Riots, Civil and Criminal Disorders Hearings

Home , Bobby Hutton, David Hilliard, Emory Douglas

RIOTS, CIVIL AND CRIMINAL DISORDERS

HEARINGS BEFORE THE PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE NINETY-FIRST CONGRESS

FIRST SESSION

PURSUANT TO SENATE RESOLUTION 26, 91ST CONGRESS

JUNE 18, 24, AND 25, 1969

PART 19

Printed for the use of the Committee on Government Operations

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 27-3310 WASHINGTON : 1969

For saleby the Superintendent ofDocuments, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $2.60 COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPIDRATIONS JOHN L. McCLELLAN, Arkansas, Chairman HENRY M. JACKSON, Washington KARL E. MUNDT, South Dakota SAM J. ERVIN, JR ., North Carolina JACOB K. DAVITS, New York EDMUND S. MUSKIE, Maine CHARLES H. PERCY, Illinois ABRAHAM RIBICOFF, Connecticut ROBERT P. GRIFFIN, Michigan FRED R. HARRIS, Oklahoma THEODORE F. STEVENS, Alaska LEE METCALF, Montana EDWARD J. GURNEY, Florida EUGENE McCARTHY, Minnesota JAMES B. ALLEN, Alabama JAMES R. CALLOWAY, Chief Clerk and Staff Director

PERMANENT SUBCOMMITTEE ON INVESTIGATIONS JOHN L. McCLELLAN, Arkansas, Chairman HENRY M. JACKSON, Washington KARL E. MUNDT, South Dakota SAM J. ERVIN, JR., North Carolina JACOB K. DAVITS, New York ABRAHAM RIBICOFF, Connecticut CHARLES H. PERCY, Illinois LEE METCALF, Montana ROBERT P. GRIFFIN, Michigan JEROME S. ADLERMAN, General Counsel DONALD F. O'DONNELL, Chief Counsel PHILIP W. MORGAN, Chief Counsel to the Minority RUTH YOUNG WATT, Chief Clerk

