11/10/2010
Ing. Manuel Benites
7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM ) b. Time division (TDM) c. Applications and hierarchies 8 El Modelo OSI a. Architecture and layers of the model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
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7 Multiplexing
Multiplexing categories
7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM)
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7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM )
7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM)
FDM is a multiplexing technique that combines analog signals.
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7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM)
FDM Process
7 Multiplexing a. Frequency division (FDM)
Example of FDM multiplexing
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7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
TDM is a digital multiplexing technique for combining several low‐speed channels into one high‐capacity channel.
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7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
Synchronous TDM multiplexing
Figure 3-37
7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
Syypgnchronous TDM multiplexing
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7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
In the synchronous TDM, the data rate of the link is n times faster, and the unit of duration is n times shorter.
Figure 3-39
7 Multiplexing b. Time division (TDM)
Asynchronous TDM
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7 Multiplexing c. Applications and hierarchies
7 Multiplexing c. Applications and hierarchies
Analog hierarchy
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8 The OSI Model a. Architecture and layers of the model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
8 The OSI Model a. Architecture and layers of the model
Established in 1947, the International Standards Organization (OSI) is a multinational organization concerned with attaining agreement on international standardsstandards..
An OSI standard tha t covers all aspects of network communications is the Open Systems Interconnection modelmodel..ItItwas the first model introduced in the 19701970ss..
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8 The OSI model a. Architecture and layers of the model
The OSI seven‐layer model
8 The OSI model a. Architecture and layers of the model
ISO model –Interaction between layers
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
An exchange using the ISO model
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnectin of layers
Physical layer
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The physical layer is responsible for the movement of individual bits from one node (hop) to the next
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Data link layer
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop to the next.
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Hop-to-hop delivery
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Network layer
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of levels
The network layer is responsible for delivering individual packets from the source host to the destination host.
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Source – destination delivery
8 The OSI Model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Transport layer
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The transport layer is responsible for delivering a message from one process to another.
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Reliability in message delivery Process - process
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Session layer
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The session layer is responsible for dialogue control and syncronization.
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Presentation layer
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The presentation layer is responsible for translation, compression and encryption
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Application layer
8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
The application layer is responsible for the provision of services to the user.
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8 The OSI model b. Functions and interconnection of layers
Summary of layers
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