Population, by Nativity and Citizenship Status: Universe: 2018 Resident Population Total Percent of Percent of Population Population Foreign Born U.S

Home , Foreign born

Population, by nativity and citizenship status: Universe: 2018 resident population Total Percent of Percent of population population foreign born U.S. born 282,406,817 86.3 % --- Foreign born 44,760,622 13.7 100.0 % Citizen 22,679,525 6.9 50.7 Non-citizen 22,081,097 6.7 49.3 Total 327,167,439 100.0 % ---

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Foreign born, by region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population

Mexico 11,182,111 25.0 % East and Southeast Asia 8,648,528 19.3 Central Asia 131,854 0.3 South Asia 3,668,982 8.2 Oceania 246,371 0.6 Europe 4,848,270 10.8 Canada and Other North America 827,093 1.8 Caribbean 4,463,891 10.0 Central America 3,590,330 8.0 South America 3,304,380 7.4 Middle East-North Africa 1,784,898 4.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,032,470 4.5 Total 44,760,622 100.0 %

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Country of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population (Countries are listed in descending order of the size of the foreign-born population in each year.)

Mexico ######## 25.0 % Lebanon 126,027 0.3 % Uganda 34,572 0.1 % China 2,861,725 6.4 Spain 117,939 0.3 Switzerland 33,817 0.1 India 2,634,871 5.9 Afghanistan 115,568 0.3 Singapore 33,741 0.1 Philippines 2,008,074 4.5 Syria 110,065 0.2 Azores Islands 32,346 0.1 El Salvador 1,420,399 3.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 107,274 0.2 Lithuania 31,937 0.1 Cuba 1,340,670 3.0 Chile 104,018 0.2 Bahamas 31,529 0.1 Vietnam 1,322,684 3.0 Panama 103,818 0.2 New Zealand 31,207 0.1 Dominican Republic 1,174,729 2.6 Western Africa, other 99,530 0.2 Congo 30,954 0.1 Korea 1,057,487 2.4 South Africa 98,858 0.2 Micronesia 30,572 0.1 Guatemala 1,003,841 2.2 Somalia 96,972 0.2 Europe, other 29,909 0.1

Canada 817,910 1.8 Asia, other 96,205 0.2 Eastern Africa, other 28,316 0.1 Colombia 793,114 1.8 Indonesia 95,405 0.2 Denmark 27,710 0.1 Jamaica 740,745 1.7 Albania 91,196 0.2 Czech Republic 27,675 0.1 Haiti 686,824 1.5 Armenia 89,330 0.2 Kazakhstan 27,605 0.1 Honduras 646,331 1.4 Costa Rica 87,997 0.2 Togo 26,682 0.1 Germany 556,284 1.2 Australia 87,629 0.2 Zimbabwe 26,549 0.1 Brazil 475,559 1.1 Netherlands 87,485 0.2 Macedonia 25,601 0.1 Peru 467,758 1.0 Liberia 86,468 0.2 Antigua & Barbuda 25,254 0.1 Ecuador 440,541 1.0 Jordan 82,492 0.2 St Vincent & The Grenadines 23,543 0.1 Poland 399,908 0.9 Malaysia 80,651 0.2 Latvia 23,502 0.1

Venezuela 398,578 0.9 Saudi Arabia 80,327 0.2 Norway 23,493 0.1 Iran 382,698 0.9 Cameroon 78,750 0.2 Ivory Coast 22,900 0.1 Pakistan 381,192 0.9 Bolivia 77,866 0.2 Azerbaijan 22,087 <0.05 Nigeria 375,887 0.8 Bulgaria 77,569 0.2 Marshall Islands 21,853 <0.05 Russia 372,841 0.8 Morocco 75,801 0.2 West Indies, other 21,590 <0.05 Japan 359,831 0.8 Belarus 72,391 0.2 Algeria 21,058 <0.05 United Kingdom, other 340,272 0.8 Uzbekistan 70,763 0.2 United Arab Emirates 20,411 <0.05 Ukraine 327,409 0.7 Former USSR/Russia, other 69,501 0.2 Finland 19,717 <0.05 Italy 321,001 0.7 Hungary 68,344 0.2 Tanzania 19,401 <0.05 England 293,788 0.7 Bhutan 63,415 0.1 Georgian Rep. 19,133 <0.05

Ethiopia 282,267 0.6 Caribbean, other 63,178 0.1 Paraguay 18,632 <0.05 Guyana 277,521 0.6 Barbados 55,758 0.1 Czechoslovakia 18,462 <0.05 Bangladesh 272,677 0.6 Yemen Arab Republic North 54,116 0.1 Zambia 18,117 <0.05 Thailand 265,877 0.6 Sudan 53,225 0.1 Americas, other 17,628 <0.05 Nicaragua 262,304 0.6 Sri Lanka 52,550 0.1 Rwanda 17,456 <0.05 Iraq 236,900 0.5 Sierra Leone 52,376 0.1 Slovakia 17,343 <0.05 Trinidad & Tobago 219,620 0.5 Scotland 50,919 0.1 Tonga 16,878 <0.05 Egypt 210,740 0.5 Sweden 49,203 0.1 Libya 15,155 <0.05 Ghana 197,411 0.4 Belize 48,012 0.1 Gambia 13,013 <0.05 Argentina 194,654 0.4 Uruguay 47,724 0.1 South Sudan 12,363 <0.05

France 191,412 0.4 Fiji 46,677 0.1 Northern Ireland 12,151 <0.05 Laos 184,103 0.4 Zaire 46,571 0.1 Montenegro 11,877 <0.05 Romania 165,033 0.4 Moldova 45,673 0.1 Samoa 11,555 <0.05 Kenya 150,336 0.3 Grenada 45,236 0.1 Kirghizia 11,399 <0.05 Nepal 148,709 0.3 Eritrea 42,918 0.1 Kosovo 10,450 <0.05 Myanmar 143,033 0.3 Austria 39,863 0.1 Other ns nec 10,429 <0.05 Cambodia 139,712 0.3 Serbia 39,120 0.1 Bermuda 9,183 <0.05 Portugal 139,320 0.3 Croatia 37,156 0.1 Tunisia 8,829 <0.05 Africa, other 137,557 0.3 Belgium 36,801 0.1 South America, other 8,415 <0.05 Israel/Palestine 136,030 0.3 Cape Verde 36,246 0.1 Iceland 4,668 <0.05

Turkey 134,733 0.3 Kuwait 36,087 0.1 Ireland 128,966 0.3 Yugoslavia 35,683 0.1 Greece 126,798 0.3 Dominica 35,215 0.1 Total 44,760,622 100.0 % Note: China includes Taiwan and Hong Kong. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Foreign born, by region of birth and years in the U.S.: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population

0 to 5 years 6 to 10 years 11 to 15 years 16 to 20 years Over 20 years Total Mexico 928,523 775,875 1,485,420 2,238,925 5,753,368 11,182,111 East and Southeast Asia 1,500,243 946,080 926,337 941,610 4,334,258 8,648,528 Central Asia 38,881 21,083 20,612 17,039 34,239 131,854 South Asia 1,148,791 589,390 446,589 470,990 1,013,222 3,668,982 Oceania 61,091 28,265 32,969 34,158 89,888 246,371 Europe 657,376 358,714 414,540 634,284 2,783,356 4,848,270 Canada and Other North America 151,646 67,457 62,946 87,060 457,984 827,093 Caribbean 768,542 576,927 470,081 479,039 2,169,302 4,463,891 Central America 657,604 367,185 559,321 537,020 1,469,200 3,590,330 South America 706,779 292,896 366,750 626,399 1,311,556 3,304,380 Middle East-North Africa 432,957 276,164 183,893 205,151 686,733 1,784,898 Sub-Saharan Africa 547,733 379,302 330,441 303,174 471,820 2,032,470 Total 7,604,617 4,682,422 5,303,157 6,589,503 20,592,223 44,760,622

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Mexico 8.3 % 6.9 % 13.3 % 20.0 % 51.5 % 100.0 % East and Southeast Asia 17.3 10.9 10.7 10.9 50.1 100.0 Central Asia 29.5 16.0 15.6 12.9 26.0 100.0 South Asia 31.3 16.1 12.2 12.8 27.6 100.0 Oceania 24.8 11.5 13.4 13.9 36.5 100.0 Europe 13.6 7.4 8.6 13.1 57.4 100.0 Canada and Other North America 18.3 8.2 7.6 10.5 55.4 100.0 Caribbean 17.2 12.9 10.5 10.7 48.6 100.0 Central America 18.3 10.2 15.6 15.0 40.9 100.0 South America 21.4 8.9 11.1 19.0 39.7 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 24.3 15.5 10.3 11.5 38.5 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 26.9 18.7 16.3 14.9 23.2 100.0 All 17.0 % 10.5 % 11.8 % 14.7 % 46.0 % 100.0 %

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Population, by nativity, race and ethnicity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population Total U.S.-born Foreign-born Percent population population population foreign born Hispanic 59,740,273 39,920,459 19,819,814 33.2 % White alone, not Hispanic 197,034,851 189,122,505 7,912,346 4.0 Black alone, not Hispanic 40,373,281 36,400,987 3,972,294 9.8 Asian alone, not Hispanic 18,225,747 6,183,413 12,042,334 66.1 Other, not Hispanic 11,793,287 10,779,453 1,013,834 8.6 Total 327,167,439 282,406,817 44,760,622 13.7 %

Note: "Other, not Hispanic" includes persons reporting single races not listed separately and persons reporting more than one race. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Racial self-identification, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population TOTAL U.S. BORN FOREIGN BORN One race 315,942,708 96.6 % 272,236,992 96.4 % 43,705,716 97.6 % White 236,102,692 72.2 215,726,882 76.4 20,375,810 45.5 Black or African American 41,683,829 12.7 37,413,425 13.2 4,270,404 9.5 American Indian and Alaska Native 2,826,336 0.9 2,627,659 0.9 198,677 0.4 Asian 18,449,856 5.6 6,352,701 2.2 12,097,155 27.0 Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander 606,987 0.2 460,543 0.2 146,444 0.3 Some other race 16,273,008 5.0 9,655,782 3.4 6,617,226 14.8 Two or more races 11,224,731 3.4 10,169,825 3.6 1,054,906 2.4 Total 327,167,439 100.0 % 282,406,817 100.0 % 44,760,622 100.0 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Language spoken at home and English-speaking ability, by age, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 5 and older

YOUNGER THAN 18 18 AND OLDER LANGUAGE OTHER THAN LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ONLY ENGLISH AT HOME ONLY ENGLISH AT HOME

Only English English English Only English English English spoken at spoken spoken less spoken at spoken spoken less home very well than very well Total home very well than very well Total All U.S. born 41,116,486 8,668,666 1,671,398 51,456,550 ######### 16,587,633 3,192,201 211,670,164 All foreign born 452,448 1,107,205 687,258 2,246,911 6,891,732 15,191,919 20,140,685 42,224,336 Mexico 16,256 244,226 137,943 398,425 487,791 3,032,953 7,217,582 10,738,326 East and Southeast Asia 121,167 147,881 115,086 384,134 1,037,278 3,036,744 4,147,221 8,221,243 Central Asia *** *** *** *** 8,895 47,336 60,286 116,517 South Asia 34,056 136,649 57,318 228,023 344,227 2,078,511 967,613 3,390,351 Oceania 8,200 3,498 2,913 14,611 115,738 72,414 40,928 229,080 Europe 62,363 92,148 33,613 188,124 1,594,949 1,862,683 1,180,177 4,637,809 Canada and Other North America 20,824 11,967 1,099 33,890 635,714 122,047 30,119 787,880 Caribbean 49,245 116,561 72,622 238,428 1,289,561 1,094,819 1,819,189 4,203,569 Central America 31,985 96,468 122,117 250,570 219,561 900,052 2,188,005 3,307,618 South America 15,158 90,360 61,224 166,742 484,966 1,230,081 1,395,572 3,110,619 Middle East-North Africa 13,085 75,659 39,690 128,434 235,587 805,395 599,746 1,640,728 Sub-Saharan Africa 75,297 87,506 37,764 200,567 428,829 892,908 488,489 1,810,226

Total 41,568,934 9,775,871 2,358,656 53,703,461 ######### 31,779,552 23,332,886 253,894,500

