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Hun Sen's Talks and Cambodia's Tourism Development: The
Hun Sen’s Talks and Cambodia’s Tourism Development: the Discourse of Power Vannarith Chheang1 Summary This paper discusses the talks/speeches made by the Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen in respect of tourism development policies in Cambodia. Thirty eight speeches were identified and analyzed using textual analysis and the discourse of power. Nine factors to develop tourism were found discussed: security and safety for tourists; infrastructure and tourism facilities development; stakeholder collaboration; cultural heritage preservation; environmental protection; human resources development; tourism products marketing and promotion; simplification of travel procedures; and regional cooperation. Introduction Tourism is a highly political phenomenon, the implications of which have been only rarely perceived and almost nowhere fully understood. (Richter, 1989: 2) Tourism studies have developed over the last few decades. Many approaches have been developed from different disciplines to examine and explain the tourism phenomenon. However, there is little literature on tourism from the political science perspective (Hall, 1994:1). The seminal studies of the politics of tourism include the works of Elliott (1997), Hall (1994), Hall and Jenkins (1995), Jeffries (2001), Matthews, 1975, 1978, and Richter (1989). These studies mainly focus on the state and the use of power in managing and mismanaging tourism. The discourse of power is one of the starting points for looking at tourism from a political perspective. For instance, Xiao (2006) analyzes five talks made by Deng Xiaoping in respect to tourism development in China. In a similar vein, this paper attempts to analyze the speeches and talks made by the Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen which are pertinent to tourism development in Cambodia. -
UNSC Play Their Part
HASMUN’19 STUDY GUIDE The United Nations Security Council Khmer Rouge’s Cambodia Under-Secretary General : Egemen Büyükkaya Academic Assıstant : Ümit Altar Binici Table of Contents I) Introduction to the Committee: Historical Security Council……………………………...3 II) Introduction to the Agenda Item: Khmer Rouge’s Cambodia……………………………6 A. Historical Background…………………………………………………………………...9 1) French Colonialism and the Early Communist Movements in Cambodia………….....9 2) Independence of Cambodia and the Rule of Norodom Sihanouk……………………12 3) Cold War Period and 1970 Coup……………………………………………………..14 4) The Establishment and Destruction Lon Nol Government…………………………..15 B. Khmer Rouge Ideology…………………………………………………………………16 C. Internal Formation of the Communist Party of Kampuchea………………………..20 D. Foreign Relations of Democratic Kampuchea………………………………………...21 III) Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………...22 Letter from the Secretary-General Dear Delegates and Advisors, It is a great pleasure and honor to officially invite all of you to HASMUN 2019 which will be held between 26th and 28th of April 2019 at Kadir Has University Haliç Campus in Istanbul which is located in the Golden Horn area. I am personally thrilled to take part in the making of this conference and I am sure that the academic and organisation teams share my passion about this installment of HASMUN in which we have chosen to focus on topics that bring humanity together. And we have also included committees which will simulate historical events that can be considered existential threats which brought the international committee or some nations together. The general idea that we would like to introduce is that humanity can achieve great things in little time if we are united, or can eliminate threats that threaten our very existence. -
In the Shadows: Women, Power and Politics in Cambodia
In the Shadows: Women, Power and Politics in Cambodia Kate Frieson CAPI Associate and United N ations Regional Spokesperson, UNMIBH (UN mission in Bosnia Hercegovina) Occasional Paper No. 26 June 2001 Copyright © 2001 Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives Box 1700, STN CSC Victoria, BC Canada V8W 2Y2 Tel. : (250) 721-7020 Fax : (250) 721-3107 E-mail: [email protected] National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Frieson, Kate G. (Kate Grace), 1958- In the Shadows: Women, Power and Politics in Cambodia (CAPI occasional paper series ; 26) ISBN 1-55058-230-5 1. Cambodia–Social conditions. 2. Cambodia–Politics and government. 3. Women in politics–Cambodia. I. UVic Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives. II. Title. III. Series: Occasional papers (UVic Centre for Asia-Pacific Initiatives) ; #26. DS554.8.F74 2001 305.42'09596 C2001-910945-8 Printed in Canada Table of Contents Theoretical Approaches to Gender and Politics ......................................1 Women and the Politics of Socialization ............................................2 Women and the State: Regeneration and the Reproduction of the Nation ..................4 Women and the Defense of the State during War-Time ................................8 Women as Defenders of the Nation ...............................................12 Women in Post-UNTAC Cambodia ..............................................14 Conclusion ..................................................................16 Notes ......................................................................16 In the Shadows: Women, Power and Politics in Cambodia Kate Frieson, University of Victoria "Behind almost all politicians there are women in the shadows" Anonymous writer, Modern Khmer News, 1954 Although largely unscribed in historical writings, women have played important roles in the Cambodian body politic as lance-carrying warriors and defenders of the Angkorean kingdom, influential consorts of kings, deviant divas, revolutionary heroines, spiritual protectors of Buddhist temples, and agents of peace. -
