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Bart, Hempfling, Kaashoek. (Eds.) Israel Gohberg and Friends.. on The
Israel Gohberg and Friends On the Occasion of his 80th Birthday Harm Bart Thomas Hempfling Marinus A. Kaashoek Editors Birkhäuser Basel · Boston · Berlin Editors: Harm Bart Marinus A. Kaashoek Econometrisch Instituut Department of Mathematics, FEW Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam Vrije Universiteit Postbus 1738 De Boelelaan 1081A 3000 DR Rotterdam 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Thomas Hempfling Editorial Department Mathematics Birkhäuser Publishing Ltd. P.O. Box 133 4010 Basel Switzerland e-mail: thomas.hempfl[email protected] Library of Congress Control Number: 2008927170 Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at <http://dnb.ddb.de>. ISBN 978-3-7643-8733-4 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel – Boston – Berlin This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. © 2008 Birkhäuser Verlag AG Basel · Boston · Berlin P.O. Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland Part of Springer Science+Business Media Printed on acid-free paper produced of chlorine-free pulp. TCF ∞ Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-7643-8733-4 e-ISBN 978-3-7643-8734-1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 www.birkhauser.ch Contents Preface.......................................................................ix CongratulationsfromthePublisher...........................................xii PartI.MathematicalandPhilosophical-MathematicalTales...................1 I. -
Program of the Sessions San Diego, California, January 9–12, 2013
Program of the Sessions San Diego, California, January 9–12, 2013 AMS Short Course on Random Matrices, Part Monday, January 7 I MAA Short Course on Conceptual Climate Models, Part I 9:00 AM –3:45PM Room 4, Upper Level, San Diego Convention Center 8:30 AM –5:30PM Room 5B, Upper Level, San Diego Convention Center Organizer: Van Vu,YaleUniversity Organizers: Esther Widiasih,University of Arizona 8:00AM Registration outside Room 5A, SDCC Mary Lou Zeeman,Bowdoin upper level. College 9:00AM Random Matrices: The Universality James Walsh, Oberlin (5) phenomenon for Wigner ensemble. College Preliminary report. 7:30AM Registration outside Room 5A, SDCC Terence Tao, University of California Los upper level. Angles 8:30AM Zero-dimensional energy balance models. 10:45AM Universality of random matrices and (1) Hans Kaper, Georgetown University (6) Dyson Brownian Motion. Preliminary 10:30AM Hands-on Session: Dynamics of energy report. (2) balance models, I. Laszlo Erdos, LMU, Munich Anna Barry*, Institute for Math and Its Applications, and Samantha 2:30PM Free probability and Random matrices. Oestreicher*, University of Minnesota (7) Preliminary report. Alice Guionnet, Massachusetts Institute 2:00PM One-dimensional energy balance models. of Technology (3) Hans Kaper, Georgetown University 4:00PM Hands-on Session: Dynamics of energy NSF-EHR Grant Proposal Writing Workshop (4) balance models, II. Anna Barry*, Institute for Math and Its Applications, and Samantha 3:00 PM –6:00PM Marina Ballroom Oestreicher*, University of Minnesota F, 3rd Floor, Marriott The time limit for each AMS contributed paper in the sessions meeting will be found in Volume 34, Issue 1 of Abstracts is ten minutes. -
Sinai Awarded 2014 Abel Prize
Sinai Awarded 2014 Abel Prize The Norwegian Academy of Sci- Sinai’s first remarkable contribution, inspired ence and Letters has awarded by Kolmogorov, was to develop an invariant of the Abel Prize for 2014 to dynamical systems. This invariant has become Yakov Sinai of Princeton Uni- known as the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, and it versity and the Landau Insti- has become a central notion for studying the com- tute for Theoretical Physics plexity of a system through a measure-theoretical of the Russian Academy of description of its trajectories. It has led to very Sciences “for his fundamen- important advances in the classification of dynami- tal contributions to dynamical cal systems. systems, ergodic theory, and Sinai has been at the forefront of ergodic