The Bureau of Naval Personnel Career Publication
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*All -HANDS* THE BUREAU OF NAVAL PERSONNEL CAREER PUBLICATION OCTOBER 1968 OCTOBER 1968 Nav-Pers-0 NUMBER 621 VICEADMIRAL CHARLES K. DUNCAN, USN TheChief of Naval Personnel REAR ADMIRAL M. F. WEISNER, USN TheDeputy Chief of Naval Personnel The Bureou of Nav- #ANDs CAPTAINH. W. HALL,JR., USN al PersonnelCareer~~ Publication, is published monthly by the AssistantChief for Morale Services Bureau of Naval Personnel for the infor- motion and interest of the naval service as a whole. Issuance ofthis publication TABLE OF CONTENTS approved in accordance with Department of the Navy Publications and Printing Features Regulations, NAVEXOS P-35. Opinions ex- Way DownYonder in Sealab Ill .......................................................... 2 pressed ore not necessarilythose of the Howto Be an Aquanaut ...................................................................... 4 Navy Departmetft. Reference to regula- tions, orders and directives isfor infor- A Restaurantwith a Different Atmosphere-DownBelow .................... 8 mation only anddoes not by publication TheMen Who Wear the Dolphins .................................................... 10 herein constitute authority for action. All Sight to See-Tugmasterson the Job originol material may be reprinted as de- A .............................................. 12 sired if proper credit is given ALL HANDS. USS Maury: Ocean Map-Maker .......................................................... 14 Original articles and information of gen- Modern-DayMonitors-The Riverine Force ........................................ 16 eral interest maybe forwarded addressed to the Editor,ALL HANDS, Pers G15, Corpsmanon Call: The HM on Independent Duty ............................ 25 BuPers, Navy Department, Washington, Beach GroupOne ................................................................................ 26 D.C. 20370 (see page 64). DISTRIBU- FirstCruise: Midshipmen at Sea ............................................................ TION: By Section 8-3203 of the Bureou of 31 Naval Personnel Manual, the Bureou di- All-Navy Cartoon Contest: Here Comes theJudge .............................. 32 rects that appropriate steps be token to insure distribution onthe basis of one Roundup on Firefighting copy for each 10 officersand enlisted Firefighters Keep It Cool ........................................................................ 20 personnel. The Bureau invites requests for addi- 'Deep Fryer'Fat Fires: Don't UseWater .............................................. 22 tional copiesas necessary to comply with Introducingthe NavalSafety Center .................................................... 23 thebosic directives. Competition Is Strongin This League The Bureau should be kept informed of DC .............................................. 24 changes in thenumber of copies required. Departments The Bureou should also be advised if the full number of copies is not received Lettersto the Editor .............................................................................. 27 regularly. Today's Navy ........................................................................................ 34 Normally copies forNavy activities are distributedonly to thoseon the Standord Bulletin Board NavyDistribution List in theexpectation What a Life! NavyDuty in San Francisco that such activities will make further dis- ............................................ 42 tribution asnecessary; where specialcir- RequirementsEased forPro Pay Personnel .......................................... 46 cumstances warrant sending direct to sub- MeritoriousUnit CommendationPennant-How toMake Your Own .... 47 activities the Bureou should be informed. SAM and PAL Ride Navy's PonyExpress .............................................. 48 Distributionto Marine Corps personnel A Reminderto Absentee Voters .......................................................... 49 is effectedby the Commandant US. Ma- rine Corps. Requests from Marine Activi- Howto Speed MailDelivery ................................................................ 50 ties should be addressed to theCom- Transferof line Officers to Specialty,and Vice Versa ...................... 50 mondont. PERSONALCOPIES: This Up-to-DateReading List for the World-Wise Navyman ........................ 52 magazine isfor sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing All Hands Supplement Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The rate WhatEvery Navyman Should Know AboutRecreational Boating ........ 56 for ALLHANDS is 25 centsper copy; subscription price $2.50 o year,domestic TaffrailTalk .......................................................................................... 