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Four New Additions of Orchid Species for the Flora of Tripura, North East

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Four New Additions of Orchid Species for the Flora of Tripura, North East herbarium of the Department of Botany, Tripura University. cence erect, on fully grown young pseudobulb, the scape FOUR NEW ADDITIONS OF ORCHID SPECIES FOR THE FLORA OF TRIPURA, However, we did not compare our collected specimen with slender, 20 cm long, the rachis 15cm, flexous, bearing about NORTH EAST INDIA the isotype specimen at the Botanical Survey of India. This 15 flowers all open together. Bracts 3cm long, falling. Flower study reveals that four orchid species viz., Coelogyne white, not widely opening. Sepals about 1.7 by 0.6 cm, petals B. Baishnab, B. Banik, K. Majumdar* and B.K. Datta flexuosa Rolfe, Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl, Liparis odorata 1.4 by 0.4cm, side lobes lip erect, rounded, mid lobe half total (Willd) Lindl, Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl, which are length of lip, hardly widening from the base, very shortly Plant Taxonomy & Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Botany, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India reported here as new distributional records for the state tipped, about 6mm wide, keels on lip 3, smooth, from near (Table 1 & Fig.1). base to apex, interrupted near base where the laterals are a *Correspondence: [email protected] little longer, a yellow patch across middle of mid-lobe and continued back along base of side lobes, column 7mm long, ABSTRACT narrowly winged (Fig. 2). In the present study, four additional Orchids belonging to genera, Coelogyne, Bulbophyllum, Liparis, and Dendrobium of the Flowering and Fruiting: April–June family Orchidaceae were considered as new addition to the flora of Tripura, Northeast India. Present information will be useful for future population assessment and reproductive biology studies to manage its wild stock. In Tripura, orchids suffer Distribution: peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bali and Java, India, Tripura. large-scale extinction especially as a result of clear felling of large trees, modification preferred habitat and might due to the effect of climate change. Status: Locally rare. Keywords: Orchids, New distribution, Conservation, Bulbophyllum. Ecology: Found in hilly forests at elevations of 700 to 900 meters high up on isolated tree trunks and branches in bright INTRODUCTION Khowai, Gomati, North Tripura, South Tripura, West light as a medium sized, warm to cool growing epiphyte with Tripura, and Unakoti. Its unique ecosystem favours growth close set, ovoid, ridged pseudobulb. Orchidaceae is one of the largest and highly evolved families of plants considered as Natures reservoir of plants Medicinal use: Paste of pseudobulb is applied to forehead to of angiosperms, consisting of about 28,000 currently resources. Almost all varieties of plants relating to different Fig. 1. Map showing distribution locations of newly recorded four cure headache and fever, juice is taken for indigestion. accepted species, distributed in about 763 genera climatic conditions are found in the state where orchids are orchid species of Tripura, North-East India (Christenhusz et al., 2016). So far about 1331 species under important component of vegetation. The climate of Tripura Exsiccatae: Tripura, North district, Jampui hill, Datta and 186 genera have been reported from India out of which about is typically a tropical dry and wet climate with a high level of Table 1. List of four new recorded Orchid species along Baishnab, TUH-1960, Dated 02-05-2017 900 species in 165 genera are found in North East India humidity and heavy rainfall. The four main seasons are with their geographic details (Misra 2007; Rao 2007). Orchids are cultivated for their 2. Bulbophyllum lobbi Lindl., Edwards's Bot. winter, from December to February; pre-monsoon or Name of the plant Acc ession Habit Occurrence Geographical No. Coordination Reg.33:t.29. 1847. beautiful flowers, economic importance and also for their summer, from March to April; monsoon, from May to medicinal value. Their worldwide distribution is due to their Coelogyne flexuosa Rolfe TUH-1960 Epiphytic Jampui range, 23°49'58.0"N, September; and post-monsoon, from October to November. North District of 092°15'30.1"E Synonyms: Bullbophyllum claptonense Rolfe; Bullbophyllum range of diversity in shape, size and colour of flowers and Tripura The rainy and moist environment of the state supports a Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl. TUH-1972 Epiphytic Chandrapur, 23°27'43.0"N, henshallii Lindley; Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindley var comprising of herbaceous plants, characterized by distinct Gomati District 091°29'41.8"E diversified flora including rich orchid diversity. henshallii Lindley Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindley var floral morphology, pollination mechanism, association with of Tripura. Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. TUH- 1980 Terrestrial Udaipur, Pe ratia 23°27'43.0"N, siamense Rchbf ; Bulbophyllum siamense Rchbf. unique fungal partners (mycorrhizae) and miniscule seeds METHODOLOGY 091°29'41.8"E Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl. TUH-1985 Epiphyte Jampui hill 23°49'58.0"N, they are consider to be the highly advanced family in 092°15'30.1"E Description: Rhizome usually rather long, creeper, bearing a Several field visits were made throughout the state in monocots (Singh et al., 2001). In the flora of Tripura state RESULTS AND DISCUSSION series of pseudobulbs. Leaves one, arise from the apex of different districts during 2016-2017 covering all the season there are 33 orchid species under 22 genera (Deb 1983). pseudobulb, leaf blade leathery. Scape arises from the base of Tripura is one of the eighth states of north-east India, third- of the year. During field exploration we collected several Taxonomic description a pseudobulb and covers pseudobulb. Flowers are solitary 5- 1. Coelogyne flexuosa Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1892 smallest state in the country and it is bordered by Bangladesh orchid species. Fresh orchid species were collected from the 6 cm across, yellow with thin longitudinal, brown stripes (69): 209. to the north, south, and west, and the Indian states of Assam field for taxonomical study as well as made into standard across all floral segments. Petals and sepals are shaped like 2 mounted herbarium sheets following the procedure of (Jain blades. Dorsal sepal is upright and pointed. Petals are and Mizoram to the east. The area of Tripura is 10491 km of Synonyms: Coelogyne bimaculata Ridl.; Ptychogyne 2 1977). The identity of collected specimens determined by which about 17.4% that is 1825 km is under forest cover. bimaculata (Ridl.) Pfitzer; Ptychogyne flexuosa (Rolfe) horizontal and curve downwards towards the tip (Fig. 3). study of detailed taxonomic descriptions in different floras Tripura located on the extreme corner of the Indian Pfitzer. (Hooker 1890; Chowdhery 1998, 2009) and other relevant Flowering and fruiting: March-May subcontinent. It extends from 22°56'N to 24°32'N, and taxonomic study and e-floras of India and abroad 91°09'E to 92°20'E. Its maximum extent measures about 184 Description: Pseudobulb close, about 7 cm long, 3.5cm Distribution: Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Indonesia, Malaysia, (http://www.efloras.org; https://sites.google.com/site/e km from north to south, and 113 km east to west. This small wide near the base, ovoid, ridged, leaves2, about 25 by 5 cm, and the Philippines at elevations of 200 to 2000 meters, floraofindia/). The voucher specimens were deposited in the state divided into eight districts, these are Dhalai, Sipahijala, with a short stalk, tip acute, edges slightly wavy. Inflores- 111 ENVIS Centre on Himalayan Ecology ENVIS Bulletin Himalayan Ecology, Vol 25, 2017 112 herbarium of the Department of Botany, Tripura University. cence erect, on fully grown young pseudobulb, the scape FOUR NEW ADDITIONS OF ORCHID SPECIES FOR THE FLORA OF TRIPURA, However, we did not compare our collected specimen with slender, 20 cm long, the rachis 15cm, flexous, bearing about NORTH EAST INDIA the isotype specimen at the Botanical Survey of India. This 15 flowers all open together. Bracts 3cm long, falling. Flower study reveals that four orchid species viz., Coelogyne white, not widely opening. Sepals about 1.7 by 0.6 cm, petals B. Baishnab, B. Banik, K. Majumdar* and B.K. Datta flexuosa Rolfe, Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl, Liparis odorata 1.4 by 0.4cm, side lobes lip erect, rounded, mid lobe half total (Willd) Lindl, Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl, which are length of lip, hardly widening from the base, very shortly Plant Taxonomy & Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Botany, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India reported here as new distributional records for the state tipped, about 6mm wide, keels on lip 3, smooth, from near (Table 1 & Fig.1). base to apex, interrupted near base where the laterals are a *Correspondence: [email protected] little longer, a yellow patch across middle of mid-lobe and continued back along base of side lobes, column 7mm long, ABSTRACT narrowly winged (Fig. 2). In the present study, four additional Orchids belonging to genera, Coelogyne, Bulbophyllum, Liparis, and Dendrobium of the Flowering and Fruiting: April–June family Orchidaceae were considered as new addition to the flora of Tripura, Northeast India. Present information will be useful for future population assessment and reproductive biology studies to manage its wild stock. In Tripura, orchids suffer Distribution: peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bali and Java, India, Tripura. large-scale extinction especially as a result of clear felling of large trees, modification preferred habitat and might due to the effect of climate change. Status: Locally rare. Keywords: Orchids, New distribution, Conservation, Bulbophyllum. Ecology: Found in hilly forests at elevations of 700 to 900 meters high up on isolated tree trunks and branches in bright INTRODUCTION Khowai, Gomati, North Tripura, South Tripura, West light as a medium sized, warm to cool growing epiphyte with Tripura, and Unakoti. Its unique ecosystem favours growth close set, ovoid, ridged pseudobulb. Orchidaceae is one of the largest and highly evolved families of plants considered as Natures reservoir of plants Medicinal use: Paste of pseudobulb is applied to forehead to of angiosperms, consisting of about 28,000 currently resources.
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