CONTENTS

ORGANIZATIONS : MILITANCY, EXTREMISM, AND VIOLENCE Page Appendix______4161 Testimony of Drass, Capt. John E------3721,3730 Dyer, Sgt. Justin______3912, 4097 Halveland, Lt. Earl______4116 Lashkoff, Benjamin______3865 Manuel, Philip R______3730, 3949,4034 Meltzer, Russell D______3912 Powell,Jean------3783,3802 Powell, Larry______3783,3802 White, Sgt. Stanley______3826 (ru) EXHIBITS Introduced Appear on page on peps Harass- entitled "Review of Panther Growth and 330. Article newspaper, January 4, ment" from the Black Panther 3722 ------3722 1969 BPP, ap- Article by Huey Newton re weapons for use by 331 . issue of the Black Panther peared in the July 3, 1967, 3726 3726 Party newspaper ------is a directive on guns and 331 A. Black Panther documents which 3726 3727 and their use and effectiveness_ _ _ _-_------entitled "Agenda for Retreat" which was handed 332. Document Calif., on No- out at the BPP retreat held in Oakland, 3729 16,1968------3729 vember vari- Documents describing the ingredients and way to make 333. the BPP retreat on No- ous types of bombs handed out at 3729 M vember 16, 1968------Militant Black Organi- 334. Article entitled "Genesis of a Young 3730 (*) the People's World, July 13 1968------zation" from ;hairman Mao 335. Red Book entitled "Quotations From G Tse-tung------3730 (*) the Black Panther news- 336. Advertisement that appeared in 3731 (*) 16, 1969------paper, March of the Black 337. Chart showing the national officers and staff ------3731 3731 Panthers newspapers Clippings from various Black Panther Party 338. staff and central committee identifying the BPP editorial 3732 (*) by name------in the Workers World, March 1, 339. Article which appeared the Black 1968, showing rundown of merger between Nonviolent Coordinating Panther Party and the Student 3732 3732 Committee ------and objectives of the Black 340. Document setting forth the aims 3734 3734 Panther Party written on their letterhead------from Cuba, monitored by the 341. Copy of radio broadcast quotes of Foreign Broadcast Information Service, giving Seale______3735 3735 Bobby Newton, Minister of 342. Text of interview between Huey P. the Black Panther Party and the newspaper Defense of 1968 ------3736 3736 El Mundo, Havana, Cuba, August 18,. Mason Murray, minister of education, 343. Quotes of George New York over BPP, and Joudon Ford, BPP leader in 3737 Radio Havana, August 21, 1968______------3737 Murray, broadcast over radio 344. Quotes from George Mason 3739 23, 1968 ------3739 Havana, August Committee officers Documents showing National Central 345 . outlining the national structure of the Black Panther Party 3744 3745 and rules of the Black Panther Party------article by Huey P. Newton, minister of 346 . Excerpts of an July 20, defense, from the Black Panther newspaper, ------3752 (*) 1967 various editions of the 347 . Co ies of cartoons that appeared in newspaper ______------3754 - (*) )lack Panther "Revolution Art/ Article by Emory Douglas, Jr., entitled : 348 . Black Panther newspaper, Black Liberation" from the 3755 3755 May 18,1968______including the dates of purchase, descrip- 349 . List of 75 weapons, purchased tion, names of purchaser, and serial numbers, 21, 1967, and April 3, 1968, by Black between October ------3756 *) Panther Party members in Reno, Nev (iv) EXHIBITS-Continued Introduced Appears on page on page 350. Document entitled "The Catechism of the Revolutionist" published by the Black Panther Party for self-defense, Oakland, Calif------3757 (*) 351. Black Panther Party booklet entitled "Essays from the Min- ister of Defense," Huey Newton------3758 3758 352. Article from Cuban newspaper "Granma" August 28, 1968, quoting George Mason Murray, Minister of Education of Black Panther Party ------3769 (*) 353. Excerpts from Black Panther newspaper, December 21, 1968, stating Chairman Bobby Seale and other members attended the Hemisphere Conference in Montreal, Canada_- 3770 3770 354 . Translated copy of an article from the newspaper Dagens Nyheter, January 19, 1969, published in Stockholm, Sweden, containing a statement by Stokely Carmichael--- 3771 3772 355. Interview with Benny Stewart entitled "Black Student Union's Move to Revolutionary Nationalism" from the People's World, February 15, 1969------3774 3774 356 . Advertisement from the Black Panther newspaper, October 18, 1968, announcing a high school convention of BSU in ' San Francisco, Calif.,October 26,1968------3775 (*) 357 . Black Student Union national office address as listed office in the Black Panther newspaper of December 21, 1968---- 3776 3776 358. Article entitled "SDS & Panthers to Celebrate Huey's Birthday" from the New Left Notes, February .5, 1969---- 3777 3777 359 . A quote by George Mason Murray from Granma, the Cuban Communist newspaper, August 25,1968------3778 (*) 360. Report from the Mobile, Ala, police department indicating dates of arrival of Stokeley Carmichael, Donald Lee Cox, and William Hall in Mobile, Ala------3779 (*) 361 . Photographs taken at the Mobile airport on July 26, 1968, of Stokely Carmichael, Donald Lee Cox, and William Hall emerging from an Eastern Airlines plane------3779 (*) 362. Arrest record of Curtis Crittle, Jr., Black Panther Party member, in San Francisco on trespassing charges, Sep- tember-8, 1968; also literature in his possession at time of arrest ------3780 (*) 363. Copies of indictments of Black Panther Party members by the people of the State of New York ------3780 (') 364. A quotation from the Black Panther newspaper of January 4, 1969------3780 (*) 365. Article entitled "Grenades and Bombs: Antiproperty and Antipersonnel" appeared in the Black Panther newspaper November 16, 1968------__----- 3780 (*) 366. Copy of ad from the Black Panther newspaper, March 16, 1969, with a heading "Young People Wanted To Sell the Black Panther ------3800 3801 367. Chart, Black Panther Party, Berkeley, Calif------3803 3803 368. Transcript of a speech by Stokely Carmichael, Oakland, Calif., August 25, 1968------3827 (*) 369. Two photographs of Oakland policemen in discussion with Huey Newton, Bobby George Seale, and Bobby Hutton-- 3828 (*) 370. Photographs of Blac't Panther Party officers of the branch office located at Oakland, Calif., together_ with their Oak- land Police Department criminal records and Black Panther Party membership applications------3830 (*) 371 . Black Panther Party document naming officers of the Black Panther Party, central headquarters, Oakland, Calif---- 3830 3830 372. Copy of application for membership in the Black Panther Party------3830 3831 373. Document from the "Political Education Kit," Black Panther Party------3833 (*) 374. Transcript of a fundraising rally for Huey P. Newton held in the city of Oakland auditorium, Feb . 17, 1968------3833 (*)

