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Russia's Posture in Space
Russia’s Posture in Space: Prospects for Europe Executive Summary Prepared by the European Space Policy Institute Marco ALIBERTI Ksenia LISITSYNA May 2018 Table of Contents Background and Research Objectives ........................................................................................ 1 Domestic Developments in Russia’s Space Programme ............................................................ 2 Russia’s International Space Posture ......................................................................................... 4 Prospects for Europe .................................................................................................................. 5 Background and Research Objectives For the 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik-1, in 2007, the rebirth of Russian space activities appeared well on its way. After the decade-long crisis of the 1990s, the country’s political leadership guided by President Putin gave new impetus to the development of national space activities and put the sector back among the top priorities of Moscow’s domestic and foreign policy agenda. Supported by the progressive recovery of Russia’s economy, renewed political stability, and an improving external environment, Russia re-asserted strong ambitions and the resolve to regain its original position on the international scene. Towards this, several major space programmes were adopted, including the Federal Space Programme 2006-2015, the Federal Target Programme on the development of Russian cosmodromes, and the Federal Target Programme on the redeployment of GLONASS. This renewed commitment to the development of space activities was duly reflected in a sharp increase in the country’s launch rate and space budget throughout the decade. Thanks to the funds made available by flourishing energy exports, Russia’s space expenditure continued to grow even in the midst of the global financial crisis. Besides new programmes and increased funding, the spectrum of activities was also widened to encompass a new focus on space applications and commercial products. -
Emirates Mars Mission Countdown Starts
Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 07/06/2020 5:05:13 PM Emirates Mars Mission Countdown Starts Mors Hope Probe to Launch in 10 Days Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 6 July 2020 - The Emirates Mars Mission, the first interplanetary exploration undertaken by an Arab nation, today confirmed the launch of its Mars Hope Probe in 10 days - on the 15 July 2020 at 5.51am (JST) / 14 July 2020 at 4:51am (EST) from Tanegashima Space Center in Kagoshima Prefecture, southwestern Japan, on a Mitsubishi MH-IIA rocket. The launch will be livestreamed at http://www.emm.ae/live. The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) will send the Mars Hope probe on a 495,000,000km journey to reach and orbit the Red Planet in February 2021. Hope aims to build the first full picture of Mars' climate throughout the Martian year. "The launch of Mars Hope comes at the end of a six-year journey of development by the team at the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre, an accelerated time frame by interplanetary mission standards. The team has overcome remarkable challenges, not least those presented by the Covid-19 pandemic, but we're all good to go now," said Omran Sharaf, EMM Mission Lead. EMM and the Hope probe are the culmination of a knowledge transfer and development effort started in 2006, which has seen Emirati engineers working with partners around the world to develop the UAE's spacecraft design, engineering and manufacturing capabilities. It is part of a long-term integrated effort to create economic opportunity around leadership in space sciences, research and exploration. -
Nasa As an Instrument of U.S. Foreign Policy
CHAPTER 11 Nasa as an Instrument of U.S. Foreign Policy John Krige as space exploration,and NASA’s role in it in particular,had an effect on society, Hand, if so, on what aspects of it? And how do we measure any such impact? These are challenging questions indeed. The stakeholders in the huge American space program are multiple and include scientists; engineers; research, development, and launch facilities; industry; administrators; and many government agencies, not to speak of Congress and the U.S. taxpayer.The impacts of spaceflight vary widely, from adding to the stockpile of knowledge and stimulating innovation and industry, to training, education, and creating jobs and—if we move beyond the civilian sphere— to enhancing national security and intelligence gathering. And then there are the intangible, difficult to quantify cultural effects that range from inspiring a young girl to become an astronaut to building national pride and prestige in what are, after all, spectacular scientific and technological, managerial, and industrial achievements. This paper briefly considers one small, but I think important and often overlooked, corner of this vast panorama: the place of spaceflight in American foreign policy. I do not simply want to insist that naSa’s international programs have had an important impact as instruments of foreign policy.I also want to suggest that today they have a particularly significant political and cultural role to play in projecting a positive image of American power and American democracy abroad. In a world increasingly torn apart by conflicts over values—conflicts which history teaches us can seldom be resolved by force—i believe we overlook the potential of NASA as an instrument for American foreign policy at our peril. -