theory. mathematical physics.” The He proved the first ergodicity theorems for scat- Photo courtesy of Princeton University Mathematics Department. Abel Prize recognizes contribu- tering billiards in the style of Boltzmann, work tions of extraordinary depth he continued with Bunimovich and Chernov. He Yakov Sinai and influence in the mathemat- constructed Markov partitions for systems defined ical sciences and has been awarded annually since by iterations of Anosov diffeomorphisms, which 2003. The prize carries a cash award of approxi- led to a series of outstanding works showing the mately US$1 million. Sinai received the Abel Prize power of symbolic dynamics to describe various at a ceremony in Oslo, Norway, on May 20, 2014. classes of mixing systems. With Ruelle and Bowen, Sinai discovered the Citation notion of SRB measures: a rather general and Ever since the time of Newton, differential equa- distinguished invariant measure for dissipative tions have been used by mathematicians, scientists, systems with chaotic behavior. -
Implications for Understanding the Role of Affect in Mathematical Thinking
Mathematicians and music: Implications for understanding the role of affect in mathematical thinking Rena E. Gelb Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2021 © 2021 Rena E. Gelb All Rights Reserved Abstract Mathematicians and music: Implications for understanding the role of affect in mathematical thinking Rena E. Gelb The study examines the role of music in the lives and work of 20th century mathematicians within the framework of understanding the contribution of affect to mathematical thinking. The current study focuses on understanding affect and mathematical identity in the contexts of the personal, familial, communal and artistic domains, with a particular focus on musical communities. The study draws on published and archival documents and uses a multiple case study approach in analyzing six mathematicians. The study applies the constant comparative method to identify common themes across cases. The study finds that the ways the subjects are involved in music is personal, familial, communal and social, connecting them to communities of other mathematicians. The results further show that the subjects connect their involvement in music with their mathematical practices through 1) characterizing the mathematician as an artist and mathematics as an art, in particular the art of music; 2) prioritizing aesthetic criteria in their practices of mathematics; and 3) comparing themselves and other mathematicians to musicians. The results show that there is a close connection between subjects’ mathematical and musical identities. I identify eight affective elements that mathematicians display in their work in mathematics, and propose an organization of these affective elements around a view of mathematics as an art, with a particular focus on the art of music. -
Homogenization 2001, Proceedings of the First HMS2000 International School and Conference on Ho- Mogenization
in \Homogenization 2001, Proceedings of the First HMS2000 International School and Conference on Ho- mogenization. Naples, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, June 18-22 and 23-27, 2001, Ed. L. Carbone and R. De Arcangelis, 191{211, Gakkotosho, Tokyo, 2003". On Homogenization and Γ-convergence Luc TARTAR1 In memory of Ennio DE GIORGI When in the Fall of 1976 I had chosen \Homog´en´eisationdans les ´equationsaux d´eriv´eespartielles" (Homogenization in partial differential equations) for the title of my Peccot lectures, which I gave in the beginning of 1977 at Coll`egede France in Paris, I did not know of the term Γ-convergence, which I first heard almost a year after, in a talk that Ennio DE GIORGI gave in the seminar that Jacques-Louis LIONS was organizing at Coll`egede France on Friday afternoons. I had not found the definition of Γ-convergence really new, as it was quite similar to questions that were already discussed in control theory under the name of relaxation (which was a more general question than what most people mean by that term now), and it was the convergence in the sense of Umberto MOSCO [Mos] but without the restriction to convex functionals, and it was the natural nonlinear analog of a result concerning G-convergence that Ennio DE GIORGI had obtained with Sergio SPAGNOLO [DG&Spa]; however, Ennio DE GIORGI's talk contained a quite interesting example, for which he referred to Luciano MODICA (and Stefano MORTOLA) [Mod&Mor], where functionals involving surface integrals appeared as Γ-limits of functionals involving volume integrals, and I thought that it was the interesting part of the concept, so I had found it similar to previous questions but I had felt that the point of view was slightly different. -
