Americanah Und Seine Deutsche Übersetzung

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Americanah Und Seine Deutsche Übersetzung „I only became black when I came to America.“ Chimamanda Ngozi Adichies postkolonialer Roman Americanah und seine deutsche Übersetzung M a s t e r a r b e i t zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Master of Arts (MA) an der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz vorgelegt von Teresa Anna SCHICHO, BA am Institut für Theoretische und Angewandte Translationswissenschaft Begutachterin: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Maga. Drin. Michaela Wolf Graz, Mai 2019 Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung ............................................................................................................................. 8 1. Postkolonialismus ....................................................................................................... 10 1.1. Postkoloniale Literatur .......................................................................................... 11 1.2. Sprachwahl und Schreibstrategien in postkolonialer Literatur ............................. 12 2. Postkoloniale afrikanische Literatur und ihre Entwicklung .................................. 15 2.1. Die mündliche Erzähltradition .............................................................................. 18 2.2. Postkoloniale afrikanische Literatur: Nigeria als Fallbeispiel .............................. 18 2.2.1. Sprachverwendung in postkolonialer nigerianischer Literatur ......................... 20 2.2.2. The New Nigerian Novel des 21. Jahrhunderts ................................................. 23 3. Postkolonialismus und Translation ........................................................................... 25 3.1. Postkolonialismus in der Translationswissenschaft .............................................. 25 3.2. Schwierigkeiten in der Übersetzung postkolonialer Literatur .............................. 27 3.3. Strategien in der Übersetzung postkolonialer Literatur ........................................ 28 3.4. Postkoloniale afrikanische Literatur und Übersetzung ......................................... 31 4. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: Leben und Werk ....................................................... 33 4.1. Biographie ............................................................................................................. 33 4.2. Position als Schriftstellerin und öffentliche Rezeption ......................................... 36 4.3. Wissenschaftliche Rezeption ................................................................................ 40 4.4. Der Roman Americanah (2013) ............................................................................ 41 4.4.1. Inhaltsangabe ..................................................................................................... 43 4.4.2. Verlag in Großbritannien: 4th Estate ................................................................ 45 4.4.3. Verlag in Nigeria: Farafina Books .................................................................... 46 4.4.4. Verlag in den USA: Alfred A. Knopf ............................................................... 47 4.4.5. Rezeption im englischsprachigen Feuilleton .................................................... 48 4.5. Americanah in deutscher Übersetzung (2014) ...................................................... 51 4.5.1. Die Übersetzerin Anette Grube ......................................................................... 51 4.5.2. Verlag im deutschsprachigen Raum: Fischer Taschenbuch .............................. 52 4.5.3. Rezeption im deutschsprachigen Feuilleton ...................................................... 54 4.6. Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................ 54 2 5. Paratextuelle Analyse ................................................................................................. 56 5.1. Paratexte nach Gérard Genette ............................................................................. 56 5.2. Paratextanalyse ..................................................................................................... 58 5.2.1. Der Peritext ....................................................................................................... 59 5.2.1.1. Titel ................................................................................................................ 59 5.2.1.2. Umschlag und Zubehör ................................................................................. 60 5.2.1.3. Titelseite und Zubehör ................................................................................... 67 5.2.1.4. Widmung ....................................................................................................... 69 5.2.2. Der Epitext ........................................................................................................ 70 5.2.2.1. Nigeria ........................................................................................................... 71 5.2.2.2. Großbritannien ............................................................................................... 72 5.2.2.3. USA ............................................................................................................... 72 5.2.2.4. Deutschsprachiger Raum ............................................................................... 73 5.3. Zusammenfassung der Paratextanalyse ................................................................ 76 6. Textuelle Analyse ........................................................................................................ 77 6.1. Analysemethode: Kritische Diskursanalyse ......................................................... 77 6.1.1. Anwendung der Kritischen Diskursanalyse nach Siegfried Jäger .................... 78 6.1.2. Die Struktur des Diskurses ................................................................................ 79 6.1.3. Die Analyseschritte ........................................................................................... 80 6.2. Strukturanalyse ..................................................................................................... 81 6.3. Feinanalyse ........................................................................................................... 82 6.3.1. Die Diskursstränge Rassismus und Migration .................................................. 83 6.3.1.1. Textbeispiele .................................................................................................. 83 6.3.1.2. Zusammenfassung ......................................................................................... 89 6.3.2. Der Diskursstrang Alltag in Nigeria.................................................................. 89 6.3.2.1. Textbeispiele .................................................................................................. 90 6.3.2.2. Zusammenfassung ......................................................................................... 97 6.3.3. Die Diskursstränge Liebe und Beziehungen ..................................................... 97 6.3.3.1. Textbeispiele .................................................................................................. 98 6.3.3.2. Zusammenfassung ....................................................................................... 102 3 6.4. Zusammenfassung der textuellen Analyse ......................................................... 102 Zusammenfassung ........................................................................................................... 104 Bibliographie .................................................................................................................... 108 Abbildungsverzeichnis .................................................................................................... 121 4 E I N D A N K E S C H Ö N meinen großartigen Eltern und Vorbildern: dafür, dass ihr mir euer praktisches und akademisches Interesse an Literatur weitergegeben und diese Ausbildung erst ermöglicht habt. Eure Liebe und Unterstützung werden für mich nie selbstverständlich sein! /// meinem Mann Florian: für deinen Fleiß, den obersteirischen Schmäh in kritischen Momenten und besonders für deinen liebevollen Rückhalt in den letzten beiden so herausfordernden Jahren. Ich liebe dich sehr! P H I L I P P E R 4 : 13 5 F Ü R L I S B E T H, weil du die erste gewesen wärst, die mir von diesem Roman erzählt hätte. /// F Ü R C H A N D I R U, weil du mein Blick auf Afrika gewesen bist. 6 C. N. A D I C H I E I am Nigerian because a white man created Nigeria and gave me that identity. I am black because the white man constructed black to be as different as possible from his white. But I was Igbo before the white man came. Half of A Yellow Sun /// I came from a country where race was not an issue, I did not think of myself as black and I only became black when I came to America. Americanah 7 Einleitung Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie zählt zu den wichtigsten VertreterInnen postkolonialer afrikanischer Literatur des 21. Jahrhunderts sowie den führenden feministischen Intellektuellen der Gegenwart. Ihre Werke, die sich besonders durch die Verwendung postkolonialer Schreibstrategien und Stilmittel auszeichnen, wurden bis heute in 37 Sprachen übersetzt. Obwohl bereits eine Vielzahl an wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten verfasst wurde, die sich mit der Thematik der Sprachverwendung in Adichies Werken beschäftigen, finden sich bislang noch keine translationswissenschaftlichen Analysen derselben. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit, die sich mit Adichies jüngstem und mehrsprachig angelegtem Roman Americanah (Knopf 2013) sowie seiner deutschen Übersetzung (Anette Grube,
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