EXHIBITS-Continued Introduced Appears on page on page 375. Photographs denoting a police car parked adjacent to three other cars containing Black Panther Party members____ 3834 (*) 376. Photographs of the weapons used by the Panther Party members the night of April 6, 1968------3834 3835 377. Photograph of weapons assembled for a robbery.in Oakland, Calif______3836 3836 378. R6sum6 of some bombing and arson cases occurring since February 1968 in California------3837 3837 379. BPP document entitled "Boycott Safeway Stores" "------3841 3842 380. Photograph of women training with automatic rifles of the military variety------3844 3845 381. Document depicting various destructive devices, how to make them, where to use them, etc------3845 (*) 382. Outlines for various classes at the BPP retreat held in Oakland, Calif------3845 3845 383. Document entitled "Organization of the Black High School Student (Some Basic Guidelines)"------3850 3850 384. A flyer distributed by the BPP in the San Francisco area the early part of 1969 entitled "Political Education Kit for Black Panther Party Members------3867 3868 385. Document outlining theBPP training program ; identifies some of the BPP members in California and other States and staff members of the BPP paper------3869 (*) 386. Document showing instructions on sabotage and acts of subversion ------3869 (*) 387. Document outlining the BPP Breakfast program ------3872 3872 promoting the Hot Breakfast program----- 3872 3872 388. BPP document 4161 389. Black Panther Coloring Book------3874 390. Document supporting the Black Panther Party, issued by the Communist Party of Northern California, April 22, 1969__ 3879 (*) 391 . SDS press release showing the planning and effort placed in the preparation of incidents and demonstrations and de- sired effect to be realized------3886 3886 392. Booklet entitled "On Strike Shut It Down" authored by Gordon DeMarco, SDS campus co-chairman------3889 (*) 393. Document entitled "SDS Summer Work-In------3890 3891 394. Leaflet dated November 30, 1968, in which SDS formulates plans for various projects for 1969 ------3895 3895 395. Leaflet which was passed out on May 6, 1969, at a conference attended by the SDS strike committee of San Francisco State College______3897 3897 396. Position paper issue by the SDS Independent Caucus in January 1969 during the San Francisco State College disturbance ------3899 3899 397. Document entitled "Your Manual" published by 3 R News Service, Inc., San Francisco, Calif., consisting of methods and equipment to fight the police and establish- ment------3905 (*) 398. An Article from the San Francisco Chronicle, June 4, 1969, entitled "A 13-Point Plan of Action for Berkeley Radi- cals------3906 (*) 399 . Description of the SDS leaders at California State College__ 3919 (*) 400. Photograph of a map of 43d and Central, Los Angeles, Calif., site of an intended ambush------3937 (*) 401 . Directions for making a black powder bomb------3938 (*) 402. Five photographs of weapons seized from BPP members by the Los Angeles Sheriff's Office ------3938 3938 403. Reports from -the BPP Organization indicating their aims and objectives______3944 (*) 404. Nine letters signed by Don Freed indicating he is in position of power______3946 ( ) 405 . Documents representative of the propaganda put out by the Black Panther Party______3947 (*) 406. A pamphlet entitled "The Story of SNCC------3951 (*) 407. SNCC document describing its organizational structure_ _ _ _ 3953 (*)

