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Retrofitting Existing Homes in the Mekong Delta for Flood Resilience and Climate Adaptation

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Retrofitting Existing Homes in the Mekong Delta for Flood Resilience and Climate Adaptation AMPHIBIOUS HOMES FOR THE VULNERABLE RETROFITTING EXISTING HOMES IN THE MEKONG DELTA FOR FLOOD RESILIENCE AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION MEKONG DELTA RICE FARMERS IN THE DRY SEASON TYPICAL MEKONG DELTA HOUSING ALONG A FLOODED RICE FIELD FLOATING RICE FIELD IN FLOOD SEASON CONTEXT APPROACH SITE SELECTION AN GIANG PROVINCE FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION AREA, AN GIANG, consists of floating rice 10°23’22.0”N 104°50’20.2”E fields that are home to many farmers and diverse ecologies. This site provides the location for the conservation of a traditional agricultural practice, the cultivation of floating rice. ExistingTRƯỚC Raised KHI SỬA Home CHỮA - MÙA- Dry KHÔ SeasonTRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮATRƯỚC - MÙA KHI KHÔ SỬA CHỮAExisting - MÙA LŨ RaisedTRƯỚC KHI Home SỬA CHỮA - -Flood MÙA LŨ SeasonSAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI KHÔSỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - DRY RETROFITSEASON - FLOOD SEASONBEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - DRY SEASON HOUSE - FLOOD SEASONAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON DIAGRAM OF A TYPICAL RAISED HOME IN DRY AND FLOOD CONDITIONS FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION AREA SITE ABOUT THE HOMEOWNERS: Three generations of Nao’s family live in their raised home located beside LONG AN SITE their rice field. Their current livelihood LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE stems from growing floating rice and LOCATION: TAN HUNG DISTRICT, rotating with cassava in the dry season. LONG AN PROVINCE RETROFITTING WITH LOCAL CARPENTERS Flood depth of the site can be measured AN GIANG SITE by the height of the rice stalks due to LOCAL CARPENTERS ARE TAUGHT how to implement amphibious retrofits themselves using locally familiar carpentry FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION their unique adaptive ability to lengthen TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA KHI - MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙA LŨ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮARetrofitted - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬAHome CHỮA - MÙA Dry KHÔ SeasonSAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU KHI- MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙARetrofitted LŨ SAU KHI HomeSỬA CHỮA - - FloodMÙA LŨ Season skills and construction techniques. The training program developed by our team will provide local communities with a LOCATION: VINH PHUOCBEFORE COMMUNE, RETROFIT - DRY TRI SEASON TON DISTRICT,BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - DRYRETROFIT SEASON - FLOOD SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASONAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS AMPHIBIOUSHOUSE - DRY HOUSE SEASON - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON as flood waters rise. Nao’s younger stronger knowledge base and allow them to diversify their skillsets. It can be extended throughout the Mekong Delta, MEKONG DELTA AN GIANG PROVINCE. brother and neighbour, Nguyen Van DIAGRAM OF A RETROFITTED AMPHIBIOUS HOME IN DRY AND FLOOD CONDITIONS supporting a community-based bottom-up approach to flood risk reduction and climate change adaptation. Lac, was also selected to have his home retrofitted. HOMEOWNER NGUYEN VAN NAO AND HIS FLOATING RICE FIELD LONG AN PROVINCE LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE, LONG AN, covers five thousand hectares of 10°42’18.3”N 105°43’53.0”E land and consists of three zones: a core zone, an economic forest zone and a biodiversity zone. The reserve is home to diverse flora and fauna that are still being discovered today. But due to increasing agricultural activities around the wetland, many endemic species are HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - VIETNAMbecoming PARTNERSHIP extinct over time. VILLAGE IN LONG AN PROVINCE WITH TYPICAL MEKONG DELTA HOUSING TYPOLOGIES LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE SITE HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - VIETNAM PARTNERSHIP REAR ELEVATION OF NGUYEN VAN NAO’S REAR ELEVATION OF NGUYEN VAN NAO’S MONITORING EQUIPMENT ATTACHED TO NANG’S HOUSE ABOUT THE HOMEOWNERS: Dang Van Nang constructed his house HOME IN DRY CONDITIONS HOME IN FLOOD CONDITIONS PHYSICAL MONITORING EQUIPMENT has been installed to collect wind data and track the movement of the houses during in 2009 with materials donated by his the flood season. This will be used to make adjustments or improvements to our amphibious designs before scaling up. COMMUNITY RESILIENCE DISPLACEMENT uncle who also lives in the same village. DỰ ÁN NHÀHỢP NỔI TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM AMPHIBIOUSVÀ CANADA A CANADASince HOUSING construction, - VIETNAM his home PARTNERSHIP has been In order to preserve residents’ connection to their Amphibious retrofits are an alternative to HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - subjectedVIETNAM to PARTNERSHIPflooding at least twice. land and livelihoods, a passive climate change government plans to relocate vulnerable DỰ ÁN NHÀ NỔINang’s sister-in-law, NguyenAMPHIBIOUS Thi Dung HOUSING adaptation and flood mitigation technique can populations away from the flooding that may THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATIONwas also selected to have her home be implemented, allowing the land in the Delta endanger them but provides their livelihoods. retrofitted by the team. to benefit from the seasonal flooding. Low- By allowing households to remain safely in THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATION cost amphibious retrofits to existing houses place during flood events, amphibious retrofits ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA can provide a solution to these vulnerable act to enhance resilience, reduce flood-related DỰDỰ ÁN ÁN NHÀ NHÀHOMEOWNER NỔI NỔIDANG VAN NANGAMPHIBIOUS INDICATINGAMPHIBIOUS HIGH HOUSING HOUSING populations, allowing residents to remain on expenses, and provide greater opportunity for ĐỒNGFLOOD LEVELS BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA MEKONG DELTA HOMES ALONG A RIVER their farmland during flood events with little or no households to pursue their daily economic THÍCHTHÍCH ỨNG ỨNG VỚI LŨVỚI Ở LŨ VÙNG Ở VÙNG FOR FORFLOOD FLOOD ADAPTATION ADAPTATION danger to their families or damage to their homes activities without social and physical disruption. and belongings. Amphibious construction works ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM in synchrony with a floodprone region’s natural ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA Vietnam’s Mekong Delta is home to 17 million people (22% of the national population), most of whom are cycles of flooding, rather than attempting to KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER agricultural and aquacultural farmers. The Delta is comprised largely of wetlands, which contribute 52% of control them. the national rice production and 60% of the national fisheries and aquaculture production. Food produced If amphibious housing takes hold, new RETROFITTING PROCESS: RETROFITTING PROCESS: in this region is also exported to other areas of Southeast Asia. entrepreneurial opportunites will become NGUYEN VAN NAO’S HOUSE, DANG VAN NANG’S HOUSE, ADAPTING TO FLOODS available for those trained in amphibious AN GIANG PROVINCE LONG AN PROVINCE Amphibious retrofits offer resilience to flood- construction techniques. Currently, the limiting Traditionally, houses in the region are raised above ground to mitigate property damage during flood prone communities, primarily by reducing the factor for expanding this project is the number 1. Vertical guidance posts (VGPs) installed with poured-concrete 1. Site preparation and replacement of existing wood columns for events. However, as the area anticipates increasingly severe floods, the current level of static elevation of destabilization that flooding causes. At the of instructors qualified to teach these concepts foundations. consistent stone post grid. these houses may no longer be adequate to protect residents and their property. Rebuilding or repairing household level, floods can disrupt livelihoods, and skills. The Buoyant Foundation Project is 2. Masonry centering devices constructed at column bases to 2. ConnectingTRƯỚC KHI beams SỬA CHỮA attached - MÙA to KHÔ underside of floor framing.TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON homes after a flood event is costly and can require a lengthy period of time. During these repairs, residents trigger displacement and trauma, and cause the only research group in the world dedicated ensure precise resettlement in original position. 3. Installation of new joists to carry uplift from buoyancy barrels. BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON are often displaced from their homes, increasing their economic burden and vulnerability. financial stress that lower-income families to developing amphibious retrofit technology 3. Connecting beams attached to underside of floor framing. 4. Vertical guidance posts (VGPs) installed withTRƯỚC poured-concrete KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA KHI- MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA - KHI MÙA SỬA LŨ CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI SỬAKHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI LŨSỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ cannot afford. These shocks may also have for the world’s most vulnerable populations; 4. Installation of new joists to carry uplift from buoyancy jugs. foundations.XÃ VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNHBEFORE RETROFITANBEFORE -GIANG DRY RETROFIT SEASON - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - FLOOD RETROFIT SEASONVINH - FLOOD SEASON PHUOC AMPHIBIOUSCOMMUNE, HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - DRY SEASON HOUSE AN - DRY SEASON GIANGAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE PROVINCEAMPHIBIOUS - FLOOD SEASON HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON cascading impacts: as households
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