AMPHIBIOUS HOMES FOR THE VULNERABLE RETROFITTING EXISTING HOMES IN THE FOR FLOOD RESILIENCE AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION

MEKONG DELTA RICE FARMERS IN THE DRY SEASON TYPICAL MEKONG DELTA HOUSING ALONG A FLOODED RICE FIELD FLOATING RICE FIELD IN FLOOD SEASON CONTEXT APPROACH SITE SELECTION

AN GIANG PROVINCE FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION AREA, AN GIANG, consists of floating rice 10°23’22.0”N 104°50’20.2”E fields that are home to many farmers and diverse ecologies. This site provides the location for the conservation of a traditional agricultural practice, the cultivation of floating rice.

ExistingTRƯỚC Raised KHI SỬA Home CHỮA - MÙA- Dry KHÔ SeasonTRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮATRƯỚC - MÙA KHI KHÔ SỬA CHỮAExisting - MÙA LŨ RaisedTRƯỚC KHI Home SỬA CHỮA - -Flood MÙA LŨ SeasonSAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI KHÔSỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - DRY RETROFITSEASON - FLOOD SEASONBEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - DRY SEASON HOUSE - FLOOD SEASONAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON DIAGRAM OF A TYPICAL RAISED HOME IN DRY AND FLOOD CONDITIONS FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION AREA SITE ABOUT THE HOMEOWNERS: Three generations of Nao’s family live in their raised home located beside LONG AN SITE their rice field. Their current livelihood LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE stems from growing floating rice and LOCATION: TAN HUNG DISTRICT, rotating with cassava in the dry season. LONG AN PROVINCE RETROFITTING WITH LOCAL CARPENTERS Flood depth of the site can be measured AN GIANG SITE by the height of the rice stalks due to LOCAL CARPENTERS ARE TAUGHT how to implement amphibious retrofits themselves using locally familiar carpentry FLOATING RICE CONSERVATION their unique adaptive ability to lengthen TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA KHI - MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙA LŨ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮARetrofitted - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬAHome CHỮA - MÙA Dry KHÔ SeasonSAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU KHI- MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙARetrofitted LŨ SAU KHI HomeSỬA CHỮA - - FloodMÙA LŨ Season skills and construction techniques. The training program developed by our team will provide local communities with a LOCATION: VINH PHUOCBEFORE , RETROFIT - DRY TRI SEASON TON DISTRICT,BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - DRYRETROFIT SEASON - FLOOD SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASONAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS AMPHIBIOUSHOUSE - DRY HOUSE SEASON - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON as flood waters rise. Nao’s younger stronger knowledge base and allow them to diversify their skillsets. It can be extended throughout the Mekong Delta, MEKONG DELTA . brother and neighbour, Nguyen Van DIAGRAM OF A RETROFITTED AMPHIBIOUS HOME IN DRY AND FLOOD CONDITIONS supporting a community-based bottom-up approach to flood risk reduction and climate change adaptation. Lac, was also selected to have his home retrofitted. HOMEOWNER NGUYEN VAN NAO AND HIS FLOATING RICE FIELD LONG AN PROVINCE LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE, LONG AN, covers five thousand hectares of 10°42’18.3”N 105°43’53.0”E land and consists of three zones: a core zone, an economic forest zone and a biodiversity zone. The reserve is home to diverse flora and fauna that are still being discovered today. But due to increasing agricultural activities around the wetland, many endemic species are HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - VIETNAMbecoming PARTNERSHIP extinct over time. VILLAGE IN LONG AN PROVINCE WITH TYPICAL MEKONG DELTA HOUSING TYPOLOGIES LANG SEN WETLAND RESERVE SITE HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - PARTNERSHIP REAR ELEVATION OF NGUYEN VAN NAO’S REAR ELEVATION OF NGUYEN VAN NAO’S MONITORING EQUIPMENT ATTACHED TO NANG’S HOUSE ABOUT THE HOMEOWNERS: Dang Van Nang constructed his house HOME IN DRY CONDITIONS HOME IN FLOOD CONDITIONS PHYSICAL MONITORING EQUIPMENT has been installed to collect wind data and track the movement of the houses during in 2009 with materials donated by his the flood season. This will be used to