Study Protocol Drug Substance Anifrolumab (MEDI-546) Study Code D3461C00008 Version 1.0 Date 20 Sep 2016
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BAFF-Neutralizing Interaction of Belimumab Related to Its Therapeutic Efficacy for Treating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03620-2 OPEN BAFF-neutralizing interaction of belimumab related to its therapeutic efficacy for treating systemic lupus erythematosus Woori Shin1, Hyun Tae Lee1, Heejin Lim1, Sang Hyung Lee1, Ji Young Son1, Jee Un Lee1, Ki-Young Yoo1, Seong Eon Ryu2, Jaejun Rhie1, Ju Yeon Lee1 & Yong-Seok Heo1 1234567890():,; BAFF, a member of the TNF superfamily, has been recognized as a good target for auto- immune diseases. Belimumab, an anti-BAFF monoclonal antibody, was approved by the FDA for use in treating systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the molecular basis of BAFF neutralization by belimumab remains unclear. Here our crystal structure of the BAFF–belimumab Fab complex shows the precise epitope and the BAFF-neutralizing mechanism of belimumab, and demonstrates that the therapeutic activity of belimumab involves not only antagonizing the BAFF–receptor interaction, but also disrupting the for- mation of the more active BAFF 60-mer to favor the induction of the less active BAFF trimer through interaction with the flap region of BAFF. In addition, the belimumab HCDR3 loop mimics the DxL(V/L) motif of BAFF receptors, thereby binding to BAFF in a similar manner as endogenous BAFF receptors. Our data thus provides insights for the design of new drugs targeting BAFF for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. 1 Department of Chemistry, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea. 2 Department of Bio Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea. These authors contributed equally: Woori Shin, Hyun Tae Lee, Heejin Lim, Sang Hyung Lee. -
Study Protocol
PROTOCOL SYNOPSIS A Multicentre, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Phase 3 Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Two Doses of Anifrolumab in Adult Subjects with Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus International Coordinating Investigator Study site(s) and number of subjects planned Approximately 450 subjects are planned at approximately 173 sites. Study period Phase of development Estimated date of first subject enrolled Q2 2015 3 Estimated date of last subject completed Q2 2018 Study design This is a Phase 3, multicentre, multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an intravenous treatment regimen of anifrolumab (150 mg or 300 mg) versus placebo in subjects with moderately to severely active, autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) while receiving standard of care (SOC) treatment. The study will be performed in adult subjects aged 18 to 70 years of age. Approximately 450 subjects receiving SOC treatment will be randomised in a 1:2:2 ratio to receive a fixed intravenous dose of 150 mg anifrolumab, 300 mg anifrolumab, or placebo every 4 weeks (Q4W) for a total of 13 doses (Week 0 to Week 48), with the primary endpoint evaluated at the Week 52 visit. Investigational product will be administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion via an infusion pump over a minimum of 30 minutes, Q4W. Subjects must be taking either 1 or any combination of the following: oral corticosteroids (OCS), antimalarial, and/or immunosuppressants. Randomisation will be stratified using the following factors: SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score at screening (<10 points versus ≥10 points); Week 0 (Day 1) OCS dose 2(125) Revised Clinical Study Protocol Drug Substance Anifrolumab (MEDI-546) Study Code D3461C00005 Edition Number 5 Date 18 May 2016 (<10 mg/day versus ≥10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent); and results of a type 1 interferon (IFN) test (high versus low). -
Rheumatology and CTD
