Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85079-7 - Union and Empire: The Making of the United Kingdom in 1707 Allan I. Macinnes Index More information
Index
Abercorn, Charles Hamilton, th Earl of concern for royal prerogative , , (Viscount Strabane) , Abercorn, James Hamilton, th Earl dealings with Darien scheme of –, dealings with parliament –, –, Abercromby, Patrick –, –, – Aberdeen , –, , , Episcopalian approaches to – pro-Union stance , , civic improvements – provisions for succession , –, Act anent Peace and War () , , –, , – and Treaty of Union –, , , Act for Securing the Protestant Religion , and Presbyterian Church Government appeals see under law () , , Arbuthnot, John – Act for the Settling of Ireland () Argyll, Archibald Campbell, th Earl / Act of Explanation () Marquess of , , , Act of Security () , , –, execution – –, Argyll, Archibald Campbell, th Earl Act of Settlement () of Act of Settlement () , –, , Argyll, Archibald Campbell, th Earl / st , Duke of Admiralty, Court of – Argyll, Elizabeth Campbell, Dowager Adventurers Act () Duchess of agriculture Argyll, John Campbell, nd Duke of , see also famine , –, –, –, , – Alexander, William, of Menstrie (Jr) Armitage, David Alexander, William, of Menstrie (Sr) see army Stirling increase in size/expense – Alien Act () , , , , , personnel – , , , , provisioning Allardyce, John Arthur, King Althusius, Johannes Ashley Cooper see Shaftesbury America see colonies Atholl, John Murray, st Duke of –, Anderson, James , –, , , Annandale (ship) – and Union negotiations / Treaty , Annandale, William Johnston, st –, , , , , , –, Marquess of –, , , , , , – , Atwood, William Anne, Princess, of Denmark Augustus II of Poland Anne, Queen –, , , , , , , , , Bacon, Sir Francis – accession , , Bacon, Nathaniel attitudes to monarchy – Baillie, George, of Jerviswood
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Baillie, Sir James, of Jerviswood Britannic perspective (on state formation) Balmerino, John Elphinstone, th Earl –, , –, , –, – of , impact on colonial affairs –, Balthazar, Malthias objections to Baltic, trade with Scotland , , , Bromley, William Brown, Andrew decline Brown, P. Hume –, Baltimore, Cecil Calvert, nd Baron Browne, John , Baltimore, George Calvert, st Bruce, Alexander, of Broomhall (later Earl Baron – of Kincardine) Banff, George Ogilvy, Lord –, , Bruce, John Brydges, John , Bank of England , , Buchanan, George , , –, , Bank of Scotland , , , – Burnet, Gilbert, Bishop –, , , , Bannatyne, John , , , , , Bannatyne Club – Burnet, Sir Thomas, of Leys – Barbados Burnett, John Barclay, Robert, of Urie Burns, Robert ‘Barebones Parliament’ Burton, J. Hill baronetcies, creation/sale of Bute, James Stuart, st Earl of , Beaufort, Henry Somerset, nd Duke Butler see Ormond of Beaufort see Fraser, Simon Cabot, Sebastian Bede (the Venerable) Camden, William –, , Belhaven, John Hamilton, Lord , , Cameronians see Covenanters, radical wing , , , , –, , , Campbell, Alexander, Colonel Campbell, Archibald see Argyll; Islay Benbow, John, Admiral – Campbell, John (historian) – Bende, John Campbell, John (politician) see Argyll Bible, Authorised Version Campbell, Roy Bishops’ Wars (–) , , , Canada see France, colonial conflicts with; Newfoundland; Nova Scotia see also London, Treaty of Cardross, Lord – Black, David , – Carey see Falkland Black, William , –, Caribbean, British enterprises in , , ‘black oath’ – Blaeu, Joan military vulnerability Blaeu, Willem see also names of islands Blair, James Carlisle, James Hay, st Earl of – Blathwayt, William , Carlisle, James Hay, nd Earl of Bloome, Richard carrying trade see tramp trading Board of Trade (and Plantations) –, Carstairs, A. M. –, , , , –, Carstares, William , , –, , , Boece, Hector –, , Bo’ness Cary, John , Boston – Catherine of Braganza Boyer, Abel Catholic Church / Catholicism Boyle, David see Glasgow in Ireland – Boyle, Roger see Orrery plans to wipe out Brandon, Duke of see Hamilton, James in Scotland – Douglas-Hamilton toleration see James II Breda, Treaty of see also Catholic Confederation Brewer, John Catholic Confederation , –, Brewster, Sir Francis military capabilities Britannic Engagement Cavendish see Devonshire
