Fostering Icc in a Group of Pre-Service Teachers
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FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS Fostering ICC in a group of pre-service teachers Jorge David Negrete Berrio Yamil Ricardo Hanna Soto Universidad del Norte II FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS JORGE DAVID NEGRETE BERRIO YAMIL RICARDO HANNA SOTO Trabajo de grado presentado como requisito para optar al título de Maestría en Enseñanza del Ingles Directora NORMA BARLETTA MANJARRÉS Ph.D. in Second Language Acquisition and Teaching UNIVERSIDAD DEL NORTE INSTITUTO DE IDIOMAS MAESTRIA EN ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLES BARRANQUILLA 2017 III FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS AFFIDAVIT We, Yamil Hanna Soto and Jorge Negrete Berrio , hereby declare that this master‟s thesis has not been previously presented as a degree requirement, either in the same style or with variations, in this or any other university. (add digital signature here) YAMIL RICARDO HANNA SOTO JORGE DAVID NEGRETE BERRIO FULL NAME, ALL CAPS IV FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Professor Norma Barletta Manjarrés for her guidance and support. For all the time she spent editing, correcting and for suggesting that we worked on Interculturality. I would also like to thank her for her understanding during the difficult moments my partner and I went through. She truly is an amazing hardworking woman. I would also like to thank Andrew Ugolino for being so helpful. Without his valuable help, some of the aims of this project would have been much harder to achieve. I thank my sixth semester students who volunteered to participate in this study. Your bravery and dedication will always be remembered. Finally, I thank Evolution through the process of natural selection because my inquisitiveness and willingness to tackle different challenges and learn the truth would not exist if I did not have a brain capable of reasoning. I am just a primate trying to understand the world. Yamil Ricardo Hanna Soto This is the moment to show my thankfulness to all those people who supported me through this whole experience. Professor Norma Barletta Manjarrés, thanks a million from the bottom of my heart for your tireless efforts to help us to forge ahead this project. You were an inspiration for both of us. To my mother, siblings and Leivys Castillo for always being a source of support in all the endeavors I undertake. To our wonderful assistant Andrew Ugolino, thanks a lot for showing all this enthusiasm and willingness to take part in this study. You are an awesome human being. Finally, I would like to thank God for being the creator and fosterer of all the existing things in the vast universe, for being the source of all wisdom and for all the blessings and graces He has bestowed upon me. Jorge David Negrete Berrio V FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS Table of Content ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 2 General Objective ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Specific Objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 4 State of the Art ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................................................. 10 Levels of Intercultural Competence .................................................................................................. 10 Level 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 10 Level 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 10 Level 3 ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Level 4 ............................................................................................................................................... 11 Level 5 ............................................................................................................................................... 12 Level 6 ............................................................................................................................................... 12 Level 7 ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Culture: The Modern and Postmodern View ............................................................................................ 13 Intercultural Competence: Byram´s Model ............................................................................................... 14 Intercultural Competence: Mason´s Model .............................................................................................. 16 Bennet´s Stages in Culture Learning ......................................................................................................... 18 Approaches to fostering Intercultural Communicative Competence ........................................................ 20 Borghetti’s model ............................................................................................................................. 20 Kramsch´s Proposal ........................................................................................................................... 22 Liddicoat´s Interactive Process of Intercultural Pedagogy (Noticing, Comparing, Reflecting and Interacting) ............................................................................................................................................. 23 Ethnography ............................................................................................................................................. 24 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................ 27 Research Paradigm: Qualitative ........................................................................................................ 27 Research Design: Case Study ............................................................................................................ 28 Participants and Context ................................................................................................................... 28 VI FOSTERING ICC IN A GROUP OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS Data Collection Techniques and Instruments ................................................................................... 29 Interview ........................................................................................................................................... 29 Observation ...................................................................................................................................... 30 Description of the Activities implemented to promote ICC .............................................................. 32 Results ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Analysis of the Syllabus of North American Culture Course .............................................................. 37 Prior Knowledge Oral Workshop ....................................................................................................... 42 Oral Examination on the Colombian and American Independence. ......................................................... 49 Knowledge ........................................................................................................................................ 50 Basic Level ......................................................................................................................................... 50 Elaboration........................................................................................................................................ 53 Critical Level ...................................................................................................................................... 56 Interpreting and Relating .................................................................................................................. 59 Surface Level ..................................................................................................................................... 59 Elaboration........................................................................................................................................ 61 Critical Level ...................................................................................................................................... 63 Written Assignment .......................................................................................................................... 65 Final Interview .................................................................................................................................