Swamp White Oak ��Quercus Bicolor

Swamp White Oak Quercus bicolor Mature Native Range General Attributes Plant Community Type Deciduous Tree Sun Full Sun, Partial Sun Height 35 - 70 Feet Orientation North, South, East, West Spread 25 - 50 Feet Soil Texture Loam to Clay Form Rounded Topography Upland, Lowland (Flood Prone), Utility Lines Incompatible Lowland (Stable Water) Growth Rate Medium Plant Community Forest, Wooded Swamp Life Expectancy Medium Succession Pioneer, Intermediate USDA Zone 4 - 8 Origin MSA Zone 1, MSA Zone 2, MSA Zone 4, MSA Zone 6, Root Pattern Deep Lateral Minnesota, North America Flowers/Foliage/Fruits Soils Flower Color Yellow Salt Spray Tolerance Moderate Flower Season Spring Soil Salt Tolerance Fruit Nut Compaction Tolerance Tolerant Fruit Color Light Brown Water Table 24 Inches Fruit Season Fall Drainage Poor, Moderate Flood Tolerance Summer Texture Medium Drought Tolerance Tolerant Winter Texture Medium Moisture Regime Dry, Moist, Wet Spring Foliage Green pH 6.0 through 7.5 Summer Foliage Green Windbreak Group Fall Foliage Yellow Winter Foliage Not Applicable 1 Swamp White Oak Quercus bicolor Planting Ease Maintenance Spring Bareroot Easy Formal Moderate Fall Bareroot Informal Low Spring Container Easy 2,4-D Tolerance Sensitive Fall Container Easy Dicamba Tolerance Sensitive Picloram Tolerance Sensitive Spring Seed Clopyralid Tolerance Fall Seed Artificial Light Sulfur Dioxide Ozone Tolerance Hydrogen Flouride Nitrogen Oxide Tolerant Pests/Problems Miscellaneous Allergens males 8, females 8 Wildlife Rating High Invasiveness Non-Invasive Insect Concerns Minor Toxicity Disease Concern Minor Cold Injury Moderately Susceptible Wildlife Concerns Storm Damage Not Susceptible Biological Control Mechanical Control Chemical Control Comments Good transplant success because of less developed taproot. Good boulevard or shade tree. Requires acid soil or iron chlorosis is observed. Bare root plants require sweating; not recommended for fall planting. Bark Fall 2 Swamp White Oak Quercus bicolor Flower Immature Leaf 3.

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Department of Planning and Zoning
Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only
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Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids
Diversity of Wisconsin Rosids . oaks, birches, evening primroses . a major group of the woody plants (trees/shrubs) present at your sites The Wind Pollinated Trees • Alternate leaved tree families • Wind pollinated with ament/catkin inflorescences • Nut fruits = 1 seeded, unilocular, indehiscent (example - acorn) *Juglandaceae - walnut family Well known family containing walnuts, hickories, and pecans Only 7 genera and ca. 50 species worldwide, with only 2 genera and 4 species in Wisconsin Carya ovata Juglans cinera shagbark hickory Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Leaves pinnately compound, alternate (walnuts have smallest leaflets at tip) Leaves often aromatic from resinous peltate glands; allelopathic to other plants Carya ovata Juglans cinera shagbark hickory Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family The chambered pith in center of young stems in Juglans (walnuts) separates it from un- chambered pith in Carya (hickories) Juglans regia English walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Trees are monoecious Wind pollinated Female flower Male inflorescence Juglans nigra Black walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Male flowers apetalous and arranged in pendulous (drooping) catkins or aments on last year’s woody growth Calyx small; each flower with a bract CA 3-6 CO 0 A 3-∞ G 0 Juglans cinera Butternut, white walnut *Juglandaceae - walnut family Female flowers apetalous and terminal Calyx cup-shaped and persistant; 2 stigma feathery; bracted CA (4) CO 0 A 0 G (2-3) Juglans cinera Juglans nigra Butternut, white
