phase II Metabolites

    Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Hester van der Woude Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. I.M.C.M. Rietjens Hoogleraar in de Toxicologie Wageningen Universiteit Co-promotor: Dr. G.M. Alink Universitair Hoofddocent, Sectie Toxicologie Wageningen Universiteit. Promotiecommissie: Prof. Dr. A. Bast Universiteit Maastricht Dr. Ir. P.C.H. Hollman RIKILT Instituut voor Voedselveiligheid, Wageningen Prof. Dr. Ir. F.J. Kok Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. T. Walle Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoekschool VLAG Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Hester van der Woude Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. Dr. M.J. Kropff, in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 7 april 2006 des namiddags te half twee in de Aula Title Mechanisms of toxic action of the flavonoid quercetin and its phase II metabolites Author Hester van der Woude Thesis Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands (2006) with abstract, with references, with summary in Dutch. ISBN 90-8504-349-2 Abstract During and after absorption in the intestine, quercetin is extensively metabolised by the phase II biotransformation system. Because the biological activity of flavonoids is dependent on the number and position of free hydroxyl groups, a first objective of this thesis was to investigate the consequences of phase II metabolism of quercetin for its biological activity. For this purpose, a set of analysis methods comprising HPLC-DAD, LC-MS and 1H NMR proved to be a useful tool in the identification of the phase II metabolite pattern of quercetin in various biological systems.
  • Shilin Yang Doctor of Philosophy

    Shilin Yang Doctor of Philosophy

    PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. THESIS Presented by SHILIN YANG For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF LONDON DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY THE SCHOOL OF PHARMACY THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON BRUNSWICK SQUARE, LONDON WC1N 1AX ProQuest Number: U063742 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest U063742 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Professor J.D. Phillipson and Dr. M.J.O’Neill for their supervision throughout the course of studies. I would especially like to thank Dr. M.F.Roberts for her great help. I like to thank Dr. K.C.S.C.Liu and B.C.Homeyer for their great help. My sincere thanks to Mrs.J.B.Hallsworth for her help. I am very grateful to the staff of the MS Spectroscopy Unit and NMR Unit of the School of Pharmacy, and the staff of the NMR Unit, King’s College, University of London, for running the MS and NMR spectra.
  • Estimation of Quercetin in Acacia Catechu Ethanolic Bark Extract by HPLC Method

    Estimation of Quercetin in Acacia Catechu Ethanolic Bark Extract by HPLC Method

    International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): IJPRIF ISSN : 0974-4304 Vol.4, No.1, pp 501-505, Jan-Mar 2012 Estimation of Quercetin in Acacia catechu Ethanolic Bark Extract by HPLC method Anitha Roy1, Lakshmi. T.*1, Geetha R.V.2 1Faculty of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai,India. 2Faculty of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai,India. *Corres. author: [email protected] Abstract: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a powerful analytical technique because of its reliability, simplicity, reproducibility, and speed. The aim of this work was to develop an accurate, specific, repeatable and robust method for the estimation of Quercetin content in Acacia catechu ethanolic bark extract. The method was validated in compliance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The data obtained from our study conclude that the amount of Quercetin present in Acacia catechu ethanolic bark extract is 0.070 % w/w. Keywords: Acacia catechu Bark, Quercetin, HPLC, ICH guidelines. INTRODUCTION Quercetin is a plant pigment found in many foods such white and heart wood is small and red in colour. The as onions, apples, berries, tea, grapes and red wine. It's leaves, bark and heartwood have many nutritional and not a nutrient, but is classified as a flavonoid. Like many medicinal uses. [3,4] other plant chemicals, it is sold as a supplement. Oral The chief constituents of the plant are catechin and quercetin is relatively well absorbed, and it is [5] [5] catechutannic acid. The wood contains epicatechin , metabolized mainly to isorhamnetin, tamarixetin and [1] Atzelchin, catechin tetramer, dicatechin, gallochin, kaempferol. It often occurs in plants as glycosides, [ 6,7,8] gossypetin, phlobatannin, kaempferol, quercetin .
  • Fluorescence Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Interactions of Quercetin, Isorhamnetin, and Quercetin-3'-Sulfate with Different Albumins

    Fluorescence Spectroscopic Evaluation of the Interactions of Quercetin, Isorhamnetin, and Quercetin-3'-Sulfate with Different Albumins

