DOCSLIB.ORG

24193724.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
24193724.Pdf mycoscience 57 (2016) 393e399 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/myc Short communication Tuber shidianense and T. calosporum, two new truffle species from southwest China * Shan-Ping Wan a,b, Xiang-Hua Wang c, Yi Zheng a, Fu-Qiang Yu b, a College of Resource and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650100, PR China b Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China c Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China article info abstract Article history: Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses, two new species, Tuber Received 26 June 2015 shidianense and T. calosporum, are described from southwest China. They are clearly Received in revised form different from any other taxon in the genus Tuber. Tuber shidianense belongs to the 8 December 2015 Puberulum group. It is characterized by whitish ascomata, pseudoparenchymatous Accepted 22 June 2016 peridium and globose ascospores with deep alveolar ornamentation. Tuber calosporum be- Available online 11 August 2016 longs to the Macrosporum group. It is recognized by yellow and brown ascomata, pros- enchymatous peridium and large elliptic ascospores with low alveolate wall. Phylogenetic Keywords: relationships and morphological differences between these two new species and their Macrosporum group related species are discussed. Phylogenetic analysis © 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Mycological Society of Japan. Puberulum group Taxonomy Tuber F.H. Wigg. (Ascomycota, Pezizales) is one of the most studies (Garcı´a-Montero et al. 2010). Recently, a large number important hypogeous fungi in terms of both economic and of new Tuber species, a large proportion of which are white ecological value. Some Tuber species, such as T. magnatum truffles, have been discovered and described by Chinese my- Pico, T. melanosporum Vittad., T. aestivum Vittad. and T. indicum cologists from southwest China (Fan et al. 2011, 2012a,b,c,d, Cooke & Massee, have high culinary value because of their 2013, 2014, 2016a,b; Fan and Cao 2012; Deng et al 2013; Fan unique scent. Tuber species form symbiotic associations with and Yue 2013; Li et al 2014). Morphological observations, in angiosperms and gymnosperms and play an important role in some cases with sequence analyses of the nuclear ribosomal ecosystems (Pomerico et al 2006; Wang and Liu 2009; Trappe internal transcribed spacer (ITS), showed that these species and Claridge 2010). In China, new species of the genus Tuber mainly belong to the Puberulum group. The others include were first reported in the 1980s (Liu 1985). In 2010, Garcı´a- members of the Latisporum, Rufum, Maculatum, Macro- Montero characterized 16 Chinese Tuber taxa by locating and sporum and Melanosporum groups. In this study, we describe analyzing the available scientific information from previous two new Tuber species belonging to the Puberulum and * Corresponding author. Tel./fax: þ86 0871 65223085. E-mail address: [email protected] (F.-Q. Yu). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2016.06.007 1340-3540/© 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Mycological Society of Japan. 394 mycoscience 57 (2016) 393e399 Macrosporum groups. Morphological comparisons with Criterion (AIC) (Akaike 1974) implemented by MrModeltest closely related taxa are presented, and their molecular v.2.3 (Nylander 2004). Bayesian analysis was carried out using phylogenetic position in Tuber is examined. the selected model with four chains sampled every 100 gen- Fresh samples were collected from forests of Pinus yunna- erations and run for a total of 2,000,000 generations. The nensis Franch. and a local mushroom market in Yunnan, average standard deviations of split frequencies were less China. Morphological descriptions were based on fresh ma- than 0.01 at the end of the run and ESS (effective sampling terials and microscopic examination on dry material size) values were >200. A majority rule consensus tree was following the methods of Yang and Zhang (2003). Sections built after discarding trees from a 25% burnin. Posterior were made with a razor blade by hand, mounted in a 5% (w/v) probabilities (PPs) were calculated using the sumt command KOH solution and examined under a light microscope (Leica implemented in MrBayes. DM2500, Leica Microsystems, Shanghai, China). For scanning The aligned ITS dataset includes 80 samples and 663 electron microscopy (SEM), spores were scraped from the characters: 257 of ITS1 (complete), 155 