Zootaxa 4286 (1): 129–133 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Correspondence ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4286.1.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:27E1AE96-0C8D-41A8-82D3-E5BD9475C23A

First record of the genus Zeuxevania Kieffer, 1902 from Oriental Region (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae)

YI-CHENG LI1 & ZAI-FU XU1,2 1Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China 2Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

A new species of Zeuxevania Kieffer, 1902 is described and illustrated from Yunnan, China: Zeuxevania orientalis Li & Xu, sp. nov.. A key to the species of Zeuxevania is provided.

Zeuxevania Kieffer, 1902 is a small and rare genus of Evaniidae (Hymenoptera), with eight valid described species reported in Afrotropical and Palearctic regions (Deans 2005; Deans et al. 2016). The genus of Zeuxevania is characterized by the following characters: antenna 13-segmented; head often appearing globular in lateral view; fore wing with six closed cells, vein 1RS missing, fusing basal and 1st submarginal cells; both 1cu-a and 2cu-a present; distance between mid and hind coxae 0.6 × or less distance between fore and mid coxae; hind tibia and tarsus without prominent spines. Prior to this paper no species of Zeuxevania had been recorded from the Oriental region or China. Here one new species is discovered and described from China, Yunnan, representing the first record of the genus from the Oriental region.

Material and methods Specimens were examined under a Motic SMZ-168 stereomicroscope. All photographs were taken with a digital camera Cool SNAP attached to the Zeiss Stemi 2000-cs stereomicroscope and processed by using Image-Pro Plus software. Figures were finished with Photoshop CC 2015.0.0, mostly to adjust the size and background. Terminology of wing venation follows Deans & Huben (2003), other morphological terms mainly follow the Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology Portal (HAO Portal) (Yoder et al. 2010) and Kawada (2011). Measurements in descriptions are relative, except for body length and fore wing length reported in millimeters. Abbreviations used in the text are: POL= the shortest distance between posterior ocelli; OOL= the shortest distance between posterior ocellus and compound eye; OD=the diameter of ocellus. The holotype of new species is deposited in the Hymenoptera collection of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou (SCAU).

Genus Zeuxevania Kieffer, 1902 Zeuxevania Kieffer, 1902: 4. Zeuxevania Kieffer: Kieffer 1911: 155; Kieffer 1912: 54; Benoit 1949: 274; 1952: 166; Deans & Huben 2003: 863; Deans 2005: 107. Type species: Evania dinarica Schletterer, 1886, by monotypy. Biology. Egg parasitoids of Apotrogia, Blattella, and Loboptera (Blattodea) (Deans 2005). Species included. Eight species. Zeuxevania africana Kieffer, 1911, Z. globiceps Enderlein, 1903, Z. lamellata Benoit, 1952, Z. longicornis Kieffer, 1910, Z. mangbetuana Benoit, 1949, Z. splendidula (Costa, 1884), Z. tenuistilus Enderlein, 1903, and Z. variabilis Benoit, 1952. Distribution. Oriental region: China (new record); Afrotropical region: Congo, Madagascar, Mozambique, and Tanzania; Palearctic region: Croatia, Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, and Tunisia (Costa 1884; Enderlein 1903; Kieffer 1910, 1911, 1912; Benoit 1949, 1952; Deans 2005; Deans et al. 2016).

Accepted by J. Jennings: 2 May 2017; published: 29 Jun. 2017 129 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Key to species of genus Zeuxevania 1 Prothorax, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum reddish-orange; mesoscutellum smooth; pronotum visible medially and form lamelliform anteriorly in dorsal view ...... Z. lamellata Benoit - Prothorax, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum red, reddish-brown to black; mesoscutellum finely punctate; pronotum not visible medially in dorsal view...... 2 2 Head mostly black, with face and lower part of gena yellowish-brown to brown...... Z. orientalis Li & Xu, sp. nov. - Head fully blackish-brown to black ...... 3 3 Fore wing membrane hyaline, with apex fuscous ...... Z. mangbetuana Benoit - Fore wing membrane wholly hyaline...... 4 4 Lateral margin of mesoscutum straight medially; petiole laterally 2.5 × as long as propodeum dorsally...... Z. variabilis Benoit - Lateral margin of mesoscutum bent medially; petiole laterally less than 2.3 × as long as propodeum dorsally ...... 5 Hind tibia and first tarsomere with small spines ...... Z. longicornis Kieffer - Hind tibia and first tarsomere without small spines ...... 6 6 Median lobe of mesoscutum triangular; notauli convergent posteriorly...... 7 - Median lobe of mesoscutum trapezoidal; notauli not convergent posteriorly ...... 8 7 Petiole distinctly bent, laterally about 2.2 × as long as propodeum dorsally ...... Z. tenuistilus Enderlein - Petiole straight or slightly bent, laterally about 1.5 × as long as propodeum dorsally...... Z. globiceps Enderlein 8 Fore wing with vein 3M and 3CU and reaching outer margin; hind wing with seven hamuli; metasternal processes divergent ...... Z. africana Kieffer - Fore wing without vein 3M and 3CU; hind wing with five to six hamuli; metasternal processes parallel ... Z. splendidula (Costa)