64 (including FPO and APO address for Overseas mail);$3.50 foreign. Remittances John A. Oudine, Editor should bemode to the Superintendent of Documents. Subscriptions are accepted for Associate Editors one, twoor three years. G. VernBlasdell, News DonAddor, Layout %t Art AnnHanabury, Research GeraldWolff, Reserve FRONT COVER: TOMORROW'S NAVY-Two bays admireguided missile destroyer USS Robinson(DDG 12) as she moors atpier 39 inSon Francisco. Perhopsthey are dreaming of theday when they might set to sea. AT LEFT: AT THE HELM-Quartermaster Douglas White stands the helmsman wotch aboard the nuclear poweredguided missile cruiser USS Long Beach (CGN 9).-Photo by LT Skiff, USN. CREDIT: Allphotographs published in ALL HANDS Magazine are official Department of Defense photos unless otherwise designated. ings of their neighbors, gathered bi- ologicalsamples and didsome geo- logical work. They also experimentedwith the use of power tools, tested experimen- tal instruments and did heavy work like pouringconcrete. MORE IMPORTANT perhaps, than any of its accomplishments, Sea- lab I pointedout weaknesses to man’s safety in thesea, especially in lifesupport and communications systems. Working from the known to the unknown, the Navy made plans forSealab I1 which was conducted off the California coast near La Jolla at a depth of 205feet. Thistime, three teams each con- sisting of 10 aquanauts lived under- water for 15 days each. Two of the diversserved two tours. One was CDRScott Carpenter who was on leave from NASA and the other was a physician, LT Robert Sonnenburg. WhileSealab I took place in the warm clear waters off Bermuda, Sea- lab I1 was conducted in a dark, cold site. More men took part in the ex- Sealab periment and they lived for longer periods at a greater depth in an en- vironment that wasfar from ideal. The combinationhome-laboratory used during Sealab I1 was larger (57 A WET WORLD-Aquanauts of Sealabs I and II were pioneers in the Navy‘s feetlong and12 feet in diameter) Man-in-the-Sea program to develop improved means to work under the sea. and it was better than its predeces- sors. Heatingcables imbedded in its concrete floor compensated for the high heat loss in the helium-oxygen atmosphere. An anti-shark cage reduced a pos- sibleperil faced during the first Sealab. The cage was placed under- neath the habitat near the entrance. Ratherthan keeping all the habi- tat’s gearinside, provisions were made to stow gas bottles outside. HE SUPPORT facilitiesfor the sec- ondSealab were also more com- plex. Two barges once used for stag- ing Polaris missile pop-up tests were spaced 22 feet apart and connected by acovered structure. The result was U-shapeda vessel equipped withelectric power generators, winches,compressors and a crane. OCTOBER I968 The support ship also had a diver One of the more important of the ready room and,perhaps more im- other jobs was simply breathing. Sea- portant still, it had a10-man deck lab I aquanautshad inhaled an at- decompression chamber. mosphereconsisting of 80 percent An elevator-like personnel capsule helium, four percent oxygen and broughtthe men from the bottom four per centnitrogen. and mated with the 10-man deck de- Thisblend was changed for Sea- compression chamber,making con- lab I1 toa helium contentwhich tinuous decompression possible from varied between 77 and 79 per cent, the time the divers left their habitat. anitrogen content of 18 percent Electrical power and water reach- and an oxygen content of from three edthe undersea dwellingthrough to five per cent. lines from the Scripps Oceanograph- Lithium hydroxide was used to re- ic Institutionpier. Breathing gas, move carbondioxide from the air communications and instrumentation and charcoalremoved odors. lines werereceived through an um- Suchan exotic breathingmixture bilical cable from thesupport ship had some disadvantages. For exam- as well as a line connected to a sec- ple,it distorted sound to the point ondarypower source. that everyone in the habitat sounded Even though more Sealab I1 aqua- like Donald Duck, but it also had a nautsspent more time underwater compensating virtue-it promoted than before, they were, nevertheless, LIKE A FISH-An aquanaut swims healing. busier than their Sealab I predeces- pasthis home beneath the ocean. sors. AT ONE POINT, a scorpion fish The Sealab I1 aquanauts had more valves, repairingpumps andgauges stung Aquanaut Carpenter, housekeeping tasks-not sweeping and testing torque wrenches. There causing his arm to swell several times anddusting, but replacing leaky wereother activities, too. its normal size. The stingprovided How fo Be an Aquanauf- Not just anydiver can be an breathing gas mixturewhich they tionedproperly in relationship to aquanaut.He must also be some- will use, and are trained in the use eachother. thing of a biologist, ecologist, acous- and maintenance of the semiclosed