Section 16 Section Editor: G Narsimulu Rheumatology and CTD 206. Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis 214. Treatment of SLE beyond Steroids Rohini Handa Rathindra Nath Sarkar, Rudrajit Paul 207. Difficulties in Rheumatoid Arthritis 215. Gout Is the Only Enemy That I Do Not Rajan Kumar Wish to Have at My Feet Anjana Pandey, Ajay Maurya, PK Maheshwari 208. Monoarthritis—A Clinical Dilemma to Internists Arup Kumar Kundu, Abhishek Kundu 216. Liver Dysfunction and NAFLD in RA: 209. Oral Targeted Treatments in RA—Update 2021 Is MTX Really a Culprit? Ramakrishna Rao Uppuluri, Sripurna Deepti Challa Kartik Nikhil Balankhe, Rishabh Ramu Nayak, Pulin Kumar Gupta 210. Biosimilars: Bane or Boon for India 217. Sexual Dysfunction in Rheumatic Diseases Durga Prasanna Misra, Pallavi Patro, Vikas Agarwal Vinod Ravindran 211. An Approach to Vasculitis 218. Interpretation of Common Investigations Packiamary Jerome in Rheumatology 212. How to Manage DMARDs Failure in RA? Renu Saigal, Amit Kansal, Vikram Raj Jain N Subramanian 213. IgG4-related Disease Harpreet Singh, Somdatta Giri, Anju Arya MU-206 (Sec-16).indd 1321 29-01-2021 15:25:29 MU-206 (Sec-16).indd 1322 29-01-2021 15:25:30 CHAPTER 206 Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis Rohini Handa Abstract A sizeable number of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are unable to attain low disease activity or remission despite treatment. These difficult to treat (D2T) patients are labeled as refractory RA. The troika of D2T RA, as outlined by the European League against Rheumatism, comprises of treatment failure history, presence of active/symptomatic disease, and clinical perception. The approach to refractory RA is evolving. -
Antagonist Antibodies Against Various Forms of BAFF: Trimer, 60-Mer, and Membrane-Bound S
Supplemental material to this article can be found at: http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/suppl/2016/07/19/jpet.116.236075.DC1 1521-0103/359/1/37–44$25.00 http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.116.236075 THE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS J Pharmacol Exp Ther 359:37–44, October 2016 Copyright ª 2016 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unexpected Potency Differences between B-Cell–Activating Factor (BAFF) Antagonist Antibodies against Various Forms of BAFF: Trimer, 60-Mer, and Membrane-Bound s Amy M. Nicoletti, Cynthia Hess Kenny, Ashraf M. Khalil, Qi Pan, Kerry L. M. Ralph, Julie Ritchie, Sathyadevi Venkataramani, David H. Presky, Scott M. DeWire, and Scott R. Brodeur Immune Modulation and Biotherapeutics Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut Received June 20, 2016; accepted July 18, 2016 Downloaded from ABSTRACT Therapeutic agents antagonizing B-cell–activating factor/B- human B-cell proliferation assay and in nuclear factor kB reporter lymphocyte stimulator (BAFF/BLyS) are currently in clinical assay systems in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing BAFF development for autoimmune diseases; belimumab is the first receptors and transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator Food and Drug Administration–approved drug in more than and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI). In contrast to the mouse jpet.aspetjournals.org 50 years for the treatment of lupus. As a member of the tumor system, we find that BAFF trimer activates the human TACI necrosis factor superfamily, BAFF promotes B-cell survival and receptor. Further, we profiled the activities of two clinically ad- homeostasis and is overexpressed in patients with systemic vanced BAFF antagonist antibodies, belimumab and tabalumab. -
1 the BAFF/APRIL System in SLE Pathogenesis. Fabien B Vincent1
. Fabien B Vincent1, Eric F Morand2, Pascal Schneider3 and Fabienne Mackay1 1 Department of Immunology, Monash University, Central Clinical School, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct (AMREP), 89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia 2 Monash University Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Southern Clinical School, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia 3 Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Boveresses 155, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by multisystem immune-mediated injury in the setting of autoimmunity to nuclear antigens. The clinical heterogeneity of SLE, the absence of universally agreed clinical trial end points, and the paucity of validated therapeutic targets have, historically, contributed to a lack of