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Cavendish-Bentinck see Portland English jurisdiction over – C´eitinn, S´eathr´un see Keating, Geoffrey grant/sale of titles Chalmers, George – (see also baronetcies) Chamberlen, Hugh , – hereditary control – Charlemagne illegal trade in – Charles I –, , Irish and Bishops’ Wars legal systems/practices , – and Civil War – opening up of trade with , – common fishing scheme , , , policy switch –, Scottish involvement in –, –, dealings with Covenanters , –, , –, –, –, , –, – –; restrictions on –, , dealings with Ireland , , –, Scottish owned/occupied , –;(see also Darien; East New Jersey; Nova dissatisfaction with –, Scotia; South Carolina) economic policy –, Scottish trade with , execution , – sources of manpower – foreign policy/relations , trade with Charles II , , , , transportation of criminals/undesirables foreign/colonial policy –, –, to , see also servitor colonialism; names of marriage territories proclamation in Scotland –, – Colquhoun, William Restoration , , –, Colvin’s Case () , , , , stance on Union –, – – Child, Sir Josiah commissioners, parliamentary –, Christian IV of Denmark appointment , , , –, Church of England – continuity of personnel Churchill see Marlborough distribution by party – Civil War Committee for Both Kingdoms –, colonial impact –, – – military progress – Committee of Trade , , –, outbreak , in Scotland –, Commonwealth Claim of Right () , , , –, continuance of methods , post-Restoration – Clark, G. N. electoral system Claybourne, William Scottish collaboration with – Claypoole, Norton – see also incorporation; Ireland; Scotland Clerk, Sir John, of Penicuik –, –, Company of Scotland , –, , , , , , –, , , –, , , Clifford, Jeronimy –, Clotworthy, Sir John (later Viscount Company of the Royal Fishery Massarene) , , (of England / Scotland / Great ‘Club the’ – Britain and Ireland) – co-partneries, governmental compensation payments see colonies encouragement –, confederation Cobbe, Walsall – arguments/demands for – Cockburn, Adam, of Ormiston –, economic, projected , models Coke, Roger projected expansion Colbert, Jean-Baptiste Connacht, resistance to Cromwellian colonies forces , calls for inclusion in Union – consignment system (of trading) compensation for loss of – Constantine, Emperor ,
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constitution, written, (un)desirability Dalrymple, Sir David, of Hailes –, of Dalrymple, George, of Dalmahoy – convoys, merchants’ use of Dalrymple, Sir Hew, of North Conway, Edward Conway, st Earl Berwick – of – Dalrymple, Sir James see Stair Copland, Patrick Dalrymple, Sir John – Cornwall, incorporation into Union , Dalrymple, William, Col., of Glenmure , – , –, , Council for Trade and Plantations Danish West Indian and Guinea (England) see Board of Trade Company – Council of Trade (Scotland) , Darcy, Patrick Country Party , –, , , , , Darien (colonial venture) , , , , , , , –, , –, , , , –, , , – – (calls for) reparations , , , , and Treaty of Union , , –, –, , ;(see also , , –, Equivalent(s)) Court Party –, –, –, , , economic impact , –, , , , , , , , , – and Treaty of Union –, , –, English attitudes to , –, –, , , –, , –, – , – Courten, Sir William founding – Covenanters funding , colonial involvement , –, , political impact –, , precedents demands for political reform – reasons for failure – elimination Scottish commentaries on – governmental moves against –, Davenant, Charles , , –, – internal divisions , –, – Davidson, Neil – political/military gains Davies, Sir John –, protest activity , de Lolme, John Lewis – radical wing –, , , Declaratory Act () relations with Ireland – deficit financing – role in Civil War – Defoe, Daniel –, –, , , , Cowper, William – –, , , , , Craig, Sir Thomas, of Riccarton Delaware Craufurd, George Denmark Cromartie, George Mackenzie, st Earl of deputies (formerly Viscount Tarbat) , , , absence –, , , , , election , and Union negotiations / Treaty , Devine, Tom –, –, , –, devolution, (modern) movement for , Cromwell, Oliver , –, , , –, Devonshire, William Cavendish, st Duke –, , of death , Dicey, Albert, and Robert Rait, Thoughts Cromwell, Richard , on the Union Between England and cross-voting (in Treaty deliberations) – Scotland –, Crouch, Nathaniel see Bloome, Richard divine right, theory of – Cumming, Alexander – Donaldson, James Cunningham, Alexander –, , Douglas, Archibald Douglas, rd Cunningham, James, Major, of Aiket , Marquess / st Duke of Douglas, James see Queensberry Cunningham, William see Glencairn Douglas-Hamilton see Hamilton, James Douglas-Hamilton; Orkney, George; Dacre, Lord see Trevor-Roper, Hugh Ruglen; Selkirk Daiches, David Dover, Duke of see Queensberry
