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Dromius Meridionalis DEJEAN, 1825 Für Nordrhein-Westfalen Sowie Weitere Anmer- Kungen Zur Verbreitung Und Phänologie in Deutsch- Land (Coleoptera: Carabidae)1

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Dromius Meridionalis DEJEAN, 1825 Für Nordrhein-Westfalen Sowie Weitere Anmer- Kungen Zur Verbreitung Und Phänologie in Deutsch- Land (Coleoptera: Carabidae)1 Erstnachweis von Dromius meridionalis DEJEAN, 1825 für Nordrhein-Westfalen sowie weitere Anmer- kungen zur Verbreitung und Phänologie in Deutsch- land (Coleoptera: Carabidae)1 Karsten HANNIG 1 Gewidmet Prof. Gerd Müller-Motzfeld (†) Abstract: First recording of Dromius meridionalis DEJEAN, 1825 for North Rhine-Westphalia and adi- tional notes to distribution and phenology in Germany - For the first time the arboricolous ground beetle Dromius meridionalis Dejean, 1825 is recorded from North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany). Furthermore its distribution and phenology in Germany is presented and discussed. Zusammenfassung Die Baum bewohnende Laufkäferart Dromius me- ridionalis Dejean, 1825 wird erstmals für Nordrhein- Westfalen gemeldet. Weiterhin werden Angaben zur Phänologie gemacht sowie die bislang bekannten Nachweise aus Deutschland zusammengefasst, kar- tografisch dargestellt und diskutiert. 1 Einleitung Die arboricole Laufkäferart Dromius meridionalis De- jean, 1825 (vgl. Abb. 1) ist nach Persohn (2004) von Nordafrika über „ganz Südeuropa (östlich bis zur Balkanhalbinsel, erreicht noch Ungarn) bis zum At- lantik (auch auf den Azoren), über die Iberische Hal- binsel und Frankreich bis Großbritannien” verbreitet. Innerhalb Mitteleuropas ist sie aus den Niederlanden (u.a. Turin 2000, Boeken et al. 2002), Deutschland (vgl. Meybohm 1976), Dänemark (Bangsholt Abb. 1: Dromius meridionalis DEJEAN, 1825 © R. Anderson (mit freund- licher Genehmigung von J. Nunn und R. Anderson vom National Museum of 1983) und der Slowakei (Hurka 1996) gemeldet, Northern Ireland). wobei sie in Deutschland ihre östliche Arealgrenze erreicht (Müller-Motzfeld et al. 2004). bisher vorliegenden Daten aus Deutschland anhand Angaben zur Biologie, Ökologie sowie den Lar- bereits publizierter Angaben sowie umfangreichen valstadien sind u.a. Brakman (1963), Casale et Sammlungsmaterials aus Museen und Privatsamm- al. (1996), Lindroth (1974, 1986), Luff (1993, lungen analysiert. Aus den gewonnenen Resultaten 1998), Müller-Motzfeld (2001) und Turin dieser Untersuchung werden nachfolgend Aussagen (2000) zu entnehmen. zur Gesamtverbreitung (siehe Abbildung 2) und Phä- Neben dem Erstnachweis von D. meridionalis nologie (vgl. Abbildung 3) in Deutschland abgeleitet für das Bundesland Nordrhein-Westfalen werden die und diskutiert. Angewandte Carabidologie 9 (2011): 57–62 ISSN: 2190-7862 (Internet) 2 Material und Methode 1995, Trautner et al. 1997, Köhler & Klaus- nitzer 1998, Turin 2000, Irmler & Gürlich Zur Beurteilung der bundesweiten Verbreitungssi- 2004). Weitere, gezielte Funde ermittelten Hannig tuation erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche sowie ei- & Kerkering (2004) mittels Schmetterlingskö- ne Befragung der Landesbearbeiter aller Regionen der in unterschiedlichen Messtischblättern auf der Deutschlands, von koleopterologischen Fachkollegen Insel Fehmarn (Westermarkelsdorf: MTB 1432; sowie carabidologisch