EXHIBITS-Continued Introduced Appears on page on page 408A . Report from the "Movement" newspaper of January 1969, alliance between SNCC and the Black Liberators based in St. Louis______3954 3954 408B . Document of the National Black Liberators in which they describe themselves______3954 3955 408C. Document showing how to make bombs and other incendiary devices______3954 (*) 409. Chart-"Organization of SNCC (National Officers) as of June 1968------3956 3956 410. Article entitled "SNCC Elects 8, Revises Structure" by Robert L. Allen, from the Guardian, June 22, 1968______3956 3957 411. Copy of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee Constitution 1962______3958 3958 412. Document entitled "Resolutions Passed by Us on Sunday, May 7, 967" which includes a list of SNCC staff______3962 3962 413. Corporate Charter of the Student Voice together with their annual registration statements------3964 3965 414. Charter and annual registration statements for the Southern Education and Research Institute, Inc------3975 3976 415. Corporate Charter and registration statements for the Sojourner Motor Fleet, Inc------3989 3990 416. Copy of a document entitled "Soul Book------4004 (*) 417. Copy of a document entitled "Special Memorandum" from Foreign Broadcast Information Service_ __ _- ______- 4004 4005 418. Copy of a report from the chairman of SNCC May 5, 1967__ 4013 4013 419. Copy of a press release from SNCC headquarters in Atlanta_ 4017 (*) 420. Document entitled "Proposal for SNCC Program Revolving Around Black College Campuses" May 6, 1967 ------4018 4018 421. Copy of a document entitled "Campus Program Meeting, February 16, 1967------4019 4019 422. Copy of a report of the SNCC campus program meeting, May 7, 1967______4024 4024 423. Copy of a report entitled "The Case of the campus Tour" May 7, 1967------4034 4034 424. Copy of a Report, "The Structure of SNCC------4038 4038 425. Copy of report to the staff from Ethel Minor, communications director, May 5, 1967______4042 4042 426. Copy of the staff meeting report of the Student Voice------4042 4044 427. Copy of a report to coordinating committee from the Sojourner Motor Fleet------4042 4047 428. Copy of a report by Robert Hoover of staff meeting in East Palo Alto, Calif., May 1967______4048 4048 429 . Document entitled "Where It's At," a research guide for community organizing______4049 (*) 430. Document entitled "1967: High Tide of Black Resistance" by James Forman______4050 4050 431 . Copy of a speech by James Forman entitled "Liberation Will Come from a Black Thing"______4063 4063 432. Documents entitled "Don't Shut Me Out," "How To Be- come a Good Political Organizer------4071 4071 433 . Copy of January 1969 edition of Liberation magazine------4076 (* ) 434. Documents and gun in the possession of John C. Floyd at the time of his arrest in New Orleans, La., May 17, 1968______4077 (* ) 435. Documents and gun in the possession of Charles F. Gordon at the time of his arrest in New Orleans, La May 17, 1968_ 4077 (*) 436. Documents and gun in the possession of Mark Anthony Semien at the time of his arrest in New Orleans, La., May 17, 1968______4077 (*) 437. Documents and gun in the possession of Johnnie E. Rainer III at the time of his arrest in New Orelans, La., May 17, 1968______4077 (*) 438 . Article "Black Manifesto" which appeared in the Wayne State University Paper "The South End" May 1, 1969---- 4080 4080 439 . Excerpts from a monitored radio broadcast from Cuba, October 2, 1968______:______4086 (*)

