DOCSLIB.ORG

Bibliography Bibliography

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bibliography Bibliography BIBLIOGRAPHY BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources A. Gazetteers Bengal District Gazetteer, B. Volume, Malda District Statistics 1921-22 to 1930-31, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1933. Bengal District Gazetteers, Darjeeling by O'Malley L.S.S., Calcutta, 1907 Bengal District Gazetteers, Darjeeling, by Dash A.J., Bengal Government Press, Ali pore, Bengal, 1947 Bengal District Gazetteers, Maida, by Lambourn, G.E., The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1918. Bengal District Gazetteers, Purnia, by O'Malley L.S.S., Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1911. Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers, Jalpaiguri, by Gruning, J.F., Allahabad, 1911 Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers, Rangpur, J.A. Vass (ed), Allahabad, 1911 Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers, Dacca, by Allan B.C., Allahabad, 1912 Eastern Bengal District Gazetteers, Dinajpur, by Strong, F.W., Allahabad, 1912 Imperial Gazetteer of India, provincial series, Bengal, Vo1.2, Published by Usha Jain, Usha Publication, Daryaganj, New Delhi, 1984. West Bengal District Gazetteers, Koch Bihar by Majumdar, Durgadas, Government of West Bengal, 1977. West Bengal District Gazetteers, Malda, by Sengupta J.C., Government of West Bengal, 1969. West Bengal District Gazetteers, West Dinajpur, by Sengupta, J.C. Government of West Bengal, 1965 West Bengal District Gazetteers: Darjeeling by Dey Barun and others, Calcutta, 1980 317 West Bengal District Gazetteers: Jalpaiguri by Dey Barun and others, Calcutta, 1981 B. Published Reports and Accounts A Statistical Account of Bengal, Vol. VII and X by Hunter, W.W., Trubner and Company, London, 1876. Annual Administrative Report of Cooch Behar State for the year 1887-88, 1888-89, 1901-02, 1903-04, 1911-12, Cooch Behar State Press. Bengal Board of Revenue, Price lists of Staple food crops in the local areas of Bengal, prepared under section 39(1) of the Bengal Tenancy Act, VIII of 1885 for the year 1899 and 1922, Bengal Secretariat Press, 1900 and 1923 respectively. Bengal Financial Statement for the year 1916-1917, 1918-1919 and 1920- 1921, Bengal Secretariat press, Calcutta. Bengal Legislative Council proceedings, Official Report, Vol.37, Thirty Seven Session, 20th July - 4th August, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, 1931. Bengal Politics, Documents of the Raj, Vol.!, 1936-39, Editors, Rahim Enayetur and Rahim Joyce. L. University Press Limited, First Published, November, 1996 Census of India 1921, Vol-V, Bengal and Sikkim, Part- III Administrative Volume by Thompson. W.H, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1923. Detailed Report of the Dooars planters Association, for the year 1917, Printed by J.N.Majumdar, at the Royal Printing Works Ltd, Jalpaiguri, 1918. Detailed Report of the General Committee of the Dooars Planters' Association for the year 1920, Catholic Orphan Press, Calcutta, 1921. Detailed Report of the Indian Tea Planters' Association, Jalpaiguri, for the year 1928, with Proceedings of the Annual General Meeting, Printed by J. Majumdar, at the Royal Printing Works Ltd., Jalpaiguri, 1929. 318 Detailed Report of the Indian Tea Planters' Association, Jalpaiguri, for the year 1930, with Proceedings of the Annual General Meeting, Printed by J. Majumdar, at the Royal Printing Works Ltd., Jalpaiguri, 1931. District Census Report, Report on the Census of the District of Darjeeling,1891, dt. the 15th Mar ch 1892,Government of Bengal, Financial Department. District Census Report, Report on the Census of the District of Dinajpur, 1891, dt. the 4th May 1892, No.- 500J, The Secretariat of the Government of Bengal, Financial Department. District Census Report, Report on the Census of the District of Jalpaiguri, 1891, dt. the 18th March, No.-387 J. Government of Bengal, Financial Department. District Census Report, Report on the Census of the District of Malda, dt. the 15th March 1892, Government of Bengal, Financial Department. Divisional Annual Administrative Report for Rajshahi and Cooch Behar 1879-80, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1881. Divisional Annual Administrative Report for Rajshahi and Coochbehar 1879- 80, Bengal Secretariat press , Calcutta, 1881. Draft Report, Report of the Bengal Jute Enquiry Committee, Department of Agriculture and Industries, Govemment of Bengal, Bengal Government Press, Alipore, 1940. Final Report of the Darjeeling Terai Settlement, by Dutta, Sasi Bhusan, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1898. Final Report of the Rangpur Survey Settelment operations 1931-1938, Government of Bengal by Hartly, Arthur Coulton, Superintendent, Government Printing, Bengal Government press, Alipore, Bengal, 1940. Final Report on the Survey and Settlement of the Kalimpong Government Estate in the District of Darjeeling, 1901-1903, by Bell, C.A., Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1905. 