426 S. Mr. J. Bot. 1997,63(6) 426-435
A revised list of seaweeds from Inhaca Island, Mozambique
A.T. Critchley', M.E. Aken" S. Bandeira' and M. Kalk 3 *Department of Botany, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag Wits 2050 Republic of South Africa
1 Department of Botany, University of Natal, P.O. Box 375, Pletermaritzburg 3200. Present address: AMCOAL, Environmental Services, P.8ag X9, Leraatsfontein 2University Eduardo MondJane, Department of Biology, Private Bag 375, Maputo, Mozambique 30epartment of Zoology, University of the W itwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, P.O. Wits 2050 Republic of South Africa (deceased)
Received 25 April 1997; revised 23 September 1997
An updated compilation of marine algae for Inhaca Island, Mozambique is provided. The list comprises 205 species and infraspecific taxa (64 Chlorophyta, 23 Phaeophyta and 118 Rhodophyta). Nineteen of the seaweeds (9% of all records) have recently been placed into synonymy. The most common orders are Cladophorales (including
Siphonocladales), Caulerpales, Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales. A R+c/p ratio of7.91 ind icates strongly the presence of a tropical seaweed flora.
Keywords: Inhaca Island, Mozambique, sub-tropical seaweed flo ra , Indian Ocean, southern Africa.
"To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Introduction where the shallower waters of Maputo Bay can be warmed con The benthic intertidal seaweed flora of the east coast of southern siderably by insolation and reach temperatures in the upper 20's Africa is documented and summarized in a number of publica (Isaac 1937; Macnae & Kalk 1958, 1962; Kalk 1995 ). The island tions (see Seagrief 1980, for Maputaland; Bolton & Stegenga is also influenced, to some degree, by an erratic counter-current 1987, for Transkei; Seagrief 1988, for the Eastern Cape; Bolton which may flow northward above the continental shelf (inside & Stegenga 1990, for Cape Agulhas; Bolton el al. 1991, for the Mozambique Current), bringing cooler waters to the east False Bay; Jackelman el al. 1991, for Cape Hangklip and Farrell coast of Inhaca in winter. These phenomena result in marked el al. 1993 1994 for KwaZulu-Natal). In contrast, there is rela temperature differences between the east and west coasts of the tively little information available from the marine sublittoral island. Similarly, differences in salinity exist between the eastern & zone of South Africa (but see Anderson Stegenga 1989). How shores of the island (c.3 5.54%) and Maputo Bay shores, which ever, Inhaca Island, Mozambique has attracted considerable receive freshwater influences (c.30- 33.9%; Macnae & Kalk attention from marine biologists. Isaac (1956) first investigated 1962). the marine algal flora of the island to obtain data relating to the The tidal range of extreme spring tides at I nhaca is 3.7 m, with distribution of seaweeds in the then Union of South Africa. Sub an average of 3.3 m (Macnae & Kalk 1962), which compares sequent accounts of components of the marine flora appeared in Post (1957), Chamberlain (1958), Isaac (1958 1959) and Isaac with a maximum of less than 2.0 m for neighbouring South and Chamberlain (1958). Pocock (1958) published the first Africa (Bauer 1933). Tides are semi-diurnal, with two high and checklist for the island. Additions to the list have been made by two low tides per day. Spring low tides occur between 09h30- subsequent authors and particularly those associated with the 13hOO (being more pronounced between 12hOO-I3hOO) and International Indian