of 5.8S (complete) and dried gleba onto doubled-sided tape, which was mounted 251 of ITS2 (complete). The ML analysis resulted in a best tree directly on an SEM stub, coated with gold-palladium, exam- with a likelihood of À3346.27. Bayesian analysis ran for a total ined and photographed with a JEOL, JMS-5600LV SEM (JEOL, of 2,000,000 generations to get convergence. ML and Bayesian Shanghai, China). For evaluation of the range of spore-size, 40 analyses yielded similar tree topologies, and only the tree ascospores each from one specimen of each collection cited inferred from the ML analysis is shown. The result revealed were measured. In the description of the ascospores, the six distinct groups, which covered most of the Chinese col- abbreviation Q represents the range of ratio of spore length to lections (Fig. 1). Phylogenetically, T. shidianense belongs to the spore width calculated for each spore and Qm is the average of Puberulum group and is sister to the subclade containing T. the Q values. The specimens have been deposited at the jinshajiangense L. Fan and T. sinosphaerosporum L. Fan, J.Z. Cao & Herbarium of Cryptogams, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chi- Yu Li (subclade A). This subclade is supported by a BS value of nese Academy of Sciences (KUNeHKAS). 72% and a PP of 0.98. Tuber shidianense is closely related to T. Total DNA was extracted from pieces of dried ascomata jinshajiangense with high BS (90%) and PP (1.0) values. DNA with a modified CTAB procedure (Gardes and Bruns 1993). sequence analysis showed that these three species share a Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed using the 86.9%e88.9% similarity in their ITS sequences. Tuber calo- primer combination ITS1F/ITS4 (White et al 1990; Gardes and sporum belongs to the Macrosporum group and is grouped Bruns 1993). In 25 mL of PCR reaction solution contained 1 mL with T. glabrum L. Fan & S. Feng and T. sinomonosporum J.Z. Cao þ DNA, 1 mL(5mM) of each primers, 2.5 mL10Â buffer (Mg2 plus), & L. Fan with strong support values (BS ¼ 100%, PP ¼ 1.0). ITS m m m 1 L dNTP (1 mM), 0.5 L BSA (0.1%), 0.5 L MgCl2,1UofTaq sequence analysis showed that these three species share a DNA polymerase (Takara Tag, Takara Biotechnology, Dalian, 87.2%e89.9% similarity. China). PCR reactions were run as follows: 94 C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of 94 C for 30 s, 52 C for 1 min and 72 C Tuber shidianense S.P. Wan, sp. nov. Fig. 2. for 1 min. The final reaction was followed by an extension at MycoBank no.: MB814191. 72 C for 10 min. The PCR products were sent to Sangon Biotech Corporation (Shanghai, China) for purifying and Ascomata whitish and brown, cracked; Dermatocystidia sequencing by using ITS1F/ITS4. dense; Ascospores globose with deep alveolar ornamentation. A total of 78 Tuber ITS rDNA sequences were used for Type: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Shidian County (11. 99E, phylogenetic analysis (Supplementary Table 1), including 2 30. 24N), in humous soil under mixed forest with Pinus yun- sequences of T. shidianense, 4 sequences of T. calosporum and nanensis as dominant species, at about 2335 m, 3 Nov 2014, 72 sequences were downloaded from GenBank. Two se- (holotype, wsp256, HKAS88770). quences derived from Choiromyces meandriformis Vittad. Gene sequences ex holotype: KT444595 (ITS); ex paratype: (HM485330 and HM485331) were selected and used as out- KT444596 (ITS). groups (Fig. 1). The matrix has been deposited in TreeBASE Etymology: In reference to the location of the type under the accession number S19191. collection. Sequences were edited and assembled using SeqMan II Ascomata (Fig. 2A) 0.5e2 cm in diam, subglobose or oval- (Larsson and Sundberg 2011). Alignment was performed using shaped, firm and occasionally cracked. Peridium densely pu- the online version of the multiple sequence alignment pro- bescent, whitish, ecru to pale yellowish-brown when fresh, gram MAFFT v7 (Katoh and Toh 2008), applying the L-INS-I becoming brown when dried. Gleba solid, pale gray when strategy, and the alignments were manually adjusted in Bio- young, marbled with white veins. Odor pleasant. Taste not Edit. The phylogenetic relationships of taxa were inferred recorded. using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Peridium 180e340 mm thick, two layers, the outer layer ML analysis on the ITS dataset was performed in RAxML 100e270 mm thick, pseudoparenchymatous (Fig. 2C, E), v.7.2.6 (Stamatakis 2006) and the GTR þ GAMMA substitution composed of big, subglobose to subangular cells, model with parameters