319 Final Report on the Survey and Settlement operations in the Darjeeling Terai, 1919-1925, by Mitra Babu Jogesh Chandra, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, 1927. Final Report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the District of Dinajpur 1934-40, by Bell, F.O. Bengal Government Press, Alipore, 1941. Final Report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the District of Malda, 1928-35 by Carter, M.O., Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1938. Final Report on the Survey and Settlement Operations in the Jalpaiguri District 1906-16, by Milligan J.A., Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1919. Further Report on the working of the Jute futures and Hession futures markets in Calcutta and on the organization of the jute markets in Bengal, by Todd, John. A, Government Printing, Alipore, 1944. General Report on Jute in Bengal for 1904-05, by Finlow Robert. S., Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1906. Proceedings of the Bengal Legislative Council, Index to Vol.LII, January to December, 1920, Published by Authority of the Council, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1921. Proceedings of the Bengal Legislative Council, Thirty- Sixth Session, 1931, 9th to 13th and 16th to 18th February, 1931, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1931. Proceedings of the Bengal Legislative Council, Vol.36, No.3, 36th Session, lOth to 21st, 23rd to 28th and 30th March, 1931, Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1931. Proceedings of the Meeting of the Board of the Agriculture Department of Bengal- 1920, Bengal Secretariat press, Calcutta, 1920. Report of the AD HOC COMMITTEE ON TEA, 1950, Government of India, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Published under the authority of v4V the Government of India by the Central Tea Board, 27 and 29, Brabourne Road, Calcutta, 1950. Report of the Bengal Jute Enquiry Committee, Bengal Government Press, Alipore, 1939. Report of the Bengal Jute Enquiry Committee, Vol.I, by Fawcus L.R., Bengal Government Press, Alipore, Bengal 1940. Report of the Bengal Jute Enquiry Committee, Vol.II, Evidence, Bengal Government Press, Alipore, Bengal, 1934. Report of the Bengal Paddy and Rice Enquiry Committee, Vol.1, Chairman Carbery, M., Bengal Government Press, Alipore, Bengal, 1940. Report of the Bengal Provincial Banking Enquiry Committee, 1929-30, Volume-1, Report, Calcutta, Bengal Government Press, 1930. Report of the Bengal Provincial Banking Enquiry Committee, 1929-30, Volume-II, Evidence, Part-I, Calcutta, Bengal Government Press, 1930. Report of the Census of Bengal, Administrative Vol- 1901, by Gait, G.A., Bengal Secretariat press, Calcutta, 1902. Report of the Census of India,1911,Vol - 1, Part-I, by Gait, G.A., Bengal Secretariat press, Calcutta, 1913. Report of the Committee of Calcutta Bale Jute Association 1918-19, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1920. Report of the Indian Central Jute Committee, World Consumption of Jute 1938-39 and 1939-40, Calcutta, 1941. Report on Bootan, by Captain. Pemberton, R. Boileau, Sagnik Book, 2nd Reprint, Calcutta,2005 Report on Darjeeling, Selections from the Records of the Bengal Government, No.XVII, by Jackson W.B., Calcutta Gazette Office, Calcutta, 1854. 321 Report on Inland Emigration, Darjeeling, the 13th Oct.l923, Resolution No.- 1362TR, by Gourlay, C.A., The Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, 1923. Report on the Administration of Bengal for the year 1881-82, 1882-83, 1886-87, 1891-92, 1892-93, 1896-97, 1898-99, 1903-04, 1905-06, 1921-22, 1929-30, 1930-31, 1933-34. Bengal Secretariat Press and Bengal Secretariat Book Depot, Calcutta, respectively. Report on the Cultivation and Curing of tobacco in Bengal, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1874. Report on the Cultivation and preparation of tobacco in India by Watson, Forbes, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1871. Report on the Cultivation and trade in Jute in Bengal, by Kerr, Hem Chunder, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1877. Report on the marketing of tobacco in India and Burma, Menager of Publication, Delhi, 1939. Report on the Production of tobacco