Zeuxevania orientalis Li & Xu, sp. nov. (Figs 1–10) Material examined. Holotype: ♂, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Tengchong County, Houqiao Town, 1.VI.2009, Geng-yun Niu (SCAU). Paratype: 1 ♂, same locality and date as holotype, Mei-cai Wei (SCAU). Diagnosis. Zeuxevania orientalis Li & Xu, sp. nov. can be separated from other Zeuxevania species by the following characters: head black, with face and lower part of gena yellowish-brown to brown; mesosoma black; petiole mostly black, with apex yellowish-brown; flagellomere 1 about as long as flagellomere 2; pronotum lateral angles rounded, enlarged and exceeding to tegulae laterally; mesoscutellum moderately depressed laterally and slightly angulate postero-laterally; fore wing membrane wholly hyaline; hind tibia and first tarsomere without small spine; petiole laterally 3.2 × as long as propodeum dorsally. Description. Holotype. Male. Body length 4.4 mm; fore wing length 5.3 mm.

FIGURE 1. Zeuxevania orientalis sp. nov. ♂, holotype, habitus, lateral view.

130 · Zootaxa 4286 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press LI & XU Head. Head fully pubescent and finely and sparsely punctate; hemispherical in lateral view and circular in frontal view. Toruli slightly ventral to vertical midline of eye. Antennal sockets clearly separated. Face slightly convex; lower face with a small tubercle medially. Apex of clypeus moderately protruded medially. Malar carina absent. Malar space length 1.2 × as long as basal width of mandible. Antennal scape 2.8 × as long as wide; pedicel as long as wide; antennal segments in following proportions: 52:15:59:60:58:55:47:47:44:40:38:36:46. Mandible with three teeth, apical tooth longer and sharper than other two. Maxillary and labial palpi without swelling, with 5 and 4 segments, respectively. Eye elliptical, 0.5 × as wide as high at widest point. OOL:POL:OD=3:3:2. Occipital carina complete.

FIGURES 2–7. Zeuxevania orientalis sp. nov. ♂, holotype. 2. Antenna; 3. Head, frontal view; 4. Head, lateral view; 5. Head, dorsal view; 6. Mesosoma, lateral view; 7. Mesosoma and petiole, dorsal view.

ORIENTAL ZEUXEVANIA Zootaxa 4286 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 131 Mesosoma. Mesosoma fully pubescent, 1.4 × as long as high in lateral view. Pronotum lateral angles rounded, enlarged and exceeding to tegulae laterally. Mesoscutum finely and sparsely punctate; 0.7 × as long as wide; moderately convex medially, slightly depressed antero-laterally and slightly angulate postero-laterally. Notauli complete, not straight and not collided posteriorly. Parapsidal furrows present posteriorly. Mesoscutellum finely and sparsely punctate; 0.9 × as long as mesoscutum; moderately convex medially, moderately depressed laterally and slightly angulate postero-laterally. Metanotum irregularly foveolate. Propleuron, mesopleuron and metapleuron weakly reticulate-rugose. Propodeum reticulate-rugose. Metasternal processes divergent. Distance between mid and hind coxae distinctly shorter than distance between fore and mid coxae (4:9). Hind leg 4.8 × as long as mesosoma height. Hind femur 0.9 × as long as hind tibia; hind tibia and first tarsomere without small spine; hind tibia 0.9 × as long as hind tarsus; hind inner tibial spur 1.8 × as long as outer spur, 0.7 × as long as first tarsomere of hind tarsus; first tarsomere of hind tarsus 0.7 × as long as hind tarsomeres 2–5 combined; tarsal claw bidentate. Fore wing with 6 closed cells; vein 1RS absent, fusing basal and 1st submarginal cells; vein 2cu-a, 3RS, and 4RS distinctly present; 2Mb+3M spectral reaching to outer margin. Hind wing with distinct vein M+CU, and with eight hamuli. Metasoma. Petiole fully pubescent, finely and sparsely punctate dorsally, smooth ventrally; about as wide as high; 9.1 × as long as wide; laterally 3.2 × as long as propodeum dorsally. Metasoma fully pubescent and finely punctate; elliptical in lateral view.