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 79.9 % 16.8 % 3.2 % 100.0 % 90.7 % 7.8 % 1.5 % 100.0 % All foreign born 20.1 49.3 30.6 100.0 16.3 36.0 47.7 100.0 Mexico 4.1 61.3 34.6 100.0 4.5 28.2 67.2 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 31.5 38.5 30.0 100.0 12.6 36.9 50.4 100.0 Central Asia *** *** *** *** 7.6 40.6 51.7 100.0 South Asia 14.9 59.9 25.1 100.0 10.2 61.3 28.5 100.0 Oceania 56.1 23.9 19.9 100.0 50.5 31.6 17.9 100.0 Europe 33.1 49.0 17.9 100.0 34.4 40.2 25.4 100.0 Canada and Other North America 61.4 35.3 3.2 100.0 80.7 15.5 3.8 100.0 Caribbean 20.7 48.9 30.5 100.0 30.7 26.0 43.3 100.0 Central America 12.8 38.5 48.7 100.0 6.6 27.2 66.2 100.0 South America 9.1 54.2 36.7 100.0 15.6 39.5 44.9 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 10.2 58.9 30.9 100.0 14.4 49.1 36.6 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 37.5 43.6 18.8 100.0 23.7 49.3 27.0 100.0

All 77.4 % 18.2 % 4.4 % 100.0 % 78.3 % 12.5 % 9.2 % 100.0 %

Note: The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Language spoken at home and English-speaking ability among foreign born, by years in the U.S. and age: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population ages 5 and older

YOUNGER THAN 18 18 AND OLDER LANGUAGE OTHER THAN LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ONLY ENGLISH AT HOME ONLY ENGLISH AT HOME

Only English English English Only English English English spoken at spoken spoken less spoken at spoken spoken less Years in the U.S. home very well than very well Total home very well than very well Total 0 to 5 years 165,501 504,753 540,710 1,210,964 753,725 1,979,107 3,371,446 6,104,278 6 to 10 years 119,925 338,063 102,342 560,330 513,003 1,464,335 2,144,754 4,122,092 11 to 15 years 133,633 233,283 37,201 404,117 567,519 1,801,148 2,530,373 4,899,040 16 to 20 years 33,389 31,106 7,005 71,500 838,119 2,464,942 3,203,642 6,506,703 Over 20 years ------4,219,366 7,482,387 8,890,470 20,592,223

Total 452,448 1,107,205 687,258 2,246,911 6,891,732 15,191,919 20,140,685 42,224,336

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION 0 to 5 years 13.7 % 41.7 % 44.7 % 100.0 % 12.3 % 32.4 % 55.2 % 100.0 % 6 to 10 years 21.4 60.3 18.3 100.0 12.4 35.5 52.0 100.0 11 to 15 years 33.1 57.7 9.2 100.0 11.6 36.8 51.7 100.0 16 to 20 years 46.7 43.5 9.8 100.0 12.9 37.9 49.2 100.0 Over 20 years ------20.5 36.3 43.2 100.0

All 20.1 % 49.3 % 30.6 % 100.0 % 16.3 % 36.0 % 47.7 % 100.0 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Median age in years, by sex, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population

Total Male Female All U.S. born 36 35 37 All foreign born 45 44 46 Mexico 43 43 44 East and Southeast Asia 48 47 48 Central Asia 37 34 40 South Asia 39 39 38 Oceania 42 41 44 Europe 53 51 54 Canada and Other North America 54 53 55 Caribbean 49 47 50 Central America 40 39 42 South America 45 44 46 Middle East-North Africa 43 43 44 Sub-Saharan Africa 38 39 38 All 38 36 39

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries.

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Generations and age, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population

Gen Z Millennial Gen X Boomer Silent/Greatest Adult population (ages 21 and younger) (ages 22-37) (ages 38-53) (ages 54-72) (ages 73 and older) (ages 18 and older) Total All U.S. born 86,978,230 59,832,456 51,199,886 61,633,246 22,762,999 211,670,164 282,406,817 All foreign born 4,091,287 11,543,073 14,476,822 11,023,207 3,626,233 42,224,336 44,760,622 Mexico 801,667 3,131,569 4,344,088 2,377,735 527,052 10,738,326 11,182,111 East and Southeast Asia 756,335 1,894,455 2,656,158 2,522,374 819,206 8,221,243 8,648,528 Central Asia 23,729 43,039 36,102 20,686 8,298 116,517 131,854 South Asia 379,617 1,341,243 1,133,535 639,002 175,585 3,390,351 3,668,982 Oceania 29,237 67,681 76,634 56,276 16,543 229,080 246,371 Europe 329,335 901,496 1,263,705 1,453,138 900,596 4,637,809 4,848,270 Canada and Other North America 61,402 149,898 195,463 285,472 134,858 787,880 827,093 Caribbean 410,497 929,049 1,320,565 1,322,939 480,841 4,203,569 4,463,891 Central America 447,108 1,111,661 1,211,085 685,353 135,123 3,307,618 3,590,330 South America 311,207 827,591 1,099,471 834,351 231,760 3,110,619 3,304,380 Middle East-North Africa 205,745 493,507 497,817 444,366 143,463 1,640,728 1,784,898 Sub-Saharan Africa 333,661 642,532 634,825 371,426 50,026 1,810,226 2,032,470 Total 91,069,517 71,375,529 65,676,708 72,656,453 26,389,232 253,894,500 327,167,439

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 30.8 % 21.2 % 18.1 % 21.8 % 8.1 % 75.0 % 100.0 % All foreign born 9.1 25.8 32.3 24.6 8.1 94.3 100.0 Mexico 7.2 28.0 38.8 21.3 4.7 96.0 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 8.7 21.9 30.7 29.2 9.5 95.1 100.0 Central Asia 18.0 32.6 27.4 15.7 6.3 88.4 100.0 South Asia 10.3 36.6 30.9 17.4 4.8 92.4 100.0 Oceania 11.9 27.5 31.1 22.8 6.7 93.0 100.0 Europe 6.8 18.6 26.1 30.0 18.6 95.7 100.0 Canada and Other North America 7.4 18.1 23.6 34.5 16.3 95.3 100.0 Caribbean 9.2 20.8 29.6 29.6 10.8 94.2 100.0 Central America 12.5 31.0 33.7 19.1 3.8 92.1 100.0 South America 9.4 25.0 33.3 25.2 7.0 94.1 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 11.5 27.6 27.9 24.9 8.0 91.9 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 16.4 31.6 31.2 18.3 2.5 89.1 100.0 All 27.8 % 21.8 % 20.1 % 22.2 % 8.1 % 77.6 % 100.0 %

Note: GenZ is defined as anyone born after 1996. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Nativity, by sex and age: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population FOREIGN BORN U.S. BORN Percent of all Percent of all Percent of all Percent of all Age (years) Male foreign born Female foreign born Male U.S. born Female U.S. born Younger than 18 1,292,552 2.9 % 1,243,734 2.8 % 36,206,687 12.8 % 34,529,966 12.2 % 18 and older ######## 45.3 21,929,069 49.0 ######### 36.6 108,392,266 38.4 Younger than 5 146,340 0.3 143,035 0.3 9,849,806 3.5 9,430,297 3.3 5 to 9 334,180 0.7 305,773 0.7 9,774,299 3.5 9,438,409 3.3 10 to 14 440,637 1.0 428,511 1.0 10,587,622 3.7 9,940,315 3.5 15 to 19 737,922 1.6 706,233 1.6 10,184,335 3.6 9,695,357 3.4 20 to 24 1,138,414 2.5 1,101,009 2.5 10,015,449 3.5 9,523,118 3.4 25 to 29 1,611,810 3.6 1,572,836 3.5 10,217,122 3.6 9,858,804 3.5 30 to 34 2,135,821 4.8 2,052,479 4.6 8,977,604 3.2 8,850,541 3.1 35 to 39 2,287,570 5.1 2,349,873 5.2 8,527,578 3.0 8,487,318 3.0 40 to 44 2,317,860 5.2 2,388,490 5.3 7,637,344 2.7 7,691,257 2.7 45 to 49 2,231,010 5.0 2,366,248 5.3 8,008,345 2.8 8,139,227 2.9 50 to 54 2,001,249 4.5 2,107,555 4.7 8,248,656 2.9 8,490,048 3.0 55 to 59 1,706,694 3.8 1,865,411 4.2 8,768,096 3.1 9,226,408 3.3 60 to 64 1,436,260 3.2 1,633,787 3.7 8,476,892 3.0 9,168,636 3.2 65 to 69 1,089,517 2.4 1,294,019 2.9 6,970,346 2.5 7,745,641 2.7 70 to 74 796,533 1.8 1,026,998 2.3 5,422,490 1.9 6,242,176 2.2 75 to 79 534,591 1.2 747,149 1.7 3,650,991 1.3 4,424,393 1.6 80 to 84 353,638 0.8 533,531 1.2 2,223,026 0.8 3,034,225 1.1 85 to 89 185,078 0.4 324,736 0.7 1,276,108 0.5 2,020,275 0.7 90 and older 102,695 0.2 225,130 0.5 668,476 0.2 1,515,787 0.5 Total ######## 48.2 % 23,172,803 51.8 % ######### 49.4 % 142,922,232 50.6 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Age and gender distributions for nativity groups: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population Age (years) Foreign born Age (years) U.S. born

90 and older 90 and older 85 to 89 85 to 89 Males Females Males Females 80 to 84 80 to 84 75 to 79 75 to 79 70 to 74 70 to 74 65 to 69 65 to 69 60 to 64 60 to 64 55 to 59 55 to 59 50 to 54 50 to 54 45 to 49 45 to 49 40 to 44 40 to 44 35 to 39 35 to 39 30 to 34 30 to 34 25 to 29 25 to 29 20 to 24 20 to 24 15 to 19 15 to 19 10 to 14 10 to 14 5 to 9 5 to 9 Younger than 5 Younger than 5 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Percent Percent

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER FOREIGN BORN U.S. BORN

Female Male Female Male Younger than 5 0.3 0.3 Younger than 5 3.3 3.5 5 to 9 0.7 0.7 5 to 9 3.3 3.5 10 to 14 1.0 1.0 10 to 14 3.5 3.7

15 to 19 1.6 1.6 15 to 19 3.4 3.6

20 to 24 2.5 2.5 20 to 24 3.4 3.5

25 to 29 3.5 3.6 25 to 29 3.5 3.6

30 to 34 4.6 4.8 30 to 34 3.1 3.2

35 to 39 5.2 5.1 35 to 39 3.0 3.0

40 to 44 5.3 5.2 40 to 44 2.7 2.7

45 to 49 5.3 5.0 45 to 49 2.9 2.8

50 to 54 4.7 4.5 50 to 54 3.0 2.9

55 to 59 4.2 3.8 55 to 59 3.3 3.1

60 to 64 3.7 3.2 60 to 64 3.2 3.0

65 to 69 2.9 2.4 65 to 69 2.7 2.5

70 to 74 2.3 1.8 70 to 74 2.2 1.9

1.7 1.2 1.6 1.3 75 to 79 75 to 79 80 to 84 1.2 0.8 80 to 84 1.1 0.8 85 to 89 0.7 0.4 85 to 89 0.7 0.5

0.5 0.2 0.5 0.2 90 and older 90 and older Marital status, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 18 and older

Now married Separated Divorced Widowed Never married Total All U.S. born 101,357,660 3,845,793 25,354,127 12,973,254 68,139,330 211,670,164 All foreign born 25,850,267 1,187,649 3,564,465 2,267,881 9,354,074 42,224,336 Mexico 6,598,447 438,326 767,676 452,136 2,481,741 10,738,326 East and Southeast Asia 5,331,485 116,767 574,128 494,578 1,704,285 8,221,243 Central Asia 74,520 2,390 9,737 5,805 24,065 116,517 South Asia 2,609,708 18,924 93,216 115,827 552,676 3,390,351 Oceania 145,407 3,611 16,476 13,459 50,127 229,080 Europe 2,935,643 64,352 472,621 457,154 708,039 4,637,809 Canada and Other North America 498,407 10,572 83,664 61,829 133,408 787,880 Caribbean 2,044,997 203,771 607,391 267,323 1,080,087 4,203,569 Central America 1,727,867 128,419 256,243 106,717 1,088,372 3,307,618 South America 1,821,296 102,374 375,298 132,634 679,017 3,110,619 Middle East-North Africa 1,067,518 26,088 126,872 87,321 332,929 1,640,728 Sub-Saharan Africa 977,433 70,746 178,765 70,240 513,042 1,810,226 Total 127,207,927 5,033,442 28,918,592 15,241,135 77,493,404 253,894,500