in India, by O'Connor J.E., Government of India, Department of Agriculture, Revenue and Commerce, Calcutta, 1873. Report: The Bengal Chamber of Commerce and Industry 1853-1953, A Centenary Survey by Tyson. N.G., Calcutta, 1953. Selected papers on Enquiry into Deterioration of Jute 1903-04, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1904. Survey and Settlement of the Western Dooars in the Jalpaiguri District 1889-95 by Sunder D.H.E., Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, 1895. The Bengal Jute Regulation Ordinance 1939, Bengal Ordinance No.III of 1939, Government of Bengal, Legislative Department, Bengal Government Press, Alipore, Calcutta, 1939. The Bengal Raw Jute futures Ordinance, 1939, Bengal Ordinance, No.1 of 1939, Bengal Government Press, Alipore,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Land Tenures in Cooch Behar District, West Bengal: a Study of Kalmandasguri Village Ranjini Basu*
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Land Tenures in Cooch Behar District, West Bengal: A Study of Kalmandasguri Village Ranjini Basu* Abstract: This paper describes and analyses changes in land tenure in Cooch Behar district, West Bengal. It does so by focussing on land holdings and tenures in one village, Kalmandasguri. The paper traces these changes from secondary historical material, oral accounts, and from village-level data gathered in Kalmandasguri in 2005 and 2010. Specifically, the paper studies the following four interrelated issues: (i) land tenure in the princely state of Cooch Behar; (ii) land tenure in pre-land-reform Kalmandasguri; (iii) the implementation and impact of land reform in Kalmandasguri; and (iv) the challenges ahead with respect to the land system in Kalmandasguri. The paper shows that an immediate, and dramatic, consequence of land reform was to establish a vastly more equitable landholding structure in Kalmandasguri. Keywords: Kalmandasguri, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, sharecropping, princely states, history of land tenure, land reform, village studies, land rights, panel study. Introduction This paper describes and analyses changes in land tenure in Cooch Behar district, West Bengal.1 It does so by focussing on land holdings and tenures in one village, Kalmandasguri.2 The paper traces these changes by drawing from secondary historical material, oral accounts, and from village-level data gathered in Kalmandasguri in 2005 and 2010. Peasant struggle against oppressive tenures has, of course, a long history in the areas that constitute the present state of West Bengal (Dasgupta 1984, Bakshi 2015). * Research Scholar, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, [email protected] 1 Cooch Behar is spelt in various ways.
    [Show full text]
  • An Empirical Study of Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India Dulon Sarkar
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE): E-Journals Research on Humanities and Social Sciences www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1719 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2863 (Online) Vol 2, No.9, 2012 Status of Rural Women, Left Behind for Male Labour Circulation: an Empirical Study of Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India Dulon Sarkar Research Scholar (UGC NET), Department of Geography, Visva-Bharati, Santineketan, West Bengal, India, *Email of corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Circulation, being a typical component of migration creates dynamic and complex social process through the constant interaction with economic, demographic, social and political elements of a particular society in a space time lattice. The term ‘circulation’ refers to temporary cyclical movement of a person or a group of person with no declared intention of permanent change of residence. It always ends in the place of origin. The study area, Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, India ranked 11 out of 19 districts (HDR, 2004) of West Bengal proves its incredible backwardness in every aspect. Inadequate employment opportunity due to industrial backwardness, inherited fragmented landholdings, minimum returns from agricultural activities, growing price of necessary commodities and increasing consumerist ideology have compelled simple rural male of the district to migrate in search of work elsewhere. In rural society of Cooch Behar district; women generally participate in food processing, child care, nursing, gossiping, and intensive agricultural task as helper. Temporary absence of man affects social status and life style of the women who are left behind both positively and negatively.