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Drake, John Elphinstone see Balmerino drawbacks (on customs dues) – Elzevirus, Bonaventure/Abraham Drummond, James see Perth emigration Drummond, John (businessman) , numbers , planning Drummond, John (politician) see Melfort ‘Empire, British,’ first use of term Drummond, William, Governor – England Dudley, Joseph, Governor economic policy/priorities – Dunbar, battle of global status Dundas, Henry –, government policy on Union Dundas, Robert, of Arniston – motivations for Union Dundee overseas trade –, – Dunlop, William –, statistics , – Dunmore, Charles Murray, st Earl of party politics –, , –;(see also – To r y Pa r t y; Whig Party) Dupplin, Thomas Hay, th Viscount – political/economic dominance , –, Dutch Wars see Netherlands –, population – East India Company/ies , , –, social desirability of contact with –, , , , ennoblement merged under Treaty of Union , see also baronetcies East New Jersey, Scottish colony in , entrepreneurialism – –, , , –, , , Episcopalianism investors – attempts to enforce –, economy / commercial life, Scottish –, relationship with Jacobitism – –, –, , , , – Equivalent(s) (sum paid in adaptations prior to Union – compensation) –, , commentaries –, Committee for calculation of crises (–) objections to – currency –, – Errol, Charles Hay, th Earl of , , dealings with England – dealings with Ireland –, – European Community/Union , fluctuations exchange rates , inward investment Exchequer, Court of proposals for improvement – Exclusion Crisis –, , – recovery (following famine/crisis) , export laws – – exports see trade role in Empire –, scope for expansion Fairfax, Blackerby strength of , –, , –, Falconer, Sir James, of Phaedo – Falkland, Henry Carey, Viscount see also officials; taxation; trade famine (s) – Edinburgh , attempted remedies – education, governmental prioritisation Farrett, James Edward I of England Fearne, David Edward III of England federative union – Edward VI of England calls for –, , , – Eglinton, Alexander Montgomery, th Earl defined of , Fergus MacEarc, King , , , Elibank, Alexander Murray, Lord , Ferguson, Adam , –, – Ferguson, George Elizabeth I of England Ferguson, Robert Elizabeth of Bohemia Ferguson, William – Elling, Jens Finch see Nottingham Elliot, Sir Gilbert, of Minto – Finlay, Captain –
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fishing , –, –, , –, , ‘Glorious Revolution’ see Revolution , –, Godolphin, Sidney Godolphin, st Earl Fleming, Sir James – of , , , , , –, , , Fletcher, Andrew, of Saltoun , –, , , , , , , , , , , –, , –, –, later commentators’ view of , , , Gordon, George Gordon, st Duke of , , , , –, proposals for constitutional monarchy Gordon, Sir John, of Lochinvar (colonist) , , – role in Treaty debates , , , Gordon, John (politician) see Strathnaver; , Sutherland stance on Union –, , , Gordon, Patrick – Forbes, Sir Arthur, of Corse see Granard Gordon, Sir Robert Forrester, Andrew, Captain Gothic perspective (on state formation) , Foulis, James , –, , –, , , , , , France –, , , , , colonial conflicts with , , , Graham see Montrose – Granard, Arthur Forbes, st Earl of , economy ´emigr´esfrom Grant, Francis (later Lord Cullen) – recognition of Jacobite claims ;(see Granville, George Granville, Lord also Louis XIV; Wales, James Francis Green, Thomas, Captain –, Edward Stuart, Prince of) Greenshields, James relationship with England/Scotland , Greg, William , , , , –, Gregory, David see also French Revolution; Napoleonic Grew, Nehemiah Wars Gualtiero, Francesco, Cardinal – Fraser, Simon, of Beaufort –, , Fraser, William –, , – Hamilton, Anne, Duchess of , , , Frederick