VIII

EXHIBITS-Continued Introduced Appears on page on page 440. Copy of a monitored radio interview of Irving Davis by Havana Radio October 2, 1968------4086 4087 441. An article entitled "Black Political Conference" from the Militant July 12, 1968------4091 4091 442. A book entitled "Tricontinental------4094 4094 443 . Excerpt from J. Edgar Hoover's testimony before the House Appropriations Committee on February 16, 1967------4096 4096 444. Copy of a survival manual handed to the community re- lations officers on July 5, 1968------4113 (*) 445. Brochure entitled "Self-Defense Clubs, Attila and Mike"__ 4115 (*) 446. Copy of a photograph of Charlene Michell flanked by two guards from the SNCC Youth Corps------4116 (*) 447 . Document entitled "A Battle Plan for Integration", by Dan Wakefield______4117 (*) 448. A letter dated July 24, 1964, addressed to Mr. Raymond Gregg, Superintendent, National Park Service, St. Louis, Mo., and signed by seven individuals representing teachers and students of the St. Louis area______4118 (*) t49. Memorandum dated April 30, 1965, to Lieut. Austin B. Duke from Sgt. Robert E. Wessel, Subject: Demonstration- Lester Maddox and "SNCC------4118 (*) 450 . Document entitled "Here's How You Can Help In The Southern Grassroots Struggle for Freedom and Justice" _ _ _ 4118 (*) 451 . Document entitled "Bulletin To Friends of SNCC : Crises and Opportunities"__ 4118 (*) 452A. Documents entitled "Organizational and Planning Meet- ing"_ 4119 (*) 452B. Newsletter and appeal to Friends of SNCC dated July 26, 1965, signed by David H . Finke, office manager______4119 (*) 453. Photograph of demonstrators at Lambert Airport------4120 (*) 454. Photographs of participants in the Mother's Day Walk for Peace, St. Louis, Mo., May 9, 1965______4120 (*) 455. Leaflet entitled "Cops Kill Negro Youth-How Many More Must Die"? ------4121 (*) 456. Document released by the SNCC organization advising of the various deputy chairmen and restructuring of their organization------4121 4121 457 . Document containing the names, arrest records, and organizations to which they belong of SNCC members------4123 (*) 458. Destruction of business property report, St. Louis, Mo_____ 4125 (*) 459. Copy of a police report pertaining to the arrest of two individuals and the weapons seized, St. Louis, Mo------4125 (*) 460. Leaflet advertising the visit of Stokeley Carmichael for the purpose of obtaining bail money and legal fee assistance for Lieut. Joe Thomas of the Black Liberators______4126 (*) 461A. Police report pertaining to the arrest of Charles Keen____ 4126 (*) 461B. Copies of instructions for making incendiary and bombing devices found on the person of Charles Keen______4126 (*) 462. Copy of police report of the firing into the home of Police Lieut. Fred Grimes ------4127 (*) 463. Copy of a police report of the throwing of a fire bomb through the window of the firm of C. W. Gates Realty Co------4127 ( ) 464 . Copy of a police report of the firing of shots through the ft idw of the Ninth District Police Station, St. ronwnoLouis, Mo------4127 (*) 465. Copy of a police report concerning the assault of a police officer------4127 (*) 466. Leaflet distributed by the National Black Liberators, St. Louis, Mo., pertaining to their actions and plans for protest------4128 ( ) 467. Copy of a police report pertaining to the firing into the police station and damage to the police station and in- juring the officers ------4128 ('~)

EXHIBITS-Continued Introduced Appears 468. Copy o` a police report pertaining to the recovery of guns, St. Louis, Mo______4129 (*) 469. Photographs of guns submitted by Lieutenant Halveland, St. Louis, Mo., Police Department ------4130 (*) 470. Letter dated January 16, 1969, addressed to Metropolitan Police Department, St. Louis, Mo., Attention : Lieutenant Halveland from John L. Vermilye, commander Vice and Intelligence Section, Metropolitan Dade County, Miami, Fla.,resale of guns______4131 (*) 471. Memorandum dated April 15, 1966, addressed to Lieut. Robert E. Wessel, commander, Intelligence Unit, from Det. Sgt. Thomas Moonier. Subject : W. E. B. Dubois Club relative to activities of Dwight Corrin, a SNCC member ------4133 (*) 472. Memorandum dated September 19, 1966, addressed to Lieut. Robert Wessel from Gene Nelson and Robert Shockey re activities on Campus of Dwight Corrin------4133 (* ) 473. Interoffice memorandum, St. Louis Police Department, dated October 6, 1966, addressed to Lieut. Robert Wessel from Det. Sgt. Thomas P. Moonier------4133 (*) 474. Copy of a police report pertaining to arrest and association of the members of SNCC organization, Clayton, Mo- _ _ _ 4133 (*) 475. Document distributed by SDS at Washington University bearing the name of Julius Lester ------4135 4135 476. Copy of a police report and pamphlets re the disturbance during the George Wallace for President rally held at Kiel Auditorium, St. Louis, Mo., July 19, 1968------4136 (*) 477. Copy of the arrest report of Philip Hutchings and others for unlawful assembly after a rally in St. Louis, Mo------4137 (*) 478. Copy of a police report pertaining to firebombing of the ninth District Police Station, February 21, 1968, in St. Louis, Mo______4137 (*) 479-517. Sundry documents submitted by Lieut. Earl Halveland, Chief of Intelligence, St. Louis Police Department, St. Louis, Mo., re Students for a Democratic Society______4156 (*) Proceedings of June 18, 1969______3721 June 24, 1969______3865 June 25, 1969______3949 'May be found in the files of the Subwmmittee. BLACK PANTHER PARTY NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS BERKELEY CALIFORNIA= NATIONAL CENTRAL COMMITTEE MINISTER OF DEFENSE...... HUEY P NEWTON

