Art, Religion and Hatred
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General Assembly Distr.: General 4 October 2004 English Original: French
United Nations A/59/330 General Assembly Distr.: General 4 October 2004 English Original: French Fifty-ninth session Item 105 (a) of the provisional agenda* Elimination of racism and racial discrimination: elimination of racism and racial discrimination Combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance and comprehensive implementation of and follow-up to the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action Note by the Secretary-General** The Secretary-General has the honour to transmit to members of the General Assembly the study on the question of political platforms which promote or incite racial discrimination submitted by Doudou Diène, Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance pursuant to Assembly resolution 58/159. * A/59/150. ** This document is submitted late so as to include the most up-to-date information possible. 04-49967 (E) 220904 061004 *0449967* A/59/330 Summary The present study is submitted pursuant to paragraph 14 of General Assembly resolution 58/159 in which the Assembly invited the Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance to submit to the General Assembly at its fifty-ninth session the study on the issue of political platforms that promote or incite racial discrimination, as requested by the Commission in its resolution 2003/41, and updated and expanded as appropriate. The study reviews political parties or other organizations that promote racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance worldwide. The Special Rapporteur highlights three main factors in the study. -
Hate Crimes and Intolerance in the Russian Federation Written by Paul Legendre Edited by Michael Mcclintock June 26, 2006
Minorities Under Siege Hate Crimes and Intolerance in the Russian Federation Written by Paul LeGendre Edited by Michael McClintock June 26, 2006 Table of Contents Executive Summary................................................ i Recommendations ................................................iii I. Introduction ......................................................... 1 II. The Framework of Criminal and Civil Law to Address Hate Crimes ......................... 3 III. Transparent Systems of Monitoring and Statistical Reporting........................................ 9 IV. Official Anti-Discrimination Bodies ................ 13 V. Hate Crimes and the Public ............................ 15 Endnotes.............................................................. 25 PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/326186/ Acknowledgements Human Rights First gratefully acknowledges the generous support of Anonymous, the David Berg Foundation, Carnegie Corporation of New York, The Elysium Foundation, Ford Foundation, FJC—A Foundation of Donor Advised Funds, Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation, J.M. Kaplan Fund, The Kaplen Foundation, John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, John Merck Fund, Merlin Foundation, Oak Foundation, Scherman Foundation, Inc., and the Paul D. Schurgot Foundation. This report was written by Paul LeGendre and edited by Michael McClintock. Michael Posner, Eric Biel, and Archi Pyati also provided editorial comments on the report. Contributions to the research and writing were provided by Alexander Verk- -
Neo-Nazism and Racist Violence in Russia, Harriet Neely, 2015
CERS Working Paper 2015 Neo-Nazism and Racist Violence in Russia Harriet Neely Introduction: Within the Russian Federation there is a distressing trend of racist and xenophobic attitudes. When these attitudes rest in the minds of extremist individuals such as neo- Nazis and skinheads the result can be the manifestation of racial violence towards targeted individuals. It is this violent and extremist behaviour carried out by neo-Nazis and skinheads that will be the main focus of this essay. The Russian Federation materialised as a sovereign state after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Russia has a unique history of excluding individuals from its society as demonstrated when leaders of the Soviet Union forcibly removed people they deemed as enemies such as the Chechens, Balkars and Kurds on the grounds of their ethnic or national origin (Amnesty International, 2003). In Russia today ethnic minorities are still subjected to unequal rights and face unfair racial violence. The United Nations Special Rappourteur, on his visit to Russia, reported on the alarming nature of racially motivated crimes and attacks by neo-Nazi groups and others. The violence demonstrated by these groups portrays a shift in ideology from the Soviet Union’s ‘friendship amongst people’, which suppressed racism and xenophobia to the new nationalist ideology of the Russian Federation. The economic and social crisis experienced by Russia gave way to the appearance of ultranationalist groups such as the neo-Nazis who use physical violence against those they consider their enemies (United Nations, 2006) as a result it is this behaviour and the motivation behind it that will be considered further. -
Report International Fact-Finding Mission the ROMA of RUSSIA: the Subject of Multiple Forms of Discrimination