I of Prussia – Free Kirk Hamilton, Andrew, Governor – free trade Hamilton, Charles (historian) role in Treaty of Union –, , , Halifax, Charles Montague, Lord , Hamilton, Charles (politician) see French Revolution, Scottish/Irish Abercorn responses to – Hamilton, Elizabeth, Duchess of Hamilton, Gustavus Gael, role in Irish tradition – Hamilton, James, of Boghall Garnock, John Crawford, Viscount (entrepreneur) – George, Prince, of Denmark (consort of Hamilton, James Douglas-Hamilton, th Anne) , , –, , Duke of (later Duke of George I , , , – Brandon) –, , , , , George II –, –, , , , , , George IV , , –, Gerard, Sir Digby, Lord Gerard role in ‘Scotch Plot’ , Gerrard, Robert (Jr) and Union negotiations / Treaty , Gerrard, Robert (Sr) , , , –, , –, , Gibson, Walter , – –, , , , –, – Glasgow , , , , –, , Hamilton, James Hamilton, rd Marquess / , – st Duke of , , Glasgow, David Boyle of Kelburn, st Earl Hamilton, James (politician) see Abercorn of , , , Hamilton, John, Lord Belhaven see Glencairn, William Cunningham, th Belhaven Earl of Hammond, Thomas – Glencoe, Massacre of , , – Handasyd, Thomas, Governor
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Hanoverian Succession , , –, Ireland , arguments for/against Union –, –, opposition to , – see also Act of Settlement (attempted) enforcement of Harley, Robert , –, , , , Protestantism –, – , , , , , – civil war Haversham, John Thomson, Lord , colonial involvement –, ;(see also colonies; New Albion) Hay, Charles see Errol dependent status –, , , Hay, James see Carlisle –, Hay, John see Tweeddale economy/trade –, , , Hay, Peter, of Haystoun English attitudes to – Hay, Thomas see Dupplin English political agenda in Hay, William see Kinnoull forfeiture of estates Hebron, John –, governance Hebronites see Covenanters, radical wing parliament, position on British Henderson, Alexander succession – Henry VII of England political aspirations Hermannides, Rutgerius position under Commonwealth , Herries, William – historiography , rebellion () , – Hodges, James , , , , , rejection of Union , , relationship with England Hodges, Robert relationship with Scots nobility – Holy Roman Empire as warning to Scots –, – Home, Charles Home, th Earl of –, Irish perspective (on state formation) – Home, Sir John, Baronet Home of iron/steel trade – Blackadder – Islay, Archibald Campbell, st Earl of Home Rule, call for ius imperium, concept of –, Hooke, Nathaniel, Captain Hope, Sir James, of Hopetoun Jacobites/Jacobitism Hopeton, Charles Hope, st Earl of activities post-Union –, house building (alleged) plots ;(see also ‘Scotch Howard see Nottingham Plot’) Hume, Sir David, of Crossrigg armed risings , , , –, (lawyer/politician) Hume, David, of Godscroft cellular structure – (writer/political commentator) – Court in exile – Hume, Sir David (politician/diarist) in England , Hume, Patrick see Marchmont fears of –, –, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA , internal differences – Hutchinson, Francis – involvement in commercial enterprise – imports see trade in Ireland incorporation movement of funds – acceptance poetry – bodies of opinion undecided on – polarising impact – calls for –, –, –, , political ideology –, , –, –, –, –, – – under Commonwealth – redefinition – opposition to , – refusal to recognise Anne – indentured servants see servitor colonialism religious leanings – independence, arguments against Scottish focus – Inglis, Robert – (verbal) attacks on , –
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Jamaica overthrow of leaders – James II of Scotland political importance James IV of Scotland , position under Treaty of Union –, James VI of Scotland/IofEngland , , , , , , , Knox, John , foreign policy implementation of policy , la Tour,Claud St Stephen, Seigneur de religious policy landed enterprise, role in national theory of monarchy/statehood –, , economy – –, , – Lang, Andrew – James VII of Scotland / II of England , Laud, William, Archbishop , , , , –, , Lauderdale, John Maitland, nd Earl (later armed conflict with William III Duke) of –, –, –, , , colonial policy , , – , , death Law, John deposition , , , , , law, Scottish economic policy –, , appeals Irish