CHAIRMAN ...... BOBBY GEORGE SEALE

MINISTER OF INFORMATION...... LEROY ELDRIDGE CLEAVER

DEPUTY MINISTER OF INFORMATION . . .FRANK JONES

CHIEF OF STAFF ...... DAVID H ILLIARD

FIELD MINISTER OF PRIME MINISTER OF MINISTER OF MINISTER OF MINISTER OF MINISTER OF MARSHALS EDUCATION MINISTER JUSTICE FOREIGN AFFAIRS RELIGION CULTURE FINANCE

KATHLEEN (NEAL) DONALD L. M R~GE~MASON A. ;~ FORMANCLEAVER COX A ~ARMICHAEL ~ BROWN ~ A~ NEI~LEARL DOUGLAS `~ HUTTON (KILLED 4/6/68 BY Q~NL~ND PD.) CARVER "CHICO" ^ REPLACED BY NEBLETT MELVIN LANDON NEWTON WILLIAMS RANDY WILLIAMS AL (BUNCHY)* - GEORGE RAYMOND (MASAI) CARTER y SAMS, JR. HEWITT

BLACK PANTHER NEWSPAPER - STAFF EDITOR ...... ELDRIDGE CLEAVER

MANAGING EDITORS ...... RAYMOND LEWIS FRANKLYN B. JONES

REVOLUTIONARY CO DISTRIBUTION PHOTOGRAPHY LAYOUT ARTISTS E DITORS MANAGER MANAGER ASSISTANT

EMORY ROBERT g GREGORY JOHN DOUGLAS HERRON "y HARRISON SEALE JOAN (MATILABA) w ELBERT IRIS LEWIS HOWARD WYSE

TEEMER BLACK PANTHER PARTY - STATE CHAPTERS

CAL I F O R N I A OFFICERS AND STAFF BAY AREA SAN FRANCISCO OAKLAND RICHMOND ASST. CHIEF OF STAFF ROOSEVELT CAPT. WILLIAM LEE CAPL WENDELL " (CAPT ROBERT L. ~ LL RICHARD E. ` JOHN L. ISEC. LDR. GLENN SHERWIN EVELYN HILLIARD BRENT WADE ~~ BAY BROWN Z SCOTT Z STAFFORD FORTE PROCTER CAPL DEXTER E. CAPT WARREN CAPL WILFRED ! LT KNOX LT. RANDOLPH SEC. LDR. ANTHONY RONALD JOHN LT TOMMY WOODS WELLS HOLLIDAY'cop+.G.xn' WOODS ALBURY WOODS STEVENSON SLOAN JONES CAPT WARREN CAPT EARL CAPT CHARLES U. EUGENE ALLEN LT HENRY SEC. LDR. VICTOR REGINALD BETTY ROSEMARY TUCKER ANTHONY BURSEY STANCIL BRODNAX HOUSTON FORTE CARTER GROSS LOS ANGELES CAPL SHERMONT CAPT JOHN J. CAPL DELMAR P g CAPL ELMER G. CAPL FRANK JOHN ~ LL STEPHEN SGT ROLAND SGT. RONALD SGT. RUSSELL BAN KS HUG~INS MOSSETT PRATT °6aronimo" BARTHOLOMEW a~ FREEMAN FREEMAN WASH I NGTON CAPL AL (BUNCHY) CAPT. MICHAEL D CAPT. RAYMOND CAPT LARRY C. LT. ROBERT LEWIS LT THOMAS M. ~ . SGT. WILMONT SGT. ALBERT ERICKA CARTER PENNEWELL HEWITT 4 POVVELL SMITH ~- LEWIS ~, ODOM ARMOUR HUGGINS SAN DIEGO CAPL KENNETH L. CAPL WALTER C. CAPT. TOMMY L. ~ CAPT. LARRY T. LL SYLVESTER ~ LT ODIS H . DENMON WALLACE HORNS ~,, BAKER BELL ,,rh, MQRGAN SACRAMENTO CAPL CHARLES L. JERRY WAYNE ~~,~ IMELVIN C. + I JAMES EARL BRUNSON DAVIS I/6v WHITTAKER`bdinya"a:' MOTT "Nunoa" * DECEASED LT. OF DEFENSE MIN . OF INFORMATION MIN . OF EDUCATI N STUDENT NON-VIOLENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE (SNCC )