    [Show full text]
  • Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement by Dr
    Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: D History Archaeology & Anthropology Volume 14 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2014 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement By Dr. Anil Kumar Sarkar ABN Seal College, India Introduction- The present Darjeeling District was formed in 1866 where Kalimpong was transformed to the Darjeeling District. It is to be noted that during Bhutanese regime Kalimpong was within the Western Duars. After the Anglo-Bhutanese war 1866 Kalimpong was transferred to Darjeeling District and the western Duars was transferred to Jalpaiguri District of the undivided Bengal. Hence the Darjeeling District was formed with the ceded territories of Sikkim and Bhutan. From the very beginning both Darjeeling and Western Duars were treated excluded area. The population of the Darjeeling was Composed of Lepchas, Nepalis, and Bhotias etc. Mech- Rajvamsis are found in the Terai plain. Presently, Nepalese are the majority group of population. With the introduction of the plantation economy and developed agricultural system, the British administration encouraged Nepalese to Settle in Darjeeling District. It appears from the census Report of 1901 that 61% population of Darjeeling belonged to Nepali community. GJHSS-D Classification : FOR Code : 120103 Gorkha Identity and Separate Statehood Movement Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2014. Dr. Anil Kumar Sarkar. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 the District of Cooch Behar 6.1. a Profile of the District : 6.1.1
    Chapter 6 The District of Cooch Behar 6.1. A profile of the District : The district of Coach Behar having an area of 3,368 square kilometer and 21,58169 populatioi1 accoi·ding to 1991 census is an industrially backward zone. Most of the people belong to the economically weaker sections and backward communities who suffer from deep socio-economic misbalance of devel9pment. Situated in the north and north-east of the state of West Bengal in India, the district of Coo~h Behar finds itself the gateway to the state of Assam, with two neighbouring countries like Bhutan in the north and Bangladesh in the South. 6.1.1 The plight of the people in Cooch Behar deserves special attention for more than one reason. The district is washed by more or less 22 rivers, which multiply the sorrows of the rural re'ople as the rivers frequently change courses thereby causing floods and devastations. There is dumping of sand by the riverside, frequent soil erosion wipitg the irrigated land and affecting the agricultural economy and ch~'elling places of the rural people. 6.1.2. The district is predominantly rural. 92.32 percent of the population of the district lives in the villages. The people of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are 52 percent. Agriculture forms the principal source of income. But the production is traditional. There is lack of.irrigation facilities. 107 There are no large, medium or agro-related industries in ·the district. Among the people, only 32.15 percent belong to the workers. There is no regulated common market for the farmers producing the principal agricultural crops like jute ·and tobacco.