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 47.9 % 1.8 % 12.0 % 6.1 % 32.2 % 100.0 % All foreign born 61.2 2.8 8.4 5.4 22.2 100.0 Mexico 61.4 4.1 7.1 4.2 23.1 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 64.9 1.4 7.0 6.0 20.7 100.0 Central Asia 64.0 2.1 8.4 5.0 20.7 100.0 South Asia 77.0 0.6 2.7 3.4 16.3 100.0 Oceania 63.5 1.6 7.2 5.9 21.9 100.0 Europe 63.3 1.4 10.2 9.9 15.3 100.0 Canada and Other North America 63.3 1.3 10.6 7.8 16.9 100.0 Caribbean 48.6 4.8 14.4 6.4 25.7 100.0 Central America 52.2 3.9 7.7 3.2 32.9 100.0 South America 58.6 3.3 12.1 4.3 21.8 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 65.1 1.6 7.7 5.3 20.3 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 54.0 3.9 9.9 3.9 28.3 100.0 All 50.1 % 2.0 % 11.4 % 6.0 % 30.5 % 100.0 %

Note: : The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Fertility in the past year, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population defined for women ages 15 to 44 Share of total births Women giving % of women giving among foreign-born birth in past year birth in past year women in past year All U.S. born 3,090,612 5.7 % --- All foreign born 762,329 7.5 100.0 % Mexico 194,974 7.3 25.6 East and Southeast Asia 118,907 6.2 15.6 Central Asia 3,998 11.3 0.5 South Asia 81,985 8.0 10.8 Oceania 3,496 6.0 0.5 Europe 56,399 6.7 7.4 Canada and Other North America 10,042 7.5 1.3 Caribbean 72,045 8.1 9.5 Central America 80,205 9.1 10.5 South America 45,633 5.8 6.0 Middle East-North Africa 33,640 9.1 4.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 60,593 10.8 7.9 Total 3,852,941 6.0 % ---

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Fertility in the past year, by marital status, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population defined for women ages 15 to 44 giving birth in the last 12 months

WOMEN GIVING BIRTH IN PAST YEAR Percent All Unmarried unmarried All U.S. born 3,090,612 1,195,328 38.7 % All foreign born 762,329 179,551 23.6 Mexico 194,974 63,634 32.6 East and Southeast Asia 118,907 11,818 9.9 Central Asia *** *** *** South Asia 81,985 2,184 2.7 Oceania *** *** *** Europe 56,399 4,890 8.7 Canada and Other North America *** *** *** Caribbean 72,045 28,610 39.7 Central America 80,205 36,212 45.1 South America 45,633 10,783 23.6 Middle East-North Africa 33,640 1,479 4.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 60,593 17,878 29.5 Total 3,852,941 1,374,879 35.7 %

Note: The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. Unmarried women includes those who were never married or are divorced, separated or widowed. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Educational attainment, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 25 and older Less than 9th to 12th High school Two-year degree/ Bachelor's Advanced 9th grade grade graduate Some college degree degree Total All U.S. born 4,380,278 11,086,857 51,286,386 56,959,420 37,458,246 22,796,623 183,967,810 All foreign born 6,718,366 3,847,488 8,751,588 7,386,926 7,110,408 5,463,792 39,278,568 Mexico 3,557,555 1,818,941 2,619,905 1,327,496 524,225 194,147 10,042,269 East and Southeast Asia 761,904 471,609 1,341,724 1,507,372 2,117,941 1,414,465 7,615,015 Central Asia 2,938 2,164 16,565 22,521 32,253 25,411 101,852 South Asia 162,268 146,226 287,480 320,697 1,003,877 1,245,365 3,165,913 Oceania 12,426 14,294 51,353 53,714 48,792 28,727 209,306 Europe 271,588 217,141 957,705 1,003,116 967,403 994,478 4,411,431 Canada and Other North America 19,168 33,442 124,331 196,924 207,485 163,790 745,140 Caribbean 469,118 413,320 1,173,233 987,259 562,591 314,062 3,919,583 Central America 990,157 409,274 780,777 503,784 234,528 89,029 3,007,549 South America 230,349 173,220 773,149 729,619 610,168 377,705 2,894,210 Middle East-North Africa 115,167 70,133 285,768 289,606 418,472 342,688 1,521,834 Sub-Saharan Africa 125,101 76,093 330,351 432,143 378,827 272,735 1,615,250 Total 11,098,644 14,934,345 60,037,974 64,346,346 44,568,654 28,260,415 223,246,378

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 2.4 % 6.0 % 27.9 % 31.0 % 20.4 % 12.4 % 100.0 % All foreign born 17.1 9.8 22.3 18.8 18.1 13.9 100.0 Mexico 35.4 18.1 26.1 13.2 5.2 1.9 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 10.0 6.2 17.6 19.8 27.8 18.6 100.0 Central Asia 2.9 2.1 16.3 22.1 31.7 24.9 100.0 South Asia 5.1 4.6 9.1 10.1 31.7 39.3 100.0 Oceania 5.9 6.8 24.5 25.7 23.3 13.7 100.0 Europe 6.2 4.9 21.7 22.7 21.9 22.5 100.0 Canada and Other North America 2.6 4.5 16.7 26.4 27.8 22.0 100.0 Caribbean 12.0 10.5 29.9 25.2 14.4 8.0 100.0 Central America 32.9 13.6 26.0 16.8 7.8 3.0 100.0 South America 8.0 6.0 26.7 25.2 21.1 13.1 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 7.6 4.6 18.8 19.0 27.5 22.5 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 7.7 4.7 20.5 26.8 23.5 16.9 100.0 All 5.0 % 6.7 % 26.9 % 28.8 % 20.0 % 12.7 % 100.0 %

Note: "High school graduate" includes persons who have attained a high school diploma or its equivalent, such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER School enrollment and enrollment rate, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 3 through 4

U.S. born 3,840,561 48.4 % In household with foreign-born head 742,254 46.9 In household with U.S.-born head 3,097,012 48.8 Foreign born 79,741 46.9 Total 3,920,302 48.4 %

Universe: 2018 resident population ages 5 through 17

U.S. born 49,828,091 96.8 % In household with foreign-born head 9,860,389 97.6 In household with U.S.-born head 39,804,011 96.7 Foreign born 2,137,820 95.1 Total 51,965,911 96.8 %

Note: School enrollment consists of both private and public schools. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER High school dropouts and dropout rate, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 through 19 All U.S. born 587,488 3.7 % All foreign born 75,235 6.2 Mexico 26,761 9.6 East and Southeast Asia 3,533 1.5 Central Asia *** *** South Asia 2,590 3.2 Oceania *** *** Europe 2,150 2.3 Canada and Other North America 547 2.9 Caribbean 7,512 5.6 Central America 24,440 18.2 South America 3,326 3.8 Middle East-North Africa 1,402 3.1 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,499 2.8 Total 662,723 3.9 %

Note: The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. Dropouts are people not enrolled in school and who have not attained a high school diploma or an equivalent credential, such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER College enrollment and enrollment rate, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population AGES 18 TO 24 AGES 25 AND OLDER All U.S. born 11,682,646 42.2 % All U.S. born 7,204,033 3.9 % All foreign born 1,339,919 45.5 All foreign born 1,730,741 4.4 Mexico 183,810 26.4 Mexico 209,634 2.1 East and Southeast Asia 409,655 67.6 East and Southeast Asia 407,299 5.3 Central Asia 6,582 44.9 Central Asia 6,018 5.9 South Asia 138,318 61.6 South Asia 167,468 5.3 Oceania 9,766 49.4 Oceania 8,358 4.0 Europe 119,999 53.0 Europe 151,064 3.4 Canada and Other North America 27,383 64.1 Canada and Other North America 27,142 3.6 Caribbean 103,288 36.4 Caribbean 185,647 4.7 Central America *** *** Central America 84,037 2.8 South America 101,943 47.1 South America 161,581 5.6 Middle East-North Africa 76,004 63.9 Middle East-North Africa 121,530 7.9 Sub-Saharan Africa 107,937 55.4 Sub-Saharan Africa 199,896 12.4 Total 13,022,565 42.5 % Total 8,934,774 4.0 %

Note: The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. "Enrolled in college" includes persons who are currently attending undergraduate, graduate or professional school. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Employment status, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 civilian resident population ages 16 and older Unemployment Not in Occupation group In labor force Employed Unemployed rate labor force All U.S. born 136,647,145 129,708,253 6,938,892 5.1 % 37.5 % All foreign born 28,404,215 27,243,610 1,160,605 4.1 33.4 Mexico 7,458,973 7,148,963 310,010 4.2 31.2 East and Southeast Asia 5,204,569 5,024,519 180,050 3.5 37.3 Central Asia 81,088 77,936 3,152 3.9 31.4 South Asia 2,386,581 2,301,933 84,648 3.5 30.2 Oceania 161,666 153,264 8,402 5.2 30.0 Europe 2,728,886 2,638,356 90,530 3.3 41.6 Canada and Other North America 453,734 437,454 16,280 3.6 42.8 Caribbean 2,804,850 2,647,979 156,871 5.6 34.2 Central America 2,442,534 2,346,256 96,278 3.9 27.4 South America 2,223,110 2,139,904 83,206 3.7 29.2 Middle East-North Africa 1,027,739 974,795 52,944 5.2 38.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,412,300 1,334,568 77,732 5.5 23.4 Total 165,051,360 156,951,863 8,099,497 4.9 % 36.8 %

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Occupation, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years Occupation group U.S. born Foreign born Total population Management and business 20,010,377 3,138,055 23,148,432 Science and engineering 8,318,530 2,405,867 10,724,397 Legal, community and social services 4,578,675 482,113 5,060,788 Education, arts and media 13,573,179 1,886,459 15,459,638 Health care 13,995,427 2,977,959 16,973,386 Food preparation and serving 9,570,999 2,226,248 11,797,247 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 4,183,259 1,957,968 6,141,227 Other services 8,377,235 1,372,578 9,749,813 Sales 17,391,363 2,580,721 19,972,084 Office and administrative support 19,613,568 2,494,354 22,107,922 Farming, fishing and forestry 916,886 569,463 1,486,349 Construction and extraction 7,269,547 2,476,034 9,745,581 Installation, repair and production 11,784,060 2,653,215 14,437,275 Transportation and material moving 12,504,870 2,673,269 15,178,139 Military 556,905 35,144 592,049 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 1,317,281 259,110 1,576,391 Total 153,962,161 30,188,557 184,150,718

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Management and business 13.0 % 10.4 % 12.6 % Science and engineering 5.4 8.0 5.8 Legal, community and social services 3.0 1.6 2.7 Education, arts and media 8.8 6.2 8.4 Health care 9.1 9.9 9.2 Food preparation and serving 6.2 7.4 6.4 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 2.7 6.5 3.3 Other services 5.4 4.5 5.3 Sales 11.3 8.5 10.8 Office and administrative support 12.7 8.3 12.0 Farming, fishing and forestry 0.6 1.9 0.8 Construction and extraction 4.7 8.2 5.3 Installation, repair and production 7.7 8.8 7.8 Transportation and material moving 8.1 8.9 8.2 Military 0.4 0.1 0.3 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 0.9 0.9 0.9 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Note: Occupations are the kind of work that people do on the job. Industry is the kind of business conducted by an employing Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Occupation, by region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years East and Canada and Middle East- Sub- Southeast Central South Other North Central South North Saharan Occupation group Mexico Asia Asia Asia Oceania Europe America Caribbean America America America Africa Management and business 367,891 770,393 10,560 410,795 28,858 512,774 105,201 227,531 131,186 273,881 155,525 141,661 Science and engineering 111,490 701,074 6,254 744,866 15,152 319,008 58,508 83,025 38,518 118,525 116,494 92,680

Legal, community and social services 60,568 97,458 1,656 29,391 4,219 70,541 18,262 65,335 22,168 47,565 20,330 44,282

