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Enseignement / Apprentissage Du Fle Avec Les Jeux Vidéo

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Enseignement / Apprentissage Du Fle Avec Les Jeux Vidéo UNIVERSITÉ D’ULUDAĞ INSTITUT DES SCIENCES DE L’EDUCATION DÉPARTEMENT DES LANGUES ÉTRANGÈRES ENSEIGNEMENT / APPRENTISSAGE DU FLE AVEC LES JEUX VIDÉO THÈSE DE MAITRISE Présentée Par Sercan ALABAY BURSA Août, 2014 UNIVERSITÉ D’ULUDAĞ INSTITUT DES SCIENCES DE L’EDUCATION DÉPARTEMENT DES LANGUES ÉTRANGERÈS ENSEIGNEMENT / APPRENTISSAGE DU FLE AVEC LES JEUX VIDÉO Présentée Par Sercan ALABAY Thèse présentée à l’Institut des Sciences de l’Education en vue de l’obtention de grade de Maitrise ès Sciences (M.Sc.) en didactique du FLE Sous la direction de Prof. Dr. Şeref KARA BURSA Août, 2014 BİLİMSEL ETİĞE UYGUNLUK Bu çalışmadaki tüm bilgilerin akademik ve etik kurallara uygun bir şekilde elde edildiğini beyan ederim. Sercan ALABAY 22/07/2014 REMERCIEMENTS Je tiens à exprimer ma profonde gratitude à M. Le Professeur Dr. Şeref KARA pour ses constants encouragements, son aide compétente, sa patience et ses conseils éclairés dispensés pendant la direction de cette thèse. Nous remercions les membres du jury pour nous avoir fait l’honneur de juger ce travail et pour l’intérêt qu’ils lui ont porté. J’exprime ma gratitude aux étudiants ayant accepté de répondre à mes questionnaires et pour l’intérêt montré envers mon enquête préliminaire, de même qu’aux personnes qui ont collaboré avec moi pour les contacter. Ces remerciements ne seraient pas complets sans mentionner les amis, les collègues et les anciens professeurs qui m’ont constamment encouragé pendant mes études. J’adresse un souvenir à la mémoire de quelques personnes chères qui m’ont quittées et j’exprime ma gratitude infinie à ceux qui m’ont particulièrement et patiemment soutenu dans la joie et dans le chagrin, très proches dans l’esprit même si physiquement lointains, pendant la durée consacrée à mon travail. Particulièrement il s’agit de mon père, à qui ce travail est dédié. i ÖZET Yazar : Sercan ALABAY Üniversite : Uludağ Üniversitesi Ana Bilim Dalı : Yabancı Diller Bilim Dalı : Fransız Dili Eğitimi Tezin Niteliği : Yüksek Lisans Tezi Sayfa Sayısı : XVI+167 Mezuniyet Tarihi : 22.07.2014 Tez : Video oyunlarıyla Fransızca yabancı dil öğretimi / öğrenimi Danışmanı : Prof. Dr. Şeref KARA VİDEO OYUNLARIYLA FRANSIZCA YABANCI DİL ÖĞRETİMİ / ÖĞRENİMİ Bu tezin amacı video oyunlarının Fransızcanın yabancı dil olarak öğretildiği sınıflara entegrasyonuna ilişkin bir teorik çerçevenin ortaya konmasıdır. Bunun için öncelikle video oyunları ve dil öğretiminin ilişkili olduğunu oyunların karakteristikleri ile Avrupa Ortak Dil Çerçevesi arasında sınıf uygulamaları ile paralellik kararak göstermeye çalıştık. Bu çalışma sadece araştırmacılar tarafından değil yeni sayılabilecek bu uygulamayı denemek isteyen öğretmenler tarafından da kullanılabilir. Tüm yazım okuyucunun bu alana tamamen yabancı olduğu varsayılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma ikincil olarak öğrencileri ve onların oyun algılarını ele alır. Uygulanan anket ve varılan istatistiki sonuçları oyun oynamanın git gide daha yaygın hale gelmesinin yanında video oyunlarının Fransızca yabancı dil öğretim sınıflarında pozitiften de öte kabul gördüğünü ortaya koymuştur. Daha sonrasında öğretmenlerin durumu çeşitli iletişimsel beceriler ve sözlü yazılı üretim analiz ve örneklemleri üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Son olarak bu tezin de ana temasını oluşturan ve gerçek bir araştırma merkezi sunan bir oyun atölyesi konsepti ve fizibilite çalışması yapılmıştır. Bir fizibilite ve maliyet çalışması da yapılmıştır. Tez ii video oyunlarının Fransızca yabancı dil öğretim sınıflarına entegrasyonunda var olan devasa potansiyeli belirterek özellikle yerel bilişim firmaları ortaklığıyla meydana gelebilecek oyun tasarımlarına dikkat çeker. Anahtar Kelimeler: Eylemsel yaklaşım, FLE, öğrenim, öğretim, video oyunları iii RESUMÉ L’auteur : Sercan ALABAY Université : Uludağ Section : FLE Mémoire pour : Le grade de Maitrise ès Science (M.Sc.) obtenir Nombre de page : XVI+167 Date : 22.07.2014 Memoire : Enseignement / Apprentissage Du FLE Avec Les Jeux Vidéo Directeur : Prof. Dr. Şeref KARA ENSEIGNEMENT / APPRENTISSAGE DU FLE AVEC LES JEUX VIDÉO L’objectif de cette thèse est d’essayer de poser un cadre théorique relatif à l’intégration de la pratique du jeu-vidéo en classe de FLE. Nous démontrons dans un premier temps que la pratique du jeu vidéo et ce qui gravite autour de la pratique de ce dernier étaient pertinents. Pour cela nous mettons en parallèle les caractéristiques du jeu- vidéo et les préconisations du CECR concernant les pratiques de classe. Cette recherche est directement utilisable non seulement par les chercheurs mais aussi par les enseignants désireux d’expérimenter ces situations d’enseignements