Ctenosaura Similis
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Ctenosaura Melanosterna
Studbook breeding programme Ctenosaura melanosterna Honduran Paleate Spiny-Tailed Iguana Foto by René Gaal Annual report 2008 René Gaal studbook keeper Evert Henningheim studbook keeper KvK nr. 41136106 www.studbooks.eu Contents: 1. introduction 2. studbook population 3. locations 4. births 5. imports 6. deaths 7. transfers 8. discussion 9. References 1. Introduction: In February 2007 the IUCN ( the World Conservation Union) classified the species of Ctenosaura melanosterna as critical endangered. The need of a studbook was born. 04 June 2007 the Studbook of Ctenosaura melanosterna was a fact. Ctenosaura melanosterna is a Spiny Tail Iguana species from Honduras. It is found on the mainland (Rio Aguan Valley) and on the islands Hog and Cayos Chochinos. The habitat on the mainland is dry subtropical/tropical forest. The habitat on the islands is tropical forest. There are not many animals in captivity. At the start of the studbook we know only 5 locations where C. melanosterna are kept. 4 in the Netherlands and 1 in the USA. Only 3 locations (Blijdorp, Gaal, Stienen) were interested in joining the studbook. The other two locations can be named traders. 2. Studbook population At present December 31, the studbook population is 3.5.24 (32). The living population however is 2.5.23 (30) 3. Location The 30 living specimens are kept on 6 locations, 3 in the Netherlands and 3 in the U.S.A. 4. Birth The location Gaal was this year the first with successful breeding of 10 hatchlings in January. The location Stienen hatched only one young in Oktober. 5. -
Ctenosaura Similis (Gray, 1831) (Squamata: Iguanidae) in Venezuela
HERPETOTROPICOS Vol. 4(1):41 Herpetological Notes / Notas Herpetologicas Copyright © 2008 Univ. Los Andes129 Printed in Venezuela. All rights reserved ISSN 1690-7930 FIRST RECORD OF THE SPINY-TAILED IGUANA CTENOSAURA SIMILIS (GRAY, 1831) (SQUAMATA: IGUANIDAE) IN VENEZUELA DIEGO FLORES 1 AND LUIS FELIPE ESQUEDA 2 1 Biology student, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná, Venezuela. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Research associate, Laboratorio de Biogeografía, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela. E-mail: [email protected] The spiny-tailed iguanas of the genus Ctenosaura Wiegmann, 1828, range from coastal central Mexico to Panama, inhabiting tropical arid and moist lowlands below 500 m, along Atlantic and Pacific coasts. They comprise about 17 species (Queiroz 1987, Buckley and Axtell 1997, Köhler et al. 2000). Most species posses restricted distributions, although some, like Ctenosaura acanthura, C. hemilopha, C. pectinata and C. similis, show a wider distribution. The later has the greatest distribution, being present from the Mexican isthmus of Tehuantepec, to Colombia, including southern Mexico, Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Belize, Costa Rica, Panama, Providence and San Andres islands (Smith and Taylor 1950, Smith 1972, Henderson 1973, Köhler 1995a,b). The first author spotted a population of Ctenosaura iguanas in eastern Venezuela, specifically in Anzoátegui state, at the borders of municipios Diego Bautista Urbaneja, Sotillo, and Bolívar. A collected specimen, deposited in the herpetological collection of the Laboratory of Biogeography at University of Los Andes in Mérida (museum number ULABG 7315), substantiates the distribution record. Morphological details and coloration of the specimens (Fig. -
Iguanid and Varanid CAMP 1992.Pdf
CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR IGUANIDAE AND VARANIDAE WORKING DOCUMENT December 1994 Report from the workshop held 1-3 September 1992 Edited by Rick Hudson, Allison Alberts, Susie Ellis, Onnie Byers Compiled by the Workshop Participants A Collaborative Workshop AZA Lizard Taxon Advisory Group IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group SPECIES SURVIVAL COMMISSION A Publication of the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA A contribution of the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, and the AZA Lizard Taxon Advisory Group. Cover Photo: Provided by Steve Reichling Hudson, R. A. Alberts, S. Ellis, 0. Byers. 