An Introduction to the Geology and Fossils of Essex
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Wivenhoe Station Is to Hythe Station Colchester
a s T t Wivenhoe Walk from y Li 5 e Road n e Greenstead Greenstead B r o A133Wivenhoe Station to Colchester o Estate k S t re Gr ee y e ns a t t e W Map of walking arouted n R vo o A a d reet Hythe ay A134 Avon W W Hythe Hill (Colchester) Home Wood i m p o l e R R Hythe i v o e a d r R C Colchester Road A133 Colchester o Clingoe Hill ln e O Tendrin d ld a H o d e University of a R a t o e h g R n R r o Essex d u a d a o e t B s Su B lm Wivenhoe rig E n ht s lin H h Park gse a i a v n Ro e e ad n C R C o o a ol d a s NCN51 c t h L e Old Heath st i B1027 n e e r R o A a d b d a b o o R t' d s a Ro te ad s m O l Ab d l E bo oa d t's R H e a t h R o a d Middlewick Wivenhoe Ranges R e e n a c L e t o u s NCN51 r r n y a l e R Ri v e o Sun A e a R v K o e w er d he C h o s T d l hine C F ge R n in e g r o in ad o g ast L d h a o o e R e R u i V o n lle a e e d B A l r B1028 e s f o r d R Cycle route o oad a Rectory R Rowhedge d 1025 Wivenhoe Lane Wivenhoe Weir WivenhoeStation R o m S unshin a e Co n H i l l Fin g ring ter es lc h Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors h o o C Data is available under the Open Database Licence e Ro For terms and conditions please visit www.openstreetmap.org/copyright R a iv d e M r e C r s ol e Page 1 of 2 n a oman R e R i R v o er a d The town of Wivenhoe is located just south of Colchester on the River Colne. -
Ipswich Geological Group
IPSWICH GEOLOGICAL GROUP BULLETIN No. 1 August 1966 Contents Author Title Original Pages H. E. P. Spencer, F.G.S. Geographic and Geological Notes on the 1-3 Ipswich District R. A. D. Markham Coast Erosion 4 S. J. J. MacFarlane The Crag Exposure to the West of the Water 5-6 &7 Tower on Rushmere Heath R. A. D. Markham Marsupites from the Gipping Valley Chalk 6 R. A. D. Markham Note of some Crag fossils in the Museum of the 6 Geology Department of Birmingham University Colin Holcombe Section through junction of Red and Coralline 10-12 Crags, “The Rocks” Ramsholt R. A. D. Markham Note re Hoxne Palaeoliths 14 C. Allen Fossils collected from the London Clay, 1963 19-20 R. A. D. Markham An excavation in the Coralline Crag at 21-23 Tattingstone R. A. D. Markham Waldringfield Crag 24-25 R. A. D. Markham Notes on Weavers Pit, Tuddenham St. Martin 25-27 R. A. D. Markham Acknowledgement and publication details 27 GEOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGICAL NOTES ON THE IPSWICH DISTRICT By H. E. P. Spencer, F.G.S. East Suffolk has beds of sand and clay deposited during the closing chapters of the series of geological epochs. In the region there are probably the greatest number of formations to be found in any such limited area. Basically everything rests on the Cretaceous chalk laid down over 70 million years ago. Locally there are at least 250' missing of the upper chalk which is represented on the Norfolk shore at Trimingham by the Ostrea lunata zone. -
Geology of London, UK
Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association 123 (2012) 22–45 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pgeola Review paper Geology of London, UK a, b,c d e c Katherine R. Royse *, Mike de Freitas , William G. Burgess , John Cosgrove , Richard C. Ghail , f g h i j k Phil Gibbard , Chris King , Ursula Lawrence , Rory N. Mortimore , Hugh Owen , Jackie Skipper a British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK b First Steps Ltd, Unit 17 Hurlingham Studios, London SW6 3PA, UK c Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK d Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK e Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK f Cambridge Quaternary, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EN, UK g 16A Park Road, Bridport, Dorset, UK h Crossrail Ltd. 25 Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London E14 5LQ, UK i University of Brighton & ChalkRock Ltd, 32 Prince Edwards Road, Lewes BN7 1BE, UK j Department of Palaeontology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK k Geotechnical Consulting Group (GCG), 52A Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BE, UK A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: The population of London is around 7 million. The infrastructure to support this makes London one of the Received 25 February 2011 most intensively investigated areas of upper crust. However construction work in London continues to Received in revised form 5 July 2011 reveal the presence of unexpected ground conditions. -