Fundamental Theorems in Mathematics
SOME FUNDAMENTAL THEOREMS IN MATHEMATICS OLIVER KNILL Abstract. An expository hitchhikers guide to some theorems in mathematics. Criteria for the current list of 243 theorems are whether the result can be formulated elegantly, whether it is beautiful or useful and whether it could serve as a guide [6] without leading to panic. The order is not a ranking but ordered along a time-line when things were writ- ten down. Since [556] stated “a mathematical theorem only becomes beautiful if presented as a crown jewel within a context" we try sometimes to give some context. Of course, any such list of theorems is a matter of personal preferences, taste and limitations. The num- ber of theorems is arbitrary, the initial obvious goal was 42 but that number got eventually surpassed as it is hard to stop, once started. As a compensation, there are 42 “tweetable" theorems with included proofs. More comments on the choice of the theorems is included in an epilogue. For literature on general mathematics, see [193, 189, 29, 235, 254, 619, 412, 138], for history [217, 625, 376, 73, 46, 208, 379, 365, 690, 113, 618, 79, 259, 341], for popular, beautiful or elegant things [12, 529, 201, 182, 17, 672, 673, 44, 204, 190, 245, 446, 616, 303, 201, 2, 127, 146, 128, 502, 261, 172]. For comprehensive overviews in large parts of math- ematics, [74, 165, 166, 51, 593] or predictions on developments [47]. For reflections about mathematics in general [145, 455, 45, 306, 439, 99, 561]. Encyclopedic source examples are [188, 705, 670, 102, 192, 152, 221, 191, 111, 635]. -
FOCUS August/September 2005
FOCUS August/September 2005 FOCUS is published by the Mathematical Association of America in January, February, March, April, May/June, FOCUS August/September, October, November, and Volume 25 Issue 6 December. Editor: Fernando Gouvêa, Colby College; [email protected] Inside Managing Editor: Carol Baxter, MAA 4 Saunders Mac Lane, 1909-2005 [email protected] By John MacDonald Senior Writer: Harry Waldman, MAA [email protected] 5 Encountering Saunders Mac Lane By David Eisenbud Please address advertising inquiries to: Rebecca Hall [email protected] 8George B. Dantzig 1914–2005 President: Carl C. Cowen By Don Albers First Vice-President: Barbara T. Faires, 11 Convergence: Mathematics, History, and Teaching Second Vice-President: Jean Bee Chan, An Invitation and Call for Papers Secretary: Martha J. Siegel, Associate By Victor Katz Secretary: James J. Tattersall, Treasurer: John W. Kenelly 12 What I Learned From…Project NExT By Dave Perkins Executive Director: Tina H. Straley 14 The Preparation of Mathematics Teachers: A British View Part II Associate Executive Director and Director By Peter Ruane of Publications: Donald J. Albers FOCUS Editorial Board: Rob Bradley; J. 18 So You Want to be a Teacher Kevin Colligan; Sharon Cutler Ross; Joe By Jacqueline Brennon Giles Gallian; Jackie Giles; Maeve McCarthy; Colm 19 U.S.A. Mathematical Olympiad Winners Honored Mulcahy; Peter Renz; Annie Selden; Hortensia Soto-Johnson; Ravi Vakil. 20 Math Youth Days at the Ballpark Letters to the editor should be addressed to By Gene Abrams Fernando Gouvêa, Colby College, Dept. of 22 The Fundamental Theorem of ________________ Mathematics, Waterville, ME 04901, or by email to [email protected]. -
Applications at the International Congress by Marty Golubitsky