1994. Conservation Assessment and Management Plan for lguanidae and Varanidae. IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group: Apple Valley, MN. Additional copies of this publication can be ordered through the IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group, 12101 Johnny Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124. Send checks for US $35.00 (for printing and shipping costs) payable to CBSG; checks must be drawn on a US Banlc Funds may be wired to First Bank NA ABA No. 091000022, for credit to CBSG Account No. 1100 1210 1736. The work of the Conservation Breeding Specialist Group is made possible by generous contributions from the following members of the CBSG Institutional Conservation Council Conservators ($10,000 and above) Australasian Species Management Program Gladys Porter Zoo Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Sponsors ($50-$249) Chicago Zoological -
Roatán Spiny-Tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura Oedirhina) Conservation Action Plan 2020–2025 Edited by Stesha A
Roatán spiny-tailed iguana (Ctenosaura oedirhina) Conservation action plan 2020–2025 Edited by Stesha A. Pasachnik, Ashley B.C. Goode and Tandora D. Grant INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE IUCN IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and greening the world economy by supporting scientific research, managing field projects all over the world, and bringing governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,400 government and NGO members and almost 15,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by around 950 staff in more than 50 countries and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. www.iucn.org IUCN Species Programme The IUCN Species Programme supports the activities of the IUCN Species Survival Commission and individual Specialist Groups, as well as implementing global species conservation initiatives. It is an integral part of the IUCN Secretariat and is managed from IUCN’s international headquarters in Gland, Switzerland. The Species Programme includes a number of technical units covering Wildlife Trade, the Red List, Freshwater Biodiversity Assessments (all located in Cambridge, UK), and the Global Biodiversity Assessment Initiative (located in Washington DC, USA). IUCN Species Survival Commission The Species Survival Commission (SSC) is the largest of IUCN’s six volunteer commissions with a global membership of more than 9,000 experts. -
RHINOCEROS IGUANA Cyclura Cornuta Cornuta (Bonnaterre 1789)
HUSBANDRY GUIDELINES: RHINOCEROS IGUANA Cyclura cornuta cornuta (Bonnaterre 1789) REPTILIA: IGUANIDAE Compiler: Cameron Candy Date of Preparation: DECEMBER, 2009 Institute: Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond, NSW, Australia Course Name/Number: Certificate III in Captive Animals - 1068 Lecturers: Graeme Phipps - Jackie Salkeld - Brad Walker Husbandry Guidelines: C. c. cornuta 1 ©2009 Cameron Candy OHS WARNING RHINOCEROS IGUANA Cyclura c. cornuta RISK CLASSIFICATION: INNOCUOUS NOTE: Adult C. c. cornuta can be reclassified as a relatively HAZARDOUS species on an individual basis. This may include breeding or territorial animals. POTENTIAL PHYSICAL HAZARDS: Bites, scratches, tail-whips: Rhinoceros Iguanas will defend themselves when threatened using bites, scratches and whipping with the tail. Generally innocuous, however, bites from adults can be severe resulting in deep lacerations. RISK MANAGEMENT: To reduce the risk of injury from these lizards the following steps should be followed: - Keep animal away from face and eyes at all times - Use of correct PPE such as thick gloves and employing correct and safe handling techniques when close contact is required. Conditioning animals to handling is also generally beneficial. - Collection Management; If breeding is not desired institutions can house all female or all male groups to reduce aggression - If aggressive animals are maintained protective instrument such as a broom can be used to deflect an attack OTHER HAZARDS: Zoonosis: Rhinoceros Iguanas can potentially carry the bacteria Salmonella on the surface of the skin. It can be passed to humans through contact with infected faeces or from scratches. Infection is most likely to occur when cleaning the enclosure. RISK MANAGEMENT: To reduce the risk of infection from these lizards the following steps should be followed: - ALWAYS wash hands with an antiseptic solution and maintain the highest standards of hygiene - It is also advisable that Tetanus vaccination is up to date in the event of a severe bite or scratch Husbandry Guidelines: C. -