make adjustments or improvements to our amphibious designs before scaling up. COMMUNITY RESILIENCE DISPLACEMENT uncle who also lives in the same village. DỰ ÁN NHÀHỢP NỔI TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM AMPHIBIOUSVÀ CANADA A CANADASince HOUSING construction, - VIETNAM his home PARTNERSHIP has been In order to preserve residents’ connection to their Amphibious retrofits are an alternative to HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - subjectedVIETNAM to PARTNERSHIP flooding at least twice. land and livelihoods, a passive climate change government plans to relocate vulnerable DỰ ÁN NHÀ NỔINang’s sister-in-law, NguyenAMPHIBIOUS Thi Dung HOUSING adaptation and flood mitigation technique can populations away from the flooding that may THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATIONwas also selected to have her home be implemented, allowing the land in the Delta endanger them but provides their livelihoods. retrofitted by the team. to benefit from the seasonal flooding. Low- By allowing households to remain safely in THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATION cost amphibious retrofits to existing houses place during flood events, amphibious retrofits ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA can provide a solution to these vulnerable act to enhance resilience, reduce flood-related DỰDỰ ÁN ÁN NHÀ NHÀHOMEOWNER NỔI NỔIDANG VAN NANGAMPHIBIOUS INDICATINGAMPHIBIOUS HIGH HOUSING HOUSING populations, allowing residents to remain on expenses, and provide greater opportunity for ĐỒNGFLOOD LEVELS BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA MEKONG DELTA HOMES ALONG A RIVER their farmland during flood events with little or no households to pursue their daily economic THÍCHTHÍCH ỨNG ỨNG VỚI LŨVỚI Ở LŨ VÙNG Ở VÙNG FOR FORFLOOD FLOOD ADAPTATION ADAPTATION danger to their families or damage to their homes activities without social and physical disruption. and belongings. Amphibious construction works ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA THE MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM in synchrony with a floodprone region’s natural ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG IN THE MEKONG DELTA Vietnam’s Mekong Delta is home to 17 million people (22% of the national population), most of whom are cycles of flooding, rather than attempting to KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER agricultural and aquacultural farmers. The Delta is comprised largely of wetlands, which contribute 52% of control them. the national rice production and 60% of the national fisheries and aquaculture production. Food produced If amphibious housing takes hold, new RETROFITTING PROCESS: RETROFITTING PROCESS: in this region is also exported to other areas of Asia. entrepreneurial opportunites will become NGUYEN VAN NAO’S HOUSE, DANG VAN NANG’S HOUSE, ADAPTING TO FLOODS available for those trained in amphibious AN GIANG PROVINCE LONG AN PROVINCE Amphibious retrofits offer resilience to flood- construction techniques. Currently, the limiting Traditionally, houses in the region are raised above ground to mitigate property damage during flood prone communities, primarily by reducing the factor for expanding this project is the number 1. Vertical guidance posts (VGPs) installed with poured-concrete 1. Site preparation and replacement of existing wood columns for events. However, as the area anticipates increasingly severe floods, the current level of static elevation of destabilization that flooding causes. At the of instructors qualified to teach these concepts foundations. consistent stone post grid. these houses may no longer be adequate to protect residents and their property. Rebuilding or repairing household level, floods can disrupt livelihoods, and skills. The Buoyant Foundation Project is 2. Masonry centering devices constructed at column bases to 2. ConnectingTRƯỚC KHI beams SỬA CHỮA attached - MÙA to KHÔ underside of floor framing.TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON homes after a flood event is costly and can require a lengthy period of time. During these repairs, residents trigger displacement and trauma, and cause the only research group in the world dedicated ensure precise resettlement in original position. 3. Installation of new joists to carry uplift from buoyancy barrels. BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON

