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Morfología Y Clasificación Superior En Los Stenopodainos Americanos (Reduviidae-Heteroptera-Insecta)

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Morfología Y Clasificación Superior En Los Stenopodainos Americanos (Reduviidae-Heteroptera-Insecta) Tesis de Posgrado Morfología y clasificación superior en los Stenopodainos americanos (Reduviidae-Heteroptera-Insecta) Giacchi, Juan Carlos 1981 Tesis presentada para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires Este documento forma parte de la colección de tesis doctorales y de maestría de la Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, disponible en digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. Su utilización debe ser acompañada por la cita bibliográfica con reconocimiento de la fuente. This document is part of the doctoral theses collection of the Central Library Dr. Luis Federico Leloir, available in digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar. It should be used accompanied by the corresponding citation acknowledging the source. Cita tipo APA: Giacchi, Juan Carlos. (1981). Morfología y clasificación superior en los Stenopodainos americanos (Reduviidae-Heteroptera-Insecta). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_1689_Giacchi.pdf Cita tipo Chicago: Giacchi, Juan Carlos. "Morfología y clasificación superior en los Stenopodainos americanos (Reduviidae-Heteroptera-Insecta)". Tesis de Doctor. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. 1981. http://digital.bl.fcen.uba.ar/Download/Tesis/Tesis_1689_Giacchi.pdf Dirección: Biblioteca Central Dr. Luis F. Leloir, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Contacto: [email protected] Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - C1428EGA - Tel. (++54 +11) 4789-9293 Ham FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES fi. MORFOLOGIA Y CLASIFICACION SUPERIOR EN LOS STENOPODAINOS AMERICANOS (REDUVIIDAE - HETEROPTERA - INSECTA) JUAN CARLOS GIACCHI TESIS PARA OPTAR AL DOCTORADO DIRECTOR: Dr. SIXTO COSCARON - l 9 8 1 - {1‘653 EE>É3 p LP} ¿om Introducción............................................... RevisiónHistórica......................................... MaterialesyMétodos....................................... Coleccionesestudiadas..................................... 11 Especies registradas en Américapero no vistas por el autor 12 i; Estadoactual de 1a Taxonomíadelgrupo.................... 12 Tendenciasmorfológicas.................................... 15 Morfologíageneral......................................... 17 SubfamiliaStenopodainae:Diagnosie........................ 24 Clave de los géneros consideradosen este estudio.......... 24 StenopodaLaporte,1833................................... 27 1833.......OOCOCOI...OO...32 cana Stal, 1859...................... 34 aubinermia",1859....... ............... 36 sp. OOOOIOOIOOOOOOOODCOOOO37 lativentrissp.nov..................... 39 aztecasp. nov. ...................... 4o Elgodzinsgxisp.nov.................... 42 ggaraniticaep.nov..................... 43 flavida sp. nov. 45 spinulosasp.nov...................... 46 Discusión.................................................. 48 OncocephalusKlug,1830.................................... 50 erectusVanDuzee,1923................. 60 nubilusVanDuzee,1914................. 62 geniculatus(Stal,1872)................ 66 internuntiussp.nov. ................ 70 antipodusReuter,1882.................. 74 validiapinieReuter,1882............... 77 infuacatussp.nov. .................. 82 hïrsutua sp. nov. .................. es Sp. 0......000000000’.es DificuSión.O0...1..0..........OO....0....ÓI...’....I..OOOOI. 90 Acerca de la posición taxonómioa de Diaditus Stal y 22513­ 232Stal. Caracterescomunesydistintivos .............. 92 DiaditusStal,1859.................................... 108 3212325ep.nov. .................L. 117 pictipes Champion,1898.....;....... 120 gggjgggggHussey,1954 .............. 122 pilosicornis Bergroth,1907 ......... 125 semicolonStal,1859 ................ 128 latulus Barber,1930 ................ 131 Discusión.............................................. 135 NarvesusStal,1859.................................... 137 carolinensisStal, 1859 ............. 143 agas;Barber,1930.................. 146 Discusión.............................................. 151 GnathobledaStal,1859................................. 152 fraudulentaStal, 1859 .............. 160 litigiosaStal, 1859 ................ 163 ¿gbaGiacchi,1970.................. 166 Discusión.............................................. 169 PnirontisStal,1859................................... 171 acuminataBarber,1929 .............. 172 scorpionia(Berg,1871) ............. PnohirmusStal,1859................................... 175 violentusStal, 1859 ................ 176 CtenotrachelusStal,1868.............................. 178 striatus Barber,1930 ............... 179 III.0....OOIIOOOOOOUOOOOOOOOII. 