Education, arts and media 215,812 448,148 6,787 172,756 17,184 329,190 67,957 157,404 75,202 190,601 122,535 81,342 Health care 312,621 797,190 17,153 260,796 16,466 302,199 60,699 466,385 109,156 182,905 115,503 335,065 Food preparation and serving 821,912 447,055 4,373 82,534 10,321 128,770 14,727 178,265 253,526 156,627 60,899 66,173 Building and grounds cleaning 787,212 146,691 2,776 27,050 5,240 105,995 6,934 223,699 340,261 220,492 22,133 68,446 and maintenance Other services 216,708 388,236 5,757 62,512 8,889 141,259 17,993 187,967 90,115 128,878 45,021 77,875 Sales 494,685 525,913 7,961 273,505 16,158 276,968 53,662 255,489 157,791 226,007 175,309 116,271 Office and administrative support 482,108 559,092 7,078 157,368 17,864 302,874 53,519 296,439 160,879 243,198 89,201 121,349 Farming, fishing and forestry 473,083 15,351 0 3,970 1,325 6,559 2,097 9,904 48,009 5,649 1,283 2,160 Construction and extraction 1,316,937 87,448 4,097 18,523 4,977 150,276 14,822 165,738 472,636 192,749 24,539 22,537 Installation, repair and production 1,001,810 465,487 5,342 92,958 12,533 191,971 20,568 238,654 275,088 170,932 68,020 107,910 Transportation and material moving 851,937 297,208 11,118 149,425 12,690 183,436 21,666 380,618 278,768 195,344 94,700 193,221 Military 6,356 10,277 83 1,178 416 4,055 322 3,388 3,605 2,521 570 1,993 Unemployed, no work experience 68,478 39,188 509 24,066 1,696 15,986 1,594 38,632 21,807 15,344 14,942 16,584 in past five years Total 7,589,608 5,796,209 91,504 2,511,693 173,988 3,041,861 518,531 2,978,473 2,478,715 2,371,218 1,127,004 1,489,549

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Management and business 4.8 % 13.3 % 11.5 16.4 16.6 16.9 20.3 % 7.6 % 5.3 % 11.6 % 13.8 % 9.5 % Science and engineering 1.5 12.1 6.8 29.7 8.7 10.5 11.3 2.8 1.6 5.0 10.3 6.2

Legal, community and social services 0.8 1.7 1.8 1.2 2.4 2.3 3.5 2.2 0.9 2.0 1.8 3.0

Education, arts and media 2.8 7.7 7.4 6.9 9.9 10.8 13.1 5.3 3.0 8.0 10.9 5.5 Health care 4.1 13.8 18.7 10.4 9.5 9.9 11.7 15.7 4.4 7.7 10.2 22.5 Food preparation and serving 10.8 7.7 4.8 3.3 5.9 4.2 2.8 6.0 10.2 6.6 5.4 4.4 Building and grounds cleaning 10.4 2.5 3.0 1.1 3.0 3.5 1.3 7.5 13.7 9.3 2.0 4.6 and maintenance Other services 2.9 6.7 6.3 2.5 5.1 4.6 3.5 6.3 3.6 5.4 4.0 5.2 Sales 6.5 9.1 8.7 10.9 9.3 9.1 10.3 8.6 6.4 9.5 15.6 7.8 Office and administrative support 6.4 9.6 7.7 6.3 10.3 10.0 10.3 10.0 6.5 10.3 7.9 8.1 Farming, fishing and forestry 6.2 0.3 <0.05 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.3 1.9 0.2 <0.05 0.1 Construction and extraction 17.4 1.5 4.5 0.7 2.9 4.9 2.9 5.6 19.1 8.1 2.2 1.5 Installation, repair and production 13.2 8.0 5.8 3.7 7.2 6.3 4.0 8.0 11.1 7.2 6.0 7.2 Transportation and material moving 11.2 5.1 12.2 5.9 7.3 6.0 4.2 12.8 11.2 8.2 8.4 13.0 Military 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.05 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.05 0.1 Unemployed, no work experience 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.3 1.1 in past five years Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Note: See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Occupations are the kind of work that people do on the job. Industry is the kind of business conducted by an employing organization. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Detailed occupation, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years

Occupation group U.S. born Foreign born Total population Management 11,861,608 1,849,162 13,710,770 Business operations 4,830,906 674,479 5,505,385 Financial 3,317,863 614,414 3,932,277 Computer and mathematical 4,268,029 1,372,821 5,640,850 Architecture and engineering 2,737,435 657,728 3,395,163 Life, physical and social sciences 1,313,066 375,318 1,688,384 Community and social services 2,840,427 329,091 3,169,518 Legal 1,738,248 153,022 1,891,270 Education, training and library 10,092,630 1,349,928 11,442,558 Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media 3,480,549 536,531 4,017,080 Health care practitioners and technical 9,075,102 1,637,690 10,712,792 Health care support 4,920,325 1,340,269 6,260,594 Protective service 3,771,384 334,725 4,106,109 Food preparation and serving 9,570,999 2,226,248 11,797,247 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 4,183,259 1,957,968 6,141,227 Personal care and service 4,605,851 1,037,853 5,643,704 Sales 17,391,363 2,580,721 19,972,084 Office and administrative support 19,613,568 2,494,354 22,107,922 Farming, fishing and forestry 916,886 569,463 1,486,349 Construction trades 7,119,928 2,464,246 9,584,174 Extraction workers 149,619 11,788 161,407 Installation, maintenance and repair workers 4,531,434 736,575 5,268,009 Production 7,252,626 1,916,640 9,169,266 Transportation and material moving 12,504,870 2,673,269 15,178,139 Military 556,905 35,144 592,049 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 1,317,281 259,110 1,576,391 Total 153,962,161 30,188,557 184,150,718

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Management 7.7 % 6.1 % 7.4 % Business operations 3.1 2.2 3.0 Financial 2.2 2.0 2.1 Computer and mathematical 2.8 4.5 3.1 Architecture and engineering 1.8 2.2 1.8 Life, physical and social sciences 0.9 1.2 0.9 Community and social services 1.8 1.1 1.7 Legal 1.1 0.5 1.0 Education, training and library 6.6 4.5 6.2 Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media 2.3 1.8 2.2 Health care practitioners and technical 5.9 5.4 5.8 Health care support 3.2 4.4 3.4 Protective service 2.4 1.1 2.2 Food preparation and serving 6.2 7.4 6.4 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 2.7 6.5 3.3 Personal care and service 3.0 3.4 3.1 Sales 11.3 8.5 10.8 Office and administrative support 12.7 8.3 12.0 Farming, fishing and forestry 0.6 1.9 0.8 Construction trades 4.6 8.2 5.2 Extraction workers 0.1 0.0 0.1 Installation, maintenance and repair workers 2.9 2.4 2.9 Production 4.7 6.3 5.0 Transportation and material moving 8.1 8.9 8.2 Military 0.4 0.1 0.3 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 0.9 0.9 0.9 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Detailed occupation, by region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years East and Central Canada and Other Central South Middle East - Sub-Saharan Occupation group Mexico Southeast Asia Souh Asia Oceania Europe North America Caribbean America America North Africa Africa Management 257,813 399,269 5,418 226,418 18,440 314,570 62,956 135,882 90,078 165,173 98,442 74,068 Business operations 65,996 154,787 2,392 114,361 5,758 112,357 25,852 45,198 23,174 60,604 31,070 31,911 Financial 44,082 216,337 2,750 70,016 4,660 85,847 16,393 46,451 17,934 48,104 26,013 35,682 Computer and mathematical 46,688 351,357 4,093 545,983 8,340 160,602 26,899 49,318 18,136 55,911 51,800 53,523 Architecture and engineering 46,939 207,284 1,420 135,124 3,201 96,358 18,206 24,142 15,139 42,252 43,393 24,270 Life, physical and social sciences 17,863 142,433 741 63,759 3,611 62,048 13,403 9,565 5,243 20,362 21,301 14,887 Community and social services 48,884 64,510 352 17,319 3,390 38,354 9,282 49,464 17,066 32,964 10,787 36,457 Legal 11,684 32,948 1,304 12,072 829 32,187 8,980 15,871 5,102 14,601 9,543 7,825 Education, training and library 152,788 315,318 4,981 143,023 9,665 218,476 42,900 122,268 53,928 126,426 95,331 63,936 Arts, design, entertainment, 63,024 132,830 1,806 29,733 7,519 110,714 25,057 35,136 21,274 64,175 27,204 17,406 sports and media

Health care practitioners and technical 92,163 517,097 7,088 208,123 6,433 190,061 51,442 183,454 38,283 94,096 85,800 162,215

Health care support 220,458 280,093 10,065 52,673 10,033 112,138 9,257 282,931 70,873 88,809 29,703 172,850 Protective service 55,082 38,819 1,346 18,859 4,081 33,776 4,280 74,193 20,388 32,585 15,770 34,596 Food preparation and serving 821,912 447,055 4,373 82,534 10,321 128,770 14,727 178,265 253,526 156,627 60,899 66,173 Building and grounds cleaning 787,212 146,691 2,776 27,050 5,240 105,995 6,934 223,699 340,261 220,492 22,133 68,446 and maintenance Personal care and service 161,626 349,417 4,411 43,653 4,808 107,483 13,713 113,774 69,727 96,293 29,251 43,279 Sales 494,685 525,913 7,961 273,505 16,158 276,968 53,662 255,489 157,791 226,007 175,309 116,271 Office and administrative support 482,108 559,092 7,078 157,368 17,864 302,874 53,519 296,439 160,879 243,198 89,201 121,349 Farming, fishing and forestry 473,083 15,351 0 3,970 1,325 6,559 2,097 9,904 48,009 5,649 1,283 2,160 Construction trades 1,309,756 86,155 4,097 18,175 4,569 149,987 14,777 165,356 471,576 192,446 24,211 22,386 Extraction workers 7,181 1,293 0 348 408 289 45 382 1,060 303 328 151 Installation, maintenance 250,033 93,875 2,545 17,484 3,164 69,185 8,769 96,068 83,905 63,052 26,500 21,470 and repair workers Production 751,777 371,612 2,797 75,474 9,369 122,786 11,799 142,586 191,183 107,880 41,520 86,440 Transportation and material moving 851,937 297,208 11,118 149,425 12,690 183,436 21,666 380,618 278,768 195,344 94,700 193,221 Military 6,356 10,277 83 1,178 416 4,055 322 3,388 3,605 2,521 570 1,993 Unemployed, no work experience 68,478 39,188 509 24,066 1,696 15,986 1,594 38,632 21,807 15,344 14,942 16,584 in past five years Total 7,589,608 5,796,209 91,504 2,511,693 173,988 3,041,861 518,531 2,978,473 2,478,715 2,371,218 1,127,004 1,489,549

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Management 3.4 % 6.9 % 5.9 9.0 10.6 10.3 12.1 % 4.6 % 3.6 % 7.0 % 8.7 % 5.0 % Business operations 0.9 2.7 2.6 4.6 3.3 3.7 5.0 1.5 0.9 2.6 2.8 2.1 Financial 0.6 3.7 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.2 1.6 0.7 2.0 2.3 2.4 Computer and mathematical 0.6 6.1 4.5 21.7 4.8 5.3 5.2 1.7 0.7 2.4 4.6 3.6 Architecture and engineering 0.6 3.6 1.6 5.4 1.8 3.2 3.5 0.8 0.6 1.8 3.9 1.6 Life, physical and social sciences 0.2 2.5 0.8 2.5 2.1 2.0 2.6 0.3 0.2 0.9 1.9 1.0 Community and social services 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.9 1.3 1.8 1.7 0.7 1.4 1.0 2.4 Legal 0.2 0.6 1.4 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 Education, training and library 2.0 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.6 7.2 8.3 4.1 2.2 5.3 8.5 4.3 Arts, design, entertainment, 0.8 2.3 2.0 1.2 4.3 3.6 4.8 1.2 0.9 2.7 2.4 1.2 sports and media

Health care practitioners and technical 1.2 8.9 7.7 8.3 3.7 6.2 9.9 6.2 1.5 4.0 7.6 10.9

Health care support 2.9 4.8 11.0 2.1 5.8 3.7 1.8 9.5 2.9 3.7 2.6 11.6 Protective service 0.7 0.7 1.5 0.8 2.3 1.1 0.8 2.5 0.8 1.4 1.4 2.3 Food preparation and serving 10.8 7.7 4.8 3.3 5.9 4.2 2.8 6.0 10.2 6.6 5.4 4.4 Building and grounds cleaning 10.4 2.5 3.0 1.1 3.0 3.5 1.3 7.5 13.7 9.3 2.0 4.6 and maintenance Personal care and service 2.1 6.0 4.8 1.7 2.8 3.5 2.6 3.8 2.8 4.1 2.6 2.9 Sales 6.5 9.1 8.7 10.9 9.3 9.1 10.3 8.6 6.4 9.5 15.6 7.8 Office and administrative support 6.4 9.6 7.7 6.3 10.3 10.0 10.3 10.0 6.5 10.3 7.9 8.1 Farming, fishing and forestry 6.2 0.3 <0.05 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.3 1.9 0.2 0.1 0.1 Construction trades 17.3 1.5 4.5 0.7 2.6 4.9 2.8 5.6 19.0 8.1 2.1 1.5 Extraction workers 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.2 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Installation, maintenance 3.3 1.6 2.8 0.7 1.8 2.3 1.7 3.2 3.4 2.7 2.4 1.4 and repair workers Production 9.9 6.4 3.1 3.0 5.4 4.0 2.3 4.8 7.7 4.5 3.7 5.8 Transportation and material moving 11.2 5.1 12.2 5.9 7.3 6.0 4.2 12.8 11.2 8.2 8.4 13.0 Military 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.05 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Unemployed, no work experience 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.6 1.3 1.1 in past five years Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Industry, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years