Ocean Expedition of 1962 (viz. P. Silva 22hOO-01 hOO, thus low water of spring tides (L WST) occurs dur 1959; Taylor 1967; Saenger t971, 1973; Wollaston 1984 and ing the heat of the day (mean annual air temperature range is Lambert el al. 1987). A biogeographic analysis of the island's 18.7-26.9'C; Macnae & Kalk 1958, 1962; Kalk 1995). The coin seaweed flora was produced by Critchley el at. (1994). This cidence of low spring tides with the hottest part of the day is a present report represents the, as yet unpublished, species Jist used factor that severely limits algal distribution above the mean tide in that analysis). Separate lists of cyanobacteria in nine families level of the shore (Kalk 1954; Isaac 1958). Dense seaweed vege containing 26 genera have been prepared for the island (Silva tation occurs on rocky shores only, such as those on the 1991 a,b,c; Silva & Cuamba 1991). Further details on the general north-eastern end of the island. The wide belts of algae present ecology of the island and adjacent Mozambique mainland can be are made more visible by the gently sloping shores and the large found in Isaac (1957), Kalk (1959), Day (1974), Stephenson and ti dal range, exposing extensive tracts of beach at low water. Stephenson (1972) and Kalk (1995). Some of the island's sandy shores also provide varied substrata Inhaca Island forms part of a natural barrier between Maputo for colonization by sand-adapted algae (e.g. Calilerpa spp. and and the Indian Ocean, on the east of Maputo Bay, at 26°00'S lati tude and 32°55'E longitude. The island falls under the influence Udolea spp.; Isaac 1958). Isaac (1956) reported that there were of the southerly-flowing tropical Mozambique Current (Macnae reasons to believe there is more luxuriant growth of marine algae & Kalk 1958; Macnae 1962, 1995), which runs along the conti during the summer months but this statement remains nental shelf approximately eight kilometres off the eastern shore. uncorroborated. The Mozambique Current has a core temperature of 2 5°C and its This paper presents a revised list of marine algae for Inhaca waters circulate in a mini-gyre towards Maputo Bay (De Freitas Island, Mozambique. A number of these algae are of potential 1984). economic value and warrant further study as a source of colloid, Surface seawater temperatures on the east coast of Inhaca secondary products (biologically active compounds) or food Island are usually about 24.5°C in contrast to the west coast (Aingworth 1996; Vlachos el al. 1996; Gillespie el al 1997). S. Afr. J. Bot. 1997.63((,) 427
Materials and Methods mini-gyres of the Mozambique Current and by warming of shal· Specim ens of Inhaca Island seaweeds wefe either exam in ed from low waters in Maputo Bay on the west coast of the island 4% fonnalin-lixl!d mati!rial or herbarium voucht!rs which are depos (Macnae & Kalk 1962). iled in The Alhany Museum (GRA), Grahamstowl1, South Africa It is important to note that the absence of crustose coralline (M .A. Pllf.:OCK collection): The Moss Herbarium (J). University of algae (Rhodophyceae) from this li st. is due to lack of collecting thl! Witwut(;rsrand. Johannesburg, South Africa (C.E. Moss, col (Dr Y.M. Chamberlain, pers. COI11I11.). This component of the lected 193X: W.E. Isaac collected 1954/56; R.L. Davidson collected. algal flora of Inhaca Island requires further attention. Likewise, 1955; AC,O Mogg collected 195&-60 and 1979; F.D. Hancock col subtidal collections could be expected to yield a number of new It.:ctcd 1460 and R.N. Pienaar and S. Sym col1ected 1989) and the records (see Anderson & Stegenga 1989). Indeed, additions to Universidaue Eduardo Mond lanc (LMU). Maputo. Mozambique (1. the flora are likely to be most numerous in the Divi sion Rhodo· de KOlling and E.M.C. Groencndijk collected 1984). phyla, thereby increasing the value of the Cheney (1977) noristic Rd~rcnccs for idl.!ntitication include Jaasund (1976). Simons index, and further emphasising the tropical nature of the algal ( 1976) and Sen grief ( 1980. 