    [Show full text]
  • Cooch Behar Marriage Controversy: a History Of
    Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Issn No : 1006-7930 COOCH BEHAR MARRIAGE CONTROVERSY: A HISTORY OF BRAHMO-HINDU MARRIAGE Prosenjit Ray Doctoral Fellow, Department of History, Raiganj Unversity, West Bengal, India Lecturer, Department of History, Sitalkuchi College, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India, email: [email protected] Absract: The Cooch Behar marriage is most debatable chapter in the history Brahmo Samaj. Maharani Suniy Devee was the dauther of Brahmo leader Keshab Chndra Sen. She was marriaed to Maharaja (king) Nripendra Narayan Bhup Bahadur, Cooch Behar State in 1878. Due to this marriage Keshab Chandra Sen had to face so criticm in and out of his Samaj that he had to lose his image. In the marriage traditional Hindu rites and Brahmo faith both were followed. As a result of this marriage the Calcuttan culture entered in the royal family and its advent helped in Volume XII, Issue III, 2020 Page No: 4025 Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Issn No : 1006-7930 the spread of Brahmo faith in the State (Cooch Behar). On the other, due to this mariage the Brahmo Samaj was bifercuted into groups. Key words: Cooch Behar, Marriage, Sunity Devee, Brahmos, The most popular king of Cooch Behar State was Maharaja Nripendra Narayan Bhup Bahadur (1863-1911). During his reign the State saw socio-cultural changes. During his kingship the Cooch Behar Marriage was a most vital and debatable chapter in the history of Brahmo Samaj of India as well as in the renaissance movemnt in India. The royal family of Cooch Behar State belonged to Koch by caste and the members of the family believed in Brahmin culture before the Cooch behar Marriage in 1878 CE.
    [Show full text]
  • BAPPA SARKAR Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Dinhata
    BAPPA SARKAR Bappa Sarkar Assistant Professor of Geography at Dinhata College, Cooch Behar, has completed his graduation from Cooch Behar in 2007 and secured 1 st class 1 st in Geography. He completed his master degree (2009) from Department of Geography and Applied Geography, NBU with 1 st class 2 nd . He was awarded National Scholarship for his academic excellence. He is now pursuing Ph.D from NBU. He has participated various professional training of RS and GIS from NRSC, Hyderabad and IIRS, Dehradun. He has participated in many National and International Seminar and Published 4 articles in National and 1 in International Journal/ Edited volume (till December 2015). His area of interest includes Cartography, RS& GIS and Agricultural Geography. Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Dinhata College P.O- Dinhata Dist-Cooch Behar, State- West Bengal, Pin-736135 Email: [email protected] [email protected] Educational Qualifications: A) Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D): Currently pursuing at Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Supervisor: Dr. Ranjan Roy B) Date of Joining: 04/12/2012 ACCADEMIC QUALIFICATION QUALIFICATION BOARD/ SUBJECT YEAR OF UNIVERSIT PASSING Y M.P BENG,ENG, WBBSE MATH,BIO,PHY.GE 2002 O,HIST H.S BENG, ENG, GEO, WBCHSE HIST, Pol.Sc, SANS, 2004 Biosc NORTH B.A GEOGRAPHY(H), BENGAL 2007 POLS,HIST UNIVERSITY M.Sc NORTH GEOGRAPHY With BENGAL CARTOGRAPHY 2009 UNIVERSITY Special Paper With Geography B.ED NSOU 2014 Method Paper Ph.D Course NBU GEOGRAPHY 2011-2012 Work NET 2010, UGC GEOGRAPHY DECEMBER ii) Articles /Chapters published in Books SL Title with Page No Journal / Book ISSN/ISBN Year No.
    [Show full text]
  • Census of India 1951
    CENSUS OF INDIA 1951 VOLUME VI WEST BENGAL, . SIKKIM & CHANDERNAGORE PART lA-REPORT A. MITRA of the Indian Civil Service, Superintendent of Census Operations and )oint Development Commissioner, West Bengal PuBLISHED BY THE MANAGER OF PUBLICATIONS, DELHI PRDftii:D By THE GoVERNMENT OF INDIA PRESS, CALCUTTA, INDIA, l953, Price : Rs. 18-4 or 19 sh. FEw PEOPLE ouTSIDE realise that census is an administrative operation of great dimensions and, in addition, it is a scientific process. ·Indian census, in particular, covers the largest population in the world and it is also one of the most economical administrative operations. Census as an institution goes back to the remote past, but• it is no longer a mere counting of heads ; it involves extraction of information which plays a vital· role in the determination of many of our administrative policies. The facts elicited during the course of this operation yield valuable ·scientific data of sociological importance. In many matters it provides a useful guide for the effectiveness or otherwise of our economic policies. The · theory of population is iii ifself an interesting part· of economics. The census helps us to test ·and adapt that theory to .facts. There is also another significant advantage which I should like to stress. Census affords an opportunity for Government to reach every home ·throughout the length and breadth of this country ; little hamlets in far off jungles or perched .on mountain tops alike feel with prosperous and easily accessible townships the beat and throb of a pulsating administration. It is also· one of the greatest achievements of honorary endeavour ; for instance, the process of enumeration would involve visits by over a million honorary ·enumerators to about 64 million homes inhabiting 350 million .