novel treatments for SLE. However, in 2011, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the cytokine TNF ligand superfamily member 13B (also known as B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family [BAFF]), belimumab, became the first targeted therapy for SLE to have efficacy in a randomized clinical trial. Because of its specificity, the efficacy of belimumab provides an opportunity to increase understanding of SLE pathophysiology. Although belimumab depletes B cells, this effect is not as powerful as that of other B-cell-directed therapies that have not been proven efficacious in randomized clinical trials. In this article, therefore, we review results suggesting that neutralizing BAFF can have effects on the immune system other than depletion of B cells. We also identify aspects of the BAFF system for which data in relation to SLE are still missing, and we suggest studies to investigate the pathogenesis of SLE and ways to refine anti-BAFF therapies. -
Polymorphisms of the Multidrug Pump ABCG2: a Systematic Review of Their Effect on Protein Expression, Function, and Drug Pharmacokinetics
1521-009X/46/12/1886–1899$35.00 https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.118.083030 DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION Drug Metab Dispos 46:1886–1899, December 2018 Copyright ª 2018 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Minireview Polymorphisms of the Multidrug Pump ABCG2: A Systematic Review of Their Effect on Protein Expression, Function, and Drug Pharmacokinetics Niall Heyes, Parth Kapoor, and Ian D. Kerr School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom Received June 12, 2018; accepted September 20, 2018 Downloaded from ABSTRACT The widespread expression and polyspecificity of the multidrug to improve outcomes in cancer patients treated with tyrosine ABCG2 efflux transporter make it an important determinant of the kinase inhibitors, but the reasons for this are yet to be estab- pharmacokinetics of a variety of substrate drugs. Null ABCG2 lished, and this residue’s role in the mechanism of the protein is expression has been linked to the Junior blood group. Polymor- unexplored by current biochemical and structural approaches. phisms affecting the expression or function of ABCG2 may have Research into the less-common polymorphisms is confined to dmd.aspetjournals.org clinically important roles in drug disposition and efficacy. The in vitro studies, with several polymorphisms shown to decrease most well-studied single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Q141K resistance to anticancer agents such as SN-38 and mitoxantrone. (421C>A), is shown to decrease ABCG2 expression and activity, In this review, we present a systematic analysis of the effects of resulting in increased total drug exposure and decreased re- ABCG2 polymorphisms on ABCG2 function and drug pharmaco- sistance to various substrates. -
IMPDH Inhibitors for Anti-Tumor Therapy in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/835199; this version posted November 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. IMPDH inhibitors for anti-tumor therapy in tuberous sclerosis complex Alexander J. Valvezan1, *, Spencer K. Miller1, Molly C. McNamara1, Margaret E. Torrence1, John M. Asara2, Elizabeth P. Henske3, Brendan D. Manning1,* 1Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA 2Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 3Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA *Correspondence to: [email protected] or [email protected] 665 Huntington Ave, SPH2-117 Boston, MA 02115 617 432-5614 Running title: Repurposing mizoribine for tuberous sclerosis complex tumors Keywords: mTORC1, IMPDH, mizoribine, mycophenolate, tuberous sclerosis complex Financial support: This research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (P01CA120964 to J.M.A. E.P.H. and B.D.M., P30CA006516 to J.M.A., and R35CA197459 to B.D.M.) and a Rothberg Courage Award from the TS Alliance to B.D.M. Conflict of interest statement: B.D.M. is a shareholder and scientific advisory board member for Navitor Pharmaceuticals and LAM Therapeutics. Word count: 5,171 Number of figures: 6 main figures, 4 supplemental figures 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/835199; this version posted November 11, 2019. -