1988); some species, however. required assemblage. the use of other taxonomic publications: viz. Kylin (1938). Levring (1938). Papenfuss ( 1947). P.Silva (1959). Simons (1966). Lawson Acknowledgements and John (1982). Norris and Aken (1985). Norris (1986. 1987a.b and The authors would like to acknowledge financial assistance from c). Norri s c!1 al (1987) and Chamberlain and Keats (1994) \vere also consulted. Nomenclature. where appropriate, follows Seagrief the Foundati on for Research Development and the University of ( 1984) and dassiticatiotl is taken from Seagrief (1980) nnd Wynne the Witwatersrand research fund. We are appreciative of the can· and Kraft ( 1981). Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes have been structive criticisms of Professors P.c. Silva and M.l Wynne on chcl:ked against Papenfuss et al. (1982), King and Puttock (1989). an earlier draft of this article. R.N. Pienaar and S. Sym are i-Iu isman and Borowitzl\a ( 1990) and P.S i1 va Itt al. (1987. 1996). The thanked for access to collected material. We are most grateful to taxonomy and nomcnd
Inst. Durban 56: 1-31. NORRIS, R.E. 1986. Stuuies (111 ('I"ol/(/Ilia fransciscii (Ccrami act!ae. PARRELL, E., CR ITCHL EY, A.T. & AKE N. M.E. 1993. The intertidal Rhodophyta) from South Africa and C. lVillue sp. Nov. Irom New SCOlwccd fl ora of lsipin go Beach. Natal. South Africa and its phycoge Zealand. Phyc%gia 25: 133- 14:\. ugraphic allinilics. Helgo/ander Meeresuntersuchungen 47: 145-160. NORRI S, R.E. 1987a. Species of AlltillitllllllfOil (R hodophyce:u:. Cera FARRELL. E.G .. CR ITCHLEY. A.T .. AKEN. M.E & PIENAAR. R.N. m iaeeae) occurring on the southeast Afri\:an \:oast (Natal). J f'hyco!. 1994. Tilt! biogeographical atlinities of the seaweed nora of Natal, 23: 18-36. South Africa as typified by lsipin go Beach: a multivariate approach. NORRIS. R.E. I YX7h. P/l'I"odadw (Gdidlilceae. Rhodophyceae) a Bor. mar. 37: 277-2}!5. Yilt International Seaweed Biogeography genus previously unknown III South A/rica. as it occurs in Natal. S Workshop, University of Cape Town, South Atrica. July 1993. Afr. J Bot. 53: 3Y-43. GILLESPIE, R.D .. AINGWORT H. J. & CRITCHLEY, A.T. 1997. The NORRIS. R.E. 1987c. The systematic position of Gt!lul/opsis and ('cm seaweed resources of KwaZulu-Natal, South Atrica: The Cl lITl!nt stale lodic/yon (G igartinales, Rhodophye ~;le). genera new 10 South Africa. o/'our knowll.!dge. In : Current Trends in Marine Botanical Research in S. Afr. J Bot. 53: 239-246. the E,lst African Region, cds. M. Bjork, A.K. Semesi. M. Pedersen NORRIS, R.E. & AKEN. M.E. 1985. Marille benthic algac ncw to Suuth and B. Bergman. pp. 186- 193. SlDA, Sweden. AtTica. S. Afr. 1. Bal. 5 1: 55--65. HUISMAN . .I .M. & BOROWITSKA. M.A. 1990. A revis ionnfthc Ans NORRIS. R. E., HOMMERSAND. M.II. & FREDERICQ, S. 1987. trnlian species of Ga/a:wura (Rhodophyta, Galaxauraceae). with a Gelidillln pteridijo!ium (Rhudophyccae), a lIew species from Natal description of Tricleocarpa gen. nov. Ph.vc%gia 29: 150-172. and the t!ustem Cape. S Aj;' J Bo/. 