responses to – applicability in Ireland – plans for restoration brought under English control – policy of religious toleration –, , common vs civil –, – maintenance within Union –, qualities as ruler , – – Scottish support for –, Leeward Islands stance on Union / Anglo-Scottish Leopold I, Emperor relations –, – Leslie, John see Rothes ‘James VIII/III’ see Wales, James Francis Leven, David Melville, rd Earl of Edward Stuart, Prince of Limerick, Treaty of () Johnston, Adam – Lindsay, David Johnston, Archibald Lithgow, William Johnston, James, of Warriston , Livingstone, Robert local government –, – Johnston, Sir Patrick , Locke, John , Johnston, William see Annandale Lockhart, George, of Carnwath joint-stock ventures (politician) –, , , , , –, , , , Keating, Geoffrey – and Treaty of Union , , , , Keith, Theodora , , Keith, Thomas Lockhart, George Keith, William see Marischal (merchant/surgeon) – Kenneth MacAlpine, King London Ker, John, of Kersland (government population / economic importance , agent) , Ker, John (politician) see Roxburghe Scottish community , –, – Kincardine, Earl of see Bruce London, Treaty of () –, , , King, Gregory – King, William, Bishop Long Parliament , , Kinnoull, William Hay, th Earl of – Loudoun, Hugh Campbell, rd Earl of / Kirk, (Sir) David , Loudoun Papers , , , –, Kirk, Lewis , Kirk of Scotland Louis XIII of France (calls for) retention under Union – Louis XIV of France , , , , , , comment on Darien scheme , , , , , , , , , handling of religious differences , –, , – Lovat, Dowager Lady influence for peace Low Countries see Netherlands
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Macaulay, Thomas Babington Mary II (of Orange), Queen –, (Lord) –, – Maryland Macaulay, Zachary, Revd Mason, John, Captain MacDaniell, James Massachusetts Bay Company – Macintosh, Daniel – Massarene, Viscount see Clotworthy Mackenzie, Sir George, of Rosehaugh Mathieson, William (lawyer) , Maxwell, Henry, of Finaboge Mackenzie, George (historian) – Maxwell, Sir John, of Nether Pollock – Mackenzie, George (politician) see Meldrum, John, of Urquhart – Cromartie Melfort, William Drummond, st Earl of Mackenzie, Sir Kenneth, of Cromartie – Melville, Andrew Mackenzie, Roderick – Melville, Viscount see Dundas, Henry Mackillop, Andrew Menstrie see Stirling Mackinnon, James – mercantilism , –, Mackintosh, Henry Mercator, Gerard – Mackleir, Hans (John Maclean) Militia Act () Macky, John Miller (emissary from Ireland) Maclean, John see Mackleir, Hans mining MacMillan, John – Minuit, Peter Macpherson, James , , , Miraculous and Happie Union of England MacRae, Alexander, Revd – and Scotland, The (Anon.) Maddison, Sir Ralph Mitchison, Rosalind Madrid, Treaty of , Molesworth, Robert Molesworth, Viscount Magnus, Joannus/Olaus – , Mair, John Molyneux, William , –, , , Maitland see Lauderdale Man, Isle of monarchy manufacturing industries contractual expansion – (proposed) constitutional limitations investment in , – –, –, , quality control – right of resistance to –, – see also landed enterprise Montgomerie, Francis, of Giffen Mar, John Erskine, th Earl of , , , Montgomerie, Sir James, of Skelmorlie , – Montgomery see Eglinton management of Union negotiations , Montgomery, Hugh – , –, –, , –, , Montrose, James Graham, st Marquess of Marchmont, Patrick Hume, st Earl of , Montrose, James Graham, th Marquess , , , of , , , – and Union negotiations / Treaty , Mullany, John , , , Murdoch, Steve Margaret Tudor, Queen (of James IV) , Murray, Alexander, Lord Elibank see Elibank Marischal, William Keith, th Earl , Murray, Sir Alexander, of Stanhope , Murray, Charles see Dunmore Markham, Gervaise Murray, Sir James , Marlborough, John Churchill, st Duke Murray, John see Atholl of , , –, , , , , Musgrave, Sir Christopher , , –, – Marlborough, Sarah Churchill, Duchess Nairn, Sir David , , of Namier, Sir Lewis Marshal, Ebenezer –, Napoleonic Wars – Marxist analyses – National Association for the Vindication of Mary, Queen of Scots Scottish Rights