    Author’s Accepted Manuscript Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3'-sulfate with different albumins Miklós Poór, Gabriella Boda, Sándor Kunsági- Máté, Paul W. Needs, Paul A. Kroon, Beáta Lemli www.elsevier.com/locate/jlumin PII: S0022-2313(17)30968-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.10.024 Reference: LUMIN15091 To appear in: Journal of Luminescence Received date: 3 June 2017 Revised date: 2 October 2017 Accepted date: 10 October 2017 Cite this article as: Miklós Poór, Gabriella Boda, Sándor Kunsági-Máté, Paul W. Needs, Paul A. Kroon and Beáta Lemli, Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3'-sulfate with different albumins, Journal of Luminescence, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.10.024 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3'-sulfate with different albumins Miklós Poór,1,* Gabriella Boda,1 Sándor Kunsági-Máté,2,3 Paul W. Needs,4 Paul A. Kroon,4 Beáta Lemli 2,3 1Department
  • Transit and Metabolic Pathways of Quercetin in Tubular Cells: Involvement of Its Antioxidant Properties in the Kidney

    Transit and Metabolic Pathways of Quercetin in Tubular Cells: Involvement of Its Antioxidant Properties in the Kidney

    antioxidants Review Transit and Metabolic Pathways of Quercetin in Tubular Cells: Involvement of Its Antioxidant Properties in the Kidney Daniel Muñoz-Reyes 1,2,3 , Ana I. Morales 1,2,3,4,5,* and Marta Prieto 1,2,3,4,5 1 Toxicology Unit, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; [email protected] (D.M.-R.); [email protected] (M.P.) 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain 3 Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), 37007 Salamanca, Spain 4 Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain 5 National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, RD016/0009/0025, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-677-555-055 Abstract: Quercetin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it has been postulated as a molecule with great therapeutic potential. The renoprotective capacity of quercetin against various toxins that produce oxidative stress, in both in vivo and in vitro models, has been shown. However, it is not clear whether quercetin itself or any of its metabolites are responsible for the protective effects on the kidney. Although the pharmacokinetics of quercetin have been widely studied and the complexity of its transit throughout the body is well known, the metabolic processes that occur in the kidney are less known. Because of that, the objective of this review was to delve into the molecular and cellular events triggered Citation: Muñoz-Reyes, D.; Morales, by quercetin and/or its metabolites in the tubular cells, which could explain some of the protective A.I.; Prieto, M.
  • Diosmetin and Tamarixetin (Methylated Flavonoids): a Review on Their Chemistry, Sources, Pharmacology, and Anticancer Properties

    Diosmetin and Tamarixetin (Methylated Flavonoids): a Review on Their Chemistry, Sources, Pharmacology, and Anticancer Properties

    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 11(03), pp 022-028 March, 2021 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2021.110302 ISSN 2231-3354 Diosmetin and tamarixetin (methylated flavonoids): A review on their chemistry, sources, pharmacology, and anticancer properties Eric Wei Chiang Chan1*, Ying Ki Ng1, Chia Yee Tan1, Larsen Alessandro1, Siu Kuin Wong2, Hung Tuck Chan3 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2School of Foundation Studies, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sunsuria, Malaysia. 3Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received on: 21/10/2020 This review begins with an introduction to the basic skeleton and classes of flavonoids. Studies on flavonoids have Accepted on: 26/12/2020 shown that the presence or absence of their functional moieties is associated with enhanced cytotoxicity toward cancer Available online: 05/03/2021 cells. Functional moieties include the C2–C3 double bond, C3 hydroxyl group, and 4-carbonyl group at ring C and the pattern of hydroxylation at ring B. Subsequently, the current knowledge on the chemistry, sources, pharmacology, and anticancer properties of diosmetin (DMT) and tamarixetin (TMT), two lesser-known methylated flavonoids with Key words: similar molecular structures, is updated. DMT is a methylated flavone with three hydroxyl groups, while TMT is Methylated flavonoids, a methylated flavonol with four hydroxyl groups. Both DMT and TMT display strong cytotoxic effects on cancer diosmetin, tamarixetin, cell lines. Studies on the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of DMT included leukemia and breast, liver, cytotoxic, anti-cancer effects. prostate, lung, melanoma, colon, and renal cancer cells, while those of TMT have only been reported in leukemia and liver cancer cells.
  • Isorhamnetin and Hispidulin from Tamarix Ramosissima Inhibit