53: 375-3RO. ISAAC. W.E. 1937. Soulh African coaslal waters in relation 10 ocean PAPENFUSS. G. F. 1947. Ncw Illarillt' alga\! from SOllth A frica: I. L'llir. currents. Gt!ogr. Rev. 27: 65 1--664. Calif Publ. 801.23: 1- 16. ISAAC. W.E. 1938. The geographical distribUlion of seaweed vegeta PAPENFUSS. G.F .. MS HI GEN I. K.E. & CHIANG. V.-M. 1982. Re,i tion in relation 10 temperatu re and otller fa cets. with special reference sian o f the red alg WYNNE. M..f . & G,T. KRAFT. 1981. Classi li calion Summary. In: The African macroalgac. Mlcrobios 88: 115- 123. l3iology of Seaweeds. C.S. Lobban and MJ. WYOJle. BOl, Monogr. WOLLASTON, E.M . 1984. Species of Ceramiaceae (Rhodophyta) 17: 743- 750. Blnckwd l Scientilic Publ ications. recorded from the In lt.: rnalional lndian Ocean Expediti on, 1962. Phyc Vl.ACHOS. V .. CRI TC HLEY . A.T. & VON HOLY. A. 1996. Es tab alogia 23 : 28 1- 299. hshmcnt of Appendix 1 Revised list of seaweeds from Inhaca Island. Mozambique DIVISION CHLOROPHYTA Chlorophyceae Ulvales MOlloslromataceae Monostroma Thurel sp. lJl vaccae Enteromorpha compressa (L.) Nees E. cf. prolifera (O.F.MueJler) J. Agardh £. muscoides (Clemente y Rubio) Cremades (syn.*E. ramu/usa (lE. Smith) Carmichae l in W.Hooker Gayra/ia oxysperma (Kuetzing) Vingradova ex Sc..1.gel el a/. (syn... U/mria o:tysperma (Kuelzing) Gliding) U/va uncinalis (Kuelzing) Montagne (5yn .* u.capensis An:schoug) U. ngida C. Agardh Cladophoraies Anadyomenaceae Anadyomene wrighlii Harvey ex J.Gray Microdiclyon kraussii J.Gray Cladophornceae Chaelomorpha anlennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kuetzing C. crassa (c. Agardh) Kuelzing C. cf.linum (O.F.Mueller) Kuelzing Cladophoraprolijera (Roth) KuelZing Siphonocladaceae Boodlea composita (Harvey) Brand Bood/eopsis pusilla (Collins) W.R.Taylor. Joly & Bcmatowicz Struvea anastomosans (Harvey) Piccone ct Grunow ex Piccone Va/oniopsis pachynema (G. Martens) Boergesen Bryopsidalcs Bryopsidaceae Bryopsis Lamouroux sp. Caulerpaceae Cau/erpa ambigua Okamura C. antoensis Yamada C. cupressoides (Vahl) C. Agardh var. lycopodium (1. Agardh) Weber-van Bosse fo rma amicorum (Harvey) Weber-van Bosse C. elonga ra Weber- van Bosse c.jergusonii G. Murray C.filijormis (Suhr) Hering C. lanuginosa J. Agardh C. /enrillijera 1. Agardh C. mexicana Sander ex Kuelzing 430 s. Afr. 1. Bot. 1997, 63(6) Appendix 1 Continued C pellOIO Lumouroux C. racemosa (Forsska l) J. Agardh var. clal'ifora (Turner) Webt!r-van Bosse var. laellvirens (Montagne) Weber-van Bosse v C'. scalpellIjol"/llIs (R.Brown ex Turner) C. Aganlh var. denticulata (Decaisne) Weber-van Bosse var. inlel'meJia Weber-van Bosse var. scalp(!/liformis Papenfuss & Egerod C'. se/ago (Turner) C. Agardh C serrlliata (I\ II ~skal) J. Agardh (' ,\wtulariodf!S (S. Gmclin) Howe (' urviJIeana Montagne C lVebhiulI(I Montagne var. pickeringii (Harvey & Bai ley) Eubank C. ::eyheri Kuelzing Codiaceae Codium aCUlIIinalUm a.Schmidt C. capilotum P.Siiva C. cicatrix r.silva C duthieae P.Si iva C. luc(/sii SClcbcll subsp. capense P. Silva C. megalophysum P.Silva C. mozembiquense P.S ilva C. platylobium Arcschoug C. pocockiae P.Silva C. prostratum Levring C. sponglOsum Harvey Halimediaceae Halimeda cuneara Hering llseudocodiaceae Pseudocodium de-vries;i Weber-van Bosse Udoteaceae Avrainvillea Decaisne sp. Chlorodesmis hildebrandtii A. Gepp & E. Gepp Rhipidosiphonjavensis Montagne (syn.* Udoteajavensis (Muntagne ) A. G\!PP & E. Gcpp) Udotea orientalis A. Gepp & E. Gepp Dasycladalcs Oa.<;ycladaceae Dascyladus ramosus Y. Chamberlain Neollleris dumetosa Lamouroux N. val1-bossf:!att Howe P~)lyphysaceae Acetabularia calyculus Lamouroux A. major G. Mertens (syn.