    [Show full text]
  • 211 SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSITION of the MUSLIMS in COOCH BEHAR from the REIGN of the KOCH KINGS to MODERN AGE Jahirul Haque
    International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities (IJIRAH) Impact Factor: 4.675, ISSN (Online): 2456 - 3145 (www.dvpublication.com) Volume 2, Issue 1, 2017 SOCIO-CULTURAL TRANSITION OF THE MUSLIMS IN COOCH BEHAR FROM THE REIGN OF THE KOCH KINGS TO MODERN AGE Jahirul Haque Assistant Professor, Department of History, Alipurduar College (Government Sponsored), West Bengal Cite This Article: Jahirul Haque, “Socio-Cultural Transition of the Muslims in Cooch Behar from the Reign of the Koch Kings to Modern Age”, International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities, Volume 2, Issue 1, Page Number 211-216, 2017. Abstract: Cooch Behar was one of the mighty kingdom in the political map of India. From the time immemorial Cooch Behar has been a part of Indian culture. The Cooch kingdom which was founded by Biswasingha in 1515 has become a district of West Bengal since 1st January 1950. The arrival of the Muslims in the Cooch Behar State took place in the beginning of the 13th century. The several Muslim invasions of the Mughal and Pathan rulers and the contribution of the Pirs and Fakirs had contributed in the spread of Islam in this region. A large section of indigenous Hindu population converted in Islam. The Muslims are very close with the Hindu population. Without the difference of religious faiths there are various similarities in occupants, culture and tradition between the Hindus and Muslims in Cooch Behar. The Muslims are the son of the soil Cooch Behar. They are significantly segmented in to certain social groups of varied background.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Download
    Culture survival for the indigenous communities with reference to North Bengal, Rajbanshi people and Koch Bihar under the British East India Company rule (1757-1857) Culture survival for the indigenous communities (With Special Reference to the Sub-Himalayan Folk People of North Bengal including the Rajbanshis) Ashok Das Gupta, Anthropology, University of North Bengal, India Short Abstract: This paper will focus on the aspect of culture survival of the local/indigenous/folk/marginalized peoples in this era of global market economy. Long Abstract: Common people are often considered as pre-state primitive groups believing only in self- reliance, autonomy, transnationality, migration and ancient trade routes. They seldom form their ancient urbanism, own civilization and Great Traditions. Or they may remain stable on their simple life with fulfillment of psychobiological needs. They are often considered as serious threat to the state instead and ignored by the mainstream. They also believe on identities, race and ethnicity, aboriginality, city state, nation state, microstate and republican confederacies. They could bear both hidden and open perspectives. They say that they are the aboriginals. States were in compromise with big trade houses to counter these outsiders, isolate them, condemn them, assimilate them and integrate them. Bringing them from pre-state to pro-state is actually a huge task and you have do deal with their production system, social system and mental construct as well. And till then these people love their ethnic identities and are in favour of their cultural survival that provide them a virtual safeguard and never allow them to forget about nature- human-supernature relationship: in one phrase the way of living.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal (A Sub-Himalayan Tract) Edited by Publish by Global Vision Publishing House Sukhbilas Barma
    Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal (A Sub-Himalayan Tract) Edited by Publish by Global Vision Publishing House Sukhbilas Barma The Hitasadhani Sabha— Power Struggle by the ‘Cooch Beharis’ Ananda Gopal Ghosh THE EMERGENCE of the Hitasadhani Sabha, an ethno-linguistic based political group or association was an important episode in the closing phase of the princely state of Cooch Behar. It emerged in the most critical phase of its history, and played a very significant role in shaping the fate of the lonely pricely state of Bengal. What was more important is that the majority of the ’Cooch Behari’ people were emotionally associated with the Hitasadhani Sabha. Its popularity was almost overwhelming. But the funny situation is that neither the non-Cooch Beharis, nor the Bengalees of the surrounding areas did like the Hitasadhani Sabha’s aims and actions. Until now, no serious attempt has been made by any academician or non-academician to unfold the rise and decline of the Hitasadhani Sabha in the peculiar ethno-linguistic and social hierarchy of this tiny princely state. Both the antagonists and protagonists of the Hitasadhani Sabha had not written any memoirs on this tumultuous phase barring Hemanta Kumar Roy Barma, a high-official of the princely state as well as the ‘son of the soil’. This silence is 84 Socio-Political Movements in North Bengal unhistorical and also irrational. As a disciple of Clio, we cannot support this type of unhistorical attitude of the onlookers or the participants of the Hitasadhani Sabha. This behaviour of the contemporaries has deprived the scholars and researchers of the regional history on area studies from carrying out research on this most important issue of the history of northern North Bengal and western Assam.