Outer Space in Russia's Security Strategy
Outer Space in Russia’s Security Strategy Nicole J. Jackson Simons Papers in Security and Development No. 64/2018 | August 2018 Simons Papers in Security and Development No. 64/2018 2 The Simons Papers in Security and Development are edited and published at the School for International Studies, Simon Fraser University. The papers serve to disseminate research work in progress by the School’s faculty and associated and visiting scholars. Our aim is to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the series should not limit subsequent publication in any other venue. All papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website, www.sfu.ca/internationalstudies. The series is supported by the Simons Foundation. Series editor: Jeffrey T. Checkel Managing editor: Martha Snodgrass Jackson, Nicole J., Outer Space in Russia’s Security Strategy, Simons Papers in Security and Development, No. 64/2018, School for International Studies, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, August 2018. ISSN 1922-5725 Copyright remains with the author. Reproduction for other purposes than personal research, whether in hard copy or electronically, requires the consent of the author(s). If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), the title, the working paper number and year, and the publisher. Copyright for this issue: Nicole J. Jackson, nicole_jackson(at)sfu.ca. School for International Studies Simon Fraser University Suite 7200 - 515 West Hastings Street Vancouver, BC Canada V6B 5K3 Outer Space in Russia’s Security Strategy 3 Outer Space in Russia’s Security Strategy Simons Papers in Security and Development No. -
LFIGP LIFE October 2019 Halloween Safety Tips
LFIGP LIFE October 2019 Halloween Safety Tips Carry a white bag or pillowcase for your candy, and add some reflective tape. Always travel in groups and be sure you have at least one parent with you close by. Don’t visit houses that are not well lit. Never go inside a stranger’s house. Use the sidewalk whenever possible. If there’s no sidewalk, walk on the side of the road facing traffic. Don’t crisscross back and forth across the street. Work your way up one side of the street, and then start on the other. If you have any allergies, tell the person who is giving out the treats. Don’t eat any of your treats before you get home. Once home, ask your parents to look through your treats with you to make sure everything is okay. COSTUME IDEAS The Halloween Party Are you stuck for a Halloween By Kenn Nesbitt costume this year? Don’t worry We’re having a Halloween party at school. we have put together a list of I’m dressed up like Dracula. Man, I look cool! some great costumes for you! I dyed my hair black, and I cut off my bangs. Witch I’m wearing a cape and some fake plastic fangs. Vampire Ghost I put on some makeup to paint my face white, Pirate like creatures that only come out in the night. Princess My fingernails, too, are all pointed and red. Zombie I look like I’m recently back from the dead. Clown Animal My mom drops me off, and I run into school Frankenstein and suddenly feel like the world’s biggest fool. -
Annual Report of S.P
ANNUAL REPORT OF S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE PUBLIC CORPORATION ENERGIA FOR 2019 This Annual Report of S.P.Korolev Rocket and Space Public Corporation Energia (RSC Energia) was prepared based upon its performance in 2019 with due regard for the requirements stated in the Russian Federation Government Decree of December 31, 2010 No. 1214 “On Improvement of the Procedure to Control Open Joint-Stock Companies whose Stock is in Federal Ownership and Federal State Unitary Enterprises”, and in accordance with the Regulations “On Information Disclosure by the Issuers of Outstanding Securities” No. 454-P approved by the Bank of Russia on December 30, 2014 Accuracy of the data contained in this Annual Report, including the Report on the interested-party transactions effected by RSC Energia in 2019, was confirmed by RSC Energia’s Auditing Committee Report as of 01.06.2020. This Annual Report was preliminary approved by RSC Energia’s Board of Directors on August 24, 2020 (Minutes No. 31). This Annual Report was approved at RSC Energia’s General Shareholders’ Meeting on September 28, 2020 (Minutes No 40 of 01.10.2020). 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT RSC ENERGIA ............................. 6 1.1. Company background .........................................................................................................................6 1.2. Period of the Company operation in the industry ...............................................................................6 1.3. Information about the purchase and sale contracts for participating interests, equities, shares of business partnerships and companies concluded by the Company in 2019 ..............................................7 1.4. Information about the holding structure and the organizations involved ...........................................8 2. PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF RSC ENERGIA OPERATION ........................ 11 2.1. -
2020 Defense Space Strategy Summary