FIGURES 8–10. Zeuxevania orientalis sp. nov. ♂, holotype. 8. Hind legs; 9. Metasoma, lateral view; 10. Wings.

Colouration. Head black, with face and lower part of gena yellowish-brown to brown. Mandible yellowish-brown, with teeth blackish-brown. Maxillary and labial palpi yellowish-brown. Antenna blackish-brown, with scape and first flagellomere brown ventrally. Mesosoma black. Fore leg brown, with coxa and femur partly blackish-brown. Mid leg

132 · Zootaxa 4286 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press LI & XU brown, with coxa black and femur blackish-brown. Hind leg black, with anterior one third of tibia brown, spurs and tarsus yellowish-brown. Petiole mostly black, with apex yellowish-brown. Metasoma black. Wing membrane hyaline; vein blackish-brown. Female. Unknown. Variation. Paratype: body length 5.0 mm; fore wing length 5.6 mm; hind wing with nine hamuli. Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. The new species similar to Z. variabilis Benoit, but it can be distinguished from the latter by: body mostly black (mostly blackish-brown in Z. variabilis); antenna blackish-brown, with scape and first flagellomere brown ventrally (antenna blackish-brown, with flagellomeres 1–4 pale yellow to yellowish-brown in Z. variabilis); flagellomere 1 about as long as flagellomere 2 (about 2.0 × in Z. variabilis); and petiole laterally 3.2 × as long as propodeum dorsally (2.5 in Z. variabilis). Etymology. The specific name “orientalis” refers to first record of this genus in Oriental region.

Acknowledgements We very appreciate Andy Deans and John Jennings for their valuable comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. We are grateful to Chen Hua-yan (Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, USA) for providing some references. The study was partly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB127600).

References Benoit, P.L.G. (1949) Nouveaux Evaniidae du Congo belge appartenant aux genres Zeuxevania, Evania, et Prosevania. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 42, 274–284. Benoit, P.L.G. (1952) Les Evaniidae Malgaches (Hym-Terebr.). Mémoires de l’Institut Scientifique de Madagascar, Série E, I (1), 165–179. Costa, A. (1884) Notizie ed osservazioni sulla Geo-Fauna Sarda. Memoria terza. Atti della Reale Accademia della Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche Napoli, 21 (9), 1–64. Deans, A.R. (2005) Annotated catalog of the world's ensign wasp species (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 34 (1), 1–164. Deans, A.R. & Huben, M. (2003) Annotated key to the ensign wasp (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) genera of the world, with descriptions of three new genera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 105 (4), 859–875. Deans, A.R., Yoder, M.J. & Dole, K. (2016) Evanioidea Online–catalog of information about evanioid wasps (Hymenoptera). Available from: http://evanioidea.info (accessed 18 October 2016) Enderlein, G. (1903) Zwei neue ostafrikanische Zeuxevania-Arten. Berliner Entomologische Zeitscrift, 48, 41–44. Kawada, R. (2011) Pictorial key for females of Decevania Huben (Hymenoptera, Evaniidae) and description of a new species. ZooKeys, 116, 59–84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.116.1473 Kieffer, J.J. (1902) Zeuxevania Kieffer. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Vol. 2. Hymenoptera fam. Evaniidae. Brussels, Belgium, pp. 1–13, 1 pl. Kieffer, J.J. (1910) Serphidae, Cynipidae, Chalcididae, Evaniidae, und Stephanidae as Äquatorialafrika. Wißenschaftliche Ergibnisse der Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition 1907–1908, 3, 1–29. Kieffer, J.J. (1911) Étude sur les évaniides exotiques (Hym.). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 80, 151–231. Kieffer, J.J. (1912) Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Evaniidae. Das Tierreich, 30, I–XIX + 1–431. Yoder, M.J., Mikó, I., Seltmann, K.C., Bertone, M.A. & Deans, A.R. (2010) A gross anatomy ontology for Hymenoptera. PLoS ONE, 5(12), e15991. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015991

ORIENTAL ZEUXEVANIA Zootaxa 4286 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 133