Estimates of Avian Mortality Attributed to Vehicle Collisions in Canada
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Predation by Gray Catbird on Brown Thrasher Eggs
March 2004 Notes 101 PREDATION BY GRAY CATBIRD ON BROWN THRASHER EGGS JAMES W. RIVERS* AND BRETT K. SANDERCOCK Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 (JWR) Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 (BKS) Present address of JWR: Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 *Correspondent: [email protected] ABSTRACT The gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) has been documented visiting and breaking the eggs of arti®cial nests, but the implications of such observations are unclear because there is little cost in depredating an undefended nest. During the summer of 2001 at Konza Prairie Bio- logical Station, Kansas, we videotaped a gray catbird that broke and consumed at least 1 egg in a brown thrasher (Toxostoma rufum) nest. Our observation was consistent with egg predation because the catbird consumed the contents of the damaged egg after breaking it. The large difference in body mass suggests that a catbird (37 g) destroying eggs in a thrasher (69 g) nest might risk injury if caught in the act of predation and might explain why egg predation by catbirds has been poorly documented. Our observation indicated that the catbird should be considered as an egg predator of natural nests and that single-egg predation of songbird nests should not be attributed to egg removal by female brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) without additional evidence. RESUMEN El paÂjaro gato gris (Dumetella carolinensis) ha sido documentado visitando y rompien- do los huevos de nidos arti®ciales, pero las implicaciones de dichas observaciones no son claras porque hay poco costo por depredar un nido sin defensa. -
Swainson's Thrush
Swainson’s Thrush Catharus ustulatus Account #: 8365 Species code: SWTH Band size: 1B Skull: 1 Nov (Small windows may remain indefinitely) Pyle: p397 Moult timing Sibley: p407 Moult Formative Definitive Basic 10 primaries (10th reduced) 9 secondaries 12 tail feathers Juvenile plumage is distinctive. Formative and basic plumages are very similar. The absence of moult limits is not easily discerned. Ageing Use moult limits to separate formative plumage from basic plumage. Tail shape may be reliable in some cases, but intermediates occur. P10 length may also be useful. Moult limit Formative Basic Juvenile feathers among the great- er coverts typically have buffy tips. Spots are generally larger on the innermost feathers. Spots become more subtle and may disappear when feathers are worn. Tail Shape Juvenile/Formative Basic The angle of the feather tip differs. Formative = 88° angle Basic = 109° angle Worn feathers may be misleading. Sexing Juvenile Formative Basic No known plumage methods. During the breeding season cloacal protuberance and brood patch are well developed. References: Collier & Wallace 1989, MacGill Bird Observatory, Morris & Bradley 2000, Pyle 1997, Tabular Pyle 2007. Images: David Hodkinson. Compiled by David Hodkinson, 12 December 2011; North American edition General editor: David Hodkinson - [email protected] 8365 Identification Similar species: Hermit Thrush, Grey-cheeked Thrush, Bicknell’s Thrush & Veery. Hermit Thrush Swainson’s Thrush P6 emargination P9 P9 Swainson’s - No emargination Hermit - Emarginated Grey-cheeked - Often emarginated Veery - Slight emargination P6 P6 Wing Formula Hermit: P9 < P6, Swainson’s, Grey-cheeked & Veery: P9 > P6 Hermit Thrush Swainson’s Thrush Back vs Tail colour Swainson’s - No contrast Hermit - Tail colour contrasts with back colour. -
Hermit Thrush (<Em>Catharus Guttatus</Em>) and Veery (<Em>C
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2010 Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests. Andrew J. Laughlin East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Laughlin, Andrew J., "Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests." (2010). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1695. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1695 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests __________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of Biological Sciences East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree Masters of Science in Biological Sciences _________________ by Andrew J. Laughlin May 2010 __________________ Dr. Fred J. Alsop III, Chair Dr. Istvan Karsai Dr. Thomas F. Laughlin Keywords: Birds, Habitat Partitioning, Principal Components Analysis ABSTRACT Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) and Veery (C. fuscescens) Breeding Habitat Associations in Southern Appalachian High-Elevation Forests by Andrew J. Laughlin The Hermit Thrush is a new breeding bird in the Southern Appalachian high-elevation mountains, having expanded its range southward over the last few decades. -
What Their Stories Tell Us: Research Findings from the Sisters In