181 cornutulus(Berg,1879) ............. 182 Onoo'oooo-eoooooooeeo«00000000.... 183 bruneosueBarber,1930 .............. 184 La genitalia femeninay su utilización en Sistemática ... 187 Segmentosgenitalesy genitalia ........................ 189 Subfamilia Stenopodainae °-°'°°'°"°° 192 SubfamiliaTriatominae.............. 194 SubfamiliaReduviinae .,............ 195 SubfamiliaPiratinae................ 195 Subfsmilis Microtominae 195 Discusión 196 Conclusiones .0....00.0.........OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOÜOOOOOOO 197 Agradecimientos 210 Bibliografía 211 Ilustraciones 8 índice de láminas OIC... INTRODUCCION La Subfamilia Stenopodainae, aunque de amplia distribución mua dial, se encuentra particularmente diversificada en Africa y en América, con un relativamente bajo número de representantes en el resto del mundo. De todos sus generos, es Oncocephalus el netamente cosmo­ polita, con una distribución similar, es decir, Iran númerode ¡especies en los dos continentes citados y unas muypocas en el resto. Villiers para Africa, ha creado una subfamilia Oncocephalinae, en base al genero homónimo, pero las formas que ha agrupado bajo esta denominación, incluyendo al genero tipo, son asombrosameg te semejantes y hasta afines con las del nuevo mundo, las que se encuentran reunidas en la subfamilia que nos ocupa. Esta, en América, tiene representantes neárticos y neotropica­ les, siendo su limite norte de distribución los estados sureños de los Estados Unidos y en el sur, pueden llegar hasta la Pro­ vincia de Rio Negro, en la Argentina. En el norte de América se encuentran sus especies desde el Océ­ ano Atlántico al Pacífico; en el sur aparentemente no llegan a sobrepasar la Cordillera de los Andes, ya que no exiESten datos en toda la literatura, ni poseemosningún tipo de información acerca de su presencia en Chile. Basándonos meramente en datos de colección, ya que hasta el prg sente no existen estudios biogeográficoe, o biológicos de algu­ na naturaleza, inferimos que ocupan prácticamente todas las prg vincias biogeográficas americanas. Pero el mayor número de espg cies lo podemosreferir a las de Américadel Sur, particularmeg _ 1 ­ a las provincias Guayana, Amazónica, del Cerrado, Paranaense y Chaqueña, disminuyendo gradualmente su número hacia norte y sur. No conocemosnada acerca de su ecologia y, hasta el presen te, con excepción de algunos comentarios que pasaremos a trans­ cribir, prácticamente nada del habitat. Uhler en 1884, refiriéndose a Stenopodacinerea, dice: “éstos, así comosus juveniles, se ocultan en las ramas y ramitas de los árboles, acechando a la espera de orugas y otros insectos, a los cuales atrapan y perforan con su rostro curvo y agudo y, mien ­ Li' tras los sujetan entre sus fémuresy tibias anteriores, los sug cionan hasta matarlos “. Brunner (1924-1926) respecto de Stenopoda culiciformis (:cine­ rea)= " es atraído a las casas por la luz, no chupa sangre, pe­ ro pica en defensa propia " y de Pnirontis modesta 3 “atraída por la luz, fué atrapada en telas de araña “. Blatchley (1926) en sus comentarios sobre stenopodainos de Nor­ te América, dice de S.cinerea: " sólo ninfas, batidas de hojas muertas de repollo y palma realqy también de restos de hierbas". ha De Narvesus carolinensis : “ excepto que aparecen a la luz, na; da relativo a sus hábitos ha sido registrado". DeGnathobledatumidula (:litigiosa) : “varias ninfas del últi­ moestadio, tamizaoas de restos de hierbas, a lo largo de los márgenes de hamacas húmedas". De ngolampis pectoralis 3 ú en Indiana estos hibernan , ambos ninfas y adultos, solos o en parejas, bajo restos o desechos, tablas y otros refugios, en los márgenes de los caminos y en los bordes de bosques en las tierras altas. En verano yo los he en­ contrado en pequeñas colonias, bajo cortezas desprendidas de tg cones de roble, en tierras boscosas altas y debajo de restos en descomposición en basurales. En Florida las ninfas pueden ser cribadas de restos de hierba, en terrenos bajos y húmedos, los adultos se encuentran bajo cortezas ". Estos son los únicos datos en toda la bibliografia consul­ tada, pero coinciden con ciertas observaciones. Muchos ejemplares de colección vienen manchados de barro o con granos de arena en vientre y patas. Dog_ejemplares de Stenopoda guaranitica, macho y hembra, fueron capturados en Entre Rios cuando se dirigían, caminando sobre el suelo, a un termitero recién abierto y a pleno dia. La inmensa mayoría de los ejemplares observados, fueron capturg dos a la luz eléctrica. De éstos, entre un ochenta a noventa por ciento son machos. En un lote de más de cincuenta ejemplares, coleccionados por el Doctor Bachmannen el Delta, compuesto por Diaditus latulus y Narvesus minor, del primero veintisiete eran machos y veinte hembras, del segundo todos eran machos. Ln un lote coleccionado por el Sr. J.Genise, en el Parque El Palmar (E. Rios), cincuenta ejemplares de Stenopoda guaraniti­
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