* A.moebii Sohns-Laubach) S. Mr. J. Bot. 1997. 63(6) 431 Appendix 1 Continued DIV ISION PHAEOPHYTA Ectocarpales Ectocarpaccae Feldmamria irreguJal'is (Kuetzing) G. Hamel Ralfsiaceac Ralfsia expnnsa (J . Agardh) J. Agardh Sphace!arialcs SphaceJariaccae Splmcelal'ia Lyngbyc sp. Dictyulales Dict),Olaccac Die/yopler;s dehcatula Lunouroux D. longifoli(l Papenfuss (unpubl.) D. serra/{/ (Arcschoug) Hoyt Dietyora cervicornis Kuetzing (syn ... D. pardolis Kuetzing) D. dichotom(l (Hudson) Lamouroux I.obophora vOl'iegala (Lamouroux) Womersley ex Oliveira Padina boryal/a Thivy Srypopodium zonate (Lamouroux) Papenfuss Zonaria subarticulato (Lamouroux) Papenfuss Z. /Ournejol'tii (Lamouroux) Montagne SCYlosiphnnal cs Clmoosporaceae Chno()sporn minima (Hering) Papenfuss Scylosiphonaceae Colpomenio sil/llOso (Merten s ex Roth) Derbes & So li ~r Hydroclathrus clathratlls (c. Agardh) Howe f-'ucaJes Cyloseiraceae Cystoseira myrica (S . Gmeli n) C. Agardh C. Irinadis (Forsskal) C. Agar& Hormophysa cunei/armis (lGmelin) P.Silva Sargassaccae SargassulIl crassi/olium.1 . Agardh S. II1clsi/olium (Turner) C. Agardh (syn.·s. hetel'opilyl/uIII (Turnt:r) C. A gardh) S. myriocystllm l Agardh Turbinoria ornato (Turner) C. Agardb DIV ISION RHODOPHYTA CLASS RHODOPHYCEAE SUBCLASS BANGIOPHYC IDAE l3angiales Bangiaceae Bangia Lyngbye sp. Porphyridiales Porphyridiaceae Slyfonema alsidii (Zanard in i) Drew SU[)CLASS FLORlDEOPHYCIDAE Acrnchaetialcs Acrocnaetiaceae Ac:rachaetium Naegel i (syn. *Audouinella Bocy de Saini Vin cent) sp. NC lllaliales Galaxauracene I<>t""" _, 432 S. Afr. l. Bot. 1997, 63(6) Appendix 1 Continued AClillolrichia ji-agifis (Forsskal) Boergesen Galm(lura diesingulI1a Zanardini G. fJ/(/rginata (E ll is & Solander) Lamouroux G obtusata (Ell is & Solander) Lamouroux G. rugosa (Ellis & Solander) Lamouroux Liagoracl!ae Liagora ceralloides Lamouro ux L valida Hmvey (SYll.* Lfragilis Zanardini) GelidiaJes Gdidiuceae Gelidium pusilfum (Sta ckhouse ) Le Jolls G. replans (Suhr) Kyl in Pterocladia cae.\pitosa (Ky lin) R. Norris Gel idie llaceae Gelidiella aceroso (Forss kal) lreldm an & G.Hamd Graci Inriates Graci!a riac ea~ Graci/aria arCllata Zanardini C. canaliculata Sonder (syn .• C. crassa Harvey ex 1. Agardh) G. miliardelii (Montagne) J. Agardh G. protea J. Agardh C. saficornia (c. Agardh ) Dawson Cryptoncmiaics HaiYlllen iaceae Carpopeltis maillardii (Montagne & Millardel) Chiang CraleloupiajiJicina (Lrunouroux) C. Agardh Coral lin all!s Coral Iinaceae Amphiroa beauvoisii Lamouroux A.jragifissima (Linnaeus) Lamormlx A. rigida Lamouroux Arthrocardia COrlnala (Kuetzing) Johansen A.flabelhlla (Kuetzing) Manza CheilospoMiIIl cullratum (Harvey) Areschoug C. sagiltallim (Lamouroux) Areschoug Choreonema Ihuretii (Bomet) Scmnitz Haliplilon cubense (Montagne ex Kuelzing) Garbary & Johansen H. roseulII (Lamarck) Garbary & Johansen (syn.*Corallina cavier; Lamouroux) H. subliialum (E ll is & Solander) Johansen Jania inlermedia (Kuetzing) P.S ilva Leplophyrumjerox (Fostie) Chamberlain & Keats Titanoderma cora/linae (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Woelkerling. C ham b~r1aitl & P.Si lva (S)'I1 . * Dermo talilhon corai/inae (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Foslie in Boergesen) Gigart inales Call iacanthaceae COlenelJa coespilosa (Withering) L. Irvine C. nipae Zanardini C. subumhelJata Tseng S. Afr. J. Bot. 1997.63(6) 433 Appendix 1 Continued Gigartinaceae Gigarfina Stackhouse sp. II) pn t;:'H.:~ac H.l'PfiCO camilla (Ku.:tzing) 1. Agardh H IIIllsciformis (Wu lren) Lamouroux Ii. mdifica 