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National Covenant () –, , , Nine Years’ War , , , , , , –, , , , – see also Covenanters Nisbet, Sir John, of Dirleton , –, National Debt (English) , nobility (Scottish) creation of dealings with Ireland – shared with Scotland –, representation at Westminster –, Navigation Acts (–) , –, , , , , , , , , , role in national opinion/activities , adjustments to – – circumvention , , , –, nonconformism –, –, , , Northampton, Treaty of () exemptions , Nottingham, Charles Howard, st Earl of impact on Scots trade , –, – objections to –, Nottingham, David Finch, nd Earl of reassertion , , , –, –, , , –, , relaxation/non-enforcement , , Nova Scotia –, , – Netherlands , , , oaths of allegiance , cartography , see also ‘black oath’ consideration of union with –, O’Bruadair, David currency, use of officials, role in national economy – as economic model , , –, O’Flaherty, Roderic Ogilvie, James see Seafield fishing expertise Ogilvie, William hostilities with England , , , Ogilvy, George see Banff , , –, ‘Old Pretender’ see Wales, James Francis plans for inclusion in Confederation Edward Stuart, Prince of political alliances Oldmixon, John – Scottish competition with Øresund see Baltic trading links with Scotland , , , Orkney, George Douglas-Hamilton, th , , , , , , –, Earl of , , , , , Orkney and Shetland – networks (commercial), Scottish , , Ormond, James Butler, nd Duke of –, –, Ormond, James Butler, Marquis / st Duke advantaged by loopholes in Treaty – of , English fears of , Orr, Robert illegal methods – Orrery, Roger Boyle, st Earl of regulation under Treaty of Union –, Pakington, Sir John rivalries between – papacy rivalry with English – recognition of Jacobite claims trading practices – relationship with Irish Catholicism New Albion (colony) , relationship with Stuart monarchy New England , paper money Confederation of Parker, Henry , Dominion of – Parks, Daniel disintegration parliament (British, post-Union) United Colonies of Scottish representation , , –, New Jersey see East New Jersey , New Model Army , parliament (Scottish) New Party (later Squadrone Volante) , (alleged) corruption , –, elections to , , – New Sweden – plans to co-ordinate with English – Newfoundland –, positive achievements Nicolson, William, Bishop , , publication of proceedings –
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parliament (Scottish) (cont.) and Union negotiations / Treaty , religious divisions – –, –, , , , –, walk-out from , , , , , , – Parliamentarian Party/army alliance with Covenanters Rait, Robert see Dicey, Albert military successes , – Ramillies, battle of , – Paterson, John, Archbishop – Randolph, Edward , – Paterson, William –, –, –, religious toleration, negotiations for – , , , , , , Restoration see Charles II; Scotland patriotism, Scottish expressions of –, Revolution () –, –, economic impact Patronage Act () impact in Scotland , –, –, Paxton, Peter – Penn, William , , Settlements (–) , , Pennsylvania Whig view of Perth, James Drummond, th Earl of Reynell, Carew Petty, Sir William , – Rich see Warwick Philip of Anjou Richier, Isaac, Governor Philiphaugh, battle of Ridpath, George –, , , , Pitt, William (the younger) Riley, R. W. J. plantation(s) , , – Rinuccini, Giovanni Battista, Bishop English vs Scottish interests – Robertson, John in Ireland –, –; undermining Robertson, William , , , , – Rochester, Lawrence Hyde, st Earl of , Plowden, Sir Edmund –, , Pocock, John (J. G. A.) Rose, Alexander, Bishop – Poland-Lithuania, Commonwealth of , Rosebery, Archibald Primrose, st – Earl , Pollexfen, John Rosenkrantz, Iver , , –, Polwarth, Patrick Hume, Earl of Rothes, John Leslie, th Earl of , Port Royal Roxburghe, John Ker, th Earl / st Duke Portland, William Cavendish-Bentinck, of , , , , –, rd Duke of , royal burghs – ports, role in trade networks , – Convention of, responses to Union Portugal proposals –, Postelthwayt, Malachi financial manoeuvring Potter, William and overseas trade Poynings’ Law () , , Royal Navy –, , Presbyterianism, public profile Royal Scottish Corporation Primrose, Archibald see Rosebery Ruglen, John Douglas-Hamilton, st Earl Primrose, James Primrose, Viscount of privateers , , , , – Rump Parliament Privy Council, abolition of Rutherford, Samuel Providence Island Company Rycaut, Sir Paul Prowse, Valentine Rye House Plot Pryde, George S. – Ryswick, Peace of – Pufendorf, Samuel von – Puritanism , Saint-Germain-en-Laye see Jacobites, Pym, John Court in exile salt, tariffs on , Queensberry, James Douglas, nd Duke Sandelin, Jacob Evertsen (James of –, , , , , , –, , Sandilands) , , , , , , Scot, George, of Pitlochy –, discredited by ’Scotch Plot’ –, Scot, Sir John, of Scotsarvit – ‘Scotch Plot’ –, ,