Brightlingsea 62 North Station
First NORTH STATION - BRIGHTLINGSEA 62 via Town Centre, Essex University, Wivenhoe, Alresford, Thorrington NORTH STATION - WIVENHOE 62B via Town Centre, Essex University Mondays To Fridays Ref.No.: L38 Commencing Date: 22/10/2018 Service No 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 North Station Forecourt 0631 0641 0701 0716 0731 0741 0801 0816 0831 0846 0901 High Street 0550 0625 0641 0651 0711 0726 0741 0751 0811 0826 0841 0856 0911 Greenstead Road Tesco 0559 0634 0650 0700 0720 0735 0750 0802 0820 0835 0850 0905 0920 Essex University South Courts 0606 0641 0657 0707 0727 0742 0757 0809 0827 0842 0857 0912 0927 Wivenhoe Co-op sbnd 0612 0647 0703 0713 0733 0748 0803 0815 0833 0848 0903 0918 0933 Wivenhoe Cemetery 0614 0649 0705 0715 0735 0750 0805 0817 0835 0850 0905 0920 0935 Alresford The Pointer 0619 0654 0710 0720 0740 0755 0810 0822 0840 0855 0910 0925 0940 Thorrington Cross 0624 0659 0715 0725 0745 0800 0815 0827 0845 0900 0915 0930 0945 Brightlingsea Regent Road 0632 0707 0723 0733 0753 0808 0823 0835 0853 0908 0923 0938 0953 Brightlingsea Victoria Place 0636 0711 0727 0737 0757 0812 0827 0839 0857 0912 0927 0942 0957 Service No 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 North Station Forecourt 0916 0931 0946 1001 1016 1031 1046 1101 1116 1131 1146 1201 1216 High Street 0926 0941 0956 1011 1026 1041 1056 1111 1126 1141 1156 1211 1226 Greenstead Road Tesco 0935 0950 1005 1020 1035 1050 1105 1120 1135 1150 1205 1220 1235 Essex University South Courts 0942 0957 1012 1027 1042 1057 1112 1127 1142 1157 1212 1227 1242 Wivenhoe Co-op sbnd 0948 -
Beneath Our Feet: the Geology of Coldfall Wood
Beneath our Feet: the geology of Coldfall Wood 2 2 1 3 4 4 1 3 Geology of Coldfall Wood and surrounding area based on the 1:10,000 geological map TQ 29 SE Permit Number CP20/053 British Geological Survey © UKRI 2020. All rights reserved Coldfall Wood is interesting geologically because three different rock types underlie the surface. It is also bisected by streams into a valley that is far larger than would be possible with the present rate of flow. At the highest point abutting the cemetery and allotments glacial till is underfoot, overlying gravel that was transported by a river across what is now the London basin to join the Thames on its ancestral route further north. The bed rock is the London Clay that underlies most of London. Jurassic oyster from the till The Friends of Coldfall Wood www.londongeopartnership.org.uk www.coldfallwoods.co.uk/the-friends-of-coldfall-wood 1. London Clay c. 50-55 million years old The Solid geology of London is mostly underlain by a thick layer of stiff blue clay known as the London Clay. When it is seen in temporary excavations it is usually a rusty orange as the iron within it has oxidised. The clay was laid down as mud about 50 million years ago from rivers eroding the nearest coastline which was probably in the Midlands. Occasionally fossilised fruits and seeds of land plants such as the Nipa palm are found within the marine clay which indicate a tropical climate, but seeds of Magnolia suggest some seasonality. -
Town/ Council Name Ward/Urban Division Basildon Parish Council Bowers Gifford & North