What Their Stories Tell Us Research findings from the Sisters In Spirit initiative Sisters In Spirit 2010 Research Findings Aboriginal women and girls are strong and beautiful. They are our mothers, our daughters, our sisters, aunties, and grandmothers. Acknowledgments This research would not have been possible without the stories shared by families and communities of missing and murdered Aboriginal women and girls. The Native Women’s Association of Canada (NWAC) is indebted to the many families, communities, and friends who have lost a loved one. We are continually amazed by your strength, generosity and courage. We thank our Elders and acknowledge First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities for their strength and resilience. We acknowledge the dedication and commitment of community and grassroots researchers, advocates, and activists who have been instrumental in raising awareness about this issue. We also acknowledge the hard work of service providers and all those working towards ending violence against Aboriginal women in Canada. We appreciate the many community, provincial, national and Aboriginal organizations, and federal departments that supported this work, particularly Status of Women Canada. Finally, NWAC would like thank all those who worked on the Sisters In Spirit initiative over the past five years. These contributions have been invaluable and have helped shape the nature and findings of this report. This research report is dedicated to all Aboriginal women and girls who are missing or have been lost to violence. Sisters In Spirit 2010 Research Findings Native Women’s Association of Canada Incorporated in 1974, the Native Women’s Association of Canada (NWAC) is founded on the collective goal to enhance, promote, and foster the social, economic, cultural and political well- being of Aboriginal women within Aboriginal communities and Canadian society. -
Catbird, Gray
Mockingbirds and Thrashers — Family Mimidae 449 Mockingbirds and Thrashers — Family Mimidae Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis Though the Gray Catbird breeds west almost to the coast of British Columbia, it is only a rare vagrant to California—the bulk of the population migrates east of the Rocky Mountains. But the species is on the increase: of 107 reports accepted by the California Bird Records Committee 1884–1999, one third were in just the last four years of this interval. Similarly, of the 20 records of the Gray Catbird in San Diego County, 10 have come since initiation of the field work for this atlas in 1997. Migration: Half of San Diego County’s known cat- Photo by Anthony Mercieca birds have been fall migrants, occurring as early as 24 September (1976, one at Point Loma, S7, K. van Vuren, Cabrillo National Monument, Point Loma 11–17 July 1988 Luther et al. 1979). Besides eight fall records from Point (B. and I. Mazin, Pyle and McCaskie 1992) certainly was. Loma, there is one from the Tijuana River valley 7–8 November 1964 (the only specimen, SDNHM 35095), Winter: Three wintering Gray Catbirds have been report- one from a boat 15 miles off Oceanside 26 October 1983 ed from San Diego County, from Balboa Park (R9) (M. W. Guest, Bevier 1990), and two from Paso Picacho 16 December 1972 (P. Unitt) and from Point Loma 7 Campground (M20) 29 October 1988 (D. W. Aguillard, November 1983–13 March 1984 (V. P. Johnson, Roberson Pyle and McCaskie 1992) and 17 November 2002 (T. 1986) and 31 October 1999–21 January 2000 (D. -
Using Structured Decision Making to Prioritize Species Assemblages for Conservation T ⁎ Adam W
Journal for Nature Conservation 45 (2018) 48–57 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal for Nature Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jnc Using Structured Decision Making to prioritize species assemblages for conservation T ⁎ Adam W. Greena, , Maureen D. Corrella, T. Luke Georgea, Ian Davidsonb, Seth Gallagherc, Chris Westc, Annamarie Lopatab, Daniel Caseyd, Kevin Ellisone, David C. Pavlacky Jr.a, Laura Quattrinia, Allison E. Shawa, Erin H. Strassera, Tammy VerCauterena, Arvind O. Panjabia a Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, 230 Cherry St., Suite 150, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA b National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, 1133 15th St NW #1100, Washington, DC, 20005, USA c National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, 44 Cook St, Suite 100, Denver, CO, 80206, USA d Northern Great Plains Joint Venture, 3302 4th Ave. N, Billings, MT, 59101, USA e World Wildlife Fund, Northern Great Plains Program, 13 S. Willson Ave., Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Species prioritization efforts are a common strategy implemented to efficiently and effectively apply con- Conservation planning servation efforts and allocate resources to address global declines in biodiversity. These structured processes help Grasslands identify species that best represent the entire species community; however, these methods are often subjective Priority species and focus on a limited number of species characteristics. We developed an objective, transparent approach using Prioritization a Structured Decision Making (SDM) framework to identify a group of grassland bird species on which to focus Structured decision making conservation efforts that considers biological, social, and logistical criteria in the Northern Great Plains of North America. The process quantified these criteria to ensure representation of a variety of species and habitats and included the relative value of each criterion to the working group. -
Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: a Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà
Ethology CURRENT ISSUES – PERSPECTIVES AND REVIEWS Intelligence in Corvids and Apes: A Case of Convergent Evolution? Amanda Seed*, Nathan Emery & Nicola Claytonà * Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK à Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK (Invited Review) Correspondence Abstract Nicola Clayton, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Intelligence is suggested to have evolved in primates in response to com- Street, Cambridge CB23EB, UK. plexities in the environment faced by their ancestors. Corvids, a large- E-mail: [email protected] brained group of birds, have been suggested to have undergone a con- vergent evolution of intelligence [Emery & Clayton (2004) Science, Vol. Received: November 13, 2008 306, pp. 1903–1907]. Here we review evidence for the proposal from Initial acceptance: December 26, 2008 both ultimate and proximate perspectives. While we show that many of Final acceptance: February 15, 2009 (M. Taborsky) the proposed hypotheses for the evolutionary origin of great ape intelli- gence also apply to corvids, further study is needed to reveal the selec- doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01644.x tive pressures that resulted in the evolution of intelligent behaviour in both corvids and apes. For comparative proximate analyses we empha- size the need to be explicit about the level of analysis to reveal the type of convergence that has taken place. Although there is evidence that corvids and apes solve social and physical problems with similar speed and flexibility, there is a great deal more to be learned about the repre- sentations and algorithms underpinning these computations in both groups. -
Florida Scrub-Jays
SCIENCE in the SCRUB At Home in the Florida Scrub Archbold Biological Station LENGTH Module 1: Florida Scrub-Jays: 1 hour prep 20 minute video At Home in the Florida Scrub 30 minute activity By the Archbold Biological Station Education Department, 2014 with support from the Southwest Florida Water Management District MATERIALS At a Glance In this lesson, students learn how Florida Scrub-Jays have adapted to survive in the Video Florida scrub ecosystem, and how scientists use banding and long-term research to Jay Family jpeg understand and protect this endangered species. Students watch a video, then Printouts work in pairs to identify parts of the Florida Scrub-Jay’s family life. Tape or Glue Pens or pencils Directions 1. Watch “At Home in the Florida Scrub” video. 2. Review concepts from video with questions about Scrub-Jay habits, cooperative breeding, and the graph shown in the video. Questions supplied on next page. KEY VOCABULARY 3. Divide students into pairs for The Bird Search Story narrative game. Dense Oak Scrub Learning Goals Ecosystems • Florida Scrub-Jays have very specific needs and require scrub habitat. Empirical • Some animals, such as Florida Scrub-Jays, live in family groups, headed by a Food Chains breeding pair, with members that help each other. This adaptation of behavior Habitat is called cooperative breeding and has specific advantages. Interdependence • Cooperative breeding evolved in scrub-jays because: 1) scrub habitat and Scrub Habitat resources were limited, forcing scrub-jays to cooperate 2) individual scrub-jays Thicket benefited from helping their siblings so were more successful when raising their own young (experience matters) and 3) scrub-jay families were stronger when siblings helped and more young birds survived. -
Cedar Waxwings (Bombycilla Cedrorum)
SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Veterinary Medicine International Volume 2010, Article ID 818159, 4 pages doi:10.4061/2010/818159 Case Report Feeding Behavior-Related Toxicity due to Nandina domestica in Cedar Waxwings (Bombycilla cedrorum) Moges Woldemeskel and Eloise L. Styer Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, 43 Brighton Road, Tifton, GA 31793, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Moges Woldemeskel, [email protected] Received 12 August 2010; Revised 1 October 2010; Accepted 5 November 2010 Academic Editor: Guillermo Virkel Copyright © 2010 M. Woldemeskel and E. L. Styer. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dozens of Cedar Waxwings were found dead in Thomas County, Georgia, USA, in April 2009. Five of these were examined grossly and microscopically. Grossly, all the examined birds had pulmonary, mediastinal, and tracheal hemorrhages. Microscopically, several tissues and organs were diffusely congested and hemorrhagic. Congestion and hemorrhage were marked in the lungs. Intact and partly digested berries of Nandina domestica Thunb. were the only ingesta found in the gastrointestinal tract of these birds. Due to their voracious feeding behavior, the birds had eaten toxic doses of N. domestica berries. N. domestica contains cyanide and is one of the few berries readily available at this time of the year in the region. The gross and microscopic findings are consistent with lesions associated with cyanide toxicity. This paper for the first time documents toxicity associated with N. -
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with Birds Observed Off-Campus During BIOL3400 Field Course
