REASONS FOR COLONIZATION REASONS 4 the 13 Colonies Key Individuals from the Colonial Era New Hampshire—religious for THREE G’S William Penn—founded Pennsylvania as a safe place for Quaker to worship freely, and Puritans wrote a colonial legislature that promoted limited government and religious tolerance Gold—Establish Mercantilism Massachusetts—religious rea- Thomas Hooker—founded Connecticut on the idea of religious tolerance, greatly influ- sons founded by Pilgrims/ God—Spread Christianity and escape religious persecution Puritans enced the writing of the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the first colonial constitution.

Glory—Personal Fame and wealth Rhode Island—founded by Roger John Locke—Enlightened philosopher who came up with the idea of the social contract, Williams on the idea of separa- and that humans have the 3 unalienable rights, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness tion of church and state. Key Dates and Events Charles Montesquieu—came up with the idea of separation of powers when governing Connecticut—founded by Thom- 1607—Jamestown is founded, it was England’s first successful colony in as Hooker on idea of religious Anne Hutchinson—challenged Puritan ideas about congregations and God, was banished North America tolerance from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

1620—Plymouth was founded by Pilgrims seeking religious freedom, New York, New Jersey, Dela- Roger Williams– founded Rhode Island after dissenting from Puritan teaching, founded and the Mayflower Compact was signed making Plymouth the first self- ware— political reasons, these Rhode Island in idea of separation of church and state. colonies were all once apart of governing English colony. Dutch lands that were seized by Eliza Lucas Pinckney—she introduced indigo as a successful cash crop in South Carolina the British. which help to establish as a cash crop growing colony. KEY Physical Characteristics of the 13 Colonies Pennsylvania—founded by Wil- Reasons for the Development of Colonial Self governing Institutions Atlantic Coast Line—all of the 13 colonies developed along the Atlantic liam Penn for Quakers (Religious)  Distance from Great Britain Coastline, this was done to allow colonist access to the resources of the Maryland—founded as haven for ocean, it allowed for them to develop centers of trade in areas where Catholics (Religious)  Familiarity with English Traditions about governing and rights of the people natural harbors existed, the proximity to the coastline also allowed for Virginia—Political in that it was  Need for more local control in colonies the rapid development many colonial cities such as North Carolina, New England’s first colony in North Jersey, Virginia, New York, and Massachusetts Bay Colonies . America, economic because the Role of Religion in the Development of representative governments in Colonial grew and sold tobacco. America Appalachian Mountains—this mountain chain acted as a barrier to colo- North & South Carolina— nial settlement, colonist could not cross them easily, this prevented economic both produced tobacco  Religious leaders were the first to establish self governing colonies Western expansion during the colonial era. for sale to England  Religious leaders taught the importance of equality and tolerance, this led Coastal Plains – the coastal plains were great farmland it had rich soil Georgia—Social, founded by people to feel their government should reflect the same James Oglethorpe for Debtors, that allowed the Southern Colonies to develop a plantation economy . political in the it was used a barri-  New congregations sprung up that were more diverse and accepting Natural Harbors—the Chesapeake Bay and Massachusetts Bay area are er between Spanish Florida and the rest of the colonies examples of areas that developed as trade centers because of this fea- Life of Free and Enslaved Africans in Colonial America ture. Enslaved Africans: Political—no political voice, no rights, they were seen as property, not people Economic—they were the labor for plantations in the south, they earned no pay Mayflower Compact— Virginia House of Burgess- The Fundamental Orders of for their work, Social—were not considered apart of the American identity, they were signed in 1620, established es—est. in 1619, it was the Connecticut—est. in 1639, property not people to many Americans a self governing colony at 1st representative assembly they were greatly influenced Free Africans: Political—no political voice, limited rights, Economic—they were low wage Plymouth. It is the 1st self in North America. The peo- by Thomas Hooker and is con- earners, Social—they held the lowest status among the social classes, they had no access governing English Colony. ple were allowed to elect sidered the 1st written Consti- to education, they remained socially isolated in colonial life their representatives.

tution in America. For All African Americans there were three main refuges: Family, religion, resistance

3 SIGNIFICANT COLONIAL COLONIAL SIGNIFICANT 3 GOVERNMENTS