Parish/ Town/ Council Name Ward/Urban District Parish/ Town or Urban Division Basildon Parish Council Bowers Gifford & North Benfleet Basildon Urban Laindon Park and Fryerns Basildon Parish Council Little Burstead Basildon Urban Pitsea Division Basildon Parish Council Ramsden Crays Basildon Urban Westley Heights Braintree Parish Council Belchamp Walter Braintree Parish Council Black Notley Braintree Parish Council Bulmer Braintree Parish Council Bures Hamlet Braintree Parish Council Gestingthorpe Braintree Parish Council Gosfield Braintree Parish Council Great Notley Braintree Parish Council Greenstead Green & Halstead Rural Braintree Parish Council Halstead Braintree Parish Council Halstead Braintree Parish Council Hatfield Peverel Braintree Parish Council Helions Bumpstead Braintree Parish Council Little Maplestead Braintree Parish Council Little Yeldham, Ovington & Tilbury Juxta Clare Braintree Parish Council Little Yeldham, Ovington & Tilbury Juxta Clare Braintree Parish Council Rayne Braintree Parish Council Sible Hedingham Braintree Parish Council Steeple Bumpstead Braintree Parish Council Stisted Brentwood Parish Council Herongate & Ingrave Brentwood Parish Council Ingatestone & Fryerning Brentwood Parish Council Navestock Brentwood Parish Council Stondon Massey Chelmsford Parish Council Broomfield Chelmsford Urban Chelmsford North Chelmsford Urban Chelmsford West Chelmsford Parish Council Danbury Chelmsford Parish Council Little Baddow Chelmsford Parish Council Little Waltham Chelmsford Parish Council Rettendon Chelmsford Parish -
UNESCO Scientific Colloquium on Factors Impacting the Underwater Cultural Heritage (Royal Library of Belgium, Brussels, 13 & 14 December 2011)
UNESCO SCIENTIFIC COLLOQUIUM ON FACTORS IMPACTING UNDERWATER CULTURAL HERITAGE ROYAL LIBRARY OF BELGIUM, BRUSSELS 13 AND 14 DECEMBER 2011 0 1 2 Contents1 1.0 General Context 1.1 The significance of underwater cultural heritage…………………………………………………………5 1.2 The future of underwater archaeology..............................................................................................9 2.0 Commercial exploitation, commercial archaeological interventions and international cooperation 2.1 The extent and the prevention of pillaging on submerged archaeological sites – the French experience.....................................................................................................................................12 2.2 The centenary of the Titanic and the treaty giving legal protection ...............................................17 3.0 Trawling and fishing 3.1 Quantification of trawl damage to pre-modern shipwreck sites: case studies from the Aegean and Black Seas..............................................................................................................................24 4.0 Developing the seabed, resource extraction and renewable energy development at Sea 4.1 The consideration of archaeological sites in oil and gas drilling operations....................................31 4.2 The significance and contribution of marine aggregates.................................................................38 5.0 Environmental impact and climate change 5.1 The appearance of new bacteria (titanic bacterium) and metal corrosion…….................................44 -
Northern Thames Basin Area Profile: Supporting Documents
National Character 111: Northern Thames Basin Area profile: Supporting documents www.naturalengland.org.uk 1 National Character 111: Northern Thames Basin Area profile: Supporting documents Introduction National Character Areas map As part of Natural England’s responsibilities as set out in the Natural Environment White Paper1, Biodiversity 20202 and the European Landscape Convention3, we are revising profiles for England’s 159 National Character Areas (NCAs). These are areas that share similar landscape characteristics, and which follow natural lines in the landscape rather than administrative boundaries, making them a good decision-making framework for the natural environment. NCA profiles are guidance documents which can help communities to inform their decision-making about the places that they live in and care for. The information they contain will support the planning of conservation initiatives at a landscape scale, inform the delivery of Nature Improvement