TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY theoretical results facilitate to were of vibrator sompoton sound the compare called is similar toother vibrating circular membrane instruments. it and instrument musical less pitch a as noted is Kompang produced. sound the of analysis the for produced by Malaysia, them researches INTRODUCTION © Transactions on Received Full Article Sape Frequency of Soundand BodyVibration of Effects of String Tension toFundamental Transac effects. KEYWORDS: could be because string at higher tension modifies the vibrational mode of the sa frequency fundamental the low, is tension string the the tension, It spectrum.frequency the from frequencyfundamental the obtain to MATLAB v body the with simultaneously microphone time same the at and vibrate, to sape the of body the causes i instrument the investigated using discusses entertainment for and dances accompany to trance induce to music ritualistic of form a to played normally ABSTRACT
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music traditional Sabah on study the initiated (2009) Dayou & Ong Sabah, In in increase the to Due Energy, tions on Science and Technology analysed were started were
13 November 2017 sompoton Tee Hao Wong Hao Tee
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example, for was result with some deviation. have
fundamental frequency of both the body the both of frequencyfundamental sompoton Science Science and Technology 201 ae s n o te oua string popular the of one is Sape
bte understandi better a
compared and they managed to prove that the experimental the that prove to managed they and compared kompang Sape t tre ifrn tnin (ih mdu & o) Te tig a plucked was string The low). & medium (high, tensions different three nto
using cantilever beam model. beam cantilever using . They studied the frequency spectrum produced by the by produced spectrum frequency the studied They . carried out carried
three sape been carried out on local traditional musical instruments in Malaysia in instruments musical traditional local on out carried been
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TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY obtained from the experiment were captured was string plucked the from vibration body the generatesound.to theThesound generated was recorded note F4for low strings the above placed and instrument 3. Figure in shown METHODOLOGY string, Fundame of the string. force, tensional Wave BACKGROUND THEORY musical instrument. sape the on findings lbrtr eprmn ws odce o tre different three on conducted was experiment laboratory A fundamentalThe obtainedfrequencyfrom is the lowestfrequency modelengththeof the where where The wave velocity is also equal toEq. (2) The t this on light shed To Tee idns suggest findings These .
Velocity Stringin Figure 3 L w ntal Frequency of String wave velocity of a of velocity wave is equal tothe half ofthe wavelength. Combining Eq. (1) Eq.and (2), gives as
f tuned into three different notes, note C5 for high tension, A#3 for medium tension and tension medium for A#3 tension, high for C5 note notes, different three into tuned
is the frequency and : tension. The tuned string was then plucked using effects of effects T
Experimental setup s loe to allowed is instru of the string and inversely proportional to the square root of the linear dens linear the of root square the to proportionalinversely and string the of
T
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to the sound and vibration recording at both ends ends both at
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TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY udmna fe vbain f h sp bd wih s ifrn fo ay ie feuny f a of frequency given any from different is which musical not body sape the of vibration free fundamental fundamen vibration, body the corresponding of value the deviations some between are there reduced, tension the the with as same However, size. the its almost of regardless is vibration, sape body the by generated sound of frequency fundamental the tension, tension 3 Table tension Tabl body vibration increases stringas the tension fundamen the general, in plucked. was string the as body sape’s of vibration the of frequency fundamental plucktensionswas different RESULT DISCUSSIONAND Table 1 tabl the fundamentaltheingiven frequenciesofexamination Detail The 2. e Medium, Medium, Medium, High, C5High, s s High, C5High, C5High, Tension Tension Tension Low, F4Low, Low, F4Low, Low, F4Low, . . Fundamental f
fundamental udmna f Fundamental udmna f Fundamental e.
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Sound/vibration Sound/vibration Sound/vibration frequency requency requency Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration Vibration requency tal frequency of the sound generated by the sape and the corresponding the and sape the by generated sound the of frequency tal Sound Sound Sound Sound Sound Sound Sound Sound Sound Wong ed
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the range of 3 Hz to 10 Hz. 10 to Hz 3 of range the vibration and sound of 201 f on ad vibration and sound of sound and vibration 7 ISSN ISSN 2289 .