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Native Plant List Trees.XLS
Lower Makefield Township Native Plant List* TREES LIGHT MOISTURE TYPE BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME STREET SUN PART SHADE DRY MOIST WET TREE SHADE EVERGREEN Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic White Cedar x x x x IIex opaca American Holly x x x x Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar x x x Picea glauca White Spruce x x x Picea pungens Blue Spruce x x x Pinus echinata Shortleaf Pine x x x Pinus resinosa Red Pine x x x Pinus rigida Pitch Pine x x Pinus strobus White Pine x x x Pinus virginiana Virginia Pine x x x Thuja occidentalis Eastern Arborvitae x x x x Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock xx x DECIDUOUS Acer rubrum Red Maple x x x x x x Acer saccharinum Silver Maple x x x x Acer saccharum Sugar Maple x x x x Asimina triloba Paw-Paw x x Betula lenta Sweet Birch x x x x Betula nigra River Birch x x x x Betula populifolia Gray Birch x x x x x Carpinus caroliniana American Hornbeam x x x (C. tomentosa) Carya alba Mockernut Hickory x x x x Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory x x x Carya glabra Pignut Hickory x x x x x Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory x x Castanea pumila Allegheny Chinkapin xx x Celtis occidentalis Hackberry x x x x x x Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Hawthorn x x x x Crataegus viridis Green Hawthorn x x x x Diospyros virginiana Common Persimmon x x x x Fagus grandifolia American Beech x x x x PAGE 1 Exhibit 1 TREES (cont'd) LIGHT MOISTURE TYPE BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME STREET SUN PART SHADE DRY MOIST WET TREE SHADE DECIDUOUS (cont'd) Fraxinus americana White Ash x x x x Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green Ash x x x x x Gleditsia triacanthos v.
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An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the North American Oaks
Article An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the North American Oaks (Quercus Subgenus Quercus): Review of the Contribution of Phylogenomic Data to Biogeography and Species Diversity Paul S. Manos 1,* and Andrew L. Hipp 2 1 Department of Biology, Duke University, 330 Bio Sci Bldg, Durham, NC 27708, USA 2 The Morton Arboretum, Center for Tree Science, 4100 Illinois 53, Lisle, IL 60532, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The oak flora of North America north of Mexico is both phylogenetically diverse and species-rich, including 92 species placed in five sections of subgenus Quercus, the oak clade centered on the Americas. Despite phylogenetic and taxonomic progress on the genus over the past 45 years, classification of species at the subsectional level remains unchanged since the early treatments by WL Trelease, AA Camus, and CH Muller. In recent work, we used a RAD-seq based phylogeny including 250 species sampled from throughout the Americas and Eurasia to reconstruct the timing and biogeography of the North American oak radiation. This work demonstrates that the North American oak flora comprises mostly regional species radiations with limited phylogenetic affinities to Mexican clades, and two sister group connections to Eurasia. Using this framework, we describe the regional patterns of oak diversity within North America and formally classify 62 species into nine major North American subsections within sections Lobatae (the red oaks) and Quercus (the Citation: Manos, P.S.; Hipp, A.L. An Quercus Updated Infrageneric Classification white oaks), the two largest sections of subgenus . We also distill emerging evolutionary and of the North American Oaks (Quercus biogeographic patterns based on the impact of phylogenomic data on the systematics of multiple Subgenus Quercus): Review of the species complexes and instances of hybridization.