Industry U.S. born Foreign born Total population Agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining 2,790,814 783,744 3,574,558 Utilities 1,363,221 124,972 1,488,193 Construction 9,754,663 2,858,953 12,613,616 Manufacturing - durable and nondurable goods 15,238,799 3,437,569 18,676,368 Wholesale and retail trade, transportation, warehousing 29,881,840 5,456,619 35,338,459 Information and communications 3,125,370 497,569 3,622,939 Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 10,090,688 1,682,906 11,773,594 Business services 18,116,233 4,244,258 22,360,491 Educational, health and social services 37,187,152 6,277,124 43,464,276 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodations, 16,604,460 3,543,002 20,147,462 food services Other services (except public administration) 7,621,579 1,981,014 9,602,593 Public administration 7,981,663 749,469 8,731,132 Active-duty military 1,074,975 69,166 1,144,141 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 1,317,281 259,110 1,576,391 Total 162,148,738 31,965,475 194,114,213

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining 1.7 % 2.5 % 1.8 % Utilities 0.8 0.4 0.8 Construction 6.0 8.9 6.5 Manufacturing - durable and nondurable goods 9.4 10.8 9.6 Wholesale and retail trade, transportation, warehousing 18.4 17.1 18.2 Information and communications 1.9 1.6 1.9 Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 6.2 5.3 6.1 Business services 11.2 13.3 11.5 Educational, health and social services 22.9 19.6 22.4 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodations, 10.2 11.1 10.4 food services Other services (except public administration) 4.7 6.2 4.9 Public administration 4.9 2.3 4.5 Active-duty military 0.7 0.2 0.6 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 0.8 0.8 0.8 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Note: Occupations are the kind of work that people do on the job. Industry is the kind of business conducted by an employing organization. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Industry, by region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years East and Central Canada and Other Central South Middle East- Sub-Saharan Industry Mexico Southeast Asia Souh Asia Oceania Europe North America Caribbean America America North Africa Africa Agriculture, forestry, fishing 592,171 35,774 1,876 13,512 3,030 27,966 7,333 13,953 56,928 16,951 6,563 7,314 and mining Utilities 26,781 25,342 288 13,731 1,800 14,663 3,583 13,001 7,419 8,793 5,559 4,012 Construction 1,415,060 135,993 6,311 33,664 6,774 212,568 23,945 193,396 519,564 237,145 44,530 29,021 Manufacturing - durable 1,069,206 774,143 4,634 278,524 17,898 324,383 56,453 215,338 263,704 196,794 95,485 138,435 and nondurable goods

Wholesale and retail trade, 1,196,775 952,540 20,925 496,173 32,491 512,752 73,291 672,919 421,057 448,652 289,612 333,894 transportation, warehousing Information and communications 52,019 111,815 1,854 79,046 5,764 81,168 17,445 39,864 19,789 44,839 24,354 19,376 Finance, insurance, real estate, 209,457 386,795 4,956 229,867 12,044 243,180 44,161 171,644 80,769 159,200 73,965 65,891 and rental and leasing Business services 961,225 690,585 10,938 641,563 29,901 490,942 93,181 308,077 358,378 350,765 150,665 156,013 Educational, health and social 851,226 1,476,763 28,024 545,175 37,953 755,248 150,155 852,449 287,436 497,456 271,941 519,341 services Arts, entertainment, recreation, 1,132,151 738,889 8,123 172,789 18,977 262,494 39,878 307,307 364,263 256,479 113,520 126,255 accommodations, food services

Other services 510,118 470,447 4,466 66,492 11,261 178,189 20,493 173,352 225,557 194,753 53,764 71,251 (except public administration) Public administration 111,385 184,466 1,244 50,596 5,892 92,258 16,136 100,211 36,849 58,260 31,510 59,299 Active-duty military 10,430 20,692 116 1,728 579 6,745 1,365 8,742 5,357 5,971 1,091 5,557 Unemployed, no work experience 68,478 39,188 509 24,066 1,696 15,986 1,594 38,632 21,807 15,344 14,942 16,584 in past five years

Total 8,206,482 6,043,432 94,264 2,646,926 186,060 3,218,542 549,013 3,108,885 2,668,877 2,491,402 1,177,501 1,552,243

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Agriculture, forestry, fishing 7.2 % 0.6 % 2.0 % 0.5 % 1.6 % 0.9 % 1.3 % 0.4 % 2.1 % 0.7 % 0.6 % 0.5 % and mining Utilities 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 Construction 17.2 2.3 6.7 1.3 3.6 6.6 4.4 6.2 19.5 9.5 3.8 1.9 Manufacturing - durable 13.0 12.8 4.9 10.5 9.6 10.1 10.3 6.9 9.9 7.9 8.1 8.9 and nondurable goods

Wholesale and retail trade, 14.6 15.8 22.2 18.7 17.5 15.9 13.3 21.6 15.8 18.0 24.6 21.5 transportation, warehousing Information and communications 0.6 1.9 2.0 3.0 3.1 2.5 3.2 1.3 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.2 Finance, insurance, real estate, 2.6 6.4 5.3 8.7 6.5 7.6 8.0 5.5 3.0 6.4 6.3 4.2 and rental and leasing Business services 11.7 11.4 11.6 24.2 16.1 15.3 17.0 9.9 13.4 14.1 12.8 10.1 Educational, health and social 10.4 24.4 29.7 20.6 20.4 23.5 27.3 27.4 10.8 20.0 23.1 33.5 services Arts, entertainment, recreation, 13.8 12.2 8.6 6.5 10.2 8.2 7.3 9.9 13.6 10.3 9.6 8.1 accommodations, food services

Other services 6.2 7.8 4.7 2.5 6.1 5.5 3.7 5.6 8.5 7.8 4.6 4.6 (except public administration) Public administration 1.4 3.1 1.3 1.9 3.2 2.9 2.9 3.2 1.4 2.3 2.7 3.8 Active-duty military 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 Unemployed, no work experience 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.3 1.2 0.8 0.6 1.3 1.1 in past five years Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Detailed industry, by nativity: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years Industry U.S. born Foreign born Total population Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 1,958,378 681,489 2,639,867 Mining 832,436 102,255 934,691 Utilities 1,363,221 124,972 1,488,193 Construction 9,754,663 2,858,953 12,613,616 Manufacturing - nondurable goods 5,810,242 1,457,254 7,267,496 Manufacturing - durable goods 9,428,557 1,980,315 11,408,872 Wholesale trade 3,758,721 806,169 4,564,890 Retail trade 18,982,181 2,979,800 21,961,981 Transportation and warehousing 7,140,938 1,670,650 8,811,588 Information and communications 3,125,370 497,569 3,622,939

Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 10,090,688 1,682,906 11,773,594

Professional, scientific, management, administrative, 18,116,233 4,244,258 22,360,491 waste management services Educational, health and social services 37,187,152 6,277,124 43,464,276 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodations, 16,604,460 3,543,002 20,147,462 and food services Other services (except public administration) 7,621,579 1,981,014 9,602,593 Public administration 7,981,663 749,469 8,731,132 Active-duty military 1,074,975 69,166 1,144,141 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 1,317,281 259,110 1,576,391 Total 162,148,738 31,965,475 194,114,213

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 1.2 % 2.1 % 1.4 % Mining 0.5 0.3 0.5 Utilities 0.8 0.4 0.8 Construction 6.0 8.9 6.5 Manufacturing - nondurable goods 3.6 4.6 3.7 Manufacturing - durable goods 5.8 6.2 5.9 Wholesale trade 2.3 2.5 2.4 Retail trade 11.7 9.3 11.3 Transportation and warehousing 4.4 5.2 4.5 Information and communications 1.9 1.6 1.9

Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing 6.2 5.3 6.1

Professional, scientific, management, administrative, 11.2 13.3 11.5 waste management services Educational, health and social services 22.9 19.6 22.4 Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodations, 10.2 11.1 10.4 and food services Other services (except public administration) 4.7 6.2 4.9 Public administration 4.9 2.3 4.5 Active-duty military 0.7 0.2 0.6 Unemployed, no work experience in past five years 0.8 0.8 0.8 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Detailed industry, by region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older who worked in the past five years East and Southeast Asia Central Canada and Other Central South Middle East- Sub-Saharan Industry Mexico East Asia Asia South Asia Oceania Europe North America Caribbean America America North America Africa Agriculture, forestry, fishing 549,745 23,131 1,058 5,809 1,201 15,878 4,237 11,378 53,316 8,997 2,748 3,769 and hunting Mining 42,426 12,643 818 7,703 1,829 12,088 3,096 2,575 3,612 7,954 3,815 3,545 Utilities 26,781 25,342 288 13,731 1,800 14,663 3,583 13,001 7,419 8,793 5,559 4,012 Construction 1,415,060 135,993 6,311 33,664 6,774 212,568 23,945 193,396 519,564 237,145 44,530 29,021 Manufacturing - nondurable goods 530,083 258,120 1,373 96,655 8,371 104,784 19,930 110,227 136,309 86,903 34,925 67,788 Manufacturing - durable goods 539,123 516,023 3,261 181,869 9,527 219,599 36,523 105,111 127,395 109,891 60,560 70,647 Wholesale trade 231,888 162,959 1,156 50,215 5,354 69,232 12,770 73,476 67,766 69,545 34,187 26,986 Retail trade 636,505 561,089 10,162 322,696 19,105 276,150 45,498 321,373 214,233 234,245 181,425 155,746 Transportation and warehousing 328,382 228,492 9,607 123,262 8,032 167,370 15,023 278,070 139,058 144,862 74,000 151,162 Information and communications 52,019 111,815 1,854 79,046 5,764 81,168 17,445 39,864 19,789 44,839 24,354 19,376 Finance, insurance, real estate, 209,457 386,795 4,956 229,867 12,044 243,180 44,161 171,644 80,769 159,200 73,965 65,891 and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, management, administrative, 961,225 690,585 10,938 641,563 29,901 490,942 93,181 308,077 358,378 350,765 150,665 156,013 waste management services

Educational, health and social services 851,226 1,476,763 28,024 545,175 37,953 755,248 150,155 852,449 287,436 497,456 271,941 519,341

Arts, entertainment, recreation, 1,132,151 738,889 8,123 172,789 18,977 262,494 39,878 307,307 364,263 256,479 113,520 126,255 accommodations, and food services

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Agriculture, forestry, fishing 6.7 % 0.4 % 1.1 % 0.2 % 0.6 % 0.5 % 0.8 % 0.4 % 2.0 % 0.4 % 0.2 % 0.2 % and hunting Mining 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.3 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 Utilities 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 Construction 17.2 2.3 6.7 1.3 3.6 6.6 4.4 6.2 19.5 9.5 3.8 1.9 Manufacturing - nondurable goods 6.5 4.3 1.5 3.7 4.5 3.3 3.6 3.5 5.1 3.5 3.0 4.4 Manufacturing - durable goods 6.6 8.5 3.5 6.9 5.1 6.8 6.7 3.4 4.8 4.4 5.1 4.6 Wholesale trade 2.8 2.7 1.2 1.9 2.9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.9 1.7 Retail trade 7.8 9.3 10.8 12.2 10.3 8.6 8.3 10.3 8.0 9.4 15.4 10.0 Transportation and warehousing 4.0 3.8 10.2 4.7 4.3 5.2 2.7 8.9 5.2 5.8 6.3 9.7 Information and communications 0.6 1.9 2.0 3.0 3.1 2.5 3.2 1.3 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.2 Finance, insurance, real estate, 2.6 6.4 5.3 8.7 6.5 7.6 8.0 5.5 3.0 6.4 6.3 4.2 and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, management, administrative, 11.7 11.4 11.6 24.2 16.1 15.3 17.0 9.9 13.4 14.1 12.8 10.1 waste management services