Conservation Matters: CITES and New Herp Listings
Conservation matters:FEATURE | CITES CITES and new herp listings The red-tailed knobby newt (Tylototriton kweichowensis) now has a higher level of protection under CITES. Photo courtesy Milan Zygmunt/www. shutterstock.com What are the recent CITES listing changes and what do they mean for herp owners? Dr. Thomas E.J. Leuteritz from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service explains. id you know that your pet It is not just live herp may be a species of animals that are protected wildlife? Many covered by CITES, exotic reptiles and but parts and Damphibians are protected under derivatives too, such as crocodile skins CITES, also known as the Convention that feature in the on International Trade in Endangered leather trade. Plants Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. and timber are also Initiated in 1973, CITES is an included. international agreement currently Photo courtesy asharkyu/ signed by 182 countries and the www.shutterstock.com European Union (also known as responsibility of the Secretary of the How does CITES work? Parties), which regulates Interior, who has tasked the U.S. Fish Species protected by CITES are international trade in more than and Wildlife Service (USFWS) as the included in one of three lists, 35,000 wild animal and plant species, lead agency responsible for the referred to as Appendices, according including their parts, products, and Convention’s implementation. You to the degree of protection they derivatives. can help USFWS conserve these need: Appendix I includes species The aim of CITES is to ensure that species by complying with CITES threatened with extinction and international trade in specimens of and other wildlife laws to ensure provides the greatest level of wild animals and plants does not that your activities as a pet owner or protection, including restrictions on threaten their survival in the wild. -
NAME: Land Iguana and Marine Iguana – Both in the Family Iguanidae CLASSIFICATION: Land: Ge- Nus Conolophus; Species (Two) Su
Grab & Go NAME: Land Iguana and Marine Iguana – both in the Family Iguanidae CLASSIFICATION: Land: Ge- nus Conolophus; Species (two) subcristatus and pallidus Marine: Genus Amblyrhynchus; Species cristatus MAIN MESSAGES: The Galapagos are a quintessential example of islands as living laboratories of evolution. ✤ Beginning with Darwin and Wallace, the study of islands has provided insight into how organisms colo- nize new environments and, through successive genera- tions, undergo changes that make their descendants more suited to thrive in the new environment CAS has made research ex- peditions to the Galapagos and has been involved in conservation efforts there for over 100 years. ✤ CAS collections from the Galapagos are the best in the world. Today, the Academy continues its research in the Galapagos and maintains the best collection of Galapagos materials in the world. Scientists at CAS collect plants and animals on research expedi- tions around the world. Their work and Academy collections provide invaluable baseline information about human impacts and change over time. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT: All are inhabitants of the Galapagos Islands. A spiny- tailed Central American Iguana may be ancestral to all three, but the marine species evolved from the terrestrial iguanas and thus is endemic to the Galapagos. Further, it is the only sea-going iguana in the world, and spends its entire life in the intertidal/sub- tidal zones. Although the land iguanas live on several islands, they are mostly seen on Plaza Sur. More widespread, the marine iguanas are seen in the channel between Isa- bella and Fernandina and along the cliffs of Espanola. DESCRIPTION AND DIET: Marine iguanas may range from 2 to 20 lbs, usually with a blackish color. -
Heating and Cooling Rates, Heart Rate and Simulated Diving in the Galapagos Marine Iguana
Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 1965, Vol. 16, pp. 573 to 582. Pergamon Press Ltd. Printed in Great Britain HEATING AND COOLING RATES, HEART RATE AND SIMULATED DIVING IN THE GALAPAGOS MARINE IGUANA GEORGE A. BARTHOLOMEW and ROBERT C. LASIEWSKI Department of Zoology, University of California, Los Angeles (Received 11 May 1965) Abstract--1. During enforced submergences of 30-50min, the animals remained quiet. Bradycardia developed slowly following submergence and con- spicuous arrhythmia appeared. Bradycardia ended almost immediately following the termination of submergence. 2. In both air and water the lizards heated approximately twice as rapidly as they cooled. 3. Heart rate at any given body temperature was much slower during cooling than during heating, suggesting that circulatory adjustments are important in controlling rate of temperature change. 4. Minimum heart rates in air increased with increasing temperature, and at all temperatures the smaller animal had a more rapid heart beat than the larger one. 5. Ecological and comparative aspects of the responses of the marine iguana are discussed. INTRODUCTION FROM the standpoint of behaviour, the Galapagos marine iguana, Arnblyrhynchus cristatus, is among the most remarkable of living lizards, but anatomically it does not differ in any major way from the general pattern shown by other members of the family Iguanidae. Field studies of its daily temperature regimen (Dowling, 1962; Mackay, 1964), and its behavioral thermoregulation and rates of change in temperature (Bartholomew, 1965) have been made, but almost nothing is known about other aspects of its physiology. Marine iguanas undergo prolonged dives and face unusual thermal problems. When on land, their preferred body temperature is near 37°C, but they feed in the sea which has a temperature of 22-27°C. -
Marine Iguanas
Marine Iguanas Where Do They Live? Marine iguanas are native to the Galapagos Islands where they live in colonies on rocky shores. What Do They Eat? Marine iguanas are herbivores. They eat algae and seaweed that grow on the rocks along the coasts of the islands. They usually spend about 10 minutes underwater scraping the algae off of the rocks, but can spend up to 30 minutes under water feeding. Do They Have Adaptations? Marine iguanas have adapted to survive in their habitat. They have short, rounded snouts and razor sharp teeth that make it easy to scrape algae off of the rocks. Flattened tails make marine iguanas excellent swimmers and sharp claws grip rocks easily. The dark color of their skin helps absorb heat. Special glands near the nostrils help marine iguanas “sneeze” out the salt from the water they ingest. The expelled salt clings to their snouts, and looks like a beard or wig. Do They Have Natural Enemies? Animals that were introduced to the Galapagos by explorers and traders prey on marine iguanas. These animals – dogs, cats, rats, and pigs – prey on adult iguanas as well as their eggs. Did You Know… • Marine iguanas are the only reptile on earth that spends time in the sea. • Marine iguanas likely evolved 8 million years ago as a result of land iguanas drifting out to sea from South America, landing on the Galapagos Islands. • The Galapagos Islands are a volcanic archipelago (chain of islands) on the coast of Ecuador. • Marine iguanas are a protected species. The IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) considers the marine iguana vulnerable. -
Assessment of Species Listing Proposals for CITES Cop18
VKM Report 2019: 11 Assessment of species listing proposals for CITES CoP18 Scientific opinion of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment Utkast_dato Scientific opinion of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) 15.03.2019 ISBN: 978-82-8259-327-4 ISSN: 2535-4019 Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) Po 4404 Nydalen N – 0403 Oslo Norway Phone: +47 21 62 28 00 Email: [email protected] vkm.no vkm.no/english Cover photo: Public domain Suggested citation: VKM, Eli. K Rueness, Maria G. Asmyhr, Hugo de Boer, Katrine Eldegard, Anders Endrestøl, Claudia Junge, Paolo Momigliano, Inger E. Måren, Martin Whiting (2019) Assessment of Species listing proposals for CITES CoP18. Opinion of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment, ISBN:978-82-8259-327-4, Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM), Oslo, Norway. VKM Report 2019: 11 Utkast_dato Assessment of species listing proposals for CITES CoP18 Note that this report was finalised and submitted to the Norwegian Environment Agency on March 15, 2019. Any new data or information published after this date has not been included in the species assessments. Authors of the opinion VKM has appointed a project group consisting of four members of the VKM Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), five external experts, and one project leader from the VKM secretariat to answer the request from the Norwegian Environment Agengy. Members of the project group that contributed to the drafting of the opinion (in alphabetical order after chair of the project group): Eli K. -