Efficacy and Safety of Mizoribine by One Single Dose Administration for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
□ ORIGINAL ARTICLE □ Efficacy and Safety of Mizoribine by One Single Dose Administration for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Kunihiro Ichinose 1, Tomoki Origuchi 2, Shin-ya Kawashiri 1, Naoki Iwamoto 1, Keita Fujikawa 1, Toshiyuki Aramaki 1, Makoto Kamachi 1, Kazuhiko Arima 1, Mami Tamai 1, Hideki Nakamura 1, Hiroaki Ida 1, Atsushi Kawakami 1, Toshiaki Tsukada 3, Yukitaka Ueki 4 and Katsumi Eguchi 1 Abstract Objective Mizoribine (MZR) is an immunosuppressant that inhibits nucleic acid metabolism and is a rela- tively safe disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of one single dose per day for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients and Methods In this study 32 patients with RA received MZR therapy. We evaluated the average dose of MZR and prednisolone, response to treatment and peak plasma level of MZR. Results The average dose of MZR was 146.1±31.2 (range: 50-200) mg/day. The average dose of predniso- lone was 4.63±3.59 (range: 0-14) mg/day. The average plasma level of MZR, measured after 3 hours, was 2.20±0.49 μg/mL in the responder group and 1.59±0.82 μg/mL in the non-responder group (p=0.020). The treatment with MZR for 24 weeks was completed by 71.9% of patients and the proportion of patients who achieved a good and moderate response rate according to the European League Against Rheumatism (EU- LAR) criteria was 56.3% at 24 weeks. The plasma level of MZR which was greater than or equal to 2.12 μg/ mL was significantly correlated with the clinical response (p<0.01). -
The Future of B-Cell Activating Factor Antagonists in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
pISSN: 2093-940X, eISSN: 2233-4718 Journal of Rheumatic Diseases Vol. 24, No. 2, April, 2017 https://doi.org/10.4078/jrd.2017.24.2.65 Review Article The Future of B-cell Activating Factor Antagonists in the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus William Stohl Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA To review B-cell activating factor (BAFF)-antagonist therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), literature was searched us- ing the search words and phrases, “BAFF”, “B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS)”, “a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL)”, “B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)”, “transmembrane activator and calcium-modulating and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI)”, “BLyS receptor 3 (BR3)”, “belimumab”, “atacicept”, “blisibimod”, “tabalumab”, and “lupus clinical trial”. In addition, papers from the author’s personal library were searched. BAFF-antagonist therapy in SLE has a checkered past, with four late-stage clin- ical trials meeting their primary endpoints and four failing to do so. Additional late-stage clinical trials are enrolling subjects to address some of the remaining unresolved questions, and novel approaches are proposed to improve results. The BAFF-centric pathway is a proven therapeutic target in SLE. As the only pathway in the past 50+ years to have yielded an United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for SLE, it occupies a unique place in the armamentarium of the practicing rheumatologist. The challenges facing clinicians and investigators are how to better tweak the BAFF-centric pathway and im- prove on the successes realized. (J Rheum Dis 2017;24:65-73) Key Words. -
Therapeutics Advisory Group