Educational, health and social services 10.4 24.4 29.7 20.6 20.4 23.5 27.3 27.4 10.8 20.0 23.1 33.5

Arts, entertainment, recreation, 13.8 12.2 8.6 6.5 10.2 8.2 7.3 9.9 13.6 10.3 9.6 8.1 accommodations, and food services

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Persons, by personal earnings, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older with positive earnings Less than $20,000 to $50,000 $20,000 $49,999 or more Total All U.S. born 42,022,665 50,297,979 51,510,676 143,831,320 All foreign born 7,968,874 11,666,889 9,401,146 29,036,909 Mexico 2,409,313 3,905,743 1,272,522 7,587,578 East and Southeast Asia 1,347,235 1,812,623 2,211,419 5,371,277 Central Asia 24,939 31,371 28,797 85,107 South Asia 477,675 554,311 1,396,316 2,428,302 Oceania 37,679 56,921 71,400 166,000 Europe 597,747 831,276 1,407,313 2,836,336 Canada and Other North America 100,295 110,973 271,360 482,628 Caribbean 845,368 1,273,293 706,222 2,824,883 Central America 812,139 1,234,246 427,488 2,473,873 South America 626,413 952,630 696,613 2,275,656 Middle East-North Africa 294,578 308,617 449,354 1,052,549 Sub-Saharan Africa 391,383 585,851 456,181 1,433,415 Total 49,991,539 61,964,868 60,911,822 172,868,229

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 29.2 % 35.0 % 35.8 % 100.0 % All foreign born 27.4 40.2 32.4 100.0 Mexico 31.8 51.5 16.8 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 25.1 33.7 41.2 100.0 Central Asia 29.3 36.9 33.8 100.0 South Asia 19.7 22.8 57.5 100.0 Oceania 22.7 34.3 43.0 100.0 Europe 21.1 29.3 49.6 100.0 Canada and Other North America 20.8 23.0 56.2 100.0 Caribbean 29.9 45.1 25.0 100.0 Central America 32.8 49.9 17.3 100.0 South America 27.5 41.9 30.6 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 28.0 29.3 42.7 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 27.3 40.9 31.8 100.0 All 28.9 % 35.8 % 35.2 % 100.0 %

Note: Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Median personal earnings, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 16 and older with positive earnings

All U.S. born $ ##### All foreign born ##### Mexico ##### East and Southeast Asia ##### Central Asia ##### South Asia ##### Oceania ##### Europe ##### Canada and Other North America ##### Caribbean ##### Central America ##### South America ##### Middle East-North Africa ##### Sub-Saharan Africa ##### All $ #####

Note: Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Full-time, year-round workers, by personal earnings, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population defined for persons ages 16 and older who worked at least 35 hours per week and at least 48 weeks in the past year

$20,000 to $50,000 Less than $20,000 $49,999 or more Total All U.S. born 7,845,991 39,738,851 47,051,911 94,636,753 All foreign born 2,397,846 9,493,484 8,586,063 20,477,393 Mexico 919,505 3,372,438 1,183,441 5,475,384 East and Southeast Asia 319,639 1,394,680 1,991,761 3,706,080 Central Asia 4,516 25,751 26,480 56,747 South Asia 98,350 400,806 1,288,662 1,787,818 Oceania 8,741 43,931 66,132 118,804 Europe 100,543 608,065 1,273,525 1,982,133 Canada and Other North America 15,141 70,912 240,867 326,920 Caribbean 284,162 1,084,258 652,055 2,020,475 Central America 310,297 1,059,731 400,099 1,770,127 South America 172,696 750,825 640,335 1,563,856 Middle East-North Africa 60,990 219,579 402,171 682,740 Sub-Saharan Africa 102,039 454,425 414,921 971,385 Total 10,243,837 49,232,335 55,637,974 115,114,146

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 8.3 % 42.0 % 49.7 % 100.0 % All foreign born 11.7 46.4 41.9 100.0 Mexico 16.8 61.6 21.6 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 8.6 37.6 53.7 100.0 Central Asia 8.0 45.4 46.7 100.0 South Asia 5.5 22.4 72.1 100.0 Oceania 7.4 37.0 55.7 100.0 Europe 5.1 30.7 64.3 100.0 Canada and Other North America 4.6 21.7 73.7 100.0 Caribbean 14.1 53.7 32.3 100.0 Central America 17.5 59.9 22.6 100.0 South America 11.0 48.0 40.9 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 8.9 32.2 58.9 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 10.5 46.8 42.7 100.0 All 8.9 % 42.8 % 48.3 % 100.0 %

Note: Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Median personal earnings for full-time, year-round workers, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population defined for persons ages 16 and older who worked at least 35 hours per week and at least 48 weeks in the past year

Note: Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Households, by Income, Nativity and Region of Birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 households 1st quintile 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (Up to $25,000) ($25,001-$48,000) ($48,001-$77,000) ($77,001-$125,000) ($125,001+) Total All U.S. born 20,744,178 20,248,951 20,666,522 21,103,134 20,231,215 102,994,000 All foreign born 3,963,050 3,809,344 3,599,831 3,438,157 3,715,803 18,526,185 Mexico 1,117,832 1,260,632 1,064,728 745,267 361,893 4,550,352 East and Southeast Asia 645,308 522,321 559,489 694,044 930,333 3,351,495 Central Asia 13,465 7,659 9,633 9,685 10,376 50,818 South Asia 152,752 153,246 200,924 333,207 628,139 1,468,268 Oceania 12,483 17,258 16,351 20,960 28,837 95,889 Europe 464,035 403,162 394,804 441,374 636,009 2,339,384 Canada and Other North America 72,741 58,409 70,938 72,963 135,332 410,383 Caribbean 526,856 430,911 386,883 319,706 253,729 1,918,085 Central America 313,847 364,005 302,928 233,591 142,635 1,357,006 South America 260,250 267,990 282,476 269,308 251,520 1,331,544 Middle East-North Africa 197,391 136,843 126,084 129,897 194,614 784,829 Sub-Saharan Africa 183,461 182,741 181,513 166,382 140,541 854,638 Total 24,707,228 24,058,295 24,266,353 24,541,291 23,947,018 121,520,185

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 20.1 % 19.7 % 20.1 % 20.5 % 19.6 % 100.0 % All foreign born 21.4 20.6 19.4 18.6 20.1 100.0 Mexico 24.6 27.7 23.4 16.4 8.0 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 19.3 15.6 16.7 20.7 27.8 100.0 Central Asia 26.5 15.1 19.0 19.1 20.4 100.0 South Asia 10.4 10.4 13.7 22.7 42.8 100.0 Oceania 13.0 18.0 17.1 21.9 30.1 100.0 Europe 19.8 17.2 16.9 18.9 27.2 100.0 Canada and Other North America 17.7 14.2 17.3 17.8 33.0 100.0 Caribbean 27.5 22.5 20.2 16.7 13.2 100.0 Central America 23.1 26.8 22.3 17.2 10.5 100.0 South America 19.5 20.1 21.2 20.2 18.9 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 25.2 17.4 16.1 16.6 24.8 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 21.5 21.4 21.2 19.5 16.4 100.0 All 20.3 % 19.8 % 20.0 % 20.2 % 19.7 % 100.0 %

Note: Quintiles are based upon 2018 total household income distribution. Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries.The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Households are classified by the nativity and region of birth of the household head. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Median household income, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 All U.S. born $ 61,460 All foreign born 59,000 Mexico 46,000 East and Southeast Asia 74,500 Central Asia 61,200 South Asia ###### Oceania 80,000 Europe 70,000 Canada and Other North America 79,170 Caribbean 48,400 Central America 48,200 South America 60,000 Middle East-North Africa 60,600 Sub-Saharan Africa 57,000 All $ 61,000

Note: Due to the way in which the IPUMS adjusts annual incomes, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Households are classified by the nativity and region of birth of the household head. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Poverty, by age, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Based on 2018 poverty universe*

PERSONS IN POVERTY Younger than 18 18 to 64 65 and older Total All U.S. born 12,673,836 19,142,453 3,701,173 35,517,462 All foreign born 621,170 4,758,288 1,093,699 6,473,157 Mexico 146,563 1,680,959 229,067 2,056,589 East and Southeast Asia 71,104 742,095 234,901 1,048,100 Central Asia *** 10,814 *** 18,101 South Asia 44,334 270,309 34,042 348,685 Oceania 4,775 25,281 4,015 34,071 Europe 31,323 246,935 166,543 444,801 Canada and Other North America 1,785 44,578 28,924 75,287 Caribbean 66,607 446,816 189,645 703,068 Central America 88,773 506,528 54,875 650,176 South America 37,312 275,913 69,967 383,192 Middle East-North Africa 58,923 247,945 51,528 358,396 Sub-Saharan Africa 68,103 257,369 23,773 349,245 Total 13,295,006 23,900,741 4,794,872 41,990,619

POVERTY RATE (%) Younger than 18 18 to 64 65 and older Total All U.S. born 18.1 % 11.9 % 8.4 % 12.9 % All foreign born 24.8 13.8 15.4 14.6 Mexico 33.4 17.7 19.9 18.6 East and Southeast Asia 16.8 11.6 13.9 12.3 Central Asia *** 10.8 *** 13.8 South Asia 16.0 9.1 8.6 9.6 Oceania 28.4 13.2 12.2 14.2 Europe 15.0 8.0 11.3 9.3 Canada and Other North America 4.6 8.4 11.8 9.3 Caribbean 25.8 13.7 21.2 15.9 Central America 32.1 17.2 17.2 18.3 South America 19.4 10.5 14.9 11.7 Middle East-North Africa 41.2 18.5 18.2 20.3 Sub-Saharan Africa 31.1 15.7 16.8 17.4 All 18.3 % 12.2 % 9.4 % 13.1 %

Note: The symbol *** indicates insufficient number of observations to provide a reliable estimate. *Poverty status is determined for individuals in housing units and noninstitutional group quarters. The poverty universe excludes children under age 15 who are not related to the householder, people living in institutional group quarters and people living in college dormitories or military barracks. Due to the way in which the IPUMS assigns poverty values, these data will differ from those that might be provided by the U.S. Census Bureau. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Persons without health insurance, by age, nativity and citizenship: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population PERSONS WITHOUT HEALTH INSURANCE Younger than 18 18 to 64 65 and older Total All U.S. born 3,151,463 17,814,856 160,248 21,126,567 All foreign born 470,026 8,021,029 270,679 8,761,734 Citizen 39,696 1,767,397 52,040 1,859,133 Non-citizen 430,330 6,253,632 218,639 6,902,601 Total 3,621,489 25,835,885 430,927 29,888,301

UNINSURED RATE (%) Younger than 18 18 to 64 65 and older Total All U.S. born 4.5 % 10.7 % 0.4 % 7.5 % All foreign born 18.5 22.9 3.8 19.6 Citizen 5.9 10.7 1.0 8.2 Non-citizen 23.1 33.9 12.4 31.3 All 4.9 % 12.8 % 0.8 % 9.1 %

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Type of health insurance, by nativity and citizenship: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population Both private Private Public and public No coverage All U.S. born 157,890,556 67,360,177 36,029,517 21,126,567 All foreign born 22,475,134 10,378,849 3,144,905 8,761,734 Citizen 12,427,076 5,878,685 2,514,631 1,859,133 Non-citizen 10,048,058 4,500,164 630,274 6,902,601 Total 180,365,690 77,739,026 39,174,422 29,888,301

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 55.9 % 23.9 % 12.8 % 7.5 % All foreign born 50.2 23.2 7.0 19.6 Citizen 54.8 25.9 11.1 8.2 Non-citizen 45.5 20.4 2.9 31.3 All 55.1 % 23.8 % 12.0 % 9.1 %

Note: Private health insurance includes employer-provided insurance, union-provided insurance, plans purchased by individuals from private insurance companies and TRICARE or other military health care. Public health insurance includes the federal insurance programs Medicare, Medicaid and Department of Veterans Affairs insurance. For more details, see https://usa.ipums.org/usa- action/variables/HCOVPUB#description_section. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Housing tenure, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 households Percent Owner-occupied Renter-occupied owner-occupied All U.S. born 68,000,212 34,993,788 66.0 % All foreign born 9,794,620 8,731,565 52.9 Mexico 2,243,024 2,307,328 49.3 East and Southeast Asia 2,081,163 1,270,332 62.1 Central Asia 20,415 30,403 40.2 South Asia 795,279 672,989 54.2 Oceania 51,073 44,816 53.3 Europe 1,556,742 782,642 66.5 Canada and Other North America 291,443 118,940 71.0 Caribbean 872,737 1,045,348 45.5 Central America 510,417 846,589 37.6 South America 657,642 673,902 49.4 Middle East-North Africa 399,941 384,888 51.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 310,229 544,409 36.3 Total 77,794,832 43,725,353 64.0 %

Note: The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Households are classified by the nativity and region of birth of the household head. Owner-occupied includes housing units that may have not yet been fully purchased and may be under a mortgage. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries.