From SIAM News, Volume 39, Number 10, December 2006 Applications at the International Congress By Marty Golubitsky Grigori Perelman’s decision to decline the Fields Medal, coupled with the speculations surrounding this decision, propelled the 2006 Fields Medals to international prominence. Stories about the medals and the award ceremony at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Madrid this summer appeared in many influential news outlets (The New York Times, BBC, ABC, . .) and even in popular magazines (The New Yorker). In Madrid, the topologist John Morgan gave an excellent account of the history of the Poincaré conjecture and the ideas of Richard Hamilton and Perelman that led to the proof that the three-dimensional conjecture is correct. As Morgan pointed out, proofs of the Poincaré con- jecture and its direct generalizations have led to four Fields Medals: to Stephen Smale (1966), William Thurston (1982), Michael Freedman (1986), and now Grigori Perelman. The 2006 ICM was held in the Palacio Municipal de Congressos, a modern convention center on the outskirts of Madrid, which easily accommodated the 3600 or so participants. The interior of the convention center has a number of intriguing views—my favorite, shown below, is from the top of the three-floor-long descending escalator. Alfio Quarteroni’s plenary lecture on cardiovascular mathematics was among the many ses- The opening ceremony included a welcome sions of interest to applied mathematicians. from Juan Carlos, King of Spain, as well as the official announcement of the prize recipients—not only the four Fields Medals but also the Nevanlinna Prize and the (newly established) Gauss Prize. -
Fall 2016 Newsletter
Fall 2016 Published by the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University Courant Newsletter Modeling the Unseen Earth with Georg Stadler Volume 13, Issue 1 p4 p12 p2 IN MEMORIAM: ENCRYPTION FOR A JOSEPH KELLER POST-QUANTUM WORLD WITH ODED REGEV p8 FOR THE LOVE OF MATH: CMT nurtures mathematically talented, underserved kids ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: AT THE BOUNDARY NEW FACULTY OF TWO FIELDS: p11 A COURANT STORY p6 PUZZLE: FIND ME QUICKLY CHANGING OF p13 THE GUARD p7 IN MEMORIAM: ELIEZER HAMEIRI p10 Encryption for a post-quantum world With Oded Regev by April Bacon assumed secure because the problem on which it is based — in this case, factoring very large numbers — is assumed very hard. “The key to almost all quantum algorithms is something called the quantum Fourier transform,” says Oded. “It allows quantum computers to easily identify periodicity [occurrences at regular intervals], which, as it turns out, allows to solve the integer factorization problem.” By using Shor’s algorithm, quantum computers will be able to break systems used today very quickly — it is thought in a matter of seconds. The speed is “not because the computer is fast – this is a common misconception,” says Oded. “It just does ©NYU Photo Bureau: Asselin things in different ways.” Whereas a regular computer has bits that alternate between (From left to right) Oded Regev with Ph.D. students Noah Stephens-Davidowitz and state “0” and “1,” a quantum computer – Alexander (Sasha) Golovnev. by putting photons, electrons, and other Oded Regev established a landmark lattice- Public-key encryption is “one of the quantum objects to work as “qubits” – can based encryption system, which could help main conceptual discoveries of the 20th take advantage of a quantum phenomenon keep the internet secure in a post-quantum century,” says Oded. -
Interview for 75 Anniversary Courant Institute Andy
INTERVIEW FOR 75TH ANNIVERSARY COURANT INSTITUTE ANDY MAJDA I was a professor at Princeton for 10 years from 1984-1994, and I got the opportunity to come to Courant when Dave McLaughlin, who was my Princeton colleague and now is NYU’s Provost, got an offer to become the Director of Courant. I had a very interesting discussion with him where I wanted to convince him to stay at Princeton because I had worked hard to hire him – I can say I hired NYU’s Provost – when I was running the Applied Math program at Princeton. In the course of the conversation he said, ‘I’m going to NYU to become Courant’s Director and I’d like to see what I can do to attract you.’ My wife is a professor of Geosciences at Princeton and had some colleagues who were involved in climate science/atmosphere/ocean as part of her department and working at the geophysical fluid dynamics laboratory in Princeton. Historically these fields had an interaction with applied mathematics 20 years earlier, in a very traditional mode of applied mathematics. But applied mathematics had developed and matured a lot, with huge improvements in how people thought about numerical algorithms, modeling, asymptotic modeling, and how you could use tools of rigorous mathematics to prove things. And I thought these problems were unbelievably important for climate change science, problems for the whole world community. So I thought, ‘Aha, maybe if Dave McLaughlin wants to attract me to NYU, he’ll provide the resources for me to set up a program in climate atmosphere ocean science.’ At the time, I had a very successful career as an applied mathematician and as a young man I’d won almost all the major prizes in the U.S in applied math before this. -
Birkhäuser Mathematics 2009 /2010
Order Information Distribution Centers Editorial Matters To order any of our books or Europe, Asia, Africa, Birkhäuser Verlag AG journals please contact your Australia Viaduktstrasse 42 local bookseller or order at Birkhäuser Customer Service 4051 Basel/Switzerland www.birkhauser.ch c/o Springer Customer Tel: +41 / 61 / 2 05 07 07 Service Center Fax: +41 / 61 / 2 05 07 99 To subscribe or unsubscribe Haberstrasse 7 to this catalogue please 69126 Heidelberg/Germany Editors: contact Dr. Thomas Hempfling Books: [email protected] Executive Editor Tel.: +49 / 6221 / 345 43 01 Mathematics Fax: +49 / 6221 / 345 42 29 All prices are recommended [email protected] [email protected] prices, except Euro prices for Birkhäuser German titles. Journals: Dr. Barbara Hellriegel EUR prices are net prices. Tel. +49 / 6221 / 345 43 01 Editor EUR (D) prices are gross Fax +49 / 6221 / 345 42 29 Applied Mathematics/Computer Birkhäuser prices including 7% German [email protected] Science VAT. [email protected] Switzerland, Liechtenstein EUR (A) prices are gross Mathematics Balmer Bücherdienst AG Mathematics prices including 10% Dr. Karin Neidhart Customer Service Austrian VAT. Editor Kobiboden CHF prices are gross prices. History of Science 8840 Einsiedeln/Switzerland Prices are subject to change [email protected] 2009 /2010 without notice. Tel.: +41 / 848 / 840 820 Fax: +41 / 848 / 840 830 [email protected] 2009/2010 North and South America Birkhäuser Boston Birkhäuser Boston 233 Spring Street c/o Springer -
Interview with Joseph Keller
Interview with Joseph Keller he moved to Stanford University, where he is now an emeritus professor. Keller has received many awards and honors throughout his career, including the von Karman Prize of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (1979), the Timoshenko Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (1984), the National Medal of Science (1988), the National Academy of Sciences Award in Applied Mathe- matics and Numerical Analysis (1995), the Nemmers Joe Keller at home in Stanford, CA. Prize from Northwestern University (1996), and Joseph B. Keller is one of the premier applied math- the Wolf Prize (1997). ematicians of recent times. The problems he has What follows is the edited text of an interview worked on span a wide range of areas, including with Keller conducted in March 2004 by Notices se- wave propagation, semiclassical mechanics, geo- nior writer and deputy editor Allyn Jackson. physical fluid dynamics, epidemiology, biome- chanics, operations research, finance, and the math- Early Years ematics of sports. His best-known work includes Notices: How did you get interested in mathemat- the Geometrical Theory of Diffraction, which is an ics? extension of the classical theory of optics and in- Keller: I was always good at mathematics as a spired the introduction of geometric methods in child. My father, who was not educated but was a the study of partial differential equations, and the smart guy, used to give my Einstein-Brillouin-Keller Method, which provided brother and me mathematical new ways to compute eigenvalues in quantum me- puzzles when we were kids. chanics. Keller has had about fifty doctoral students Here’s an example.