No Leaves Embattled Cambodia
Lon NoNol leaves embattled Cambodia By Frederick B. Marks B overwhelming military advantage now held byby- bassy the insurgents PHNOM PENH UPI A government operation to insurgents Cambodian Presi- Lon Nol spent what was expected to his clear dent Lon Nol said farewell to be from the 8 kilometers miles his cabinet and day in Cambodia receiving his rocket belt 5 doseclose associates Monday last associates northwest of Phnom Penh was reported stall- Government sources and cabinet members giving gifts of money stall said behe expected to to leave Tuesday for a selfself- friends the sources said He taped a farewell ed exileape the government hoped At Neak Luong the Mekong River town which would lead message to the nation which was to be broad- to peace talks with the broad which has been under siege for two Communist insurgents cast after his departure MondaMonday night months Insurgent forces battered away cabinet the situation was described as very at the members and diplomats attended dinner at- serious tenuous defense a at by a U.S. embassy pack- perimeter of the capital AA. the palace US source Neak Luong packpack- barrage of about 50SO rockets fell on ed with refugees has been under con- trip to Indonesia with Lon Nol gave con airport where the American planes tinuous shelling plane continued rise to speculation about possible negotiations to ferry in food fuel and At the provincial capital of bang in- ammunition Indonesia has been actively involved in bringbring- Batta in Governmentnt sourcesSources said Lon Nol would the northwestern -
Air America in Laos III – in Combat by Dr
Air America in Laos III – in combat by Dr. Joe F. Leeker First published on 29 May 2006, last updated on 23 March 2018. When, in May 1987, during the unveiling of the Air America Memorial at UTD’s McDermott Library at Richardson, former CIA director William Colby said that Air America aircraft were not combat aircraft, but transport aircraft, that was only true for most of Air America’s flights. But in at least three programs Air America crews flew or were to fly combat aircraft in Laos: B-26s in Projects Mill Pond and Black Watch in 1961 and T-28s as A-Team pilots for the Tango program. Already in July 1955, 2 C-47s chartered from CAT had participated in the first post-ceasefire combat jump flown by C-47s of the ANL (Armée Nationale Laotienne or Lao National Army), when the aircraft dropped the ANL’s airborne battalion, the Seno-based 1er Bataillon de Parachutistes, over the garrison of Moung Peun beleaguered by Pathet Lao forces.1 In August 59, PEO again contracted an Air America C-46 and C-47 for use in the Moung Peun paratroop drop.2 Then there was another absolutely unofficial use of Air America transport aircraft as bombers dropping “Hot soup”. Finally, many Air America aircraft flew combat support missions that brought them very close to the actual fighting: This was true for many missions flown by Air America’s helicopters, that is by the UH-34Ds assigned to the Madriver-contract and later especially for the Bells and S- 58Ts assigned to the AID-439-713 contract. -
Cambodia: Human Rights Before and After the Elections
May 1993 Vol.5 No.10 CAMBODIA: HUMAN RIGHTS BEFORE AND AFTER THE ELECTIONS I. INTRODUCTION Cambodians will go to the polls on May 23 in an atmosphere of political and ethnic violence and renewed civil war. The elections are the culmination of a 17-month United Nations presence, the largest, most ambitious and most expensive peace-keeping effort ever, which was supposed to bring about an end to the conflict. Instead, Cambodia is faced with as much fighting as when the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) entered the country in March 1992, and a spiralling level of serious human rights abuses. The "neutral political environment" that was supposed to be the precondition for elections is entirely absent. The five permanent members of the Security Council and other drafters of the 1991 Paris peace accords, formally known as the Agreements on a Comprehensive Political Settlement of the Cambodia Conflict, are determined to go ahead with the elections regardless. But what happens on May 23 is almost less important than what happens in the days after the results are announced. Asia Watch believes that an analysis of the missteps that led to the current human rights situation is critically important to determining how, or perhaps whether, human rights of Cambodians can be protected under whatever government comes to power then. The reasons for the deterioration in the human rights situation in late 1992 and early 1993 are complex. None of the parties to the conflict has a history of respect for human rights and one, Democratic Kampuchea, better known as the Khmer Rouge, has one of the worst human rights records in modern history. -