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Homeownership among foreign-born heads of households, by years in U.S.: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born heads of households

Number of Percent Household heads homeowners owning home 0 to 5 years 1,953,374 350,430 17.9 % 6 to 10 years 1,525,590 509,155 33.4 11 to 15 years 1,959,649 787,560 40.2 16 to 20 years 2,739,477 1,335,477 48.7 Over 20 years 10,348,095 6,811,998 65.8 Total 18,526,185 9,794,620 52.9 %

Note: The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Persons, by household type, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 household population FAMILY HOUSEHOLD Female Male Non-family Married couple householder householder household Total All U.S. born 162,650,755 40,030,471 11,648,146 60,642,505 274,971,877 All foreign born 28,614,794 5,072,253 2,602,894 7,814,012 44,103,953 Mexico 7,102,790 1,357,563 814,370 1,766,120 11,040,843 East and Southeast Asia 5,844,453 821,434 432,438 1,385,360 8,483,685 Central Asia 91,309 14,042 4,659 20,847 130,857 South Asia 2,924,121 132,870 154,715 424,794 3,636,500 Oceania 163,677 18,862 7,298 48,729 238,566 Europe 3,200,467 348,564 144,132 1,077,062 4,770,225 Canada and Other North America 539,575 39,449 19,892 210,983 809,899 Caribbean 2,277,582 922,910 308,426 881,018 4,389,936 Central America 1,969,960 532,061 299,470 737,693 3,539,184 South America 2,099,704 418,611 182,197 572,260 3,272,772 Middle East-North Africa 1,219,997 148,510 102,994 295,956 1,767,407 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,162,909 314,175 130,272 387,082 1,994,338 Total 191,265,549 45,102,724 14,251,040 68,456,517 319,075,830

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 59.2 % 14.6 % 4.2 % 22.1 % 100.0 % All foreign born 64.9 11.5 5.9 17.7 100.0 Mexico 64.3 12.3 7.4 16.0 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 68.9 9.7 5.1 16.3 100.0 Central Asia 69.8 10.7 3.6 15.9 100.0 South Asia 80.4 3.7 4.3 11.7 100.0 Oceania 68.6 7.9 3.1 20.4 100.0 Europe 67.1 7.3 3.0 22.6 100.0 Canada and Other North America 66.6 4.9 2.5 26.1 100.0 Caribbean 51.9 21.0 7.0 20.1 100.0 Central America 55.7 15.0 8.5 20.8 100.0 South America 64.2 12.8 5.6 17.5 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 69.0 8.4 5.8 16.7 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 58.3 15.8 6.5 19.4 100.0 All 59.9 % 14.1 % 4.5 % 21.5 % 100.0 %

Note: The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Households, by type, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 households FAMILY HOUSEHOLD Married Female Male Non-family couple householder householder household Total All U.S. born 48,017,778 10,940,001 3,597,040 40,439,181 102,994,000 All foreign born 10,314,785 2,326,476 865,573 5,019,351 18,526,185 Mexico 2,632,717 664,201 274,729 978,705 4,550,352 East and Southeast Asia 1,974,166 336,281 131,865 909,183 3,351,495 Central Asia 30,267 4,960 1,207 14,384 50,818 South Asia 1,111,109 55,778 43,985 257,396 1,468,268 Oceania 56,180 7,003 2,802 29,904 95,889 Europe 1,241,036 181,925 60,814 855,609 2,339,384 Canada and Other North America 213,913 23,440 8,911 164,119 410,383 Caribbean 801,066 421,248 103,976 591,795 1,918,085 Central America 677,340 229,232 91,252 359,182 1,357,006 South America 709,706 188,874 59,361 373,603 1,331,544 Middle East-North Africa 459,380 65,872 38,423 221,154 784,829 Sub-Saharan Africa 401,245 145,565 47,578 260,250 854,638 Total 58,332,563 13,266,477 4,462,613 45,458,532 121,520,185

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 46.6 % 10.6 % 3.5 % 39.3 % 100.0 % All foreign born 55.7 12.6 4.7 27.1 100.0 Mexico 57.9 14.6 6.0 21.5 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 58.9 10.0 3.9 27.1 100.0 Central Asia 59.6 9.8 2.4 28.3 100.0 South Asia 75.7 3.8 3.0 17.5 100.0 Oceania 58.6 7.3 2.9 31.2 100.0 Europe 53.0 7.8 2.6 36.6 100.0 Canada and Other North America 52.1 5.7 2.2 40.0 100.0 Caribbean 41.8 22.0 5.4 30.9 100.0 Central America 49.9 16.9 6.7 26.5 100.0 South America 53.3 14.2 4.5 28.1 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 58.5 8.4 4.9 28.2 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 46.9 17.0 5.6 30.5 100.0 All 48.0 % 10.9 % 3.7 % 37.4 % 100.0 %

Note: The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Households are classified by the nativity and region of birth of the household head. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Households, by family size, nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 family households Three- or four- Five-person Two-person families person families families or more Total All U.S. born 31,633,627 23,852,552 7,068,640 62,554,819 All foreign born 4,234,378 6,276,513 2,995,943 13,506,834 Mexico 721,283 1,591,273 1,259,091 3,571,647 East and Southeast Asia 873,503 1,155,925 412,884 2,442,312 Central Asia 10,603 16,742 9,089 36,434 South Asia 326,733 689,836 194,303 1,210,872 Oceania 23,576 26,444 15,965 65,985 Europe 751,624 596,017 136,134 1,483,775 Canada and Other North America 145,093 79,391 21,780 246,264 Caribbean 478,277 629,256 218,757 1,326,290 Central America 228,856 483,986 284,982 997,824 South America 321,244 483,961 152,736 957,941 Middle East-North Africa 183,784 256,480 123,411 563,675 Sub-Saharan Africa 166,685 263,709 163,994 594,388 Total 35,868,005 30,129,065 10,064,583 76,061,653

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 50.6 % 38.1 % 11.3 % 100.0 % All foreign born 31.3 46.5 22.2 100.0 Mexico 20.2 44.6 35.3 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 35.8 47.3 16.9 100.0 Central Asia 29.1 46.0 24.9 100.0 South Asia 27.0 57.0 16.0 100.0 Oceania 35.7 40.1 24.2 100.0 Europe 50.7 40.2 9.2 100.0 Canada and Other North America 58.9 32.2 8.8 100.0 Caribbean 36.1 47.4 16.5 100.0 Central America 22.9 48.5 28.6 100.0 South America 33.5 50.5 15.9 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 32.6 45.5 21.9 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 28.0 44.4 27.6 100.0 All 47.2 % 39.6 % 13.2 % 100.0 %

Note: The household population excludes persons living in institutions, college dormitories and other group quarters. Households are classified by the nativity and region of birth of the household head. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Living arrangements of children, by nativity and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population ages 17 and younger

Parent Grandparent householder householder Other Total All U.S. born 61,872,698 5,903,957 2,959,998 70,736,653 All foreign born 2,131,121 112,369 292,796 2,536,286 Mexico 351,170 29,263 63,352 443,785 East and Southeast Asia 359,332 19,091 48,862 427,285 Central Asia *** *** *** *** South Asia 256,475 5,040 17,116 278,631 Oceania 13,259 1,735 2,297 17,291 Europe 192,378 3,248 14,835 210,461 Canada and Other North America 36,991 794 1,428 39,213 Caribbean 201,284 22,150 36,888 260,322 Central America 204,887 17,075 60,750 282,712 South America 166,799 7,488 19,474 193,761 Middle East-North Africa 133,958 1,124 9,088 144,170 Sub-Saharan Africa 199,651 4,988 17,605 222,244 Total 64,003,819 6,016,326 3,252,794 73,272,939

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION All U.S. born 87.5 % 8.3 % 4.2 % 100.0 % All foreign born 84.0 4.4 11.5 100.0 Mexico 79.1 6.6 14.3 100.0 East and Southeast Asia 84.1 4.5 11.4 100.0 Central Asia *** *** *** *** South Asia 92.0 1.8 6.1 100.0 Oceania 76.7 10.0 13.3 100.0 Europe 91.4 1.5 7.0 100.0 Canada and Other North America 94.3 2.0 3.6 100.0 Caribbean 77.3 8.5 14.2 100.0 Central America 72.5 6.0 21.5 100.0 South America 86.1 3.9 10.1 100.0 Middle East-North Africa 92.9 0.8 6.3 100.0 Sub-Saharan Africa 89.8 2.2 7.9 100.0 All 87.3 % 8.2 % 4.4 % 100.0 %

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Foreign-born population, by region: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population Foreign-born Total Percent population population foreign born Northeast 9,452,628 56,111,079 16.8 % Midwest 5,047,500 68,308,749 7.4 South 15,070,445 124,753,948 12.1 West 15,190,049 77,993,663 19.5 Total 44,760,622 327,167,439 13.7 %

Note: For details on the states included in each region, see https://usa.ipums.org/usa- action/variables/REGION#description_section. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Nativity, by state: 2018 Universe: 2018 resident population

Foreign-born U.S.-born Total Percent population population population foreign born California 10,609,674 28,947,371 39,557,045 26.8 % Texas 4,934,187 23,767,658 28,701,845 17.2 Florida 4,472,190 16,827,135 21,299,325 21.0 New York 4,456,968 15,085,241 19,542,209 22.8 New Jersey 2,039,032 6,869,488 8,908,520 22.9 Illinois 1,806,150 10,934,930 12,741,080 14.2 Massachussetts 1,195,593 5,706,604 6,902,197 17.3 Washington 1,109,546 6,426,045 7,535,591 14.7 Virginia 1,066,050 7,451,635 8,517,685 12.5 Georgia 1,064,448 9,455,027 10,519,475 10.1

Arizona 961,236 6,210,410 7,171,646 13.4 Pennsylvania 931,955 11,875,105 12,807,060 7.3 Maryland 908,735 5,133,983 6,042,718 15.0 North Carolina 818,383 9,565,237 10,383,620 7.9 Michigan 699,218 9,296,697 9,995,915 7.0 Nevada 591,532 2,442,860 3,034,392 19.5 Colorado 557,944 5,137,620 5,695,564 9.8 Ohio 552,923 11,136,519 11,689,442 4.7 Connecticut 522,022 3,050,643 3,572,665 14.6 Minnesota 481,444 5,129,735 5,611,179 8.6

Oregon 427,540 3,763,173 4,190,713 10.2 Indiana 358,801 6,333,077 6,691,878 5.4 Tennessee 355,451 6,414,559 6,770,010 5.3 Wisconsin 293,897 5,519,671 5,813,568 5.1 Utah 265,666 2,895,439 3,161,105 8.4 Hawaii 264,546 1,155,945 1,420,491 18.6 Missouri 262,488 5,863,964 6,126,452 4.3 South Carolina 255,855 4,828,272 5,084,127 5.0 Oklahoma 234,602 3,708,477 3,943,079 5.9 Kansas 207,646 2,703,864 2,911,510 7.1

New Mexico 197,508 1,897,920 2,095,428 9.4 Louisiana 191,369 4,468,609 4,659,978 4.1 Iowa 181,110 2,975,035 3,156,145 5.7 Kentucky 169,564 4,298,838 4,468,402 3.8 Alabama 163,318 4,724,553 4,887,871 3.3 Arkansas 147,109 2,866,716 3,013,825 4.9 Rhode Island 144,940 912,375 1,057,315 13.7 Nebraska 138,175 1,791,093 1,929,268 7.2

Idaho 106,007 1,648,201 1,754,208 6.0

District of Columbia 99,022 603,433 702,455 14.1

Delaware 90,373 876,798 967,171 9.3 New Hampshire 82,552 1,273,858 1,356,410 6.1 Mississippi 73,333 2,913,197 2,986,530 2.5 Alaska 57,127 680,311 737,438 7.7 Maine 49,487 1,288,917 1,338,404 3.7 North Dakota 36,103 723,974 760,077 4.7 Vermont 30,079 596,220 626,299 4.8 South Dakota 29,545 852,690 882,235 3.3 West Virginia 26,456 1,779,376 1,805,832 1.5 Montana 23,718 1,038,587 1,062,305 2.2