arbeitenden Gutachterbüros. Püttsee: MTB 1532; siehe auch Persohn et al. Zehn Jahre nach dem Erstfund von D. meridi- 2006). Der Verdacht liegt nahe, „dass die Art auf onalis für NRW wurde zwischen Oktober 2010 und Fehmarn wahrscheinlich inzwischen flächendeckend April 2011 die Fundlokalität, eine kanalbegleitende verbreitet ist und durch gezielte Nachsuche weitere Platanenallee, zwecks Bestätigung der Art durch Fundpunkte ermittelt werden könnten“ (Hannig mehrfaches, gezieltes Beködern der Platanen mittels & Kerkering 2004). Diese Vermutung bestätigte Schmetterlingsköder (Rotwein-Zucker-Honig-Rü- sich am 14.12.2009 durch den ersten Festlandfund bensaft-Gemisch angedickt mit Mehl) sowie weiter- aus Schleswig-Holstein in Neukirchen-Ostermade führender Handaufsammlungen untersucht. bei Großenbrode (Kreis Ostholstein; MTB 1632) (1 Aufgrund der Verwechslungsgefahr u.a. mit Expl., leg., det. et coll. Suikat, Suikat in litt.). der nahe stehenden Art Dromius angustus Brullé, Nach Kielhorn et al. (2005) wurde ein Bran- 1834 wurde weiterhin umfangreiches vorwiegend denburger Exemplar von D. meridionalis mit dem nordrhein-westfälisches Sammlungsmaterial sowohl Etikett „Umgeb. Wittenberge, R. Korschefsky“ (det. aus Museums- (Löbbecke Museum und Aquazoo M. Reska 1965; MTB 3036) in der Sammlung des Düsseldorf, LWL-Museum für Naturkunde Münster, Museums für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn, Naturkundemuse- zu Berlin entdeckt (t. D.W. Wrase), das aus der ersten um Bielefeld, Naturmuseum Senckenberg Frankfurt Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts stammt. Kielhorn et a.M.) als auch aus Privatsammlungen einer kritischen al. (2005) schließen weder ein verdriftetes Exemplar Nachkontrolle unterzogen. noch eine sporadische Ausbreitung der Art aus ihrem Da die Baum bewohnende Gattung Dromius in atlantischen Teilareal entlang der Elbe aus. Auf diesen der Regel nicht systematisch mittels Fallenfang erfasst alten Sammlungsbeleg bezieht sich unter anderem wird, konnten im Rahmen der Phänologie-Darstel- auch die im Lebensraumpräferenz-Katalog der Lauf- lung fast ausnahmslos Datensätze mit Tagesangaben käfer Deutschlands aufgeführte Meldung aus dem berücksichtigt werden (vgl. Kapitel 3.3). Nordostdeutschen Tiefland (vgl. Gesellschaft Für angewandte carabidologie 2009), wäh- 3 Ergebnisse und Diskussion rend an gleicher Stelle der Eintrag für das Nord- westdeutsche Tiefland auf einem Übertragungsfehler 3.1 Verbreitung in Deutschland beruht (Gürlich in litt.). Horion (1935, 1941, 1951) waren noch keine Abbildung 2 zeigt die Verbreitung von D. meridi- Meldungen von D. meridionalis aus Deutschland onalis in Deutschland. bekannt; aufgrund der Verbreitung postulierte er In der Roten Liste der in Schleswig-Holstein ge- jedoch, die Art „dürfte aber in Nordwestdeutschl. fährdeten Käferarten wird D. meridionalis als „vom zu finden sein“. Nachdem auch Sieg (1971) noch- Aussterben bedroht“ geführt (Ziegler et al. 1994), mals die Erwartungshaltung zu einem Vorkommen während die Art bundesweit in die Kategorie „R“ dieser Art in Norddeutschland äußerte, erfolgte die (extrem seltene Art) eingestuft wurde, wobei damit deutsche Erstmeldung durch Meybohm (1976) aus dem aus biogeographischen Gründen sehr kleinen Schleswig-Holstein von der Insel Fehmarn (Steilküste Vorkommensareal Rechnung getragen wird (Traut- am Staberhuk, MTB 1533). D. meridionalis