Areas and encourage broader partnership working through Local Nature Partnerships. The profiles will also help to inform choices about how land is managed and can change. Each profile includes a description of the natural and cultural features that shape our landscapes, how the landscape has changed over time, the current key drivers for ongoing change, and a broad analysis of each area’s characteristics and ecosystem services. Statements of Environmental Opportunity (SEOs) are suggested, which draw on this integrated information. The SEOs offer guidance on the critical issues, which could help to achieve sustainable growth and a more secure environmental future. 1 The Natural Choice: Securing the Value of Nature, Defra NCA profiles are working documents which draw on current evidence and (2011; URL: www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm80/8082/8082.pdf) 2 knowledge. -
Lower and Middle Palaeolithic Leicestershire and Rutland: Progress and Potential by Anne Graf
Leic.Arch. Sept 2002 11/10/02 7:54 AM Page 1 Lower and Middle Palaeolithic Leicestershire and Rutland: progress and potential by Anne Graf Drawing on archaeological and geological research, recent finds, museum collections and borehole evidence, this paper describes the changing local landscape and environment round the Cromerian-period Bytham river valley, possibly the major early entry route to Britain from Europe; the succeeding pro-glacial Lake Harrison and present-day post-glacial rivers; and highlights deposits with Palaeolithic archaeological potential. Palaeolithic tools of quartzite, comparable with other Midlands raw materials, and of andesitic and Charnian tuff may suggest occupation from around 600,000 BC, while flint tools suggest at least intermittent post-Anglian occupation, followed by probable abandonment from after 160,000 BC until possible Devensian re-occupation by Neanderthalers post- 60,000 BC. Introduction The last twenty years have seen very exciting results for the Palaeolithic period in Leicestershire and Rutland. This paper discusses these results, which are placed in the contexts both of the local landscape changes, and of the growing national understanding of key Palaeolithic issues. The paper aims to provide a summary of current knowledge of the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic occupants and their environments and landscapes in these two counties, and to highlight potential for further investigation. The local, and many national, sites, to which references can be found in the bibliography, are presented in the timechart in illus. 1, with their relative positions within current archaeological and geological divisions and phases. Throughout the timechart and the rest of this paper ‘thousand [years] ago’ will be abbreviated to ‘ka’, while the oxygen isotope stages now used for international date correlations (see below) will also be abbreviated, so that, for example, OIS-16 indicates oxygen isotope stage 16. -
London Basin Advice
Insightful London Basin Advice The London Basin aquifer is one of the most densely investigated and data-rich groundwater bodies in the UK. Following consolidation and analysis of the available data and a comprehensive literature review, we developed a detailed conceptual understanding of the key hydrogeological processes, which focused on understanding and quantifying the following key aspects of the hydrogeology of the aquifer: 1 Using the most modern interpretation from the British Geological Survey of geological layering and structure to understand the geometry of the aquifer units and potential influence on groundwater flow – see bgs.ac.uk/research/ engineeringGeology/urbanGeoscience/londonAndThames/faultModelling.html 2 Understanding the hydraulic properties of the layered aquifer. Historical interpretations of the Chalk transmissivity distribution were combined with recent pumping tests and depth of burial information to prepare an initial transmissivity map for the model. 