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Quercus Bicolor Swamp White Oak - (Kwer-Cuss Bi-Cul-Er)
LARGE DECIDUOUS TREES Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak - (kwerЈ-cuss biЈ-cul-er) ZONES: LEAF COLOR: Dark green in summer; copper to yellow-bronze or reddish in fall. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 SHOWY. HEIGHT: LEAF DESCRIPTION: SIMPLE, 4 to 6 long and 1 1/2 to 4 wide, distinctly obo- 40 to 60 vate in outline, crenate to dentate, usually shallowly lobed. Whitish pubescence be- neath. ALTERNATE arrangement. WIDTH: FLOWER DESCRIPTION: Monoecious, male in pendulous catkins clustered on 40 to 60 previous years growth, female flowers solitary in clusters in leaf axils of new leaves. FRUIT: Brownish. NOT SHOWY. NOT ORNAMENTAL. Acorn, usually 1 long, ovoid, EXPOSURE/CULTURE: Adaptable to soil textures, but requires acidic, usually or- light brown, covered by cup, ganic, soil that is moist to wet. Native to bottom lands and stream banks (swampy appearing in pairs. environment). Infrequent, but widely distributed. TEXTURE: PEST PROBLEMS: None serious. Coarse BARK/STEMS: Young stems reddish-brown and strong; older bark is dark gray- brown with very deep vertical fissures and ragged, partially exfoliating to reveal GROWTH RATE: lighter inner bark. Moderate. Long lived. SELECTED CULTIVARS: No cultivars. HABIT: SIMILAR SPECIES: Q. prinus - Chestnut Oak. Has similar, but larger leaves, Upright in youth; maturing to larger acorns. It grows in rocky uplands or mountain slopes. Does well on dry broad, rounded crown, strong soils. Q. michauxii - Swamp Chestnut Oak. Very similar to Q. prinus, but growing horizontal branching. in similar areas as Q. bicolor. FAMILY: LANDSCAPE NOTES: Swamp White Oak is a beautiful shade tree. It is faster grow- Fagaceae ing than Q.
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Quercus Bicolor Wild
Quercus bicolor Wild. Swamp White Oak Fagaceae Beech family Robert Rogers Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor) is a medium- Habitat sized tree of the north central and northeastern mixed forests. It is found in lowlands, along edges of Native Range streams, and in swamps subject to flooding. It is rapid growing and long lived, reaching 300 to 350 years. The hard strong wood is commercially valu- Swamp white oak, a lowland tree (figs. 1,2), grows able and is usually cut and sold as white oak. Many from southwestern Maine west to New York, kinds of wildlife eat the acorns, particularly ducks. southern Quebec, and southern Ontario, to central Michigan, northern Wisconsin, and southeastern Figure l-The native range of swamp white oak. The author is Mensurationist and Professor of Forestry at the University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point. 614 Quercus bicolor as evidenced by high water tables and the presence of glei subsurface layers, or both; organic soils rang- ing from mucks (well decomposed) to peats (poorly decomposed) in which high water levels have favored organic accumulation; or alluvial soils underlain by a glei layer. These kinds of soils are associated with lands that are periodically inundated, such as broad stream valleys, low-lying fields, and the margins of lakes, ponds, or sloughs. Swamp white oak is not found where flooding is permanent (2,4,5,6,8). In general, the soils on which this oak most commonly is found are in the orders Entisols and Inceptisols. Associated Forest Cover Swamp white oak is a consistent though mostly a minor component of hydromesophytic forest com- munities in which other species usually dominate.
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Approved Plant List (PDF)
Harford County Approved Plant List April 2019 The Harford County Approved Plant list includes: Permitted tree and plant species for afforestation and reforestation, Permitted street tree species, and Permitted tree and plant species for individual landscaping Please note that not all of the plants on this list are native Maryland species, and therefore not all of the plant species on this list can be used to meet mitigation requirements within the Chesapeake Bay Critical Area. Please refer to the Native Plants list from US Fish and Wildlife, on Harford County’s website, for a comprehensive list of appropriate native plant species to use in the Critical Area. Harford County Approved Plant List April 2019 Plant Species Permitted for Afforestation and Reforestation Trees Scientific Name Common Name Acer negundo Boxelder Acer rubrum Red maple Acer saccharum Sugar maple Acer saccharinum Silver Maple Amelanchier canadensis Shadbush serviceberry Betula lenta Black or Sweet Gum Betula nigra River birch Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam Carya cordiformis Bitternut hickory Carya glabra Pignut hickory Carya ovata Shagbark hickory Carya tomentosa Mockernut hickory Catalpa speciosa Northern catalpa Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry Cercis canadensis Eastern redbud Cornus florida Flowering dogwood Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur hawthorn Crataegus pruinosa Frosted hawthorn Crataegus punctata Dotted hawthorn Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon Fagus grandifolia American beech Hamamelis virginiana Common witchhazel Juglans cinerea Butternut