DEFENSE SPACE STRATEGY SUMMARY JUNE 2020 Image courtesy of NASA DEFENSE SPACE STRATEGY SUMMARY JUNE 2020 This page left intentionally blank TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ........................................ 1 Desired Conditions .......................................... 2 Strategic Context ............................................ 3 Strategic Approach ........................................ 6 Conclusion....................................................... 10 This page left intentionally blank DEFENSE SPACE STRATEGY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Department of Defense (DoD) is embarking on the most significant transformation in the history of the U.S. national security space program. Space is now a distinct warfighting domain, demanding enterprise-wide changes to policies, strategies, operations, investments, capabilities, and expertise for a new strategic environment. This strategy identifies how DoD will advance spacepower to enable the Department to compete, deter, and win in a complex security environment characterized by great power competition. Space is vital to our Nation’s security, prosperity, and scientific achievement. Space-based capabilities are integral to modern life in the United States and around the world and are an indispensable component of U.S. military power. Ensuring the availability of these capabilities is fundamental to establishing and maintaining military superiority across all domains and to advancing U.S. and global security and economic prosperity. Space, however, is not a sanctuary from attack and space systems are potential targets at all levels of conflict. In particular, China and Russia present the greatest strategic threat due to their development, testing, and deployment of counterspace capabilities and their associated military doctrine for employment in conflict extending to space. China and Russia each have weaponized space as a means to reduce U.S. and allied military effectiveness and challenge our freedom of operation in space. -
U.A.E. Launches First Arab Interplanetary Mission
U.A.E. Launches First Arab Interplanetary Mission Business Council Report Authors U.S. - U.A.E. Business Council The U.S.-U.A.E. Business Council is the premier business organization dedicated to advancing bilateral commercial relations. By leveraging its extensive networks in the United States and in the region, the U.S.-U.A.E. Business Council provides unparalleled access to senior decision makers in business and government with the aim of deepening bilateral trade and investment. usuaebusiness.org Hope Probe Technical Information In yet another milestone for the U.A.E. Space Program, the Emirates Mars Mission “Hope Probe” launched on July 20th 2020 for a 7-month journey to the Red Planet, where it will arrive in February 2021 to coincide with the 50th Anniversary of the U.A.E. as a country. This strategic initiative, which was lb = 2,970 lb first announced by U.A.E. President His Highness Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan and U.A.E. Vice President and Prime Minister His Highness Sheikh 9 feet Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum in 2014, is meant to not just achieve important scientific objectives by furthering understanding of the Martian 24 feet atmosphere but also accelerate the U.A.E.’s development of a knowledge economy and inspire a generation of Emirati and Arab Youth to “dream for the stars.” This impressive feat for a space program in its relative infancy is a testament to the U.A.E.’s visionary leadership, its rapid advances in the field, and the power of partnerships, particularly with the United States. -
Human Spaceflight Plans of Russia, China and India
Presentation to the ASEB Committee on NASA Technology Roadmaps Panel on Human Health and Surface Exploration June 1, 2011 by Marcia S. Smith Space and Technology Policy Group, LLC Russia Extensive experience in human spaceflight First animal in space (1957), first man in space (1961), first woman in space (1963), first spacewalk (1965), first space station (1971) Seven successful space stations (Salyut 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and Mir) before partnering in International Space Station (ISS) No people beyond low Earth orbit (LEO), however For earth orbit, continues to rely on Soyuz, first launched in 1967, but upgraded many times and is key to ISS operations Designed space shuttle, Buran, but launched only once in automated mode (no crew) in 1988 06-01-2011 2 Russia (2) Existing reliable launch vehicles Proton is largest: 21 tons to LEO; 5.5 tons to geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) Attempts to build Saturn V-equivalent in 1960s and 1970s failed (N1 failed four times in four attempts 1969-1972) Energiya booster in 1980s only flew twice (1987 with Polyus and 1988 with Buran). Abandoned for financial reasons. Was 100 tons to LEO; 18-20 tons to GTO; 32 tons to lunar trajectory. RD-170 engines for Energiya’s strap-ons live on today in other forms for Zenit, Atlas V, and Angara (under development) 06-01-2011 3 Russia (3) Robotic planetary space exploration mixed Excellent success at – Moon (Luna and Lunokhod series, plus Zond circumlunar flights) Venus (Venera series) Halley’s Comet (Vega 1 and 2—also Venus) Jinxed at Mars More than a dozen failures in 1960s - 1970s Partial success with Phobos 2 in 1988 (Phobos 1 failed) Mars 96 failed to leave Earth orbit Phobos-Grunt scheduled for later this year; designed as sample return from Phobos (includes Chinese orbiter) 06-01-2011 4 Russia (4) Grand statements over decades about sending people to the Moon and Mars, but never enough money to proceed. -