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1, 2, an 2, 1, 238.4 248.6 351.2 350.2 516.2 516.1 237.8 240.4 346.0 346.0 519.7 519.6 229.3 239.7 353.4 352.3 521.9 521.5 d 3 d of f medium of . b
The tables also show the correspondingthe show alsotables The ig of
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TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY [8] [7] [6] [5] [4] [3] [2] [1] REFERENCES grant UCTS/RESEARCH/<201601>(01). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS itsin spectrum atthe frequency where it is tuned. sound correct beto said instrument is the point, increase tension string’s the as However, whole. frequency string fundamental of CONCLUSION to be tuned to a the said is instruments the with point, this At produced. sound of synchronizedfrequency the with coincides is frequency is mode vibrational fundamental body’s the asgraduallyrearranged is mode vibrationalthesape, the on fitted certainstringis frequency.at occursthe thatmodevibration When
sound on o te opn fr optr ui Synthesis Development (SCOReD 2006). Music Computer for Kompang the of Sound Samad A., Ismail, Vibrator for Sompoton Using Cantilever Beam Model Wong Model fo Wong Instrument. Ong Teknologi Batahong Soundboard. Batahong Sabah Malay]. [in Kulintangan of Y. R. Batahong, 2002. Sabah Y. R. Batahong, This was study present The inAs every engineering structure,sape thebody alone is heard is increased s ,
paper is based on work onbased paperis
n gtig lsr o h sud rdcd utl o pit hr te cicd. t this At coincide. they where point a to until produced, sound the to closer getting and Kota Kinabalu, . W. C.
, Malaysia , , rdcd y h sape the by produced
f h bd’ vbain s ifrn fo te sound the from different is vibration body’s the of I Malay]. [In T. H., Dayou H., T. T. H., Dayou H., T. , r Sompotonr Vibrator rqec o te on poue b te ntuet nrae a the as increases instrument the by produced sound the of frequency , , 78(
. Y. R.
. . Dayou Y., R. from the instrument. the from certain musical note, and before.not
. Borneo Science & 1272), Archives of Acoustics n atclr i ws on ta a te o string’s low the at that found was it particular, In
Dayou . & &
& ,
S. A., Hussain A., S.
Dayou J. (2003). Mathematical Modeling of Sound Frequency Determination Frequency Sound of Modeling Mathematical (2003). J. Dayou Dayou J. (2002 J. Dayou - ono eerh oni Svnh Bi Seventh Council Research Borneo Dayou 134. , ,
Sabah,
J., Ngu J., J., Ngu J., , Wong
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,
, , . Wang J., et et al
25 . 21) Efc o Fes o on Feuny f Sundatang. of Frequency Sound to Frets of Effect (2016). J. 27 The XI Science and Mathematics National Symposium National Mathematics and Science XI The Malaysia.
, underTechnologySarawakCollegeofUniversitythe supported by , 71 . , ,
. ,
Chang D., C. M. 201 - Archives Acousticsof M. C. D., Chang D., C. M. and and 28 Jun
string - This would correspond to a narrower peak of sound frequency sound of peak narrower a to correspond would This 7 ISSN ISSN 2289
, , 79. .
rqec Caatrsi o Sud f Sound of Characteristic Frequency Transactions on Science and Technology. 39 ).
A., Azhari A.,
to determine the effect of the string tension to the to tension string the of effect the determine to ,
t rltosi with relationship its
The Making of Kulintangan Musical Instrument in Kudat, in Instrument Musical Kulintangan of Making The (2), 177 ly tuned to a certain note (or frequency) where a wherefrequency) (or note certain a tunedto ly increased, the frequency of the body’s vibration gradually vibration body’s the of frequency the increased, S. e 2006,e Shah Alam, Malaysia
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J. H. W. H. J. . 21) Vbainl rpris f Sundatang of Properties Vibrational (2014). J.
J. H. W. H. J. , 38 & .
( Borneo Science nil nentoa Conference International ennial 3
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43 M. R. M. (2006). Analysis of the of Analysis (2006). M. R. M. 7 ,
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