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Oaks for the Adelaide Plains: Successful Species in the Waite Arboretum
Treenet Proceedings of the 4 th National Street Tree Symposium: 4 th and 5 th September 2003 ISBN 0-9775084-3-9 Treenet Inc OAKS FOR THE ADELAIDE PLAINS: SUCCESSFUL SPECIES IN THE WAITE ARBORETUM Jennifer Gardner , Waite Arboretum, University of Adelaide, South Australia Abstract The University of Adelaide’s Waite Arboretum is a valuable experimental collection. Species of oaks performing well there under natural rainfall of 625 mm are reported. Most successful are the species from the Mediterranean region, California and Mexico. Many of these oaks have potential for street or amenity planting. Introduction Oaks belong to Quercus, one of eight genera in the family Fagaceae that occurs primarily in temperate Northern Hemisphere. The family also includes sweet chestnuts Castanea (8 spp.), Trigonobalanus (3 spp.), beeches Fagus (10 spp.), Chrysolepis (2 spp.) and two tropical genera Castanopsis (134 spp.) and Lithocarpus (325 spp.) (Govaerts & Frodin, 1998). In Australia the family is represented by the Gondwanan genus Nothofagus (34 spp.) which considered to be in a separate family by Hill & Jordan (1993). Of the 531 species of oaks, about 250 occur in the Americas, 125 in Asia and Malesia and the rest in Europe, N. Africa and Macaronesia (Govaerts & Frodin, 1998). Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico and East and Southeastern Asia are rich in species. The infrageneric taxonomy of oaks is in a state of flux and various schemes exist. Oaks are widely cultivated, and widespread hybridisation and high variability make the delimitation of some species contentious. The Waite Arboretum The Waite Arboretum is nestled in the foothills of Adelaide, South Australia , 34 o58’S 138 o 38’E at an altitude of 100 – 110m.
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Common Oaks of the Chicago Region 1 the Field Museum – Division of Environment, Culture, and Conservation
Quercus of the Chicago Region, USA Common Oaks of the Chicago Region 1 The Field Museum – Division of Environment, Culture, and Conservation Produced by: Kathryn Stiver Corio and Rebecca Schillo, The Field Museum [http://fieldmuseum.org/explore/department/ecco] Images © Kathryn Corio, Ms, Botanist, Cofrin Center for Biodiversity, Green Bay, WI and John Balaban, The Field Museum © Environment, Culture, and Conservation, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA [http://www.fmnh.org/IDtools] [[email protected]] version 1 10/2012 GROUP 1: Unlobed to shallowly- lobed leaves 1 Quercus bicolor Key Characters: 1) Upper leaf surface dark green; underside whitish and covered in short soft hairs 2) Acorn borne on long fuzzy Swamp White Oak stalks 3) Frequent in moist woodlands and floodplains 4) Distinguished from white and bur oaks by its shallow leaf lobes. 2 Quercus imbricaria Key Characters: 1) Oblong leaves with smooth edges 2) Acorn nearly globular 3) Locally common in dry woodlands. Shingle Oak 3 Quercus muhlenbergii Key Characters: 1) Leaves long, slender, coarsely toothed 2) 9 to 13 teeth on each side 3) Occasionally found on rocky, wooded Chinquapin Oak slopes. GROUP 2: Lobed leaves with pointed bristle tips 4 Quercus velutina Key Characters: 1) Upperside of the leaf shiny, underside scurfy and hairy 2) Inner bark yellow-orange, very bitter 3) Common Black Oak in dry, sandy, upland terrain. Quercus of the Chicago Region, USA Common Oaks of the Chicago Region 2 The Field Museum – Division of Environment, Culture, and Conservation Produced by: Kathryn Stiver Corio and Rebecca Schillo, The Field Museum [http://fieldmuseum.org/explore/department/ecco] Images © Kathryn Corio, Ms, Botanist, Cofrin Center for Biodiversity, Green Bay, WI and John Balaban, The Field Museum © Environment, Culture, and Conservation, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA [http://www.fmnh.org/IDtools] [[email protected]] version 1 10/2012 GROUP 2 cont.