Assimilation of EMM-Hope and Mars Lander Observations Into High-Resolution Mesoscale and Local Models Dr.Roland Young, +97137136143, [email protected]
Assimilation of EMM-Hope and Mars lander observations into high-resolution mesoscale and local models Dr.Roland Young, +97137136143, [email protected] Description In 2021 the Emirates Mars Mission (EMM-Hope) will begin surveying the Martian atmosphere, to characterize its lower atmosphere on global scales, measure its geographic, diurnal and seasonal variability, and study the interactions between the lower and upper atmosphere. In this project, we will investigate Mars' lower atmosphere and boundary layer by assimilating data from EMM's thermal infrared instrument EMIRS and from landers and rovers into high-resolution local simulations created using the LMD Mars Mesoscale/Microscale Model, which can be configured as a mesoscale model (MMM) or as a large eddy simulation (LES). Data assimilation is a critical technique in atmospheric science whereby observations are systematically combined with a numerical model to produce complete atmospheric states closer to either model or observations alone. It has been used on Mars with global, low-resolution models for some time, but not yet with high-resolution regional models where the ground topography is well-resolved. This project will first involve adapting an existing Mars data assimilation scheme for the MMM/LES, covering small regions of the planet at high resolution. EMM's unique orbital geometry will provide periodic blanket coverage of atmospheric parameters such as temperatures and aerosol concentrations. In addition, by the time EMM begins taking data there could be as many as four stations with meteorological instrumentation operating on Mars' surface: NASA's Curiosity rover (landed 2012), NASA's Insight lander (landed 2018), NASA's Mars 2020 rover, and ESA/Roscosmos' ExoMars Kazachok lander (both launch 2020). -
Strategy for Human Spaceflight In
Developing the sustainable foundations for returning Americans to the Moon and enabling a new era of commercial spaceflight in low Earth orbit (LEO) are the linchpins of our national human spaceflight policy. As we work to return Americans to the Moon, we plan to do so in partnership with other nations. We will therefore coordinate our lunar exploration strategy with our ISS partners while maintaining and expanding our partnerships in LEO. As we work to create a new set of commercial human spaceflight capabilities, we will enable U.S. commercial enterprises to develop and operate under principles of long-term sustainability for space activity and recognize that their success cannot depend on Federal funding and programs alone. The National Space Council recognized the need for such a national strategy for human spaceflight in LEO and economic growth in space, and in February of 2018, called on NASA, the Department of State, and the Department of Commerce to work together to develop one. This strategy follows the direction established by the Administration through Space Policy Directives 1, 2, and 3, which created an innovative new framework for American leadership by reinvigorating America’s human exploration of the Moon and Mars; streamlining regulations on the commercial use of space; and establishing the first national policy for space traffic management. Our strategy for the future of human spaceflight in LEO and for economic growth in space will operate within the context of these directives. Through interagency dialogue, and in coordination with the Executive Office of the President, we have further defined our overarching goals for human spaceflight in LEO as follows: 1. -
Nd Help Pizza, Pasta & Party with Tal & Roi Local Jewish Teen Stars As
Non-Profit Organization U.S. Postage PAID Norwich, CT 06360 Permit #329 Serving The Jewish Communities of Eastern Connecticut & Western R.I. CHANGE SERVICE RETURN TO: 28 Channing St., New London, CT 06320 REQUESTED VOL. XLV NO. 19 PUBLISHED BI-WEEKLY OCTOBER 11, 2019/12 TISHRI 5780 NEXT DEADLINE OCT. 18, 2019 16 PAGES HOW TO REACH US - PHONE 860-442-8062 • FAX 860-540-1475 • EMAIL [email protected] • BY MAIL: 28 CHANNING STREET, NEW LONDON, CT 06320 Local Jewish Pizza, Pasta & Party teen stars as with Tal & Roi Many people have asked recently if the Jewish Federation will be Anne Frank having its Harvest Supper and Emissary Welcome. We will absolutely be having our Emissary Welcome however, in this year of changes, in- WATERFORDrama, the drama club stead of the Harvest Supper we will have an evening of Pizza, Pasta and at Waterford High School, is proud to Party with the Young Emissaries. Mark your calendars for Thursday, present The Diary of Anne Frank. The Nov. 7 beginning at 6pm at Temple Emanu-El in Waterford. shows will take place Thursday-Sat- We will have salad along with the pizza and pasta and a gluten free urday, October 17 -19 at 7:00pm in alternative. And back by popular demand will be our traditional Har- the Waterford High School Audito- vest Supper Apple Cider and Cider Donuts for dessert and a few other rium. surprises. The show, which kicks off WA- th Some of you may have already met Tal and Roi so come join us for TERFORDrama’s 16 season, features an evening to get to know them even better.