Therapeutics Advisory Group CCG and NHS Trusts in Norfolk and Waveney Index of TAG recommendations Generic name Indication BNFclass Trafficlight IQoro euromuscular training Hiatus hernia - improving symptoms No BNF entry - device Double Red Not recommended for device routine use / Not commissioned (L-) Carnitine Carnitine Deficiency 9.8.1 Drugs used in Red Hospital / Specialist metabolic disorders only (Para-)aminosalicylic acid Tuberculosis 5.1.9 Antituberculosis Double Red Not recommended for drugs - routine use / Not Antimycobacterials commissioned 5-fluorouracil + salicyclic acid Hyperkeratotic actinic keratosis 13.8.1 Photodamage Double-GreenSuitable for GPs to topical solution initiate and prescribe 5-fluorouracil 5% w/w cream Non-hypertrophic actinic keratosis 13.8.1 Photodamage Double-GreenSuitable for GPs to initiate and prescribe Abacavir HIV infection in combination with other 5.3.1 HIV Infection Red Hospital / Specialist antiretroviral drugs only Abacavir + dolutegravir + HIV infection in combination with other 5.3.1 HIV Infection Red Hospital / Specialist lamivudine antiretroviral drugs only Abacavir and lamivudine HIV infection in combination with other 5.3.1 HIV Infection Red Hospital / Specialist antiretroviral drugs only Abaloparatide Male and juvenile osteoporosis 6.6.1 Calcitonin and Double Red Not recommended for Calcitonin and routine use / Not parathyroid hormone commissioned Abatacept Rheumatoid arthritis - 1st line biologic 10.1.3 Drugs that suppress Red Hospital / Specialist after failure of non-biologic DMARDs -
Immunfarmakológia Immunfarmakológia
Gergely: Immunfarmakológia Immunfarmakológia Prof Gergely Péter Az immunpatológiai betegségek döntő többsége gyulladásos, és ennek következtében általában szövetpusztulással járó betegség, melyben – jelenleg – a terápia alapvetően a gyulladás csökkentésére és/vagy megszűntetésére irányul. Vannak kizárólag gyulladásgátló gyógyszereink és vannak olyanok, amelyek az immunreakció(k) bénításával (=immunszuppresszió révén) vagy emellett vezetnek a gyulladás mérsékléséhez. Mind szerkezetileg, mind hatástanilag igen sokféle csoportba oszthatók, az alábbi felosztás elsősorban didaktikus célokat szolgál. 1. Nem-szteroid gyulladásgátlók (‘nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs’ NSAID) 2. Kortikoszteroidok 3. Allergia-elleni szerek (antiallergikumok) 4. Sejtoszlás-gátlók (citosztatikumok) 5. Nem citosztatikus hatású immunszuppresszív szerek 6. Egyéb gyulladásgátlók és immunmoduláns szerek 7. Biológiai terápia 1. Nem-szteroid gyulladásgátlók (NSAID) Ezeket a vegyületeket, melyek őse a szalicilsav (jelenleg, mint acetilszalicilsav ‘aszpirin’ használatos), igen kiterjedten alkalmazzák a reumatológiában, az onkológiában és az orvostudomány szinte minden ágában, ahol fájdalom- és lázcsillapításra van szükség. Egyes felmérések szerint a betegek egy ötöde szed valamilyen NSAID készítményt. Szerkezetük alapján a készítményeket több csoportba sorolhatjuk: szalicilátok (pl. acetilszalicilsav) pyrazolidinek (pl. fenilbutazon) ecetsav származékok (pl. indometacin) fenoxiecetsav származékok (pl. diclofenac, aceclofenac)) oxicamok (pl. piroxicam, meloxicam) propionsav -
SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX 4: Search Strategies Syntax Guide For
SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX 4: Search Strategies Pubmed, Embase Perioperative Management - PubMed Search Strategy – March 6, 2016 Syntax Guide for PubMed [MH] = Medical Subject Heading, also [TW] = Includes all words and numbers in known as MeSH the title, abstract, other abstract, MeSH terms, MeSH Subheadings, Publication Types, Substance Names, Personal Name as Subject, Corporate Author, Secondary Source, Comment/Correction Notes, and Other Terms - typically non-MeSH subject terms (keywords)…assigned by an organization other than NLM [SH] = a Medical Subject Heading [TIAB] = Includes words in the title and subheading, e.g. drug therapy abstracts [MH:NOEXP] = a command to retrieve the results of the Medical Subject Heading specified, but not narrower Medical Subject Heading terms Boolean Operators OR = retrieves results that include at least AND = retrieves results that include all the one of the search terms search terms NOT = excludes the retrieval of terms from the search Perioperative Management PubMed Search Strategy – March 6, 2016 Search Query #1 ((((ARTHROPLASTY, REPLACEMENT, HIP[MH] OR HIP PROSTHES*[TW] OR HIP REPLACEMENT*[TIAB] OR HIP ARTHROPLAST*[TIAB] OR HIP TOTAL REPLACEMENT*[TIAB] OR FEMORAL HEAD PROSTHES*[TIAB]) OR (ARTHROPLASTY, REPLACEMENT, KNEE[MH] OR KNEE PROSTHES*[TW] OR KNEE REPLACEMENT*[TW] OR KNEE ARTHROPLAST*[TW] OR KNEE TOTAL REPLACEMENT*[TIAB]) OR (ARTHROPLAST*[TW] AND (HIP[TIAB] OR HIPS[TIAB] OR KNEE*[TIAB])) AND (("1980/01/01"[PDAT] : "2016/03/06"[PDAT]) AND ENGLISH[LANG])) NOT (((("ADOLESCENT"[MESH]) OR "CHILD"[MESH])