Birds of the East Texas Baptist University Campus with birds observed off-campus during BIOL3400 Field course Photo Credit: Talton Cooper Species Descriptions and Photos by students of BIOL3400 Edited by Troy A. Ladine Photo Credit: Kenneth Anding Links to Tables, Figures, and Species accounts for birds observed during May-term course or winter bird counts. Figure 1. Location of Environmental Studies Area Table. 1. Number of species and number of days observing birds during the field course from 2005 to 2016 and annual statistics. Table 2. Compilation of species observed during May 2005 - 2016 on campus and off-campus. Table 3. Number of days, by year, species have been observed on the campus of ETBU. Table 4. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during the off-campus trips. Table 5. Number of days, by year, species have been observed during a winter count of birds on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Table 6. Species observed from 1 September to 1 October 2009 on the Environmental Studies Area of ETBU. Alphabetical Listing of Birds with authors of accounts and photographers . A Acadian Flycatcher B Anhinga B Belted Kingfisher Alder Flycatcher Bald Eagle Travis W. Sammons American Bittern Shane Kelehan Bewick's Wren Lynlea Hansen Rusty Collier Black Phoebe American Coot Leslie Fletcher Black-throated Blue Warbler Jordan Bartlett Jovana Nieto Jacob Stone American Crow Baltimore Oriole Black Vulture Zane Gruznina Pete Fitzsimmons Jeremy Alexander Darius Roberts George Plumlee Blair Brown Rachel Hastie Janae Wineland Brent Lewis American Goldfinch Barn Swallow Keely Schlabs Kathleen Santanello Katy Gifford Black-and-white Warbler Matthew Armendarez Jordan Brewer Sheridan A. -
L O U I S I a N A
L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS Written by Bill Fontenot and Richard DeMay Photography by Greg Lavaty and Richard DeMay Designed and Illustrated by Diane K. Baker What is a Sparrow? Generally, sparrows are characterized as New World sparrows belong to the bird small, gray or brown-streaked, conical-billed family Emberizidae. Here in North America, birds that live on or near the ground. The sparrows are divided into 13 genera, which also cryptic blend of gray, white, black, and brown includes the towhees (genus Pipilo), longspurs hues which comprise a typical sparrow’s color (genus Calcarius), juncos (genus Junco), and pattern is the result of tens of thousands of Lark Bunting (genus Calamospiza) – all of sparrow generations living in grassland and which are technically sparrows. Emberizidae is brushland habitats. The triangular or cone- a large family, containing well over 300 species shaped bills inherent to most all sparrow species are perfectly adapted for a life of granivory – of crushing and husking seeds. “Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Sparrows possess well-developed claws on their toes, the evolutionary result of so much time spent on the ground, scratching for seeds only seven species breed here...” through leaf litter and other duff. Additionally, worldwide, 50 of which occur in the United most species incorporate a substantial amount States on a regular basis, and 33 of which have of insect, spider, snail, and other invertebrate been recorded for Louisiana. food items into their diets, especially during Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Opposite page: Bachman Sparrow the spring and summer months. -
Wood Warblers of Lake County (Field Guide)
Wood of Lake County An educational wildlife pamphlet provided by the Lake County Public Resources Department Parks & Trails Division 2 The Lake County Public Resources Department, Parks & Trails Division, manages more than three dozen parks, preserves and boat ramps. Lake County park rangers lead regularly scheduled nature in some of these parks. In partnership with the Lake County hikes, bird and butterfly surveys and other outdoor adventures Water Authority, Parks & Trails also schedules guided paddling adventures. For a listing of Lake County parks and events, call 352-253-4950, email [email protected] or visit Forwww.lakecountyfl.gov/parks. more information about birds that can be seen in Lake County, or bookstores. Information on birds is also available online at the check out a field guide to birds available at many local libraries Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, www.birds.cornell.edu. Bird watchers in Florida tend to bring a little more on their trips than their Northern peers. While the average temperature in Lake County is a mild 72°F, the summer months in Central Florida can be steamy. Outside enthusiasts are always encouraged to carry sunscreen to protect skin from sunburn, insect repellent to ward off mosquitoes and plenty of water to avoid dehydration. Sunscreen should be 15 SPF or higher and applied 20 minutes before. 3 Park rangers recommend these six popular comprehensive guides: • A Field Guide to the Birds, Eastern and Central North America (Fourth Edition, 1980, Roger Tory Peterson) • Stokes Field Guide to Birds, Eastern Region (First Edition, 1996, Donald and Lillian Stokes) • All the Birds of North America (First Edition, 1997, The American Bird Conservancy) • Field Guide to the Birds of North America (Fourth Edition, 2002, The National Geographic Society) • Focus Guide to the Birds of North America (First Edition, 2000, Kenn Kaufman) • The Sibley Guide to Birds (First Edition, 2000, David Allen Sibley) Insect repellent should contain DEET.