unlinked. ML bootstrap (BS) replicates 6.8e37 Â 8e29 mm, pale yellow or hyaline; the inner layer (1000) were computed in RAxML with a rapid bootstrap anal- 39e260 mm thick, composed of intricately interwoven, hyaline ysis and search for the best-scoring ML tree. Bayesian analysis and thin-walled hyphae, 1.5e5 mm in diam. Dermatocystidia, on the ITS dataset was performed in MrBayes v.3.1.2 (Ronquist radial, up to 75 mm long, 7 mm in diam, dense, multi-septate, and Huelsenbeck 2003) and the GTR þ I þ G model was tapered, hyaline to whitish (Fig. 2E). Gleba composed of hya- selected as the best model under the Akaike Information line, interwoven, thin-walled hyphae, 1.5e5 mm broad at the mycoscience 57 (2016) 393e399 395 100/1.000/1.0 T.T.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage
    OPEN @ACCESS Freely available online ·.@"-PLOS.. IONE Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage 1 14 13 2 3 Gregory Bonito *, Matthew E. Smith , Michael Nowak , Rosanne A. Healy , Gonzalo Guevara , 4 1 5 5 6 Efren Cazares , Akihiko Kinoshita \ Eduardo R. Nouhra , Laura S. Dominguez , Leho Tedersoo , 8 9 10 11 Claude Murae, Yun Wang , Baldomero Arroyo Moreno , Donald H. Pfister , Kazuhide Nara , 12 4 1 Alessandra Zambonelli , James M. Trappe , Rytas Vilgalys 1 Deparment of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, 2 University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Biology, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America, 31nstituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 4 Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America, Slnstituto Multidisciplinario de Biologfa Vegetal, Cordoba, Argentina, 61nstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences and the Natural History Museum of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia, 71nstitute National de Ia Recherche Agronomique et Nancy University, Champenoux, France, 8 New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand, 9 Department of Plant Biology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, 10 Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 11 Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan, 12 Dipartimento di Science Agrarie, Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 131nstitute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 14 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America Citation: Bonito G, Smith ME, Nowak M, Healy RA, Guevara G, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Tuber Xanthomonosporum</I>, a New <I>Paradoxa
    ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2015. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/130.61 Volume 130, pp. 61–68 January–March 2015 Tuber xanthomonosporum, a new Paradoxa-like species from China Yuan Qing1,5, Shu-hong Li2, Cheng-yi Liu3, Lin Li2, Mei Yang3, Xiao-lei Zhang2, Xiao-lin Li 4, Lin-Yong Zheng1,4*a, & Yun Wang6*b 1 Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Sichuan University, 24 (South part) First Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2 Biotechnology & Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 9 Xueyun Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China 3Sichuan Panzhihua Academia of Agriculture and Forestry, 1719 Panzhihua Road, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China 4Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 20 Jingjusi Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 5Department of Light Chemical Engineering, Xichang College, Mapingba Road, Xichang, Sichuan, China 6Yunnan Institute for Tropical Crop Research, 99 Xuanwei Road, Jinghong, Yunnan, China * Correspondence to: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract — A new species, Tuber xanthomonosporum, is described based on specimens collected under Pinus yunnanensis in Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China. Tuber xanthomonosporum invariably has only one spore per ascus. It can be distinguished from the three other Chinese Paradoxa-like species — T. gigantosporum, T. sinomonosporum, and T. glabrum — by its whitish to yellow-brownish gleba, two-layered peridium, and spiky cystidia. Molecular analysis also supports T. xanthomonosporum as a unique species. Key words — taxonomy, Pezizales, Yunnan Introduction The genusParadoxa was erected by Mattirolo in 1935 in the Tuberaceae to accommodate Paradoxa monospora Mattir., a species which, invariably, has one-spored asci (Montecchi & Sarasini 2000; Læssøe & Hansen 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • Truffle Trouble: What Happened to the Tuberales?