Wyoming 18,005 559,732 577,737 3.1 Total 44,760,622 282,406,817 327,167,439 13.7 %

Note: States and D.C. are listed in descending order of number of foreign-born residents in Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

PEW RESEARCH CENTER Foreign born, by state and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population East and Foreign Southeast Canada and Other Central South Middle East- Sub-Saharan born Mexico Asia Central Asia South Asia Oceania Europe North America Caribbean America America North Africa Africa California 10,609,674 4,032,642 3,041,608 20,162 685,080 81,509 750,853 130,706 72,331 898,430 276,460 474,724 139,669 Texas 4,934,187 2,516,437 611,081 5,341 392,556 11,528 203,699 53,080 111,394 475,591 174,277 139,653 235,927 Florida 4,472,190 254,426 276,951 6,261 121,787 8,431 423,017 118,605 1,805,330 422,020 891,368 94,174 49,109 N. York 4,456,968 222,031 759,985 43,991 368,029 16,027 712,267 58,904 1,067,671 267,790 582,319 172,222 185,602 N. Jersey 2,039,032 107,599 296,471 3,986 310,193 2,179 283,642 16,962 366,491 150,076 336,559 87,771 77,103 Illinois 1,806,150 642,065 297,303 3,737 216,207 2,581 366,709 19,222 29,459 53,914 58,010 61,197 55,565 Massachussetts 1,195,593 16,119 219,756 3,046 96,913 4,175 234,633 31,767 203,758 92,857 147,985 56,662 87,708 Washington 1,109,546 256,836 347,596 7,436 101,619 14,739 158,768 43,535 9,806 36,379 24,751 33,677 69,271 Virginia 1,066,050 50,763 239,116 2,731 156,476 3,105 102,609 14,311 35,473 207,214 94,604 70,425 89,118 Georgia 1,064,448 237,281 173,462 1,597 130,316 5,837 83,284 17,692 100,473 94,455 81,144 30,427 108,335

Arizona 961,236 529,069 115,085 1,659 51,315 4,335 84,187 43,108 17,801 29,278 20,226 31,127 33,504 Pennsylvania 931,955 52,545 190,363 4,149 132,920 3,741 169,487 15,722 153,885 38,895 57,196 42,801 70,080 Maryland 908,735 34,035 166,566 1,798 90,083 1,711 78,210 8,418 83,626 162,501 74,915 31,838 174,796 N. Carolina 818,383 229,977 117,461 1,461 96,136 4,686 85,807 18,749 44,572 88,921 57,102 26,471 46,452 Michigan 699,218 89,142 133,584 2,228 103,809 2,367 123,378 35,443 19,781 12,767 15,084 133,175 28,415 Nevada 591,532 230,941 153,417 239 13,876 2,594 50,013 10,921 25,808 44,881 25,017 11,719 21,625 Colorado 557,944 221,927 88,943 4,245 34,487 2,869 73,001 15,408 6,682 33,540 22,277 20,893 33,443 Ohio 552,923 44,382 111,604 4,603 89,514 3,982 102,685 14,751 18,281 23,978 15,661 43,881 79,394 Connecticut 522,022 20,831 54,960 1,061 60,225 1,211 110,599 13,991 90,141 40,609 88,967 15,511 23,705 Minnesota 481,444 58,148 123,900 1,884 37,058 1,960 46,634 10,996 5,844 20,168 23,884 19,304 131,638

Oregon 427,540 152,733 103,886 3,994 24,006 6,680 58,291 14,492 4,482 15,981 14,060 11,978 15,993 Indiana 358,801 108,445 80,253 *** 38,453 1,599 42,443 8,706 10,219 20,053 13,362 11,021 23,978 Tennessee 355,451 84,132 60,870 *** 27,736 2,034 41,788 7,501 12,833 42,529 16,045 34,431 25,034 Wisconsin 293,897 82,867 72,126 *** 31,558 *** 49,210 5,262 6,099 11,494 14,362 7,358 12,010 Utah 265,666 94,126 37,795 *** 14,596 7,976 23,711 7,483 5,730 15,939 40,262 5,992 9,389 Hawaii 264,546 6,501 200,466 *** 1,554 24,747 10,081 3,974 3,582 2,311 4,040 1,132 *** Missouri 262,488 38,406 64,648 *** 26,633 4,344 48,209 3,235 9,115 10,941 11,829 12,770 31,206 S. Carolina 255,855 62,118 43,335 *** 18,643 *** 48,815 9,490 13,757 25,043 21,026 5,276 7,014 Oklahoma 234,602 104,808 37,637 *** 17,066 1,177 17,635 6,378 3,199 16,756 8,282 10,804 10,860 Kansas 207,646 84,806 39,589 *** 23,782 2,790 11,977 2,050 2,396 17,614 6,135 6,016 9,677

N. Mexico 197,508 141,805 15,366 *** 5,607 *** 10,871 2,442 3,612 6,106 4,371 3,397 2,956 Louisiana 191,369 30,501 45,288 *** 10,194 *** 14,248 2,035 13,356 46,559 11,287 11,182 6,214 Iowa 181,110 47,025 43,441 *** 19,760 2,201 18,128 2,741 5,266 9,236 2,104 12,743 18,382 Kentucky 169,564 27,559 36,924 1,693 14,817 1,143 22,046 2,853 14,559 18,095 6,792 7,567 15,319 Alabama 163,318 44,820 33,928 *** 14,798 *** 22,911 2,452 6,647 17,034 8,056 4,337 7,176 Arkansas 147,109 58,937 22,923 *** 8,892 4,137 8,408 2,533 1,469 26,382 4,665 2,981 5,782 R. Island 144,940 3,394 17,726 *** 7,829 *** 28,289 2,999 32,689 18,726 10,093 4,646 18,255 Nebraska 138,175 47,082 26,100 *** 9,457 *** 11,123 2,497 4,481 15,895 6,089 4,318 9,756 Idaho 106,007 54,726 15,311 *** 2,948 *** 9,661 5,772 *** 4,978 5,762 5,001 *** District of Columbia 99,022 3,190 11,488 *** 3,756 *** 19,716 2,488 9,798 18,946 8,010 4,235 16,473

Delaware 90,373 13,884 16,278 *** 13,238 *** 9,013 1,545 9,545 12,853 4,316 1,985 7,562 N. Hampshire 82,552 1,459 14,862 *** 15,071 *** 21,148 7,822 6,594 3,209 4,496 3,047 4,542 Mississippi 73,333 16,893 11,865 *** 7,433 *** 9,912 1,432 4,372 10,848 4,072 3,368 2,558 Alaska 57,127 5,893 29,797 *** 1,306 1,054 7,914 4,256 1,219 *** 2,172 *** 1,679 Maine 49,487 *** 11,676 *** 3,856 *** 11,211 8,904 *** *** 1,222 2,415 7,408 N. Dakota 36,103 1,466 6,166 *** 7,442 *** 1,938 2,117 2,388 *** *** 2,374 10,975 Vermont 30,079 *** 5,383 *** 3,697 *** 7,123 5,936 3,237 *** *** *** 1,516 S. Dakota 29,545 1,961 6,873 *** 3,186 *** 3,314 *** 1,186 3,670 *** 3,444 5,414 W. Virginia 26,456 2,845 8,360 *** 2,698 *** 4,201 *** 1,441 1,198 *** 3,002 1,022 Montana 23,718 3,603 5,340 *** *** *** 6,836 3,635 *** 1,031 1,303 *** ***

Wyoming 18,005 7,206 3,616 *** *** *** 4,617 *** *** *** *** *** *** Total 44,760,622 ######## 8,648,528 131,854 3,668,982 246,371 4,848,270 827,093 4,463,891 3,590,330 3,304,380 1,784,898 2,032,470

Note: States and D.C. are listed in descending order of number of foreign-born residents in 2017. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries.

Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

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Share of foreign born, by state and region of birth: 2018 Universe: 2018 foreign-born resident population

Percent of East and Central Canada and Other Central South Middle East- Sub-Saharan foreign born Mexico Southeast Asia Asia South Asia Oceania Europe North America Caribbean America America North Africa Africa California 23.7 % 36.1 % 35.2 % 15.3 % 18.7 % 33.1 % 15.5 % 15.8 % 1.6 % 25.0 % 8.4 % 25.7 % 7.0 % Texas 11.0 22.5 7.1 4.1 10.7 4.7 4.2 6.4 2.5 13.2 5.3 8.4 11.3 Florida 10.0 2.3 3.2 4.7 3.3 3.4 8.7 14.3 40.4 11.8 27.0 5.1 2.5 New York 10.0 2.0 8.8 33.4 10.0 6.5 14.7 7.1 23.9 7.5 17.6 9.5 9.3 New Jersey 4.6 1.0 3.4 3.0 8.5 0.9 5.9 2.1 8.2 4.2 10.2 4.8 3.9 Illinois 4.0 5.7 3.4 2.8 5.9 1.0 7.6 2.3 0.7 1.5 1.8 3.4 2.7 Massachussetts 2.7 0.1 2.5 2.3 2.6 1.7 4.8 3.8 4.6 2.6 4.5 3.1 4.4 Washington 2.5 2.3 4.0 5.6 2.8 6.0 3.3 5.3 0.2 1.0 0.7 1.8 3.5 Virginia 2.4 0.5 2.8 2.1 4.3 1.3 2.1 1.7 0.8 5.8 2.9 4.0 4.4 Georgia 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.2 3.6 2.4 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.5 1.9 5.3

Arizona 2.1 4.7 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.7 5.2 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.7 1.7 Pennsylvania 2.1 0.5 2.2 3.1 3.6 1.5 3.5 1.9 3.4 1.1 1.7 2.3 3.5 Maryland 2.0 0.3 1.9 1.4 2.5 0.7 1.6 1.0 1.9 4.5 2.3 2.8 7.9 North Carolina 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.1 2.6 1.9 1.8 2.3 1.0 2.5 1.7 1.5 2.3 Michigan 1.6 0.8 1.5 1.7 2.8 1.0 2.5 4.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 7.2 1.4 Nevada 1.3 2.1 1.8 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 0.8 0.6 1.1 Colorado 1.2 2.0 1.0 3.2 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.9 0.1 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.6 Ohio 1.2 0.4 1.3 3.5 2.4 1.6 2.1 1.8 0.4 0.7 0.5 2.4 4.0 Connecticut 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 1.6 0.5 2.3 1.7 2.0 1.1 2.7 0.8 1.2 Minnesota 1.1 0.5 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.3 0.1 0.6 0.7 1.3 6.5

Oregon 1.0 1.4 1.2 3.0 0.7 2.7 1.2 1.8 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 Indiana 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.2 Tennessee 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.3 1.2 0.5 1.8 1.3 Wisconsin 0.7 0.7 0.8 <0.05 0.9 0.4 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 Utah 0.6 0.8 0.4 <0.05 0.4 3.2 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.5 Hawaii 0.6 0.1 2.3 0.1 <0.05 10.0 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.05 Missouri 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.6 South Carolina 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.4 1.0 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 Oklahoma 0.5 0.9 0.4 <0.05 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.6 Kansas 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.5

New Mexico 0.4 1.3 0.2 <0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Louisiana 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 Iowa 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.9 Kentucky 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.8 Alabama 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 Arkansas 0.3 0.5 0.3 <0.05 0.2 1.7 0.2 0.3 <0.05 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 Rhode Island 0.3 <0.05 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.9 Nebraska 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 Idaho 0.2 0.5 0.2 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.2 0.7 <0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 <0.05 District of Columbia 0.2 <0.05 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.7

Delaware 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 <0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 New Hampshire 0.2 <0.05 0.2 <0.05 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 Mississippi 0.2 0.2 0.1 <0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 Alaska 0.1 0.1 0.3 <0.05 <0.05 0.4 0.2 0.5 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.1 Maine 0.1 <0.05 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 0.4 North Dakota 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.2 <0.05 <0.05 0.3 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 0.2 0.5 Vermont 0.1 <0.05 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 South Dakota 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.2 0.3 West Virginia 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 0.1 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.2 <0.05 Montana 0.1 <0.05 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 0.4 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Wyoming <0.05 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Note: States and D.C. are listed in descending order of number of foreign born in 2018. See "Countries by regional classification" for details on our regional grouping of countries. Source: Pew Research Center tabulations of 2018 American Community Survey (1% IPUMS). "Statistical Portrait of the Foreign-Born Population in the United States, 2018"

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