Tobacco Consumption in Grams Per Capita (Age 15+)
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Other Tobacco Products (OTP) Are Products Including Smokeless and “Non-Cigarette” Materials
Other tobacco products (OTP) are products including smokeless and “non-cigarette” materials. For more information on smoking and how to quit using tobacco products, check out our page on tobacco. A tobacco user may actually absorb more nicotine from chewing tobacco or snuff than they do from a cigarette (Mayo Clinic). The health consequences of smokeless tobacco use include oral, throat and pancreatic cancer, tooth loss, gum disease and increased risk of heart disease, heart attack and stroke. (American Cancer Society, “Smokeless Tobacco” 2010) Smokeless tobacco products contain at least 28 cancer-causing agents. The risk of certain types of cancer increases with smokeless tobacco: Esophageal cancer, oral cancer (cancer of the mouth, throat, cheek, gums, lips, tongue). Other Tobacco Products (OTP) Include: Chewing/Spit Tobacco A smokeless tobacco product consumed by placing a portion of the tobacco between the cheek and gum or upper lip teeth and chewing. Must be manually crushed with the teeth to release flavor and nicotine. Spitting is required to get rid of the unwanted juices. Loose Tobacco Loose (pipe) tobacco is made of cured and dried leaves; often a mix of various types of leaves (including spiced leaves), with sweeteners and flavorings added to create an "aromatic" flavor. The tobacco used resembles cigarette tobacco, but is more moist and cut more coarsely. Pipe smoke is usually held in the mouth and then exhaled without inhaling into the lungs. Blunt Wraps Blunt wraps are hollowed out tobacco leaf to be filled by the consumer with tobacco (or other drugs) and comes in different flavors. Flavors are added to create aromas and flavors. -
Appendix 1. Categorization of Cigarette Brands As Either Premium Or Discount
Appendix 1. Categorization of Cigarette Brands as either Premium or Discount Category Name of Cigarette Brand Premium Accord, American Spirit, Barclay, Belair, Benson & Hedges, Camel, Capri, Carlton, Chesterfield, Davidoff, Du Maurier, Dunhill, Dunhill International, Eve, Kent, Kool, L&M, Lark, Lucky Strike, Marlboro, Max, Merit, Mild Seven, More, Nat Sherman, Newport, Now, Parliament, Players, Quest, Rothman’s, Salem, Sampoerna, Saratoga, Tareyton, True, Vantage, Virginia Slims, Winston, Raleigh, Business Club Full Flavor, Ronhill, Dreams Discount 24/7, 305, 1839, A1, Ace, Allstar, Allway Save, Alpine, American, American Diamond, American Hero, American Liberty, Arrow, Austin, Axis, Baileys, Bargain Buy, Baron, Basic, Beacon, Berkeley, Best Value, Black Hawk, Bonus Value, Boston, Bracar, Brand X, Brave, Brentwood, Bridgeport, Bronco, Bronson, Bucks, Buffalo, BV, Calon, Cambridge, Campton, Cannon, Cardinal, Carnival, Cavalier, Champion, Charter, Checkers, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Cimarron, Circle Z, Class A, Classic, Cobra, Complete, Corona, Courier, CT, Decade, Desert Gold, Desert Sun, Discount, Doral, Double Diamond, DTC, Durant, Eagle, Echo, Edgefield, Epic, Esquire, Euro, Exact, Exeter, First Choice, First Class, Focus, Fortuna, Galaxy Pro, Gauloises, Generals, Generic/Private Label, Geronimo, Gold Coast, Gold Crest, Golden Bay, Golden, Golden Beach, Golden Palace, GP, GPC, Grand, Grand Prix, G Smoke, GT Ones, Hava Club, HB, Heron, Highway, Hi-Val, Jacks, Jade, Kentucky Best, King Mountain, Kingsley, Kingston, Kingsport, Knife, Knights, -
"I Always Thought They Were All Pure Tobacco'': American
“I always thought they were all pure tobacco”: American smokers’ perceptions of “natural” cigarettes and tobacco industry advertising strategies Patricia A. McDaniel* Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Nursing University of California, San Francisco 3333 California Street, Suite 455 San Francisco, CA 94118 USA work: (415) 514-9342 fax: (415) 476-6552 [email protected] Ruth E. Malone Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing University of California, San Francisco, USA *Corresponding author The Corresponding Author has the right to grant on behalf of all authors and does grant on behalf of all authors, an exclusive licence (or non exclusive for government employees) on a worldwide basis to the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and its Licensees to permit this article (if accepted) to be published in Tobacco Control editions and any other BMJPGL products to exploit all subsidiary rights, as set out in our licence (http://tc.bmj.com/misc/ifora/licence.pdf). keywords: natural cigarettes, additive-free cigarettes, tobacco industry market research, cigarette descriptors Word count: 223 abstract; 6009 text 1 table, 3 figures 1 ABSTRACT Objective: To examine how the U.S. tobacco industry markets cigarettes as “natural” and American smokers’ views of the “naturalness” (or unnaturalness) of cigarettes. Methods: We reviewed internal tobacco industry documents, the Pollay 20th Century Tobacco Ad Collection, and newspaper sources, categorized themes and strategies, and summarized findings. Results: Cigarette advertisements have used the term “natural” since at least 1910, but it was not until the 1950s that “natural” referred to a core element of brand identity, used to describe specific product attributes (filter, menthol, tobacco leaf). -