    Isorhamnetin and Hispidulin from Tamarix Ramosissima Inhibit

    foods Article Isorhamnetin and Hispidulin from Tamarix ramosissima Inhibit 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6- Phenylimidazo[4,5-b]Pyridine (PhIP) Formation by Trapping Phenylacetaldehyde as a Key Mechanism Xiaopu Ren 1,2 , Wei Wang 1, Yingjie Bao 1, Yuxia Zhu 1, Yawei Zhang 1, Yaping Lu 3, Zengqi Peng 1,* and Guanghong Zhou 1 1 Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education China, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; [email protected] (X.R.); [email protected] (W.W.); [email protected] (Y.B.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (G.Z.) 2 Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing in Xinjiang South, College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China 3 College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-25-84396558 Received: 7 March 2020; Accepted: 18 March 2020; Published: 3 April 2020 Abstract: Tamarix has been widely used as barbecue skewers to obtain a good taste and a unique flavor of roast lamb in China. Many flavonoids have been identified from Tamarix, which is an important strategy employed to reduce the formation of heterocyclic amines (HAs) in roast meat. Isorhamnetin, hispidulin, and cirsimaritin from Tamarix ramosissima bark extract (TRE) effectively inhibit the formation of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP), the most abundant HAs in foods, both in roast lamb patties and in chemical models.
  • Quercetin and Its Derivatives: Chemical Structure and Bioactivity – a Review

    Quercetin and Its Derivatives: Chemical Structure and Bioactivity – a Review

    POLISH JOURNAL OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SCIENCES www.pan.olsztyn.pl/journal/ Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. e-mail: [email protected] 2008, Vol. 58, No. 4, pp. 407-413 QUERCETIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES: CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND BIOACTIVITY – A REVIEW Małgorzata Materska Research Group of Phytochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Agricultural University, Lublin Key words: quercetin, phenolic compounds, bioactivity Quercetin is one of the major dietary flavonoids belonging to a group of flavonols. It occurs mainly as glycosides, but other derivatives of quercetin have been identified as well. Attached substituents change the biochemical activity and bioavailability of molecules when compared to the aglycone. This paper reviews some of recent advances in quercetin derivatives according to physical, chemical and biological properties as well as their content in some plant derived food. INTRODUCTION of DNA synthesis, inhibition of cancerous cell growth, de- crease and modification of cellular signal transduction path- In recent years, nutritionists have shown an increased in- ways [Erkoc et al., 2003]. terest in plant antioxidants which could be used in unmodi- In food, quercetin occurs mainly in a bounded form, with fied form as natural food preservatives to replace synthetic sugars, phenolic acids, alcohols etc. After ingestion, deriva- substances [Kaur & Kapoor, 2001]. Plant extracts contain tives of quercetin are hydrolyzed mostly in the gastrointes- various antioxidant compounds which occur in many forms, tinal tract and then absorbed and metabolised [Scalbert thus offering an attractive alternative to chemical preserva- & Williamson, 2000; Walle, 2004; Wiczkowski & Piskuła, tives. A small intake of these compounds and their structural 2004]. Therefore, the content and form of all quercetin de- diversity minimize the risk of food allergies.
  • Flavonoids from Artemisia Annua L. As Antioxidants and Their Potential Synergism with Artemisinin Against Malaria and Cancer

    Flavonoids from Artemisia Annua L. As Antioxidants and Their Potential Synergism with Artemisinin Against Malaria and Cancer

    Molecules 2010, 15, 3135-3170; doi:10.3390/molecules15053135 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Review Flavonoids from Artemisia annua L. as Antioxidants and Their Potential Synergism with Artemisinin against Malaria and Cancer 1, 2 3 4 Jorge F.S. Ferreira *, Devanand L. Luthria , Tomikazu Sasaki and Arne Heyerick 1 USDA-ARS, Appalachian Farming Systems Research Center, 1224 Airport Rd., Beaver, WV 25813, USA 2 USDA-ARS, Food Composition and Methods Development Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,. Bldg 161 BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] (D.L.L.) 3 Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] (T.S.) 4 Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; E-Mail: [email protected] (A.H.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]. Received: 26 January 2010; in revised form: 8 April 2010 / Accepted: 19 April 2010 / Published: 29 April 2010 Abstract: Artemisia annua is currently the only commercial source of the sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin. Since artemisinin was discovered as the active component of A. annua in early 1970s, hundreds of papers have focused on the anti-parasitic effects of artemisinin and its semi-synthetic analogs dihydroartemisinin, artemether, arteether, and artesunate. Artemisinin per se has not been used in mainstream clinical practice due to its poor bioavailability when compared to its analogs. In the past decade, the work with artemisinin-based compounds has expanded to their anti-cancer properties.
  • The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects

    The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects

    Published online: 2019-07-30 THIEME e244 Original Article The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects Alexander R. Stainer1 Parvathy Sasikumar1,2 Alexander P. Bye1 Amanda J. Unsworth1,3 Lisa M. Holbrook1,4 Marcus Tindall5 Julie A. Lovegrove6 Jonathan M. Gibbins1 1 Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Address for correspondence Jonathan M. Gibbins, PhD, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, 2 Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Harborne Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 3 School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, 6AS, United Kingdom (e-mail: [email protected]). Manchester, United Kingdom 4 School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom 5 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom 6 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom TH Open 2019;3:e244–e258. Abstract Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid, has been reported to possess antiplatelet activity. However, its extensive metabolism following ingestion has resulted in difficulty elucidating precise mechanisms of action. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antiplatelet mechanisms of two methylated metabolites of quercetin—isorhamnetin and tamarixetin—and explore potential interactions with aspirin. Isorhamnetin and tamarixetin inhibited human platelet aggregation, and suppressed activatory processes including granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 function, calcium mobilization, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)/linker for activation of T cells (LAT) phosphorylation downstream of glycoprotein VI with similar potency to quercetin.
  • Flavonoids: a Review Application. Parti For

    Flavonoids: a Review Application. Parti For

    J. Appl. Cosmetol. 25, 93-709 (July/September 2007) FLAVONOIDS: A REVIEW FOR COSMETIC APPLICATION. PARTI Mrs.ir. Elzbieta E.Brand-Garnys ', Dr. Horst Denzer ', Dr. Hamke Meijer ', Dr.ir. Hans M.Brand ' ' ELZBIETA COSMETICS B.V., Nieuwerkerk a/d IJssel - The Netherlands ' KAO CHEMICALS GmbH, Emmerich - Germany Received: March, 2007. Key words: Bio-active substances; Biologico/ extracts; Enzyme monipulation; Enzyme cofoctor; Summary Flavonoids are now recognised as essential dietary components, although their functions are just on the brink of understanding. Dietary requirements have been establi shed. Their significance is proba­ bly equal to vitamins. Approximately 5000 flavonoids have been identified, and the list is quickly expanding. The functionality of flavonoids is frequently "multi-purpose", contrary to vitamins, enzy­ mes and (to a lesser extent) hormones. Riassunto I flavonoidi sono riconosciuti come componenti essenziali delle diete, anche se non sono state anco­ ra comprese appieno le loro funzioni. Comunque ne è stato riconosciuto il loro ruolo dietetico che dovrebbe essere simile a quello delle vitamine. Circa 5000 sono i flavonoidi già identificati ed il loro numero si incrementa di continuo. Al contra­ rio delle vitamine, degli enzimi e degli ormoni, l'attività di questi composti naturali è più complessa e serve a molteplici scopi. 93 Flavonoids: a Review far Cosmetic App/ication INTRODUCTION noi. The corresponding flavonoids may be for­ med from the chalcones via oxidative ring closu­ The Greek word "flava" means yellow. re. Also flavonoids are known that are formed by Flavonoids represent a broad variation of aroma­ reduction of the carbonyl group on the 4-posi­ tic compounds occurring in higher plants, fre­ tion.
  • Comparison of the Urinary Excretion of Quercetin Glycosides from Red

    Comparison of the Urinary Excretion of Quercetin Glycosides from Red

    Food & Function Accepted Manuscript This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. We will replace this Accepted Manuscript with the edited and formatted Advance Article as soon as it is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/foodfunction Page 1 of 17 Food & Function 1 1 Comparison of the urinary excretion of quercetin glycosides from red onion and aglycone from 2 dietary supplements in healthy subjects: a randomized, single-blinded, cross-over study 3 Yuanlu Shi1, Gary Williamson1 4 1 School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK 5 Key words: quercetin, bioavailability, dietary supplement, human 6 Abbreviations: SEM, standard error of mean 7 * Corresponding Author: Gary Williamson, Tel: +44(0)113-343-8380; Email: 8 [email protected] Manuscript 9 Clinical trial registration: The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number 10 NCT01881919).