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Scotland Seton, William, of Pitmedden –, , compared with Ireland , , constitutional reform , Seymour, Charles see Somerset contribution to Empire ;(see also Seymour, Sir Edward , –, , under colonies) cultural standing Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, st English attitudes to –, Earl of , , , English discrimination against –, Sharp, John, Archbishop , , , –, Shetland Islands English recognition of see also Orkney and Shetland impact of Union on – ships institutions , – building internal religious disputes trading regulations international standing – Sibbald, Sir Robert – military contribution to Empire , Sinclair, Sir John, of Ulbster – Skene, Alexander objections to English policies –, Smith, Adam, The Wealth of Nations Smith, English – parliament see separate main heading Smith, John party politics –, –, , –, Smith, John, Captain –, , –, , –;(see Smollett, Sir James, of Bonhill also Country Party; Court Party; New Smollett, Tobias – Party; Squadrone Volante) Smout, Christopher –, political relationships smuggling – population Solemn League and Covenant () , position under Commonwealth –, –, , , , authorship rivalry with England condemnation/burning , status under Restoration –, – Somers, John, Lord Somers , , status within Empire –, , Unionist politics – Somerset, Charles Seymour, th Duke Scott, David of Scott, Paul – Somerset, Henry see Beaufort Scott, W. R. – Somerville, Thomas – Scott, Sir Walter –, Sophia, Electress of Hanover , Letters of Malachi Malagrowther sources, published/manuscript – Tales of a Grandfather South Carolina, Scottish colony in –, Scottish Charitable Society – –, , –, Scottish Company for Africa and investors – India – reasons for failure – Scottish perspective (on state Spain formation) , , , agreements with see Madrid, Treaty of Seafield, James Ogilvie, st Earl of , , rivalry with Britain in New World , , , , , –, and Union negotiations / Treaty , Spanish Succession, War of the , , , , –, , –, , –, , , , , , , , –, , , –, , , –, seals (national) economic impact , –, – Seeley, J. R. influence on Union Selden, John taxes suspended for duration of , Selkirk, Charles Douglas-Hamilton, nd – Earl of , Speck, Bill Sempill, Francis, Lord Sempill of Speed, John , Glassford – Spelman, Sir Henry servitor colonialism , Spotiswood, John
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Spreull, John –, in Treaty of Union , , , ; Squadrone Volante (Flying Squad) , , exemptions favouring Scotland , Taylor, Joseph and Treaty of Union –, , , Tenison, Thomas, Archbishop , , –, , –, –, see also New Party textile trade/industry , , , , St Vincent , , , , Stair, James Dalrymple, nd Viscount / st Thirty Years’ War Earl of –, , –, , Thomas, Sir Dalby and Glencoe Massacre – Thomas, David and Union negotiations / Treaty , Thomas the Rhymer , , , –, Thomson, John see Haversham Stanhope, Philip Stanhope, Earl of Thornborough, John, Bishop state formation, methods/theories –, timber trade –, –, –, – Tindal, Nicholas compromises between , titles, sale of see baronetcies; colonies continental models – TKUA (Tyske Kancellis Udensrigske see also Britannic perspective; Gothic Afdeling, Copenhagen) perspective; Scottish perspective tobacco trade , – Stewart, Sir James, of Goodtrees Toleration Act () Stewart, Mary (daughter of James II of Tory Party/ideology –, , –, –, Scotland) – Stewart, Robert, of Appin involvement in commercial enterprise Stewart, Walter, of Pardovan – Stirling, William Alexander of Menstrie, trade (international) st Earl of , –, –, , balance of payments store system (of trading) decline Strabane, Viscount see Abercorn England–Scotland –, , – Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, st Earl excess time spent of , , – exports – Strathnaver, John Gordon, Lord