Frequency of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2014
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Weekly / Vol. 64 / No. 38 October 2, 2015 Frequency of Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students — United States, 2014 Linda J. Neff, PhD1; René A. Arrazola, MPH1; Ralph S. Caraballo, PhD1; Catherine G. Corey, MSPH2; Shanna Cox, MSPH1; Brian A. King, PhD1; Conrad J. Choiniere, PhD2; Corinne G. Husten, MD2 The use of tobacco products during adolescence increases evidence-based interventions to prevent and reduce all forms the risk for adverse health effects and lifelong nicotine addic- of tobacco use among youths (2). tion (1,2). In 2014, an estimated 4.6 million middle and high NYTS is a cross-sectional, school-based, pencil-and-paper school students were current users of any tobacco product, of questionnaire administered to U.S. middle school and high whom an estimated 2.2 million were current users of two or school students. Information is collected to monitor the more types of tobacco products (3). Symptoms of nicotine impact of comprehensive tobacco control policies and strate- dependence are increased for multiple tobacco product users gies and to inform FDA’s regulatory actions (6). A three-stage compared with single-product users (4,5). CDC and the Food cluster sampling procedure was used to generate a nation- and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed data from the 2014 ally representative sample of U.S. students in grades 6–12 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) to determine how who attend public and private schools. Of the 258 schools frequently (the number of days in the preceding 30 days) U.S. middle school (grades 6–8) and high school (grades 9–12) students used cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless INSIDE tobacco products. -
INTERNATIONAL CIGARETTE PACKAGING STUDY Summary
INTERNATIONAL CIGARETTE PACKAGING STUDY Summary Technical Report June 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS RESEARCH TEAM ................................................................................................................... iv 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 2.0 STUDY PROTOCOL ........................................................................................................... 1 2.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................ 1 2.2 SAMPLE AND RECRUITMENT ................................................................................. 2 3.0 STUDY CONTENT ............................................................................................................. 3 3.1 STUDY 1: HEALTH WARNING MESSAGES ............................................................... 3 3.2 STUDY 2: CIGARETTE PACKAGING ......................................................................... 4 4.0 MEASURES...................................................................................................................... 6 4.1 QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT .......................................................................... 6 4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE CONTENT ................................................................................... 6 5.0 SAMPLE INFORMATION ................................................................................................... 9 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ -
Use of Non Cigarette Tobacco Products (NCTP) Smokeless
Non Cigarette Tobacco Products (NCTP) and Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) Michael V. Burke EdD Asst: Professor of Medicine Nicotine Dependence Center Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN Email: [email protected] ©2011 MFMER | slide-1 Goals & Objectives • Review NCTP definitions & products • Discuss prevalence/trends of NCTP • Discuss NCTP and addiction • Review recommended treatments for NCTP ©2011 MFMER | slide-2 NCTP Definitions & Products ©2011 MFMER | slide-3 Pipes ©2011 MFMER | slide-4 Cigars Images from www.trinketsandtrash.org ©2011 MFMER | slide-5 Cigar Definition U.S. Department of Treasury (1996): Cigar “Any roll of tobacco wrapped in leaf tobacco or any substance containing tobacco.” vs. Cigarette “Any roll of tobacco wrapped in paper or in any substance not containing tobacco.” ©2011 MFMER | slide-6 NCI Monograph 9. Cigars: Health Effects and Trends. ©2011 MFMER | slide-7 ©2011 MFMER | slide-8 Smokeless Tobacco Chewing tobacco • Loose leaf (i.e., Redman) • Plugs • Twists Snuff • Moist (i.e., Copenhagen, Skoal) • Dry (i.e., Honest, Honey bee, Navy, Square) ©2011 MFMER | slide-9 “Chewing Tobacco” = Cut tobacco leaves ©2011 MFMER | slide-10 “Snuff” = Moist ground tobacco ©2011 MFMER | slide-11 Type of ST Used in U.S. Chewing Tobacco Snuff National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) ©2011 MFMER | slide-12 “Spitless Tobacco” – Star Scientific ©2011 MFMER | slide-13 RJ Reynold’s ©2011 MFMER | slide-14 “Swedish Style” ST ©2011 MFMER | slide-15 Phillip Morris (Altria) ©2011 MFMER | slide-16 New Product: “Fully Dissolvables” ©2011 MFMER -
Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination
molecules Review Carbohydrates—Key Players in Tobacco Aroma Formation and Quality Determination Marija Banoži´c 1, Stela Joki´c 1,* , Đurđica Aˇckar 1 , Marijana Blaži´c 2 and Drago Šubari´c 1 1 Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhaˇca20, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (Đ.A.); [email protected] (D.Š.) 2 Karlovac University of Applied Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer Square 9, 47000 Karlovac, Croatia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +385-31-224-333 Received: 11 March 2020; Accepted: 9 April 2020; Published: 9 April 2020 Abstract: Carbohydrates are important compounds in natural products where they primarily serve as a source of energy, but they have important secondary roles as precursors of aroma or bioactive compounds. They are present in fresh and dried (cured) tobacco leaves as well. The sugar content of tobacco depends on the tobacco variety, harvesting, and primarily on the curing conditions (temperature, time and moisture). If the process of curing employs high temperatures (flue-curing and sun-curing), final sugar content is high. In contrast, when air curing has a lower temperature, at the end of the process, sugar level is low. Beside simple sugars, other carbohydrates reported in tobacco are oligosaccharides, cellulose, starch, and pectin. Degradation of polysaccharides results in a higher yield of simple sugars, but at the same time reduces sugars oxidization and transfer into carbon dioxide and water. Loss of sugar producers will compensate with added sugars, to cover undesirable aroma properties and achieve a better, pleasant taste during smoking. -
Unobtrusive Observations of Cigarette Smoking
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 6-1984 Unobtrusive Observations of Cigarette Smoking Robert Fisher Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Recommended Citation Fisher, Robert, "Unobtrusive Observations of Cigarette Smoking. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 1984. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5326 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Robert Fisher entitled "Unobtrusive Observations of Cigarette Smoking." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Psychology. William S. Verplanck, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Robert Fisher entitled "Unobtrusive Observations of Cigarette Smoking." I have exam ined the final copy of this dissertation for form and content and rec ommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Psychology. -
TOBACCO (To Be Filed by Manufacturers Who Do Not Participate in the Master Settlement Agreement) for Sales Made Within Michigan During the 2002 Calendar Year
ANNUAL CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE FOR MANUFACTURER OF CIGARETTES AND/OR “ROLL-YOUR-OWN” TOBACCO (To be filed by manufacturers who do not participate in the Master Settlement Agreement) For sales made within Michigan during the 2002 calendar year Amendments in 2002 to the Tobacco Products Tax Act (1993 PA 327) support enforcement of the escrow requirements for tobacco product manufacturers who are not participating in the tobacco Master Settlement Agreement (1999 PA 244). The amendments require that non-participating manufacturers (NPM’s) provide to the State, and anyone who sells their cigarettes and/or ‘roll-your-own’ tobacco for consumption in Michigan, an annual certification of compliance. By providing the certification, they are attesting to the fact that they have met their escrow obligation under Act 244. The amendments prohibit anyone in Michigan from acquiring, possessing, or selling cigarettes and/or ‘roll-your-own’ tobacco manufactured by an NPM who has failed to provide the certification. The Act provides severe penalties for NPM’s, or anyone selling the cigarettes and/or ‘roll-your-own’ tobacco of NPM’s, for failure to comply with the requirements. The cigarettes, including ‘roll-your-own’ tobacco, of an NPM who has failed to provide the annual certification required by the Tobacco Products Tax Act are subject to seizure or confiscation from anyone in possession of them. If an NPM or any other person does not comply with these requirements, they may be subject to a civil fine not to exceed $1,000.00 per violation, in addition to other penalties that may be imposed under this act or the revenue act. -