are often displaced from their homes, increasing their economic burden and vulnerability. financial stress that lower-income families to developing amphibious retrofit technology 3. Connecting beams attached to underside of floor framing. 4. Vertical guidance posts (VGPs) installed withTRƯỚC poured-concrete KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA KHI- MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA - KHI MÙA SỬA LŨ CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI SỬAKHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI LŨSỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ cannot afford. These shocks may also have for the world’s most vulnerable populations; 4. Installation of new joists to carry uplift from buoyancy jugs. foundations.XÃ VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNHBEFORE RETROFITANBEFORE -GIANG DRY RETROFIT SEASON - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - FLOOD RETROFIT SEASONVINH - FLOOD SEASON PHUOC AMPHIBIOUSCOMMUNE, HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - DRY SEASON HOUSE AN - DRY SEASON GIANGAMPHIBIOUS HOUSE PROVINCEAMPHIBIOUS - FLOOD SEASON HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON cascading impacts: as households incur we aim to expand our scope by teaching local 5. Buoyancy jugs tied in bundles and attached to new joists 5. Buoyancy barrels tied up beneath new joists. XÃ VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNH AN GIANG VINH PHUOC COMMUNE, AN GIANG PROVINCE additional expenses trying to compensate for populations how to implement this technology that carry uplift forces. Skirt boards protect jugs from force of 6. Completion of VGP box sleeves on connecting beamXÃ ends.VĨNHXÃ PHƯỚC, VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNH ANNON-AMPHIBIATED TỈNH GIANG AN GIANG HOME IN A NEIGHBOURINGVINH PHUOCVINH COMMUNE PHUOC COMMUNE, COMMUNE, AN GIANG AN PROVINCEGIANG PROVINCE flood damages, accumulating debt restricts themselves using affordable, locally available flowing water. 7. Concrete poured into VGP to 20cm above sleeve level to increase their access to healthcare and education, which materials. We will have succeeded in this goal 6. Installation of VGP rope sleeves on connecting beam ends. strength and damp noise. further contributes to increased poverty and when the communities we serve can carry on 7. Concrete poured into VGP to 20cm above sleeve level to 8. Additional bracing installed on foundation posts. inequality. independently without our help. increase strength and damp noise. 9. Wood centering devices installed just below floor framing. VIETNAM INSTITUTE FOR URBAN ANDVIETNAM RURAL INSTITUTE PLANNINGVIETNAM FOR URBAN INSTITUTE AND RURAL FOR URBANPLANNING AND RURAL PLANNING VIETNAM INSTITUTE FOR URBAN AND RURAL PLANNING ĐẠI HỌC WATERLOO VIET NAMĐẠI NATIONAL HỌC WATERLOO UNIVERSITYĐẠI HỌC WATERLOO VIET NAM NATIONALVIỆNVIET UNIVERSITY QUY NAM HOẠCH NATIONALĐẠI ĐÔ UNIVERSITYHỌC THỊ-NÔNG WATERLOO THÔNVIỆN QUỐCQUY HOẠCH GIA, ĐÔVIỆN THỊ-NÔNG QUY HOẠCH THÔNVIET ĐÔQUỐC THỊ-NÔNG NAM GIA, NATIONAL THÔNĐẠI QUỐC UNIVERSITYHỌC GIA, CẦN THƠĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ ĐẠI HỌCVIỆN CẦN THƠQUY HOẠCHĐẠI ĐÔ HỌCĐẠI THỊ-NÔNG HỌCAN GIANGAN GIANG THÔN QUỐCĐẠI HỌC GIA, AN GIANG ĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ ĐẠI HỌC AN GIANG (VNUHCM) HO CHI MINH CITY (VNUHCM)HO CHI MINH CITY (VNUHCM) BỘ XÂY DỰNG, VIỆTBỘ NAM XÂYHO DỰNG, CHI MINHVIỆT NAM CITY (VNUHCM) BỘ XÂY DỰNG, VIỆT NAM CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITYCẦN THƠ(CTU) UNIVERSITYCẦN (CTU) THƠ UNIVERSITY (CTU)ANBỘ GIANG XÂYAN GIANG DỰNG,UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY VIỆT NAM (AGU)AN (AGU) GIANG UNIVERSITY (AGU) CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITY (CTU) AN GIANG UNIVERSITY (AGU) 8th ICBR Lisbon I Nov 2018 Building 4Humanity Category 1: DESIGN COMPETITION Best Resilient Building Project Team Project Coordinator(s): Elizabeth English AMPHIBIOUS HOMES FOR THE VULNERABLE Team Members: Pham Duy Tien, Nguyen Van Truoc, Teresa Tran, Thanh Tran. RETROFITTING EXISTING HOMES IN THE MEKONG DELTA FOR FLOOD RESILIENCE AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION Year of conclusion: 2018 Location: Mekong Delta, Vietnam TEAM CODE: B4H-DC1158