    [Show full text]
  • Udyog Samachar
    MSME-Development Institute Kolkata Vol: VIII, July 2019 Udyami Bangla Vol: VIII, July 2019 2 Udyami Bangla Vol: VIII, July 2019 From the Desk of Director: Both population growth and decline have their challenges and advantages. India faces a Herculean task providing basic amenities of life to its people—food, shelter, healthcare and education. Our record on eradicating poverty and providing greater equality has been abysmal. But the youth bulge, a feature of huge populations, has been advantageous giving India the workforce required for the development of the country. We need to design activities and interventions for this. India must plan ahead in time, knowing that the country’s consumption will reduce and health care and social security expenditure will grow as the country ages. Swachhta Action Plan is a milestone initiative in mainstreaming Swachhta elements across all sectors of the Government in an elaborate, accountable, and sustained manner to realize the Swachh Bharat of Prime Minister's vision and Gandhiji's dream However, as India grows older due to increasing life expectancy and falling fertility rates major challenges will emerge We are also looking at a triple whammy of climate change, overuse of underground water, and water-heavy lifestyle choices disrupting our water availability. We need urgent measures including mandatory rainwater harvesting, penalties for water wastage, disincentivizing water-intensive agricultural crops, and shifting to conservation tools. I strongly believe our generation and future generation are working together to find out best solutions. Ajoy Bandopadhyaya Content A. Director’s Message 03 B. Editorial 04 C. Success Stories 05 D. AV Space 07 E.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    INTRODUCTION The northern most region of the state of West Bengal is known as North Bengal. The six districts that comprise of North Bengal are Darjeeling, jalpaiguri, Coach Behar,. Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Maida. (Fig. 0.1) North Bengal lies between 27° 13'- 24° 40' 20" North Latitude and 89° 5' 35" East Longitudes. North Bengal is bounded by the river Ganga in the south, the state of Bihar and Nepal in the West, Sikkim and Bhutan in the North and Assam and B~mgladesh in the east. Total area ofNorth Bengal is 21854 square kilometers, which· is 24.62 percent ofthe total area ofthe state of West Bengal. Jalpaiguri commands the largest area and Coach Behar is the smallest district of North Bengal. North Bengal is a region of great physical inequalities with varied geological and topographical features. The great differences in relief have brought about differences in climate, natural vegetation, drainage and soil character, which ultimately influence the agricultural practices ofNorth Bengal. The northern most part of the Darjeeling district is a mountainous region situated on the Himalayan chains. Jalpaiguri and Coach Behar are characterized by their mixed. hill and plain landscape. The southern districts, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and . Maida are completely riverine plains. Other plain areas comprise of southern parts of Coach Behar, Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling district. Historical Background The historical background of North Bengal is very interesting. The tract of Darj eeling which is now the northern most district of North Bengal remained for a long time as a .. part of Sikkim. Captain Llyod who was in Government mission to deal with the 1 border dispute between Sikkim and Nepal in 1829 , was over-whelmed by its natural 1 Dash.
    [Show full text]