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Shaná Tová Umetuká AÑO 15 / Nº 53 / TISHREI 5775 / INVIERNO 2014 CONTACTO SHANÁ TOVÁ UMETUKÁ 5775 SUPLEMENTO: FOLLETOS DE TISHREI Y VELAS DE SHABAT Destaque EDITORIAL RESPONDIÉNDOLE A MARK TWAIN 4 -Rabino Eliezer Shemtov NUESTRA TAPA Una cadena es tan fuerte como el CARTA DEL REBE eslabón más débil que tiene. LA PROTECCIÓN DE LA MEZUZÁ 8 Nuestra responsabilidad es asegurar que nuestros hijos tengan una EL REBE educación adecuada como para que EL TRABAJO DEL REBE 10 sepan y quieran ser ser eslabones -Yanki Tauber fuertes. El secreto de la supervivencia del TESTIMONIO pueblo judío no está tanto en la importancia que damos a nuestros CAMPAMENTO DE REFUGIADOS 12 ancestros sino en la valoración -Dovid Margolin que tenemos por nuestros descendientes. ISRAEL ¡Am Israel Jai! HISTORIAS SOLIDARIAS 18 -Tzvi Freeman DE NUESTRA HISTORIA EL GALLO QUE NO CACAREÓ 24 -Nissan Mindel Publicación de Beit Jabad Uruguay Obligado 1387 JÓVENES 28 11300, Montevideo-Uruguay 15 pensamientos que los Telefax: (+598) 2709 34 44 E-mail: [email protected] adolescentes quisieran compartir con sus padres Director: Rabino Eliezer Shemtov -Nomi Freeman Diseño editorial: Daniel Laizerovitz Traducciones: Marcos Jerouchalmi JABAD POR EL MUNDO 32 Impresión: Meralir S.A. (Empresa Gráfica HISTORIAS Mosca). Guayabo 1672 Depósito legal: 342.133 DIAMANTES Y PESCADOS 38 Agradecemos a www.chabad.org por -Yanki Tauber habernos autorizado a reproducir varios de los artículos publicados en este número. ENSEÑANZAS Si sabe de alguien que quiera conocer la MI “PETACAS” 40 revista Kesher y no la recibe, o si usted -Rabino Mendy Shemtov cambió de dirección, le rogamos que nos lo haga saber de inmediato al PERSPECTIVAS Tel.: 2709 34 44 o al celular: 096 105050 ES CUESTIÓN DE PERSPECTIVA 42 -Rabino Eliezer Shemtov Los artículos de opinión y la kashrut de los avisadores son responsabilidad de quienes COMUNICACIÓN los firman y no necesariamente coinciden con la posición de Beit Jabad Uruguay. MI SEMANA SIN CELULAR 45 -Blumie Abend . EDITORIAL Respondiéndole a Mark Twain 4Por Rabino Eliezer Shemtov / Director de Beit Jabad Uruguay erseguidos y dispersos durante milenios, mucho ruido pero también desaparecieron. seguimos existiendo; pocos, pero segui- Otros pueblos han crecido y mantenido su mos. ¿Cuál es el secreto de nuestra supervi- antorcha prendida en alto por algún tiem- vencia como pueblo? po, pero finalmente se les apagó y ahora se encuentran en el crepúsculo o ya no El autor norteamericano Mark Twain1 lo P existen. El judío los vio a todos y les ganó expresó muy elocuentemente a fines del a todos. Es ahora lo que siempre fue, no siglo XIX: ha mostrado decadencia ni envejecimien- “Si las estadísticas son correctas, los ju- to, ningún debilitamiento de sus partes, díos constituyen el uno por ciento de la raza ningún enlentecimiento de sus energías, humana. Es como una nebulosa partícula ningún desafilamiento de su mente alerta de polvo dentro del polvo estelar perdido y agresiva. Todo es mortal excepto el judío; en la grandeza de la Vía Láctea. Realmente todas las demás fuerzas pasan, pero él no debería escucharse casi nada acerca del perdura. judío, sin embargo, se oye acerca de él, y “¿Cuál es el secreto de su inmortali- siempre se ha oído. Es tan prominente en dad?” el planeta como cualquier otro pueblo, y su 2 importancia comercial está extremadamente En la lectura bíblica de Balak , encontra- fuera de proporción en relación a su peque- mos una pista para poder responderle al Sr. ñísimo tamaño. Clemens. “Sus contribuciones a la lista de grandes Balak, rey de Moav, vio que los judíos nombres en el mundo en literatura, ciencia, estaban acercándose a su territorio en arte, música, finanzas, medicina y el apren- camino a conquistar la Tierra de Cannan. dizaje abstruso están también fuera de Tuvo miedo que lo destruyeran tal como proporción en relación a la debilidad de sus hicieron con los reyes vecinos Og y Sijón y números. Ha peleado de una manera excep- sus pueblos. cional en el mundo, en todas las épocas; y Mandó buscar al hechicero Bilam, lo ha hecho siempre con las manos atadas reconocido por el nivel de su profecía y el detrás de su espalda. Podría ser vanidoso y poder de las palabras que salieran de su ser excusado por ello. boca. “Los imperios Egipcios, Babilonios y El final de la historia es que en lugar de Persas, crecieron, llenaron el planeta con so- maldecir al pueblo judío, los bendice. Las nido y esplendor, y después desaparecieron palabras de Bilam contienen bendiciones del como parte de un sueño. Después apare- más alto nivel, algunas de las cuales fueron cieron los Griegos y los Romanos e hicieron incorporadas en nuestras plegarias diarias, 1 Concerning the Jews, Harper’s Magazine, Marzo, 