1. Agardll 11. rose(J Papenfus$ H. spid/era (Suhr) Harvey H. temtis KyJin H. virIdis Papenfuss M yci1( ldcaccac Ml'choc/ea J.llooker & Harvey sp. Phact::lucarpaccae Plmcelocarpus cf. camp/anatus Harvey p, Iris/iehus J. Agardh Plocamialcs PIOC3miaccae Plocamium becken SchmilZ ex Simons P. coralforhiza (Turner) Harvey P. glomera/um J. Agardh 1'. ma:tiJlosum (Poirel) Lamouroux P. slIhrii Kuetzing P. te/filiriae (W.Hookcr & Harvey) Harvey ex Kuetzing Rhodymt!nialcs Champi aceac Champia compressa Harvey Ch.l'locladia Greville sp. Rhodymeniaccac Botlyoc/adia madagascariensis G.Feldmann Geliciiopsis ....ar iabilis (J. Agardh) Schmitz (syn. *CeralOdic(wm vlIriabile (Greville ex J. Agardh) R.Norris) Rhodymenia nafalensis Kylin Cerami ales Ccram iaceac Anolrichium secundum (Harvey ex J.Agar&) Funari (syn.*CrijJithsill s(fcuncia J. Agardh) Anfithamnion Iherminieri (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Barnet ex Nasr (syn. *A antilkmum Boergescn) Callirhanmion Lyngbye sp. CenJroceras c/avulatum (c. Agardh) Montagne Ceramium diaphanum (Lightfoot) Roth C. planum Kuetzing ('rouonia aUel/liOla (c. Agardh) 1. Agardh Gordonielfa YOllakllniensis (Yamada & T.Tanaka) Itono (syn.'Spf.'rmothaml1lon yonakuniensis Yamada et Tanaka) Griffithsia conjervoldes Suhr G. secunda 1. Agardh ? Mazoyerella Gordon Mills & Womersley sp. 434 S. Afr. 1. Bot. 1997,63(6) Appendix 1 Continued Pieofluspo/,mm caribaeum (Boergesen) R.Norris (syn. * Mesrl(I/(l/IlIJlOf/ carihbacm Bocrgesc::n) P. '? harveyallum (J . Agardh) De Toni PII/otlUlI1l11ion polysporum Go rd on~Mills & Womc r sll~ ) Spyridia cupressilla Kuetzing S ji/amentosa (Wlilfen) Harvey S. hypnoides ((-3ory tie Saint Vincent) Papenfuss Tiffrmlella cymodoceae (Baergesen) Gordon Dasyaceae Das)'a scoparia Harvey D. hailiuuviana {S.Gmelin} Monlagne Neterosiphonia capensls Falkenberg Delt:ssel'iaccae Acrosorium macu/arum (Sonder ex Kuelzing) Papenfuss Caiog/oss{J leprieurii (Montagne) a .Martens Martensia elegans Hering Platysiphonia delicata (Clemente y Ruhio) Cremndes {syn. * P/a~rslphoflia lIIilliata (C A gartlh) Baergesen) Taenioma nanum (Kuetzing) Papenfuss Rhodomdaceae Acanthophoro splcijera (vahl) Baergesen Amansia rhodantha (Harvey) J. Agardh (syn.* A.g/omcrtl/{/ J. Agartlh) BosJrychia moritziana (Sander ex KuelZing) J. Agardh B. radicans (Montagne) Montagne B. leI/ella (Lamoroux) 1. Agardh Bryocladia densa Saenger Chondria annalO (Kuetzing) Okamura Digenia simple..'( (Wulfen) C. Agardh Digeneopsis subopaca Simons Herposiphonia secunda (C. Agardh) Ambronn H. secunda (c. Agardh) Ambronn r. renelia (c. Agardh) Wynllc Kuetzillgia natalensis J. Agardh Laurencia coilimellaris Boergesen L. camplanalO (Suhr) Kuclling L. flexuosa Kuetzing L. nalOfensis Kylin L. oblllsa (Hudson) Lamauroux L. pumi/a (Grunow) PapenFuss L. tenera Tseng LeveiJleajungermannioides (Martens & G. Hering) Hmwy Murrayelia peric/ados (c. Agardh) Schmitz Neurymeniajraxinifolia (Mertens ex Turner) J. Agardh Ophidocfadus simpliciusculus (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) F;Jlkcnbcrg Osmulldariaflmhriata (Lamouroux) R.Narris (syn. * l'idalia jimbriata (Lamollmux) 1. Agardh) S. Me. 1. Bot. I ~97. 63((,) 435 Appendix 1 Continued P/acophora binderi (1. Agardh) J. Agardh r()~l'siphonia cae:'pifoS(I (Pocock) Holl enberg (syn. * FalkenhergieJ/a caesplfosa Pocock) P.illcompl(l llllrvey P sllbti/lssima Montagne p()~l,=olJi(l e1egalls SlI hr Pferosiplionia stangeri (J . Agardh) Falkenberg Rhodomelopsis ajrican£l Pocock StiCfosipilonia longolellsis (Post) King & Pultock Streblocladia eDlymhi/era (c. Agardh) Kylin