complètement novatrices. Tout au long de la rédaction nous avons considéré que le lecteur était complètement étranger au domaine. Dans un deuxième temps, la recherche se centre davantage du côté de l’apprenant particulièrement sur sa perception et sa pratique du jeu vidéo. Les enquêtes menées auprès des apprenants ont abouti à l’établissement de statistiques révélant non seulement que le volume de la pratique du jeu vidéo était de plus en plus conséquente et que l’accueil du jeu-vidéo en classe de FLE était plus que positif. Ensuite nous abordons iv les situations d’enseignement elles-mêmes en donnant quelques exemples et pistes d’analyses dans les différentes compétences communicatives en réception et production orale et écrite. Nous évoquons enfin les perspectives de recherche et d’expérimentation via la conception et l’étude de faisabilité de la mise en place d’un atelier vidéo-ludique qui constituerait un véritable centre de recherche basé sur le thème de cette thèse. Cette étude comporte une étude de faisabilité, et une étude de coûts. La thèse conclue sur l’énorme potentiel que représente l’intégration du jeu-vidéo en classe de FLE notamment dans la conception des jeux en eux-mêmes qui pourraient être réalisée en partenariat avec des entreprises informatiques locales. Mots –Clés : Apprentissage, approche actionnelle, enseignement, FLE, jeux vidéo v ABSTRACT Author : Sercan ALABAY University : Uludag Field : Foreign Languages Branch :French Teaching Degree Awarded : Md Page Number : XVI+167 Degree Date :22.07.2014 Thesis : Teaching / Learning of FLE with Video Games Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Şeref KARA TEACHING / LEARNING OF FLT WITH VIDEO GAMES The objective of this thesis is to try to establish a theoretical framework for the integration of the practice of video game into FLT classroom. We show firstly that the practice of video games and its integration into FLT were found to be relevant. For this reason, we tried to establish a parallelism between the characteristics of video games and the requirements of the CEF in classroom practices. This research is directly usable not only by researchers but also by teachers wishing to experience these completely innovative teaching methods. Throughout the writing, we considered that the subjects were completely alien to the domain. In the second step, the research focuses more particularly on the side of the learners on their perception and practice of gaming. Surveys conducted on learners led to the compilation of statistics which revealed that the volume of the practice of video games was remarkably high and the FLT video-game class was highly appreciated. Then we approached teaching situations by giving some examples and providing fields of analysis in different productive/receptive oral/written communicative skills. Finally, we discuss the prospects of research and experimentation through design and feasibility study for the establishment of a videogame studio that would be a real research center based on the theme of this thesis. This thesis involves a feasibility and a cost study. The thesis concluded that there is a huge potential which is vi represented by the integration of video games into FLT classes especially with the game concepts and designs which could be realized in collaboration with the local IT institutions. Key words: FLE, learning, tasks based approach, teaching, video games vii TABLE DES MATIERS Page REMERCIEMENTS ....................................................................................................... i ÖZET ............................................................................................................................... ii RESUMÉ ........................................................................................................................ iv ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... vi LISTE DE FIGURES .................................................................................................. viii LISTE DES TABLEAUX ............................................................................................. xii INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 CHAPITRE I L’EVOLUTION DES MÉTHODES .................................................... 3 1.1 La méthodologie traditionnelle. .............................................................................. 3 1.2 La méthode naturelle (Méthode des séries de F. Gouin.) ....................................... 5 1.3 La méthodologie directe .......................................................................................... 7 1.4 La méthodologie active ........................................................................................... 8 1.5 La méthode audio-orale..........................................................................................
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