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Quercus Bicolor
Quercus bicolor - Swamp White Oak (Fagaceae) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quercus bicolor is a large, rounded shade tree noted Twigs for its bicolored foliage in the breeze, ornamental -yellowish-brown in youth, turning to brown-gray bark and bold texture in winter, and adaptability to with maturity, usually stout wet or dry sites. FEATURES Form Trunk -large shade tree -young trunks and branches are gray-brown and -maturing at about 60' tall x shredding to lightly exfoliating, but quickly mature to 60' wide under urban overlapping long vertical scales that flare outward conditions, but larger in the along one exposed side, on the upper trunk and the wild undersides of large limbs -upright oval growth habit in -mature lower trunks are either scaly, or heavily youth, becoming very rounded ridged and furrowed to slightly spreading with age -the prominently flared bark of this species (and -medium growth rate many other members of the White Oak group) contribute greatly to its overall bold texture in winter Culture -full sun to partial sun (partial shade tolerance in USAGE youth) Function -performs best in full sun in moist to wet, deep, -shade tree for large lawns, golf courses, parks, or acidic soils, but is very adaptable to dry soils, and is naturalized areas, including areas that are dry, wet, or somewhat adaptable to soils of alkaline pH normally dry areas that are occasionally flooded -propagated by seeds -valuable -no serious diseases or pests, although cosmetic timber tree, blemishes
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Approved Plant List
Approved Plant List Facts to Know INTRODUCTION: The Approved Tree and Plant List has been complied by highly-qualified experts in the field of horticulture and High Plains native plants, and it includes hundreds of species of plants and trees that are suited to the city’s environment. The list is to be used by property owners, developers, and the city as a standard for selecting native and adapted plant species to minimize maintenance costs, conserve water, and improve longevity. The following pages contain city-approved street tree species, prohibited species, and information regarding invasive species. This information should be used when preparing or updating a landscape plan. If you have any specific questions about this document, please contact the Community Development Department at 303-289-3683. Emerald Ash Borer Please be advised that Ash Borer (Pdodsesia syringae Harris) infestation concerns have been raised by the U.S. Forest Service and by Colorado State University for Ash trees along the Front Range and within Commerce City. The Ash Borer is an exotic insect from Asia that has been found feeding on Ash trees in the area. This insect feeds on all Ash species and can kill trees in one to three years. Therefore, in 2010 Commerce City’s Planning and Parks Planning Divisions issued a temporary, but indefinite, restriction on the use of Ash trees for developments within the city. The city’s policy regarding Ash trees is as follows: 1. Ash trees will not be approved for use in: • Any tree lawn or other right-of-way plantings that are associated with Site Plans, Development Plans, or Improvement Plans.
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Field Performance of Quercus Bicolor Established As Repeatedly Air-Root-Pruned Container and Bareroot Planting Stock
Open Journal of Forestry, 2016, 6, 163-176 Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojf http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojf.2016.63014 Field Performance of Quercus bicolor Established as Repeatedly Air-Root-Pruned Container and Bareroot Planting Stock J. W. Van Sambeek1*, Larry D. Godsey2, William D. Walter3, Harold E. Garrett4, John P. Dwyer5 1Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA 2Missouri Valley College, Marshall, MO, USA; formerly Center for Agroforestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA 3College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA 4Center for Agroforestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA 5Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA Received 27 April 2016; accepted 29 May 2016; published 2 June 2016 Copyright © 2016 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Benefits of repeated air-root-pruning of seedlings when stepping up to progressively larger con- tainers include excellent lateral root distribution immediately below the root collar and an excep- tionally fibrous root ball. To evaluate long-term field performance of repeatedly air-root-pruned container stock, three plantings of swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor Willd.) 10 to 13 years old were located that also included bareroot planting stock. Initial and final stem diameter and height and above-ground green weights were determined on randomly selected trees at each site. On a site with a sandy, excessively drained, high pH soil, trees (age 10) from container stock were 1.5 times taller, 2.3 times larger in dbh, and 2.8 times greater in green weight than trees from bareroot stock which averaged only 2.9 m tall, 3.9 cm dbh, and 16.3 kg green weight.
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Swamp White Oak Quercus Bicolor