Northwest Center for the Legal and Social Protection of Roma International Federation for Human Rights SAINT PETERSBURG MEMORIAL Report International fact-finding mission THE ROMA OF RUSSIA: the subject of multiple forms of discrimination Photograph: Joakim Eskildsen Photograph: A Madjary woman in front of her makeshift home n° 407/2 November 2004 THE ROMA OF RUSSIA: the subject of multiple forms of discrimination Table of Contents I. Background . 3 1. Aim and organisation of the mission . 3 2. Romani communities in Russia . 4 a) General background. 4 b) The communities encountered . 5 II. Omnipresent violence. 6 1. The context : " ambient racism " . 6 a) The rise of nationalism and xenophobia in Russia . 6 b) Roma, victims of ancient prejudice and new hatred . 7 2. Relations with the Russian population and Administration. 8 a) Living side by side does not obviate tension or stigmatisation . 8 b) A would-be universalist attitude is a facade for prejudice and discrimination . 9 3. Racist violence committed by skinheads. 11 4. Police violence . 13 a) Inadequate police protection . 13 b) Tabor operation . 14 c) Police Harassment and Corruption . 15 d) Police Violence and Fabrication of Evidence . 16 III. Economic and social rights and discrimination. 19 1. Difficulties obtaining administrative documents: citizenship, registration . 19 2. Housing and access to municipal services . 20 a) Different types of housing . 20 b) Discrimination in access to decent housing and municipal services . 21 3. Resources and Access to Employment . 22 a) Resources and Employment Discrimination . 22 b) The issue of drug trafficking . 23 4. Access to health services limited to emergency treatment. -
Statement on the Case of Oleg Yanushevski – ARTICLE 19, London, June 2005
STATEM EN T on the Case of O leg Yanushevski London July 2005 ARTICLE 19 · 6-8 Am w ell Street · London EC1R 1U Q · U nited Kingdom Tel +44 20 7278 9292 · Fax +44 20 7278 7660 · info@ article19.org · http://w w w .article19.org ARTICLE 19 GLOBAL CAMPAIGN FOR FREE EXPRESSION TABLE O F CO N TEN TS 1. Background ....................................................................................................3 1.1. Oleg Yanushevki’s case...........................................................................3 1.2. Other Cases..............................................................................................4 2. International standards and Russian Law on freedom of expression and the incitement ofreligious hatred .............................................................................5 2.1. International standards.............................................................................5 2.2. Russian law and practice on the incitement of religious hatred..............7 2.2.1. Analysis.............................................................................................8 3. A general climate of intolerance....................................................................8 3.1. The State’s Actions..................................................................................9 3.2. Anti-Semitism........................................................................................10 4. Risk Assessment ..........................................................................................11 5. Conclusions..................................................................................................13 -
The Medvedev Thaw: Is It Real? Will It Last?
THE MEDVEDEV THAW: IS IT REAL? WILL IT LAST? HEARING BEFORE THE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JUNE 23, 2009 Printed for the use of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe [CSCE 111–1–4] ( Available via http://www.csce.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 75–512 PDF WASHINGTON : 2012 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 0ct 09 2002 10:23 Sep 18, 2012 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 U:\WORK\062309.TXT KATIE COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS HOUSE SENATE ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida, BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland, Co-Chairman Chairman EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, Connecticut LOUISE McINTOSH SLAUGHTER, SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island New York TOM UDALL, New Mexico MIKE McINTYRE, North Carolina JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire G.K. BUTTERFIELD, North Carolina SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey SAXBY CHAMBLISS, Georgia ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama RICHARD BURR, North Carolina JOSEPH R. PITTS, Pennsylvania ROBERT F. WICKER, Mississippi DARRELL E. ISSA, California EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS VACANT, Department of State VACANT, Department of Defense ALEXANDER VERSHBOW, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (II) VerDate 0ct 09 2002 10:23 Sep 18, 2012 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 U:\WORK\062309.TXT KATIE THE MEDVEDEV THAW: IS IT REAL? WILL IT LAST? JUNE 23, 2009 COMMISSIONERS Page Hon. -
FROM GRAFFITI to GENOCIDE: WHY ARE THERE DIFFERENT FORMS of ETHNIC VIOLENCE? DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of T