Re-Imagining Khmer Identity: Angkor Wat During the People's Republic Of
Re-imagining Khmer Identity: Angkor Wat during the People’s Republic of Kampuchea (1979-1989) Simon Bailey A Thesis in The Department of History Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (History) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada August 2018 © Simon Bailey, 2018 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Simon Bailey Entitled: Re-imagining Khmer Identity: Angkor Wat during the People’s Republic of Kampuchea (1979-1989) and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (History) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final Examining Committee: Chair Professor Barbara Lorenzkowski Examiner Professor. Theresa Ventura Examiner Professor Alison Rowley Supervisor Professor Matthew Penney Approved by Chair of Department or Graduate Program Director 2018 Dean of Faculty ABSTRACT Re-imagining Khmer Identity: Angkor Wat during the People’s Republic of Kampuchea (1979-1989) Simon Bailey The People’s Republic of Kampuchea period between 1979 and 1989 is often overlooked when scholars work on the history of modern Cambodia. This decade is an academic blind spot sandwiched between the genocidal Khmer Rouge regime and the onset of the United Nations peace process. Utilizing mediums such as popular culture, postage stamps and performance art, this thesis will show how the single most identifiable image of Cambodian culture, Angkor Wat became a cultural binding agent for the government during the 1980s. To prove the centrality of Angkor in the myth-making and nation building mechanisms of the People’s Republic of Kampuchea, primary source material from Cambodia’s archives, along with interviews will form the foundation of this investigation. -
Gunships-By-Norm-Evans.Pdf
Gunships There were many pre-Vietnam gunship-like aircraft, not only in the USA, and even more helicopter during and after this war. I will concentrate here on USAF and USMC fixed-wing gunships, starting with the early '60s. Project Tailchaser: Convair (A)C-131B First test flights with armed C-131B, serial 53- 7820, at Eglin AFB, 08/1964, with General Electric 7.62 mm SUU-11A/A Gatling Minigun. Project Gunship (I): Douglas C-47, FC-47D, AC-47D Tests were continued with a similar armed C-47D 44-8462 Terry & Pirates at Eglin AFB in 1964. The first real FC-47D was 43-48579 "Puff" (often called Puff the Magic Dragon), ferried back from Nha Trang to Bien Hoa, and fitted with 3 GE Miniguns, a Mark 20 Mod 4 sight (from A-1E Skyraider), VHF/UHF/FM radios, TACAN, IFF, 45 flares (200,000 candlepower) and 24,000 rounds of ammunition. Converted in 10/1964, and used by the 4th Air Commando Squadron. In Spring 1965 a second C-47D was converted in the same way. Four other were later armed with ten .30 calibre machine guns, Type M-2 Browning air-cooled. One of them was 43-48491 'Git-Em' Bullet, another was Grunt 2 and one may have had the serial '36440' (?). Three were operational with the 4th ACS and one was used for crew training at the Forbes AFB. All 6 original FC-47D were later redesignated AC-47D. Air International at Miami, FL, converted 20 more C-47 to AC-47D, which were used from Fall 1965 by the 4th ACS. -
1175 Lon No-1'S Brother Invests
, 1175 Lon No-1's Brother Invests ..By Elizabeth Becker United States. Here, he set up 000 in 15 months to conduct Washington Post Staff Writer an import-export company in $2,000 worth of business. Brig. Gen. Lon Non, brother Maryland, bought two homes Another asset is $170,000 of former Cambodian head of in Silver Spring, and depos- that Madame Lon Non says state Lon Nol and a man who she brought into this country. earned the equivalent of about ited in bank accounts possibly in 1973 from her husband's $200 a month, brought hun- "hundreds of thousands of dol- bank account in Paris. She dreds of thousands of dollars lars, according to his wife and said she almost lost that into the United States while associates. money, hOViever, when French he was here in 1973 and 1974 While touring the United authorities at Orly Airport im- as an unpaid roving ambassa- States as the roving ambassa- pounded a stuffed toy dog car- dor, according to his wife and dor, Lon Non was taken to ried by one the couple's child- associates. various military installations ren and found the cash inside. Both his wife, who now lives throughout the country, es- The money was returned to in Silver Spring, and his asso- corted by American officials. Madame Lon Non "one or two ciates say they do not know One American diplomat who months later" and she said she the origin of the money. But turned it all over to her hus- in diplomatic circles and was put on the Lon Non detail among government officials of described his work as "baby- band in, the United States. -