flexibility of commodities Straton, Henry, Captain – importance to Scottish economy –, Struthers, John , , –, – Stuart, Gilbert imports –, – Stuart, Sir James, of Ardmaleish see Bute maritime protection Stuart, James Francis Edward see Wales, national drive to increase – Prince of opening up Stuart, Sir Robert, of Tillicoultry standardisation of regulations – Sunderland, Charles Spencer, rd Earl see also Baltic; Board of Trade; of , , , Committee of Trade; Council of Sutherland, John Gordon, th Earl of Trade; economy; England; free trade; Sweden Ireland; Navigation Acts; Netherlands; as model of state formation networks; names of commodities New World colonies see New Sweden tramp trading , –, – plans for inclusion in Confederation transportation see colonies political alliances treason, law of trading links with Scotland , , Treaty of Union () , , –, – Swift, Jonathan constitutional content –, , Switzerland – economic content/implications –, Tables – –, , –, –, , –, Tacitus – –, – Tarbat, Viscount see Cromartie favouring of English interests –, taxation –, , , , , –,
© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85079-7 - Union and Empire: The Making of the United Kingdom in 1707 Allan I. Macinnes Index More information
Index
fears of armed response – objections to – financial incentives for support , preliminary negotiations/manoeuvres –, , – –, , , –, – formal implementation rejections of – formal objections to – relative representations under guiding principles –, – salient factors – institutional content – suggested extension – later commentaries see also Treaty of Union non-Jacobite opponents – United Irishmen non-negotiable areas United Provinces see Netherlands passage through English parliament –, Vanderheiden, (Jasper) passage through Scottish Estates , Vaughan, William, Dr , – Veere (Zeeland) –, , preliminary negotiations –, –, Vernon, James –, –, , –; procedure Verstegan, Richard – –; secrecy Violet, Thomas – protests against –, –, , Virginia , , , – volunteer forces reaction to draft form reception in Ireland – Wales, incorporation into Union , , religious content/implications –, – –, Wales, James Francis Edward Stuart, responses to implementation –, Prince of (’the Old Pretender’) , – , Trevelyan, G. M. – recognition as ‘James VIII/III’ , , Trevor, Thomas – Trevor-Roper, Hugh, Lord Dacre – religious standpoint Tubuganti, battle of Walker, George Tucker, Thomas , Walker, Patrick – Tullibardine, Earl of see Atholl Wallace, James Tweeddale, John Hay, nd Marquis Wallace, William , of , , , –, , , Warwick, Robert Rich, st Earl of – – Watson, John –, – Ulster, plantation of –, – weights and measures, standardisation influence in New World of Union Wentworth see Strafford (alleged) benefits to Scotland –, West Indian Company –, –, –, ‘Western Design’ , , alternatives to – Wharton, Thomas, Lord Wharton , benefits to England , breakaways from Whatley, Christopher calls for equality within –, –, Whig Party/ideology –, –, , –, –, –, –, –, , , Committee on – –, controversy over adjustments to – debates on (just prior to Union Treaty) anti-Jacobite rhetoric –, – fragmentation – English coercive methods – political/social reforms as international model – in Scotland – modern views of – Whitehaven , , moves to terminate – Whole Prophecies of Scotland, England, nature of process –; as ideological France, Ireland and Denmarke, The –; as political – (Anon.) –
© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85079-7 - Union and Empire: The Making of the United Kingdom in 1707 Allan I. Macinnes Index More information
Index
Whyte, Ian D. Willoughby, William, Lord Willoughby of William III (of Orange) , , –, , Parham , , , , wine/spirit trade , accession , –, , legislation attempted assassination , , , Wishart, William Wodrow, Robert dealings with Darien scheme , , Worcester (ship) – –, , – Worcester, battle of death , , , , , Wright, Thomas economic policy , Wylie, Robert , and Glencoe Massacre – Wyon, Frederick – hostilities with Jacobites , policy on Union – Yeaman, George, Captain unpopularity in Scotland , , York, Duke of see James VII/II –, , , Young, John –
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