3 Understanding groundwater level distributions to identify low permeability barriers (mainly identified as faults or fold axis) and to map areas where the water table was below the base of aquifer units. 4 Quantifying recharge to the North Downs, which contributes almost a half the inflow to the basin; and modelling flows from the springs at the foot of the dip slope which form the upper reaches of the Rivers Hogsmill, Wandle and Ravensbourne. 5 Quantifying other flows into the confined basin, which contribute to most of the abstraction yield. The key source is the unconfined aquifer of the Chilterns, the data for which we obtained from other Environment Agency groundwater models. 6 Assessing interaction with the River Thames where the aquifer is unconfined in East London. -
Mainsheet Winter 2016
WIVENHOE SAILING CLUB MAINSHEET 2016/17WINTER EDITION Editor: Roy Crookes Contents in this issue: page as it means the days are getting longer commodore’s seasonal greeting 1 and Spring is on its way. profile: Albert Scott 2 Whereas, as everybody knows, some of Ostend Rally 3 spring, all of summer and a bit of autumn lifting group 4 were invented for sailing, winter was wsc AGM minutes & accounts 5 designed specifically for the contem- 2017 AGM 12 plation of sailing. For example, time can membership renewal form 14 be spent in thinking of ways in which you new membership fees 15 might be able to make your boat go just 2017 sailing/ social programme 15 that little bit faster, or be slightly more nature review, the robin 17 comfortable, or for planning a major social whirl 17 assault on a race series next year, or for wsc: prize-giving 19 planning a summer cruise, or, if you’re Sinterklaas returns 20 really clever, all of them at once. seasonal scary-story 21 Personally, my cruise planning knows no looking back 23 bounds up until the New Year, after that stop press; small ads. 24 reality kicks in a bit, but ambition is a great thing; to quote the well known editor’s note: philosopher, author, and motorcyclist Guy I would like to extend warm seasonal greet- Martin ‘When you dead, you dead’. ings to all club members and readers in this This year, it is intended to leave the club’s winter edition of Mainsheet. Inside are Hunter 19 in the water for much of the regular features: membership renewal and winter, so that any member who feels the reports of club meetings and business, special desperate need for a sail can arrange to events and news, the nature feature and next borrow her. -
Colchester Campus Map
Colchester Campus Map 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 E A133 Colchester A133 Clacton LM STE CLINGOE HILL AD ROAD Colchester Entrance A133 A Capon Road Car Park BOUNDARY CAPO O N ROAD ROAD D OA D R IEL SF NE Innovation Car Park 21 Lake House B 28 20 P 19 B Quays Bridge 27 1208 CAPON ROAD North Towers Car Park 18 26 D L 31 OA S R ER LIGHTSHIP WAY W O T 17 16 H BBQ Area 29 T R 30 O 14 N J Wivenhoe House Hotel C and Edge Hotel School 25 G 15 24 23 Brightlingsea 27 13 0 12 1 22 B Wivenhoe Park Day Nursery 11 Visitors’ Reception F A Sports Field Health Centre I D B N M Square 5 Wivenhoe Square 4 Entrance E C Valley Car Park Map Key: H Sports Pavilion Square 3 Square 2 Cycle Path Information Centre E Square 1 Cycle Parking All Weather Pitch VALLEY ROAD K D Bus Stop Essex Sport Arena BOUNDARY ROAD Main Road Tennis Courts 10 Main Squares 9 Sports Centre PARK ROAD 8 Car Park A Path Multi-deck Car Park F 28 Wivenhoe Vehicle Barrier 6 0 1 4 B Wivenhoe Trail Car Park B 1 RIVER COLNE 2 7 Area: 3 5 North Campus G B OU Central Campus ND ARY ROAD South Campus Our Learning Spaces Our Art Spaces Student Residences South Towers (9–10) The Houses (16–21) The Meadows (25–30) Disabled Visitors A Albert Sloman Library (D6) M Art Exchange – Gallery (D6) 9 Bertrand Russell (F6) 16 Anne Knight (C5) 25 Cole (C2) For information on access and parking B The Hex (D5) N Lakeside Theatre (D6) South Courts (1–8) 10 Eddington (E6/F6) 17 Swaynes (C5) 26 Arber (C2) arrangements, please contact Visitors’ C Ivor Crewe Lecture Hall (E6) 1 Harwich (F5/G5) 18 Issac Rebow (B5) 27 Godwin