FROM GRAFFITI TO GENOCIDE: WHY ARE THERE DIFFERENT FORMS OF ETHNIC VIOLENCE? DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Richard Arnold, B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Professor Theodore Hopf, Advisor Approved by: Professor Marcus Kurtz ______ ____________ Professor Gregory Jusdanis Advisor Graduate Program in Political Science Copyright by Richard Alan Arnold 2009 ii Abstract In the past, scholars have sought to explain why ethnic violence occurs, who it benefits, or whether “ethnic” conflict is really “ethnic” at all. Others use studies of ethnic conflict as a way of generating insights into the nature of ethnicity as a phenomenon itself- a way of testing the claims to venerable antiquity of members of an ethnos against the facts on the ground. It is not surprising, then, that few ask why violence takes different forms in different circumstances- from graffiti to genocide. Yet this question stands to generate insights into many of those listed above, by indicating not just whether “ethnicity” can mobilize but the manner in which it does as well and so bearing on the question of how “ethnic” such violence actually is. Why are there different forms of ethnic violence? This is the question which motivates this research, seeking to explain why participants in ethnic violence sometimes choose to use one form and sometimes another. In answering this question, I elaborate a typology of forms of ethnic violence that sees such acts as essentially communicative. Whatever else it does, violence sends a “message” to those on the receiving end. -
Neo-Fascism and the State: the Negotiation of National Identity in Modern Russia
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Communication Dissertations Department of Communication 5-10-2017 Neo-Fascism and the State: The Negotiation of National Identity in Modern Russia Hanna Baranchuk Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_diss Recommended Citation Baranchuk, Hanna, "Neo-Fascism and the State: The Negotiation of National Identity in Modern Russia." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2017. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_diss/84 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Communication at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NEO-FASCISM AND THE STATE: THE NEGOTIATION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY IN MODERN RUSSIA by HANNA BARANCHUK Under the Direction of M. Lane Bruner, PhD ABSTRACT The present dissertation is a study of the process of national identity renegotiation in modern Russia. More specifically, I analyze the use of the word fascism in contemporary Russian discourse. Developing a blend of Kenneth Burke’s theory of human motives and Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalytic theory of the subject, I compare the psycho-rhetorical narratives of the four distinct parties - Vladimir Putin, state-sponsored “anti-fascists” (Nashi), independent anti- fascists (Antifa), and neo-fascists - which fight over the usage of the word fascism in their attempts to renegotiate the meaning of Russianness. While explicating the mechanism of national identity construction, Lacan’s theory, as I argue, does not help distinguish among various visions of the nation. Therefore, I build upon Burke’s classification of symbolic frames (comedy, tragedy, epic, elegy, satire, the burlesque, and the grotesque) to differentiate among alternative fantasy-frames (Lacanian fantasy and Burkean frame) as more or less politically dangerous and ethically sophisticated. -
RUSSIAN FEDERATION Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders Annual Report 2010
RUSSIAN FEDERATION observatory for the protection of human rights defenders ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Political context In Russia, the year 2009 was marked by an unprecedented number of murders and violent attacks on human rights defenders and independ1- ent journalists. These attacks were intended to establish a reign of terror . Government measures to identify, try and sentence the culprits and, more generally, to ensure the protection of human rights defenders, independent journalists and members of the opposition remained insufficient. There was a general climate of insecurity and violence throughout the country. Fascist groups continued to make xenophobic speeches as the2 number of public demonstrations and racist crimes and attacks increased . In parallel, the idea that Russia is invaded by an uncontrollable flood of migrants who have come to steal work from Russians was widely relayed in the press and in official speeches, giving legitimacy to the stigmatisation and impunity for the attacks endured by defenders of migrants’ and minorities’ rights. Insecurity was aggravated by the general climate of impunity that reigned in the country, the violence commonly used by the police force, and by a defective legal S I C system. Faced with this situation, at the end of December 2009 the Russian / E President promised to revise the judicial system, the police and the prisons. P URO E Moreover, the Russian President’s promises to democratise the country resulted in little that was concrete. The opposition still had considerable difficulty in making itself heard and there was no end to attacks on freedom of expression. Dissident voices were harshly repressed and were still consid- ered as threats.