    mycological research 111 (2007) 1075–1099 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Truffle trouble: what happened to the Tuberales? Thomas LÆSSØEa,*, Karen HANSENb,y aDepartment of Biology, Copenhagen University, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark bHarvard University Herbaria – Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA article info abstract Article history: An overview of truffles (now considered to belong in the Pezizales, but formerly treated in Received 10 February 2006 the Tuberales) is presented, including a discussion on morphological and biological traits Received in revised form characterizing this form group. Accepted genera are listed and discussed according to a sys- 27 April 2007 tem based on molecular results combined with morphological characters. Phylogenetic Accepted 9 August 2007 analyses of LSU rDNA sequences from 55 hypogeous and 139 epigeous taxa of Pezizales Published online 25 August 2007 were performed to examine their relationships. Parsimony, ML, and Bayesian analyses of Corresponding Editor: Scott LaGreca these sequences indicate that the truffles studied represent at least 15 independent line- ages within the Pezizales. Sequences from hypogeous representatives referred to the fol- Keywords: lowing families and genera were analysed: Discinaceae–Morchellaceae (Fischerula, Hydnotrya, Ascomycota Leucangium), Helvellaceae (Balsamia and Barssia), Pezizaceae (Amylascus, Cazia, Eremiomyces, Helvellaceae Hydnotryopsis, Kaliharituber, Mattirolomyces, Pachyphloeus, Peziza, Ruhlandiella, Stephensia, Hypogeous Terfezia, and Tirmania), Pyronemataceae (Genea, Geopora, Paurocotylis, and Stephensia) and Pezizaceae Tuberaceae (Choiromyces, Dingleya, Labyrinthomyces, Reddellomyces, and Tuber). The different Pezizales types of hypogeous ascomata were found within most major evolutionary lines often nest- Pyronemataceae ing close to apothecial species. Although the Pezizaceae traditionally have been defined mainly on the presence of amyloid reactions of the ascus wall several truffles appear to have lost this character.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuber Elevatireticulatum Sp. Nov., a New Species of Whitish Truffle from Taiwan
    Lin et al. Bot Stud (2018) 59:25 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-018-0241-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Tuber elevatireticulatum sp. nov., a new species of whitish trufe from Taiwan Chieh‑Lung Lin1, Ming‑Jer Tsai2,3, Chuen‑Hsu Fu4, Tun‑Tschu Chang4, Hoi‑Tung Li5 and King‑Fai Wong6* Abstract Background: There are estimated 180–220 species of Tuber described in the world, but the diversity of the genus in Taiwan is poorly known, with only two species recorded, i.e., Tuber formosanum and T. furfuraceum. During our survey of hypogenous fungi in Taiwan, a whitish trufe belongs to Puberulum clade was collected from roots of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis in central Taiwan and appeared to difer from the two recorded species. Results: The whitish trufe is herein described as a new species Tuber elevatireticulatum, which is distinguished from closely resembled Asian whitish trufes species like Tuber thailandicum, T. panzhihuanense, T. latisporum and T. sinopu- berulum by the association with Keteleeria host, small light brown ascocarps with a dark brown gleba, dark brownish and elliptical ascospores ornamented with a prominently raised alveolate reticulum. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of both ITS and LSU loci clearly supports T. elevatireticulatum as a new species without any signifcant incongruence. Conclusions: The whitish trufe is herein described as a new species T. elevatireticulatum based on the evidence from morphology and DNA sequences. T. elevatireticulatum is the frst scientifc record of whitish trufe in Taiwan. Keywords: Keteleeria, Morphology, Phylogeny, Taxonomy, Taiwan, Trufe, Tuber Background them among the most famous and demanding trufes in True trufes, belonging to the genus Tuber (Tuberaceae, the world (Hall et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxomony and Mycorrhizal Ecology of the Desert Truffles in the Genus
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Abdulmagid M. Alsheikh for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology presented on July 8. 1994. Title: Taxonomy and Mycorrhizal Ecology of the Desert Truffles in the Genus Terfezia. Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: James M. Trappe Mycorrhizal fungi in arid and semiarid rangelands have received little study in southwest Asia and north Africa, although they are important in food production and rangeland productivity. The desert truffles of the genera Terfezia and Tirmania form fruiting-bodies and mycorrhizae with rangeland plants. This thesis treats the taxonomy and the ecology of the genus Terfezia. A second part describes experimental studies of the mycorrhizal associations between two Tirmania and two Terfezia spp. and six annual and perennial spp. of Cistaceae. Terfezia has been found in all continents except Australia and Antarctica. Most species and specimens have been collected from north Africa to west and southwest Asia and southern Europe. Terfezia is characterized by smooth, brown to dark brown ascomata with a gleba of brown, fertile, globose to elongated pockets separated by paler, sterile but otherwise undifferentiated tramal veins; globose to subglobose, reniform or saccate asci with (3-) 5-8 (14) spores; and mostly globose, hyaline to golden brown spores prominently ornamented with spines, rods, cones, warts, papillae or reticula. Before this study, names had been proposed for 57 species, 9 varieties and 1 form within the genus Terfezia. This work retains 18 species and no varietal names. No collections were located of one species and five synonyms. Three new species are provisionally proposed.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Tuber Xanthomonosporum</I>, a New <I>Paradoxa
    ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2015. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/130.61 Volume 130, pp. 61–68 January–March 2015 Tuber xanthomonosporum, a new Paradoxa-like species from China Yuan Qing1,5, Shu-hong Li2, Cheng-yi Liu3, Lin Li2, Mei Yang3, Xiao-lei Zhang2, Xiao-lin Li 4, Lin-Yong Zheng1,4*a, & Yun Wang6*b 1 Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Sichuan University, 24 (South part) First Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2 Biotechnology & Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 9 Xueyun Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China 3Sichuan Panzhihua Academia of Agriculture and Forestry, 1719 Panzhihua Road, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China 4Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 20 Jingjusi Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 5Department of Light Chemical Engineering, Xichang College, Mapingba Road, Xichang, Sichuan, China 6Yunnan Institute for Tropical Crop Research, 99 Xuanwei Road, Jinghong, Yunnan, China * Correspondence to: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract — A new species, Tuber xanthomonosporum, is described based on specimens collected under Pinus yunnanensis in Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China. Tuber xanthomonosporum invariably has only one spore per ascus. It can be distinguished from the three other Chinese Paradoxa-like species — T. gigantosporum, T. sinomonosporum, and T. glabrum — by its whitish to yellow-brownish gleba, two-layered peridium, and spiky cystidia. Molecular analysis also supports T. xanthomonosporum as a unique species. Key words — taxonomy, Pezizales, Yunnan Introduction The genusParadoxa was erected by Mattirolo in 1935 in the Tuberaceae to accommodate Paradoxa monospora Mattir., a species which, invariably, has one-spored asci (Montecchi & Sarasini 2000; Læssøe & Hansen 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • The Protochecklist of North American Nonlichenized Fungi
    Mycologia ISSN: 0027-5514 (Print) 1557-2536 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/umyc20 The protochecklist of North American nonlichenized Fungi Scott T. Bates, Andrew N. Miller & the Macrofungi Collections and Microfungi Collections Consortia To cite this article: Scott T. Bates, Andrew N. Miller & the Macrofungi Collections and Microfungi Collections Consortia (2018): The protochecklist of North American nonlichenized Fungi, Mycologia, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2018.1515410 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1515410 View supplementary material Published online: 28 Nov 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 156 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=umyc20 MYCOLOGIA https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1515410 The protochecklist of North American nonlichenized Fungi Scott T. Bates a, Andrew N. Miller b, and the Macrofungi Collections and Microfungi Collections Consortia aDepartment of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Northwest, Westville, Indiana 46391; bIllinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820 ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Fungi are the second largest group of eukaryotic organisms on Earth, providing essential ecosys- Received 17 May 2018 tem services throughout the world. Although early attempts were made in the 20th century to Accepted 21 August 2018 document various components of the mycota of North America, no extensive list of taxonomic KEYWORDS names has ever been compiled for this region. This paper represents the first comprehensive Ascomycota; Basidiomycota; checklist for nonlichenized Fungi from North America, which is defined here as Canada, Mexico, database; natural history and the United States (and its territories), and is based on the efforts of 75 fungaria that deposited collections; taxonomy their data online in the Mycology Collections Portal (MyCoPortal).