1 Connor Pierson Dr. William Durham Darwin, Evolution, and Galapagos
Connor Pierson Dr. William Durham Darwin, Evolution, and Galapagos 10/12/09 The Evolutionary Significance of the Pink Iguana Introduction: In 1986, Galapagos park rangers patrolling the remote summit of Volcán Wolf reported a sighting of a Galapagos land iguana with an unusual characteristic: bright pink scales. While many dismissed the anomaly as a skin condition, Dr. Gabriele Gentile from the Tor Vergata University of Rome and his team began searching for the elusive pink iguana in 2005. The next year the team (which included Howard and Heidi Snell) successfully captured, measured, and drew samples from 32 iguanas displaying the unique phenotype. The population was nicknamed, “Rosada,” the Spanish word for pink. The public was introduced to the iguana with the publication of a genetic analysis on January 13, 2009. The results published in this paper suggested that Rosada deserved recognition as a unique species due to its morphological, behavioral, and genetic differences from the two already recognized members of the genus Conolophus. On August 18, 2009 an official description of a new species, Conolophus marthae, was published in the taxonomical journal Zootaxa. While several research papers are pending, the information currently available challenges accepted theory regarding the evolution of the iguana in the Galapagos. The goals of this paper are to: (a.) introduce the reader to a distinctive new species of Galapagos Megafauna; (b.) analyze marthae’s significance in terms of current understanding of Galapagos Iguana evolution; (c.) suggest the probable route of colonization for the new species; and (d.) highlight the need for conservation and further research.1 1 Meet Rosada: Description: Conolophus marthae’s striking coloration, nuchal crest, and communicative signals distinguish the iguana from its genetic relatives, subcristatus, and pallidus. -
Effects of Tourism on Body Size, Growth, Condition, and Demography in the Allen Cays Iguana, Cyclura Cychlura Inornata, on Leaf Cay, the Bahamas
Herpetological Conservation and Biology 11(Monograph 6):214–221. Submitted: 15 September 2014; Accepted: 12 November 2015; Published: 12 June 2016. EFFECTS OF TOURISM ON BODY SIZE, GROWTH, CONDITION, AND DEMOGRAPHY IN THE ALLEN CAYS IGUANA, CYCLURA CYCHLURA INORNATA, ON LEAF CAY, THE BAHAMAS 1,3 2 GEOFFREY R. SMITH AND JOHN B. IVERSON 1Department of Biology, Denison University, Granville, Ohio 43023, USA 2Department of Biology, Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana 47374, USA 3Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Abstract.—The feeding of wildlife by ecotourists has become increasingly popular, but its effects are not well studied. The endangered Allen Cays Iguana is known to occur naturally on only two small cays in the northern Exuma Islands (The Bahamas). One of those cays, Leaf Cay (4 ha) has an easily accessible beach to which up to 150 people converge each day to feed the iguanas. However, iguanas from other parts of the cay rarely ever see an ecotourist. This study investigated the differences in body size, growth, body condition, and demography of the iguanas on opposite sides of Leaf Cay. Iguanas on the human-impacted side of the cay were larger, grew faster, and weighed more (relative to body length), but had similar survival rates as those without human interaction. Capture sex ratios did not differ between sides of the cay and were generally not different from a 1:1 ratio. Although these data might be interpreted as positive impacts of supplemental feeding, when viewed with previously published differences in behavior and blood chemistry, the long-term effects of these feeding activities are of potential concern.