Submission of Plans for Cigarette Packages and Cigarette Advertisements (Revised)*
Contains Nonbinding Recommendations Submission of Plans for Cigarette Packages and Cigarette Advertisements (Revised)* Guidance for Industry Comments may be submitted at any time for Agency consideration. Electronic comments may be submitted to https://www.regulations.gov. Alternatively, submit written comments to the Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Room 1061, Rockville, MD, 20852. All comments should be identified with the docket number listed in the notice of availability that publishes in the Federal Register. For questions regarding this guidance, contact the Center for Tobacco Products at (Tel) 1-877- CTP-1373 (1-877-287-1373) Monday-Friday, 9 a.m. – 4 p.m. EDT. Additional copies are available online at https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/products- guidance-regulations/rules-regulations-and-guidance. You may send an e-mail request to [email protected] to receive an electronic copy of this guidance. You may send a request for hard copies to U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, Attn: Office of Small Business Assistance, Document Control Center, Bldg. 71, Rm. G335, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products July 2021 OMB Control Number: 0910-0877 Expiration Date: 4/30/2023 See additional PRA statement in Section IV of the guidance *This is a revision to the third edition of this final guidance, which issued in February 2021. A summary of the revisions is at the end of the guidance. Contains Nonbinding Recommendations Table of Contents I. -
Vaping and E-Cigarettes: Adding Fuel to the Coronavirus Fire?
Vaping and e-cigarettes: Adding fuel to the coronavirus fire? abcnews.go.com/Health/vaping-cigarettes-adding-fuel-coronavirus-fire/story By Dr. Chloë E. Nunneley 26 March 2020, 17:04 6 min read Vaping and e-cigarettes: Adding fuel to the coronavirus fire?Because vaping can cause dangerous lung and respiratory problems, experts say it makes sense that the habit could aggravate the symptoms of COVID-19. New data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention last week warns that young people may be more impacted by COVID-19 than was initially thought, with patients under the age of 45 comprising more than a third of all cases, and one in five of those patients requiring hospitalization. Although scientists still don’t have good data to explain exactly why some young people are getting very sick from the novel coronavirus, some experts are now saying that the popularity of e-cigarettes and vaping could be making a bad situation even worse. Approximately one in four teens in the United States vapes or smokes e-cigarettes, with the FDA declaring the teenage use of these products a nationwide epidemic and the CDC warning about a life-threatening vaping illness called EVALI, or “E-cigarette or Vaping- Associated Lung Injury.” Public health experts believe that conventional cigarette smokers are likely to have more serious illness if they become infected with COVID-19, according to the World Health Organization. Because vaping can also cause dangerous lung and respiratory problems, 1/4 experts say it makes sense that the habit could aggravate the symptoms of COVID-19, although they will need longer-term studies to know for sure. -
EU Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EC
29.4.2014 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 127/1 I (Legislative acts) DIRECTIVES DIRECTIVE 2014/40/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 3 April 2014 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning the manufacture, presentation and sale of tobacco and related products and repealing Directive 2001/37/EC (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Articles 53(1), 62 and 114 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments, Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee ( 1 ), Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions ( 2), Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure ( 3 ), Whereas: (1) Directive 2001/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 4) lays down rules at Union level concerning tobacco products. In order to reflect scientific, market and international developments, substantial changes to that Directive would be needed and it should therefore be repealed and replaced by a new Directive. (2) In its reports of 2005 and 2007 on the application of Directive 2001/37/EC the Commission identified areas in which further action was considered useful for the smooth functioning of the internal market. In 2008 and 2010 the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) provided scientific advice to the Commission on smokeless tobacco products and tobacco additives.