    [Show full text]
  • Truffles of Serbia: the Genera Tuber, Paradoxa, Choiromyces and Terfezia
    Marjanović et al. 1 1 Ecological specificity and molecular diversity of 2 truffles (genus Tuber) originating from mid-west of the 3 Balkan Peninsula 4 Marjanović, Ž.1∗, Grebenc, T.2, Marković, M.3, Glišić, A.4, and Milenković, M.5 5 6 1Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1a, 11 030 Beograd, Serbia, 7 2Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 3, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 8 3Hajduk Veljkova 51/9, 14 000 Valjevo, Serbia 9 4Makedonska 34, 26340 Bela Crkva, Serbia 10 5Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Beograd, 11 Serbia 12 13 Marjanović, Ž.1, Grebenc, T.2, Marković, M.3, Glišić, A.4, and Milenković, M.5 (2009) Molecular diversity and 14 ecological specificity of truffles (genus Tuber) originating from mid-west of the Balkan Peninsula Sydowia XX 15 (X): pp-pp 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 ∗ ∗ corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Marjanović et al. 2 1 Balkan Peninsula is the last part of the South Europe to be investigated for truffles (Tuber spp.). The first 2 study of hypogeous fungi (truffles and truffle-like fungi) in Serbia has been underway since 1992. In order to 3 upgrade the data on European truffles and their natural habitats, we summarized the up to date results on their 4 diversity in Serbia, and to some extent in Montenegro and FYRO Macedonia, as a part of scarcely explored Balkan 5 Peninsula. Twelve species of the genus, including five varieties of Tuber rufum Pico, were recorded and their 6 habitats briefly described.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuberales. in the Opinion of the Present Writer, Synonymy of the Two Can Neither Be Proved Nor Disproved Until More Convincing Comparative Field Studies Are Possible
    SERIES II PART 1 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA CONTENTS TUBERALES HELEN MARGARET GILKEY 1-29 BIBLIOGRAPHY DONALD PHILIP ROGERS 30-34 INDEX. ................................................... .. 35-36 Issued 15 December 1954 Order TUBERALES * By HELEN MARGARET GILKEY Mycelium either attached at one point to the ascocarp, leaving a definite tuft, or with inconspicuous attachments over the entire surface. Ascocarp well developed, generally subterranean, varying from regular to conspicuously lobed or wrinkled, from smooth to verrucose or tuberculate, and from less than one to 10 em. or more in diameter; (a) containing a single large cavity or several to many chambers or canals opening to the surface or closed, the canals free or, if filled with a loose network of hyphae, known as venae externae; the ascus-bearing tissue, if vein-like, called venae internae; walls of the chambers and canals lined by hymenium consisting of a palisade of asci and paraphyses or of asci irregularly placed; or (b) sometimes lacking cavities, the asci appear­ ing embedded nest-like in the tissue of the ascocarp, the nests separated by veins. Asci cylindric or clavate to nearly spherical, 1-8-spored. Spores ellip­ soid, fusiform, or globose, smooth or sculptured. Asci forming a distinct hymenium in palisade or irregularly placed. bordering either open cavities or venae externae. Hymenium in form of palisade. the paraphyses fused beyond the tips of the asci to form a secondary cortex. Fam. 1. GENEACEAE. Hymenium irregularly arranged. or if in palisade. the paraphyses not fused to form a secondary cortex. Fam. 2. TUBERAcEAE. Asci not forming a distinct hymenium. but borne in nest-like areas separated by sterile veins.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Ascomycota</I>