NATIONAL OFFICE ATLANTA GEORGIA

PHILIP HUTCHINGS ;, PROGRAM SECRETARY

DEPUTY CHAIRMEN GEORGE DONALD JAMES RONALD L. WARE ~ STONE FORMAN z WILKI NS AS OF JUNE 1968 JOHN A. n ' ROBERT L. . CHARLES ~ STANLEY L. WILSON ~ SMITN ' KOEN ri: WISE

SNCC DEPARTMENTS AND PROGRAMS COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTION (Printing) PHOTOGRAPHY RESEARCH CAMPUS PROGRAM INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ETHEL MINOR WILLIAM MAHONEY JULIUS LESTER WARCELL WILLIAMS GEORGE WARE JAMES FORMAN IRVING DAVIS DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR ASSISTANT DIRECTOR n

CORPORATE O P E RATI ON S SOUH~H ESEAR~LIN INC. ~I THE SOJO INC. DRNGSDUCFNIOA NCIpR ESATEE~ TP~8~SHI~NOTI PRINTING~. II TRAN PROq~RpN~EET,

CENTR AL COORDINATING COMMITTEE 1967 - 1968 NON-VOTING VOTING MEMBERS MEMBERS LEE JOHN KAREN FANNY LOU JAMES FRED WILLIE CLAUDIA CAROLYN BANKHEAD BUFFINGTON EDMONDS HAM ER JONES MEELY RICKS TILLMAN BAKER JOHN ROBERT ROBERT JESSIE ROBERTA Y. ETHEL RUBY JOHN ELLA J. BATTISTE CABLETON FULLILOVE HARRIS JONES MINOR ROBINSON TILLMAN BAKER RAMONA STOK ELY - LARRY F~oRioia MARY ROBERT SIMUEL JULIA NORMAN BATTISTE CARMICHAEL = FOX HENDERSON LANE MOORS SCHUTZ TYLER BARNETT FAY CAROL ROBERT RUFUS JENNIFER KATHLEEN CLEVELAND GEORGE ALFRED BELLAMY CARTER FLETCHER HINTON LAWSON NEAL SELLERS i WARE COLLINS EDDIE CHARLES RALPH PHILIP JULIUS CARL ISIAH HOLLIS BENNIE BROOKS COBB FEATHERSTONE HUTCHINGS LESTER NEALY SELLERS WATKI NS GREATHEART DANNY ISAAC JAMES JAMES LESTER CARVER MONROE PATRICIA ROBERT BROWN COLEMAN FORMAN JACKSON McKINNIE NEBLETT SHARP WEATHERLY HOOVER HUBERT "RAP" LESTER MYRTLE JOHNNIE CHARLES WENDALL THEO WARCELL DONALD BROWN CORE GLASCOE JACKSON McLAURIN PARRIS SMITH WILLIAMS HOWARD JOYCE COURTLAND ANDREW LEON WILLIAM REGINA E . W. JOHN JAMES BROWN COX GREEN JACKSON MAHONEY PLEASANT STEPTOE WILSON LYTLE WILSON DOROTHY FREDDIE SHESLONIA DENA WILLIAM DONALD STAN LEY MICHELE BROWN DEWBERRY GREEN JOHNSON MALONEY PORTER STON E WISE MORELAND LESSE IVANHOE WILLIAM CORNELIUS EVELYN DENISE CAROLYN SHIRLEY ERNEST BOYD DONALDSON HALL JONES MARSHALL REESE TILLMAN WRIOHT STEPHENS