1898 2 Números, 22:2–25:9 (Continúa en la pág. 6) 4 como también profecías que hablan de la manera de disminuir su valor. Siendo que historia del pueblo judío, su pasado, pre- es invisible, y su existencia no se define sente y futuro hasta el final de los tiempos. por el espacio que ocupa, es más bien una Veamos algunas de sus perlas: existencia conceptual, existirá aunque el círculo deje de existir. “Veo que [su fuerza] desde sus comien- zos son [como] montañas y colinas; es una Tal como en el ejemplo, el valor del nación que vive sola, y no es considerada pueblo judío no está en el espacio que ocu- entre las naciones.3” pa, sino en su adhesión a su rol y función cósmicos: ser la consciencia e inspiración El comentarista bíblico Rashi trae la ex- para las naciones. plicación que los “comienzos” se refieren a nuestros patriarcas Avraham, Isaac y Jacob Tuve la oportunidad últimamente de co- y a nuestras matriarcas, Sará, Rivká, Rajel nocer diferentes lugares de nuestro pasado y Lea. Es gracias a lo que heredamos de e historia.¿Qué sentido tiene viajar hacia ellos que tenemos la fuerza inamovible de el pasado, más allá de satisfacer la curio- “montañas” y “colinas”. sidad? ¿Qué relación tiene mi historia de ¿Qué es lo que heredamos de nuestros hace siglos o milenios conmigo hoy en día? patriarcas y matriarcas que nos hace tan Creo que aquí también se aplica la invencibles? respuesta multi-uso: Depende. Cuando uno Fuerza “no convencional” se encuentra con su pasado puede estar enfrentando algo que no tiene mucho que Las enseñanzas jasídicas dan la siguien- ver con él en la actualidad o puede estar te respuesta: Heredamos de nuestros pa- encontrándose con algo que tiene mucho triarcas y matriarcas la capacidad de lograr que ver con él: su propia esencia atemporal una abnegación personal y subyugación en su estado más original. En otras pala- total hacia D-os. bras, no se trata meramente de encontrar- Veamos de qué se trata ese tipo de se con sus antepasados, sino con aquello energía. que lo conecta con ellos y que trasciende el Para empezar, es un tipo de fuerza no efecto del tiempo. convencional. Digo “no convencional” Así que podríamos responderle al Sr. porque la fuerza “convencional” es resul- Clemens que el secreto de la supervivencia tado de grandeza y cualidades personales; del pueblo judío se basa en la naturaleza cuanto más grande o más inteligente, tan- de su identidad y su adhesión a esa razón to más fuerte. Esa clase de fuerza es una de ser. No es un pueblo más; es un pueblo fuerza relativa, ya que triunfa hasta que distinto. Su fuerza no radica en la fuerza venga uno que que sea más grande o más física o la astucia sino en su sacrificio por inteligente y tenga más fuerza. La fuerza su misión cósmica: reflejar y promover la judía inquebrantable, en cambio, viene de voluntad Divina en el plano terrenal. su “pequeñez”, de su capacidad y disposi- Con deseos por paz y seguridad en ción de sacrificarse por un valor más allá de Israel y en el mundo. lo que le conviene. ¡Shaná Tová!3 Quizás podríamos ilustrar este concepto con el siguiente ejemplo: Imaginémonos un círculo y el punto del centro. El valor del círculo depende de su tamaño; cuanto más grande, más vale. Si llegase a achicar, perdería valor. En cuan- to al punto del centro, empero, no hay 3 Números, 23:9 6 7 La protección CARTA DEL REBE de la Mezuzá 4Por Rabí Menachem Mendel Schneerson, el Rebe de Lubavitch, que su mérito nos proteja Por la Gracia de D-os to físico, es decir, saber las formas correctas Rosh Jódesh Elul, 5736 y medios que tienen que emprenderse en el Brooklyn, Nueva York orden natural de las cosas, y para tener éxito completo en esos aspectos, de acuerdo a la promesa Divina, “D-os, tu D-os, te bendecirá A las madres e hijas judías en todas partes en todo lo que hagas”, para estar protegido D-os las bendiga. y seguro de enemigos, y estar a salvo de cualquier suceso indeseable, D-os libre. Saludos y bendición: Los eventos arriba mencionados nos re- A la luz de los recientes eventos, el secues- cuerdan a todos de nuestros hermanos judíos tro y salvación de los rehenes en Uganda; y en general, y a las mujeres e hijas judías en el subsecuente intento de los terroristas de particular, dado que toda mujer judía casada perpetrar una cruenta represalia, D-os libre, es llamada Akéret Habait, “Fundación del en Kushta (Estambul), Hogar”, y aquellas aun no casadas van a ser Debe entenderse que esos eventos son Akéret Habait, para lo que deben prepararse una indicación que los judíos deben, lo antes desde temprana edad, lo siguiente: posible, fortalecer todos los aspectos de su La situación presente llama a la protec- seguridad y defensa, primero y ante todo en ción de todo hogar judío.
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