    Persoonia 42, 2019: 36–49 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.02 Two new classes of Ascomycota: Xylobotryomycetes and Candelariomycetes H. Voglmayr1, J. Fournier 2, W.M. Jaklitsch1,3 Key words Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of a combined DNA data matrix containing nuclear small and large subunits (nSSU, nLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) ribosomal RNA and the largest and second largest subunits of the Ascomycota RNA polymerase II (rpb1, rpb2) of representative Pezizomycotina revealed that the enigmatic genera Xylobotryum Dothideomycetes and Cirrosporium form an isolated, highly supported phylogenetic lineage within Leotiomyceta. Acknowledging their Eurotiomycetes morphological and phylogenetic distinctness, we describe the new class Xylobotryomycetes, containing the new five new taxa order Xylobotryales with the two new families Xylobotryaceae and Cirrosporiaceae. The two currently accepted multigene phylogenetic analyses species of Xylobotryum, X. andinum and X. portentosum, are described and illustrated by light and scanning elec- pyrenomycetes tron microscopy. The generic type species X. andinum is epitypified with a recent collection for which a culture and Sordariomycetes sequence data are available. Acknowledging the phylogenetic distinctness of Candelariomycetidae from Lecanoro­ mycetes revealed in previous and the current phylogenetic analyses, the new class Candelariomycetes is proposed. Article info Received: 25 April 2018; Accepted: 13 June 2018; Published: 27 July 2018. INTRODUCTION genus and species Melanobotrys tasmanicus, a synonym of Xylobotryum andinum, without a familial affiliation. Miller Xylobotryum is an enigmatic stromatic ascomycete genus (1949) excluded Xylobotryum from Xylariaceae due to 2-celled characterised by a unique suite of characters, i.e., perithecioid ascospores and asci lacking a xylariaceous apical apparatus, ascomata on erect, branched or unbranched stromata, a hama- but did not propose an alternative classification.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuber Spp.) in the World Soil Ecology, Systematics and Biochemistry Soil Biology
    Soil Biology Alessandra Zambonelli Mirco Iotti Claude Murat Editors True Tru e (Tuber spp.) in the World Soil Ecology, Systematics and Biochemistry Soil Biology Volume 47 Series Editor Ajit Varma, Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/5138 Alessandra Zambonelli • Mirco Iotti • Claude Murat Editors True Truffle (Tuber spp.) in the World Soil Ecology, Systematics and Biochemistry Editors Alessandra Zambonelli Mirco Iotti Department of Agricultural Science Department of Life, Health University of Bologna and Environmental Sciences Bologna, Italy University of L’Aquila L’Aquila, Italy Claude Murat INRA, Universite´ de Lorraine Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes Lab of Excellence ARBRE Champenoux, France ISSN 1613-3382 ISSN 2196-4831 (electronic) Soil Biology ISBN 978-3-319-31434-1 ISBN 978-3-319-31436-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016945975 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Tuber Magnatum</I>
    MYCOTAXON ISSN (print) 0093-4666 (online) 2154-8889 Mycotaxon, Ltd. ©2017 July–September 2017—Volume 132, pp. 635–642 https://doi.org/10.5248/132.635 Tuber magnatum in Thailand, a first report from Asia Nakarin Suwannarach, Jaturong Kumla, Jomkwan Meerak & Saisamorn Lumyong* Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand * Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract—Specimens collected in Thailand have been identified as Tuber magnatum, based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis of the LSU and ITS sequences. A description and illustration are provided. This is the first record of this fungus from Asia. Key words—ascomycete, hypogeous fungi, taxonomy, white truffle Introduction Truffles (Tuber spp., Tuberaceae, Pezizales) are well known as the most expensive edible fungi in the world (Hall et al. 2003, 2007; Zambonelli et al. 2016). The Italian white truffle (T. magnatum), Périgord black truffle (T. melanosporum Vittad.), and summer truffle (T. aestivum Vittad.) are highly prized foods in Europe (Hall et al. 2007; Stobbe et al. 2013). In North America, Oregon white truffles (T. oregonense Trappe et al. and T. gibbosum Harkn.) are commercially harvested (Bonito et al. 2011). An Asian black truffle, T. indicum Cooke & Massee (the first Asian truffle reported from India; Cooke 1892), is one of the renowned commercial species in China (Mortimer et al. 2012). Since the 1980s, more than 20 new Tuber species have been discovered in China, Japan, and Taiwan (Liu & Liu 1994; Tao 1988; García-Montero et al. 2010; Fan et al. 2011a,b, 2012a,b, 2014, 2015; Fan & Cao 2012; Deng et al.
    [Show full text]