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Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QRP) Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QRP) . Universidad Central del Ecuador CINCHONIA Volumen 8 Número 1 Noviembre 2007 CINCHONIA, revista del herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP) de la Escuela de Biología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Su nombre se ha tomado del género Cinchona de la fa­ milia Rubiaceae que en nuestro país tiene 12 especies: Cinchona barbacoensis, C. capu­ lí, C. lancifolia, C. lucumifolia, C. macrocalyx, C. mutisii, C. officinalis, C . parabólica, C. pitayensis, C. pubescens, C. rugosa y C. villosa, son conocidas como: “Cascarilla roja, Ca­ pulí, Crespilla, Quina, Quinina, Cinchona, Planta de la humanidad, Árbol de la vida”, es­ tas plantas leñosas se distribuyen en las cordilleras Occidental y Oriental de los Andes ecuatorianos, entre altitudes de 1.500 - 3.000 m. Una de las cascarillas fue descrita como Cinchona officinalis por Carlos Linné en 1749 en su obra GENERA PLANTARUM y de­ bido al gran beneficio prestado a la humanidad como medicina para el tratamiento del pa­ ludismo y la malaria, en 1936 fue nombrada la especie Cinchona pubescens como Planta Nacional del Ecuador. EDITORES: Carlos E. Cerón, Consuelo Montalvo A. & Carmita 1. Reyes. PORTADA: Cinchona pubescens Vahl (Rubiaceae). C.E. Cerón 2007. CINCHONIA, publica resultados de investigaciones realizadas en temáticas como: diver­ sidad, composición florística, ecología de plantas y etnobotánica del Ecuador, realizadas por los miembros de la institución o investigadores relacionados con la misma. CINCHONIA, es una publicación anual, se acepta canje por publicaciones similares. Cada ejemplar tiene un costo de veinte dólares (USD 20). CINCHONIA, Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP), Escuela de Biología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Ap. Postal 17.01.2177. Quito, Ecuador. Edificio Facultad de Filosofía, 6to. piso, ala norte, Ciudad Universitaria. © CINCHONIA 2007 E ditorial ^ UNIVERSITARIA~ Diseño, diagramación, impresión y encuademación- EDITORIAL UNIVERSITARIA. Universidad Central del Ecuador. ISSN: 1390-1516 CINCHONIA Herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP) Escuela de Biología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador 8(1) Noviembre 2007 ^ 5 DITORIAL UNIVERSITARIAT Quito-Ecuador 2007 PREFACIO Vivimos en una época que muestra la evidente declinación de los taxónomos en los países indus­ trializados. Se entiende cada vez más la responsabilidad de tomar la posta por parte de la sociedad latina; en algunos países como Argentina, Brasil, México, Colombia, tienen un gran adelanto, a tal punto que de las investigaciones relacionadas con los inventarios han pasado a los estudios moleculares y de manejo. En nuestro país es poca la incidencia de los botánicos ecuatorianos. Si hablamos de una época antigua, podrían reconocerse los nombres de: Luis Cordero, Abelardo Pachano, Reinaldo Espinoza, Alfredo Paredes, Misael Acosta Solís, Flor María Valverde e Inés Padilla; quienes a mi criterio, en su afán y amor por la naturaleza, úni­ camente alcanzaron a ser colectores, ya que al revisar el Catálogo de Plantas Vasculares del Ecuador, sus apellidos no constan como parte de los nombres científicos, eso significa que ninguno de ellos describió alguna especie nueva para la ciencia. Entre los botánicos actuales, el panorama es más alentador, entre ellos se puede citar a: Carmen Ulloa, Walter Palacios, Kalya Romoleroux, Susana León Yánez, Renato Valencia, Jaime Jaramillo, Hugo Navarrete, Alina Freire, Xavier Cornejo, Carmen Bonifaz de Elao, Pablo Lozano, Zliofre Aguirre, Consuelo Montalvo, Carmita Reyes; pero para los nuevos prospectos y estudiantes si bien hay mucho espacio para el estudio, también hay una gran inclinación de las investigaciones ligado al trabajo mediante consultorías; muchas de esas personas son utilizadas como mano de obra barata, con remuneraciones irrisorias. Creo que las universidades e instituciones que preparan este tipo de profesionales, están en la obligación de implementar los planes de estudio acordes para la investigación de nuestra riqueza florística, pero también entendiendo que éstas deben servir para mejorar la calidad humana y económica, a fin de preparar botánicos solventes, para lo cual necesitamos que los herbarios ecuatorianos crezcan, al igual que las bibliotecas com­ pilen toda la información ecuatoriana esparcida en el mundo; también repatriar, si no es posi­ ble las colecciones botánicas, al menos los tipos e isotipos o sus fotocopias e imágenes digitales. Nuestra aspiración como herbario Alfredo Paredes (QAP) iniciada en el año 2000 con la pu­ blicación de la revista Cinchonia continúa, esperando que así sea por mucho tiempo; en esta ocasión se incluyen 7 artículos. Para los bosques nubosos: Composición y estructura florísti­ ca en un remanente del río Pachijal, Pichincha - Ecuador; Composición y estructura de una hectárea de bosque en la cordillera del Paso Alto, San José de Minas, Pichincha - Ecuador; Regeneración pionera en deslizamientos de tierra producidos por perturbaciones anlropogéni- cas junto a carreteras, en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Ecua­ dor; para la Amazonia: Parches de bosque y Etnobotánica Shuar en Palora, Morona Santiago - Ecuador; La flora en cuatro tipos de bosque, Añangu, Parque Nacional Yasuní, Ecuador; pa­ ra la región Costa; Diversidad vegetal en un remanente del Chocó, Esmeraldas - Ecuador; y finalmente se incluye un artículo que tiene relación con las experiencias y vida de un investi­ gador botánico, se titula: De la ilusión estudiantil a la realidad profesional, Cronología de un botánico ecuatoriano. Los criterios que se señalan en los diferentes artículos son de estricta responsabilidad de sus autores y no compromete ni a las autoridades ni tampoco a las instituciones relacionadas con la revista. Dr. Carlos Eduardo Cerón M artínez DIRECTOR AD-HONOREM DEL HERBARIO ALFREDO PAREDES (QAP) CONTENIDO Editorial Pag. NOVEDADES BOTÁNICAS DEL HERBARIO ALFREDO PAREDES DE LA ILUSIÓN ESTUDIANTIL A LA REALIDAD PROFESIONAL, CRONOLOGÍA DE UN BOTÁNICO ECUATORIANO Carlos E. Cerón Martínez ..................................................................................................... 1 DIVERSIDAD VEGETAL EN UN REMANENTE DEL CHOCÓ, ESMERALDAS - ECUADOR Carlos E. Cerón, Carmita I. Reyes & Misael Yánez. T. ....................................................... 37 LA FLORA EN CUATRO TIPOS DE BOSQUE, AÑANGU, PARQUE NACIONAL YASUNÍ, ECUADOR Carlos E. Cerón &. Carmita I. R eyes .................................................................................... 54 PARCHES DE BOSQUE Y ETNOBOTÁNICA SHUAR EN PALORA, MORONA SANTIAGO - ECUADOR Carlos E. Cerón &. Carmita I. R e y e s .................................................................................... 66 COMPOSICIÓN Y ESTRUCTURA FLORÍSTICA EN UN REMANENTE DEL RÍO PACHIJAL, PICHINCHA - ECUADOR Mónica Cevallos Z, Misael Yánez T. & Carlos E. Cerón..................................................... 84 COMPOSICIÓN Y ESTRUCTURA DE UNA HECTÁREA DE BOSQUE EN LA CORDILLERA DEL PASO ALTO, SAN JOSÉ DE MINAS, PICHINCHA - ECUADOR Edison D. Jiménez L ópez ........................................................................................................107 REGENERACIÓN PIONERA EN DESLIZAMIENTOS DE TIERRA PRODUCIDOS POR PERTURBACIONES ANTROPOGÉNICAS JUNTO A CARRETERAS, EN LA ZONA DE AMORTIGUAMIENTO DEL PARQUE NACIONAL PODOCARPUS, ECUADOR Pablo Lozano, Rainer W. Bussmann y Manfred Küppers.....................................................126 ' NOVEDADES BOTÁNICAS DEL HERBARIO ALFREDO PAREDES (QAP) El personal del herbario Alfredo Paredes, participó en el XI Congreso Nacional de Botánica, realizado en la ciudad de Puno, Perú, durante los días 18-21 de septiembre del 2006, los temas que se expusieron en la modalidad de exposiciones libres fueron: 1. Composición y diversidad de cuatro tipos de bosque amazónico, Añangu - Parque Nacional Yasuní, Ecuador, 2. Etnobotánica de tres comunidades Quichua en la provincia de Pastaza, Amazonia Ecuatoriana. En la modalidad de Conferencia Magistral se expu­ so: La Etnobotánica Secoya en una Etnia de la Amazonia Ecuatoriana - Peruana. El personal del herbario Alfredo Paredes, participó en las trigésimas Jornadas Nacionales de Biología realizadas en la Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, durante los días 23 - 25 de noviembre del 2006, los temas que se expusieron en este certamen fueron: 1. Géneros de macrolíquenes en la Reserva Orquideológica de Pahuma, Pichincha - Ecuador, 2. Las Horchatas y los Emolientos del Ecuador y el Perú, 3. Diversidad y dominancia vegetal en un sendero Etnobotánico de la cuenca alta del río Oglán, Pastaza - Ecuador, 4. Diversidad florística y notas de Etnobotánica Shuar en parches de bosque de Palora, Morona Santiago - Ecuador, 5. Estructura y composición florística de 1 ha de bosque en la comunidad Secoya Sehuaya, Sucumbíos - Ecuador. Durante el año 2006 - 2007, se recibió visitas de varios taxónomos para la revisión de especímenes depositados en el herbario Alfredo Paredes, como: Comelius C. Berg (Ficus - Moraceae), José Murillo (Euphorbiaceae, Heléchos), Luz Amparo Triana- Moreno (Pecluma - Polypodiaceae), Marianne Elias (Ecología de mariposas neotropi- cales miméticas), Hana Hermanek (Plantas Medicinales), Thomas Croat (Araceae), Marie-Pierre Ledru (Palinología). En el año 2006 - 2007, el herbario Alfredo Paredes en calidad de intercambio con nues­ tra revista Cinchonia, recibió las revistas: Acta Botánica Venezuclica (Venezuela), Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid (España), Amaldoa (Perú), Caldasia (Colombia), Sida, Harvard Paper (U.S.A.)
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