MASTER CARPENTER NGUYEN VAN TRUOC EXPLAINS FUNCTION OF CONNECTING BEAM AERIAL VIEW OF NGUYEN VAN NAO’S HOUSE FLOATING ON THE FLOOD PROJECT TEAM, CARPENTERS AND CLIENTS PROCESS IMPLEMENTATION OUTREACH

EXPLODED ASSEMBLY OF COMPONENTS Master carpenter Nguyen Van Truoc and trainee carpenters discussing fabrication details for Existing the box sleeves that will connect 1 house Lac’s house to the vertical guidance posts. Connecting beams 2 cross underneath house 3 7

Rope sleeve loops Original house With amphibious retrofit Original house With amphibious retrofit 3 around guidance post Team members and guests on New joists to carry Nao’s front porch during the 4 uplift flood. Even with twelve people Recycled jugs for on the front porch, the house 5 buoyancy remained stable and level with Skirt boards to 4 5 6 little movement in response to all 6 protect jugs from the human activity. force of flowing water Vertical guidance 7 posts to limit lateral motion Centering devices for 8 exact repositioning on Professor Nguyen Duy Can of Can ground 8 Tho University (right) interviews homeowner Nguyen Van Nao (left) to assess client satisfaction with the performance of the retrofitted house.

AN GIANG PROVINCE NGUYEN VAN NAO’S HOUSE Amphibiated house floating on floodwater NGUYEN VAN LAC’S HOUSE Amphibiated house floating on floodwater LONG AN PROVINCE DANG VAN NANG’S HOUSE NGUYEN THI DUNG’S HOUSEHỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - VIETNAM PARTNERSHIP HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADA A CANADA - VIETNAM PARTNERSHIP Existing house 1 Luu Thi Tang of Vietnam National University (right) interviews Le Connecting beam Thi Dao (left), village resident and crosses underneath aunt of homeowners Nang and 2 4 7 DỰ ÁN NHÀHỢP NỔI TÁC GIỮA VIỆTDung. NAM AMPHIBIOUSVÀ CANADA A CANADA HOUSING - VIETNAM PARTNERSHIP house HỢP TÁC GIỮA VIỆT NAM VÀ CANADADỰ ÁN NHÀA CANADA NỔI - VIETNAM PARTNERSHIPAMPHIBIOUS HOUSING End centering device THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATION 3 for exact lateral THÍCH ỨNG VỚI LŨ Ở VÙNG FOR FLOOD ADAPTATION repositioning ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬUDỰ ÁNLONG NHÀ NỔIIN THEAMPHIBIOUS MEKONG DELTA HOUSING Wood box sleeve DỰ ÁN NHÀĐỒNG NỔI BẰNGAMPHIBIOUS SÔNG CỬU LONG HOUSINGIN THE MEKONG DELTA with rope cushioning Original house With amphibious retrofit Original house With amphibious retrofit Pham Duy Tien of An Giang 4 surrounds guidance THÍCHTHÍCH ỨNG ỨNG VỚI LŨVỚIUniversity Ở LŨ (right)VÙNG Ở in conversation VÙNG FOR FORFLOOD FLOOD ADAPTATION ADAPTATION post 5 6 with trainee carpenters from Long New joists to carry ĐỒNGĐỒNG BẰNG BẰNG SÔNG SÔNGAn Province.CỬU CỬU LONG LONG IN THEIN MEKONGTHE MEKONG DELTA DELTA 5 uplift Recycled barrels for 6 buoyancy Vertical guidance 7 posts to limit horizontal motion Side centering device 8 The entire community comes out for exact longitudinal 8 to help lift Dung’s house to test repositioning TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASONthe centering devices. AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFIT - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - DRY SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON

TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA KHI- MÙA SỬA KHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ TRƯỚC KHI SỬATRƯỚC CHỮA - KHI MÙA SỬA LŨ CHỮA - MÙA LŨ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI SỬAKHÔ CHỮA - MÙA KHÔ SAU KHI SỬA CHỮASAU - MÙA KHI LŨSỬA CHỮA - MÙA LŨ BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - DRY RETROFIT SEASON - DRY SEASON BEFORE RETROFITBEFORE - FLOOD RETROFIT SEASON - FLOOD SEASON AMPHIBIOUS HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - DRY SEASON HOUSE - DRY SEASONAMPHIBIOUS HOUSEAMPHIBIOUS - FLOOD SEASON HOUSE - FLOOD SEASON XÃ VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNH AN GIANG XÃ VĨNHVINH PHƯỚC, PHUOC TỈNH COMMUNE, AN GIANG AN GIANG PROVINCEVINH PHUOC COMMUNE, AN GIANG PROVINCE XÃ VĨNHXÃ PHƯỚC, VĨNH PHƯỚC, TỈNH AN TỈNH GIANG AN GIANG VINH PHUOCVINH PHUOC COMMUNE, COMMUNE, AN GIANG AN PROVINCEGIANG PROVINCE

Amphibiated house floating on floodwater Amphibiated house floating on floodwater

VIETNAM INSTITUTE FOR URBAN ANDVIETNAM RURAL INSTITUTE PLANNINGVIETNAM FOR URBAN INSTITUTE AND RURAL FOR URBANPLANNING AND RURAL PLANNING VIETNAM INSTITUTE FOR URBAN AND RURAL PLANNING ĐẠI HỌC WATERLOO VIET NAMĐẠI NATIONAL HỌC WATERLOO UNIVERSITYĐẠI HỌC WATERLOO VIET NAM NATIONALVIỆNVIET UNIVERSITY QUY NAM HOẠCH NATIONALĐẠI ĐÔ UNIVERSITYHỌC THỊ-NÔNG WATERLOO THÔNVIỆN QUỐCQUY HOẠCH GIA, ĐÔVIỆN THỊ-NÔNG QUY HOẠCH THÔNVIET ĐÔQUỐC THỊ-NÔNG NAM GIA, NATIONAL THÔNĐẠI QUỐC UNIVERSITYHỌC GIA, CẦN THƠĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ ĐẠI HỌCVIỆN CẦN THƠQUY HOẠCHĐẠI ĐÔ HỌCĐẠI THỊ-NÔNG HỌCAN GIANGAN GIANG THÔN QUỐCĐẠI HỌC GIA, AN GIANG ĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ ĐẠI HỌC AN GIANG HO CHI MINH CITY (VNUHCM) HO CHI MINH CITY (VNUHCM)HO CHI MINH CITY (VNUHCM) BỘ XÂY DỰNG, VIỆTBỘ NAM XÂYHO DỰNG, CHI MINHVIỆT NAM CITY (VNUHCM) BỘ XÂY DỰNG, VIỆT NAM CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITYCẦN THƠ(CTU) UNIVERSITYCẦN (CTU) THƠ UNIVERSITY (CTU)ANBỘ GIANG XÂYAN GIANG DỰNG,UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY VIỆT NAM (AGU)AN (AGU) GIANG UNIVERSITY (AGU) CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITY (CTU) AN GIANG UNIVERSITY (AGU)