konn- ner et al. 1997). te dort auch in den Folgejahren bzw. -jahrzehnten durch verschiedene Koleopterologen bestätigt wer- 3.2 Erstnachweis für Nordrhein-Westfa- den (Burgarth , Gürlich, Ziegler in litt., eigene Auf- len sammlungen; letzte Nachweise 2009). Die seit über 30 Jahren von dem genannten Fundort bekannte Der Erstnachweis von D. meridionalis gelang schon arboricole Art fand Eingang in diverse Standardwerke am 31.01.2001 am Schiffshebewerk bei Waltrop- (Lohse 1982, Trautner & Müller-Motzfeld Oberwiese (MTB 4309; Kreis Recklinghausen), wo 58 Angewandte Carabidologie 9 (2011) Abb. 2: Verbreitung von Dromius meridionalis Dejean, 1825 in Deutschland (Entwurf: M.-A. Fritze). die Art in einem Exemplar an einer Platanenallee (vgl. auch Brakman 1963) entlang des Dortmund-Ems-Kanals gefangen wurde (leg., det. et coll. Hannig). Begleitarten waren Dromius qua- drimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Dromius angustus Brullé, 1834 und Calodromius spilotus (Il- liger, 1798). Eine Nachsuche zwischen Oktober 2010 und April 2011 zwecks Bestätigung durch mehr- faches, gezieltes Beködern der Platanen mittels Schmetterlings- köder (Rotwein-Zucker-Honig- Rübensaft-Gemisch angedickt mit Mehl) sowie mittels weiter- führender Handaufsammlungen verlief jedoch bisher erfolglos. Neben den schon aufgeführten drei häufigeren Dromius-Arten D. quadrimaculatus, D. angustus und C. spilotus konnten jedoch noch Limodromus assimilis (Pay- kull, 1790), Paradromius linea- ris (Olivier, 1795) sowie zwei Exemplare (15.01.2011) der in Ausbreitung befindlichen Laufkä- ferart Leistus fulvibarbis Dejean, 1826 nachgewiesen werden (siehe auch Hannig 2010). 3.3 Phänologie jahrsfortpflanzer, während Luff (1998) und Lind- Durch die spezielle arboricole Lebensweise von D. roth (1985; „mainly in June“) postulieren, dass die meridionalis ist eine standardisierte Erfassung schwie- makroptere Art im Sommer reproduziert. rig, was für die Darstellung der Phänologie jedoch Die eigenen vorliegenden Daten mit Imaginalfun- von Vorteil ist, da fast alle (128 von 130 Expl. !) aus den von Oktober bis Februar (siehe Abb. 3) legen eine Deutschland bekannt gewordenen Individuen dank Imaginal-Überwinterung nahe, wie dies auch Turin der Handaufsammlungs-Methode taggenau datiert (2000) angibt. werden konnten. Die der Auswertung zugrunde liegenden, deut- 4 Fazit schen Exemplare verteilen sich ganzjährig mit einem Schwerpunkt im Sommerhalbjahr (April bis Septem- Abschließend lässt sich festhalten, dass D. meridi- ber; vgl. Abb. 3); wobei das Maximum im April liegt. onalis auf der Insel Fehmarn in Schleswig-Holstein Nach Boeken et al. (2002) sowie Turin (2000) seit der Entdeckung im Jahre 1976 durch Meybohm handelt es sich bei D. meridionalis um einen Früh- (1976) weiterhin als etabliert betrachtet werden kann Angewandte Carabidologie 9 (2011) 59 35 Abb. 3: Phänologie von Dromius meridionalis Dejean, 1825 nach Meldungen aus Deutschland ) 30 (Bearbeitungsstand: Januar 2011). 128 = 25 n ( n e 20 u d i v i 15 d n I l 10 h a z n 5 A 0 . l i i i . b z ri a l t. t. v z an r p un u k o J ä M J J ug ep e Fe M A A S O N D und inzwischen dort auch vom Festland bekannt ist. Danksagung Wie der alte Nachweis aus Brandenburg und die ak- tuelle Meldung aus Nordrhein-Westfalen zu bewerten Für die Bereitstellung von Belegmaterial,
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