The S. Rajaratnam Private Papers
The S. Rajaratnam Private Papers Folio No: SR.261 Folio Title: Articles, Newspaper Articles, Conferences – Vietnam, Cambodia 1) Hun Sen 2) Norodom Sihanouk 3) Khmer Rouge 4) Withdrawal of Vietnamese volunteer troops from Kampuchea ITEM DOCUMENT DIGITIZATION ACCESS DOCUMENT CONTENT NO DATE STATUS STATUS Withdrawal of Vietnamese volunteer troops from SR.261.001 Undated Digitized Open Kampuchea Withdrawal of Vietnamese volunteer troops from SR.261.002 Undated Digitized Open Kampuchea SR.261.003 1988 Law on foreign investment in Vietnam Digitized Open SR.261.004 20/12/1988 Hanoi pulls out 18,000 troops Digitized Open Vietnamese troop withdrawal from Cambodia will be SR.261.005 5/12/1988 Digitized Open definitive - minister SR.261.006 1988 Vietnam commentary Digitized Open SR.261.007 18/11/1988 Brunei-S'pore efforts on Cambodia to go on Digitized Open SR.261.008 13/10/1988 Vietnamese troop withdrawal comes to standstill Digitized Open SR.261.009 5/10/1988 Hanoi claims troop pull-out slowed by rain Digitized Open SR.261.010 8/8/1988 Hanoi's sincerity will be put to the test at UN Digitized Open SR.261.011 8/8/1988 Bogor talks seen as a breakthrough of sorts Digitized Open SR.261.012 1/8/1988 Search for a durable Kampuchean solution Digitized Open SR.261.013 29/7/1988 Khmer peace panel to be set up Digitized Open SR.261.014 29/7/1988 Dhana and Thach exchange sharp words Digitized Open 1 of 4 The S. Rajaratnam Private Papers ITEM DOCUMENT DIGITIZATION ACCESS DOCUMENT CONTENT NO DATE STATUS STATUS SR.261.015 22/7/1988 Fears surface as Viets begin -
China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy
China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy Sophie Diamant Richardson Old Chatham, New York Bachelor of Arts, Oberlin College, 1992 Master of Arts, University of Virginia, 2001 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Politics University of Virginia May, 2005 !, 11 !K::;=::: .' P I / j ;/"'" G 2 © Copyright by Sophie Diamant Richardson All Rights Reserved May 2005 3 ABSTRACT Most international relations scholarship concentrates exclusively on cooperation or aggression and dismisses non-conforming behavior as anomalous. Consequently, Chinese foreign policy towards small states is deemed either irrelevant or deviant. Yet an inquiry into the full range of choices available to policymakers shows that a particular set of beliefs – the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence – determined options, thus demonstrating the validity of an alternative rationality that standard approaches cannot apprehend. In theoretical terms, a belief-based explanation suggests that international relations and individual states’ foreign policies are not necessarily determined by a uniformly offensive or defensive posture, and that states can pursue more peaceful security strategies than an “anarchic” system has previously allowed. “Security” is not the one-dimensional, militarized state of being most international relations theory implies. Rather, it is a highly subjective, experience-based construct, such that those with different experiences will pursue different means of trying to create their own security. By examining one detailed longitudinal case, which draws on extensive archival research in China, and three shorter cases, it is shown that Chinese foreign policy makers rarely pursued options outside the Five Principles. -
Hun Sen, the UN, and the Khmer Rouge Tribunal
UCLA UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal Title Not Worth the Wait: Hun Sen, the UN, and the Khmer Rouge Tribunal Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rh6566v Journal UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 24(1) Author Bowman, Herbert D. Publication Date 2006 DOI 10.5070/P8241022188 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California NOT WORTH THE WAIT: HUN SEN, THE UN, AND THE KHMER ROUGE TRIBUNAL Herbert D. Bowman* I. INTRODUCTION Between 1975 and 1979, the Khmer Rouge killed between one and three million Cambodians.1 Twenty-four years later, on March 17, 2003, the United Nations and the Cambodian govern- ment reached an agreement to establish a criminal tribunal de- signed to try those most responsible for the massive human rights violations which took place during the Khmer Rouge reign of terror. 2 Another three years later, on July 4, 2006, international and Cambodian judges and prosecutors were sworn in to begin work at the Extraordinary Chamber in the Courts of Cambodia ("ECCC"). 3 To quickly grasp the Cambodia court's prospects for success, one only need know a few basic facts. First, the jurisdiction of the court will be limited to crimes 4 that took place between April 17, 1975 and January 6, 1979. * Fellow of Indiana University School of Law, Indianapolis Center for Inter- national & Comparative Law. Former International Prosecutor for the United Na- tions Mission to East Timor. The author is currently working and living in Cambodia. 1. Craig Etcheson, The Politics of Genocide Justice in Cambodia, in INTERNA- TIONALIZED CRIMINAL COURTS: SIERRA LEONE, EAST TIMOR, Kosovo AND CAM- BODIA 181-82 (Cesare P.R.